Star Topology

Disadvantages Star topology

Twisted pair cables typically used in star topologies are not as immune to interferences as
coxiale cable
Expensive because of additional cabling and central hub require
If the centralize device fails the entire system is affected.
Advantages
Easy to Install: Each device on network simply requires a cable run between it and the
concentrator device.
Flexible: Devices can be added or removed without affecting the other devices on the
network.
A single device or cable failure will not bring down the network
Easy to set up and to expand.as each device on the network simply requires a cable run
between it and the concentrator device
Any non-centralised failure will have very little effect on the network, whereas on a ring
network it would all fail with one fault.
Data Packets are sent quickly as they do not have to travel through any unnecessary nodes.
Performance is greater with speeds capable of 10mbps to 100mbps or more
The ability to isolate individual devices in troubleshooting An intelligent central hub or
switch that can help diagnose and manage the network Adjusting traffic levels so that
computers that place heavy loads on the network are moved to separate hubs








Bus Topology
Disadvantages
Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable.
Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.
Performance: Coax technology is usually limited to a maximum of 10mbs.
Not intended for use as a standalone solution in a large building.
Coax technology is usually limited to a maximum of 10mbs.
Limited cable length and number of stations.
Not intended for use as a standalone solution in a large building.
If there is a problem with the cable, the entire network goes down.
Performance degrades as additional computers are added or on heavy traffic.
Low security (all computers on the bus can see all data transmissions).
If one node fails, the whole network will shut down.
You are limited with the number of devices that you can have on a single segment.
Advantages
Inexpensive: Does not require additional hardware to interconnect the attached devices.
Easy to Install: Coax cable is durable and performs well in harsh environments.
Flexible: New devices can be added by simply installing a new T connector.
Well suited for temporary or small networks not requiring high speeds(quick setup)
Initially less expensive than other topologies.
Requires less cable length than a star topology






Mesh Topology
Advantages
Extremely reliable. Data has access to fastest paths and can load balance.
Provides redundancy and fault tolerance between devices and ensures the best possibility
that the network is always available.
Diadvantage of Mesh
Uses the most cabling to implement.
Has a high administrative overhead.




















Ring
Advantages
Data is quickly transferred without a 'bottle neck'
The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.
Adding additional nodes has very little impact on bandwidth
It prevents network collisions because of the media access method or architecture required.
All devices have equal access.
Disadvantages
Because all stations are wired together, to add a station you must shut down the network
temporarily.
It is difficult to troubleshoot the ring.
Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient
Therefore this makes it slower.
If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully.













Collision

A network collision occurs when two devices attempt to transmit data on a shared circuit. In a
shared circuit where multiple devices are listening, only a single device can transmit data at a single
point in time which requires the rest of the devices to be listening to the transmission. In an hub
environments, multiple devices are connected to a single transmission stream, so collisions tend to
happen. Switches break up collision domains to have single devices on their own network segment,
which eliminates collisions.