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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
31
st
March 2013
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
Multi Day session
First Part: Fundamental Concepts
Second Part: LTE Performance Monitoring
Third Part : LTE signaling and Drive Test Analysis
Fourth Part: Optimization and Basic Parameters
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
Evolution of 3GPP Standards
Release 99: UMTS FDD
Release 4: UMTS TDD + FDD + Repeaters
Release 5: HSDPA
Release 6: HSUPA (Enhanced Uplink) +MBMS
Release 7: HSPA+ (2x2 MIMO, Higher Order Modulation, etc.)
Release 8: LTE FDD and TDD
New Air interface introduced in release 8 with
OFDM technique
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
LTE release8/9 can reach upto 300 Mbps in DL with 4x4 MIMO and 20MHz channel
(We will calculate at end of this session)
Release 10 will be LTE advanced reaching speeds up to DL 3Gbps and UL 1.5 Gbps
With carrier aggregation (like DC HSPA+) with up to 5 carrier of 20 MHz(i.e 100 MhZ)
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
LTE Key Highlights :
Simplified all IP arch
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
In a nutshell: OFDMA Combined with Power of MIMO
best of 3G and 2G with new air interface(OFDMA+MIMO) and all IP architecture
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
Any of above technique Multiple Access Tech can be duplex in either way i.e. FDD or TDD
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
Normal FDM needs guard bands so spectrally inefficient;
Orthogonal subcarrier FDM removes this constraint and spectral efficiency increases drastically
Normal FDM Orthogonal FDM
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
Lets see where this Orthogonal FDM and Sub Carrier comes fromLets get into Fourier transform
I promise no Mathematics
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
LTE Frame Structure:
Type 1 Frame (FDD)
Type 2 Frame(TDD)
Lets focus on Type 1(FDD)
10 ms to remain align with UMTS during
10 sub frames of 1 ms each
Each sub frame has two slots
Each slot has 7(or 6) symbols to transmit
This all above is on 1 sub-carrier
1 TTI is 1 ms i.e. 1 sub frame
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
A resource block is 180 kHz (i.e. 12 subcarriers) in the
frequency domain and 1 slot in the time domain
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
If reference carrier of two sector are not identical they can be decoded distinctly;
so we plan/assign PCI to be distinct which affect RS signals position(more on PCI Plan)
PCI is analogous to PSC in 3G and BCCH in 2G
DC carrier is not orthogonal and will add DC component which can heat up transmitter
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
When using a normal cyclic prefix, a resource block contains 84
resource
elements (12 subcarriers by 7 symbols)
Huawei Confidential
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LTE Fundamentals
5M HZ channel size 10M HZ channel size
15 khz sub carrier spacing 15 khz sub carrier spacing
333.3333333 666.6666667
Leaving Guard around 10 percent and DC carrier left with 300 666-66=600
left subcarriers divided by 12 subcarrier per rb give number of RB
300/12=25 600/12=50
How to calculate Number of resource Block for a given channel BW(lets ignore FFT/Sampling details):
Throughput calculation to be done in next session..
Huawei Confidential
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Thank you
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