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FINALTERM EXAMINATION
CS301- Data Structures
Question No: 1 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

The arguments passed to a function should match in number, type and order with the
parameters in the function definition.
True
& !alse
Question No: ' Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"f numbers #, $$$, %, %& are inserted in a 'ueue, which one will be remo(ed first)
& %&
& %
& $$$
#
Question No: ( Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

Suppose current*ode refers to a node in a lin+ed list ,using the *ode class with member
(ariables called data and ne-t*ode.. /hat statement changes current*ode so that it refers
to the ne-t node)
& current*ode 001
& current*ode 2 ne-t*ode1
& current*ode 02 ne-t*ode1
& current*ode 2 current*ode-3ne-t*ode1
Question No: ) Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

4 *ompoun+ ,ata -tructure is the data structure which can ha(e multiple data
items of same type or of different types. /hich of the following can be considered
compound data structure)
& 4rrays
5in+5ists
& 6inary Search Trees
& 4ll of the gi(en options
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Question No: . Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

7ere is a small function definition8
void f(int i, int &k)
{
i = 1;
k = 2;
}
Suppose that a main program has two integer (ariables x and y, which are gi(en the
(alue 0. Then the main program calls f(x,y); /hat are the (alues of x and y after
the function f finishes)
& 6oth x and y are still 0.
& x is now 1, but y is still 0.
x is still 0, but y is now $.
& x is now 1, and y is now $.
Question No: / Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

The difference between a binary tree and a binary search tree is that ,
& a binary search tree has two children per node whereas a binary tree can ha(e
none, one, or two children per node
& in binary search tree nodes are inserted based on the (alues they contain
& in binary tree nodes are inserted based on the (alues they contain
& none of these
Question No: 0 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

Compiler uses which one of the following to e(aluate a mathematical e'uation,
& 6inary Tree
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& 6inary Search Tree
& $arse Tree
& 495 Tree
Question No: 1 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"f there are #: internal nodes in a binary tree then how many e-ternal nodes this binary
tree will ha(e)
& #%
& ..
& #:
& #;
Question No: 2 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"f there are $3 e-ternal nodes in a binary tree then what will be the no. of internal nodes
in this binary tree)
& $3
& $%
& $1
$$
Question No: 13 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

/hich of the following method is helpful in creating the heap at once)
& insert
& add
& update
preculateDown ,lecture <31 page 1.
Question No: 11 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

The defnition of Transitivity property is
& For all element x member of S, x R x
& For all elements x and y, x R y if and only if y R x
For all elements x, y and z, if x R y and y R z then x R z
& For all elements w, x, y and z, if x R y and w R z then x R z
Question No: 1' Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

4 binary tree of * nodes has =======.
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& 5og10 * le(els
& Lo4' N levels
& * > $ le(els
& * - $ le(els
Question No: 1( Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"f there are * elements in an array then the number of ma-imum steps needed to find an
element using 6inary Search is ======= .
*
*
$
*log$*
lo4'N
Question No: 1) Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

Consider te following array
$3 1# # 1$ %0 10 ;
4fter the first pass of a particular algorithm, the array loo+s li+e
1# # 1$ $3 10 ; %0
*ame the algorithm used
7eap sort
& Selection sort
& "nsertion sort
& 5u66le sort
Question No: 1. Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"f both pointers of the node in a binary tree are *?55 then it will be a>an ======= .
& "nner node
5eaf node
& @oot node
& *one of the gi(en options
Question No: 1/ Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

6y using ==========we a(oid the recursi(e method of tra(ersing a Tree, which ma+es
use of stac+s and consumes a lot of memory and time.
& 6inary tree only
Threaded binary tree
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& 7eap data structure
& 7uffman encoding
Question No: 10 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

4 complete binary tree of height 3 has between ======== nodes.
& & to 1%
& to 1#
& & to 1:
& & to 1;
Question No: 11 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

Consider a min heap, represented by the following array8
3,%,:,;,#,10
4fter inserting a node with (alue 1./hich of the following is the updated min heap)
& 3,%,:,;,#,10,1
& 3,%,:,;,#,1,10
& 3,%,1,#,;,10,:
& 17)7(7.707137/ close to correct 6ut correct ans is 17)7(707.7137/
Question No: 12 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

Consider a min heap, represented by the following array8
10,30,$0,;0,%0,#0,&0,:0
4fter inserting a node with (alue 31./hich of the following is the updated min heap)
& 137(37'37(17)37.37137/3703
& 10,30,$0,;0,%0,#0,&0,:0,31
& 10,31,$0,30,%0,#0,&0,:0,31
& 31,10,30,$0,;0,%0,#0,&0,:0
Question No: '3 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

/hich one of the following algorithms is most widely used due to its good a(erage time,
& 6ubble Sort
& "nsertion Sort
& Quic! -ort
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& Aerge Sort
Question No: '1 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

Which of the following statement is correct about fndx! operation"
& 4 find,-. on element - is performed by returning e-actly the same node that is
found.
& A 8in+9" on element 9 is per8orme+ 6: returnin4 t%e root o8 t%e tree
containin4 9.
& 4 find,-. on element - is performed by returning the whole tree itself containing
-.
& 4 find,-. on element - is performed by returning T@?B.
Question No: '' Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

/hich of the following statement is *CT correct about find operation8
& "t is not a re'uirement that a find operation returns any specific name, Dust that
finds on two elements return the same answer if and only if they are in the same set.
& Cne idea might be to use a tree to represent each set, since each element in a tree
has the same root, thus the root can be used to name the set.
& "nitially each set contains one element.
& Initiall: eac% set contains one element an+ it +oes not ma!e sense to ma!e a
tree o8 one no+e onl:.
Question No: '( Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

The following are statements related to 'ueues.
,i. The last item to be added to a 'ueue is the first item to be remo(ed !alse
statement
,ii.4 'ueue is a structure in which both ends are not used !alse statement
,iii.The last element hasnEt to wait until all elements preceding it on the 'ueue are remo(ed !alse
statement
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,i(. A queue is said to be a last-in-first-out list or LIFO data structure. !alse statement
/hich of the abo(e is>are related to normal 'ueues)
& ,iii. and ,ii. only
& ,i., ,ii. and ,i(. only
& ,ii. and ,i(. only
*one of the gi(en options
Question No: ') Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

The ma-imum number of e-ternal nodes ,lea(es. for a binary tree of height 7 is
;;;;;;;;;
& 2
H
& #
$
%&
& #
$
'&
& #
$
%#
Question No: '. Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"n complete binary tree the bottom le(el is filled from ========
& 5eft to right
& @ight to left
& *ot filled at all
& *one of the gi(en options
Question No: '/ Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

/e are gi(en * items to build a heap , this can be done with ===== successi(e inserts.
& *-1
& N
& *01
& *F$
Question No: '0 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one
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Suppose we had a hash table whose hash function is Gn H 1$I, if the number 3# is
already in the hash table, which of the following numbers would cause a collision)
& 1%%
& 1%#
& 1%3
& 1%&
Question No: '1 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

7ere is an array of ten integers8
# 3 & J 1 ; 0 $ : %
The array after the !"@ST iteration of the large loop in a selection sort ,sorting from
smallest to largest..
& 3 ( 1 2 1 0 . ' / )
& $ : % 0 3 & J 1 ; #
& $ : % J 1 ; 0 3 & #
& 0 3 & $ : % J 1 ; #
Question No: '2 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

/hat re'uirement is placed on an array, so that binary search may be used to locate an
entry) & The array elements must form a heap.
& The array must ha(e at least $ entries.
& T%e arra: must 6e sorte+.
& The arrayEs siKe must be a power of two.
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Question No: (3 Mar!s: 1 " # $lease c%oose one

"n case of deleting a node from 495 tree, rotation could be prolong to the root node.
& Les
& No
Question No: (1 Mar!s: 1 "

"n merge sort do we need to ha(e e-tra memory, Dustify your answer in either
case.
Les we need e-tra memory in merge sort.
Question No: (' Mar!s: 1 "

/here is "norder Mredecessor of a non leaf node is present in a 6inary Search
Tree)
Question No: (( Mar!s: ' "

7ow we can search an element in S+ip 5ist.
Question No: () Mar!s: ' "

/hat is the drawbac+ of using arrays to store 6inary Search Trees.
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Question No: (. Mar!s: ( "

Calculate the codes of the following characters in table below using the hoffman
encoding tree,
character Code
*5 10000
SM 1111
o 001
b 0100
i 0101
r 110
Question No: (/ Mar!s: ( "

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N!or smaller lists, linear insertion sort performs well, but for larger lists, 'uic+ sort is
suitable to apply.N Oustify why)
Question No: (0 Mar!s: ( "

-uppose t%at we %ave implemente+ a priorit: <ueue 6: storin4 t%e items in a %eap.
=e are now e9ecutin4 a re%eapi8ication +ownwar+ an+ t%e out#o8#place no+e %as
priorit: o8 )'. T%e no+e>s parent %as a priorit: o8 0'7 t%e le8t c%il+ %as priorit: .'
an+ t%e no+e>s ri4%t c%il+ %as priorit: /'. =%ic% statement 6est +escri6es t%e status
o8 t%e re%eapi8ication.
A. T%e re%eapi8ication is +one.
5. T%e ne9t step will swap t%e out#o8#place no+e wit% its parent.
*. T%e ne9t step will swap t%e out#o8#place no+e wit% its le8t c%il+.
,. T%e ne9t step will swap t%e out#o8#place no+e wit% its ri4%t c%il+.
E. None o8 t%ese.
Question No: (1 Mar!s: . "

?ive two +i88erent reasons to e9plain w%: t%e 8ollowin4 6inar: tree is not a %eap:

Question No: (2 Mar!s: . "

7ere is an array of ten integers8
# 3 & J 1 ; 0 $ : %
Sort the array by using selection sort algorithm and show content of array after each step.
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. ( 1 2 1 0 3 ' / )
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-TE$ 1
3 ( 1 2 1 0 . ' / )
-TE$ '
3 1 1 2 ( 0 . ' / )
-TE$(
3 1 ' 2 ( 0 . 1 / )
-TE$ )
3 1 ' ( 2 0 . 1 / )
-TE$.
3 1 ' ( ) 0 . 1 / 2
-TE$/
3 1 ' ( ) . 0 1 / 2
-TE$ 0
3 1 ' ( ) . / 1 0 2
-TE$1
3 1 ' ( ) . / 0 1 2
3 1 ' ( ) . / 0 1 2
Question No: )3 Mar!s: 13 "

A lon4 se<uence o8 vowels nee+s to 6e transmitte+ e88icientl: so a pro4rammer
+eci+es to use @u88man enco+in4 to enco+e t%e vowels. A +istri6ution count stu+: o8
t:pical +ata :iel+e+ t%e 8ollowin4 8re<uenc: ta6le.
Fre<uenc: Ta6le
c%aracter 8re<uenc: @u88man co+e
A ((201 ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
E '3/0/ ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
I 1.11) ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
O '1..' ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
A 13(') ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
B )20. ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
A" *reate a @u88man tree to +etermine t%e 6inar: co+es 8or eac% c%aracter.
5" Fill t%e co+es into t%e ta6le a6ove.
*" Enco+e t%e 8ollowin4 se<uence EIBOAA
Question No: )1 Mar!s: 13 "

Consider the following tree.
a. Show that either it is a heap or not.
b. "f it is a heap then what type of heap is it)
c. 4dd %0 in the heap and con(ert it in ma- heap.
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