Project Model No: 164

ABSTRACT
PRECISE KILLOMETER CALCULATION BY UNDERGROUND CABLE
FAULT DETECTOR
The project uses the simple concept of OHMs law where a low DC voltage is applied at
the feeder end through a series resistor. The current would vary depending upon the length of
fault of the cable in case there is a short circuit of LL or L or L! etc. The series resistor voltage
drop changes accordingly which is then fed to an "DC to develop precise digital data which the
programmed microcontroller would display the same in #ilo meters.
The project is assembled with a set of resistors representing cable length in #Ms and
fault creation is made by a set of switches at every $nown #M to cross chec$ the accuracy of the
same. The fault occurring at what distance and which phase is displayed on a %&'( LCD
interfaced with the microcontroller.
)n this project we use a microcontroller from *+,% family which is of *-bit. The program
is burned into .OM of microcontroller written in either /mbedded C or assembly language.
The power supply consists of a step down transformer (+0%(12 which steps down the
voltage to %(1 "C. This is converted to DC using a 3ridge rectifier. The ripples are removed
using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to 4,1 using a voltage regulator 5*+, which is
re6uired for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.
Project Model No: 164
ABSTRACT
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Microcontroller 7"T*8C,(09,(:2 LCD2
"DC2 .elays2 .elay Driver2 Transformers2
Diodes2 .egulator2 .esistors2 Capacitors2
L/Ds2 9witches.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
#eil Compiler2 Language; /mbedded C or
"ssembly.