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OTN Overview
Radhakrishna Valiveti
System Architecture Group,
Infinera Corp.
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What is OTN?
Basic Capabilities in OTN Networks
New Developments
OTN Evolution Convergence of Layers
Summary

Outline
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Next Generation SONET/SDH
Terabit/sec capacity on fibers (using DWDM)
Higher client signal rates (1G, 2.5G, 10G, 40G, ...)
Transparent Client Signal Transport
Bits & Timing
Support efficient multiplexing of services onto a
wavelengths
Enhanced OAM
Beyond SONET (no TCMs), SDH (1 TCM)
Protection schemes
Linear Protection (support existing SONET/SDH mechanisms)
Ring Protection (support existing SONET/SDH mechanisms)
Shared Mesh protection (New)
What is OTN?
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First Gen DMDM Networks (pre-OTN)
Carrier B
Vendor B
NE
NE
Vendor A
NE
NE
NE
NE
Proprietary
DWDM solutions
Carrier A
NE
NE
Carrier A
Customer Eqpt
(e.g. Router)
Customer Eqpt
(e.g. Router) Inter Vendor/Carrier interop
Possible only at the level of client signals
End to end Service realized in the form of multiple segments
Client to wavelength mapping
No end-to-end service management (only possibility is to examine the
client signal at various points along the circuit)
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The OTN Approach
Carrier B
Vendor B
NE
NE
Vendor A
NE
NE
NE
NE
Intra-Domain interfaces (IaDI).
Can incl. proprietary elements
Carrier A
NE
NE
Carrier A
Customer Eqpt
(e.g. Router)
Customer Eqpt
(e.g. Router) Standard Inter-Domain (IrDI) i/f
Digitally wrap Client signals. Wrappers can be monitored in transit
Monitoring:
Connectivity Verification
Connection monitoring: end-to-end, or in segments
Maintenance Signals
Generic Communication Channels
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Network View
IP Layer Routers
Links Realized via Xport
networks
IP
Electrical: Client Mapping,
Connection Multiplexing,
Grooming, Monitoring,
No stranded BW
Protection/Restoration
OTN
DWDM
Optical Layer:
Add/Drop, Express,
Protection/Restoration
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OTN Architecture
Client OH
Optical Payload Unit (OPUk)
(transparent client signal transport)
OPUk OH
FEC OH
ODUk
Optical Data Unit (ODUk)
Optical Transport Unit (OTUk)
Optical Channel (OCh)
(1 OCh per OTU; ITU G.694.1 wavelength
grid)
OMSn
OTSn
Optical Multiplex Section (OMS)
Optical Transport Section (OTS)
Multi-Service Clients
D
i
g
i
t
a
l

D
o
m
a
i
n

O
p
t
i
c
a
l

D
o
m
a
i
n

SONET/SDH SAN Ethernet
OCh
OCh
. . . . . . . . . . .
(k = 1/2/3/4 for 2.510/40/100G)
FEC Enhanced optical reach, BER
N
o
n

A
s
s
o
c

O
H

(
O
S
C
)

A
s
s
o
c

O
H

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OTN NE Internals
CLIENT LINE SWITCHING
Client signal
adaptation
O
T
N

(
O
T
U
1
,

O
T
U
2
,

O
T
U
3
,

O
T
U
4
)

E
t
h
e
r
n
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t

(
1
/
1
0
/
4
0
/
1
0
0

G
b
E
)

S
O
N
E
T
/
S
D
H

(
1
5
5
M
b
/
s

4
0
G
b
/
s
)

S
A
N

(
F
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e

C
h
a
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l
,

F
I
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O
N
)

l
1
l
2
l
3
l
n
l
4
l
1
l
2
l
3
l
n
l
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ODUk
Bandwidth
Management
.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

O
D
U

M
u
x
/
d
e
m
u
x

O
T
U

S
o
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r
c
e
/
S
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k

OTN Client Interfaces
OTN Bandwidth Management
OTN WDM Line Side
Multi-service support for
SONET/SDH, Ethernet and SAN
OTN handoffs enable multi-
vendor inter-working
Optical interfaces support (OTUk)
(Fully standardized)
G.694.1 wavelength grid
G.709 Digital Wrapper w/ FEC
or Enhanced FEC
Typically OTUkV (Functionally
standardized)
OTN Overhead & OAMP
ODUk switching
Typically ODU0 (1.25G)
granularity
Transparent switching of DWDM
line capacity
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OTN Layers (End-to-End View)
ODU
Client
Eqpt
Digital
ADM
Optical
ADM
Optical
ADM
Digital
ADM
Client
Eqpt
Optical
Amp
OTS OTS
OMS
OCh
OTU
Client Signal Trail: e.g. OC192, STM-64, 10GBASE-R
May be part of
the same NE
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Client Signal Mapping (G.709 3/2003)
CBR2G5 AMP OPU1
BMP
CBR10G AMP OPU2
OPU1-4V
BMP
CBR40G AMP OPU3
OPU2-4V
OPU1-16V
BMP
OC-48/STM-16
OC-192/STM-64
OC-768/STM-256
No Standard Mappings defined for Ethernet Clients
* AMP = Async Mapping Procedure; BMP = Bitsynch Mapping Procedure
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GMP 40GBase OPU3 TTT
GMP 100GBase OPU4
GMP STM-1,4 OPU0
GMP 1000Base OPU0 TTT
10GBase BMP OPU2e
FC-1200 BMP OPU2e TTT
CBRx BMP OPUFlex
Client Signal Mapping (G.709 12/2009)
* GMP = Generic Mapping Procedure; TTT = Timing Transp. Transcoding
OTN fully support Ethernet Clients
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ODU Multiplexing Hierarchy
Low-Order ODUk
ODU0
ODUflex
ODU1
ODU2
ODU3
ODU3e1
ODU3e2
ODU4
ODU3e1
ODU3e2
ODU1
Muxing
ODU2
Muxing
ODU3
Muxing
ODU4
Muxing
ODU3e1/2 Muxing
ODU1
ODU2
ODU2e
ODU3
ODU4
High-Order ODUk
ODU1
ODU2
ODU3
ODU4
2 8 32 80
4
8 32 80
16 40
4 10
3 10
2
4
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OTN Multiplexing - Example
OTU3
OTU2e
OTU2
10GbE mapped
into ODU2e
O
D
U
2
e

O
H
10G
10GbE
10G
O
D
U
2
e

O
H
10G
ODU2e
muxed into
ODU3
O
D
U
2
e

O
H

10G
O
D
U
3

O
H

OC-192/STM-64
mapped into ODU2
O
D
U
2

O
H

10G
O
D
U
2

O
H

10G
10G
OC-192/
STM-64
O
D
U
2

O
H

10G
ODU2
muxed into same
ODU3
ODU2
OH
10G
ODU3
OH
Client service
ODU2 encapsulation
ODU3 encapsulation
Legend
ODU2e
OH
ODU2e encapsulation
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Tandem Connection Monitoring
OTN
Network A
OTN
Network B
OTN
Network A
ODU Connection monitored within B (TCM1)
ODU Connection monitored within A (TCM2)
TCM1 & TCM2 being monitored concurrently
Network operators need to agree on the TCM layers to use (no dynamic allocation
of TCM layers to domains)
Allows arbitrary nesting of TCM layers (subject to layer availability)
ODU frame includes Overhead (OH) for 6 TCM layers
TCM layer Used for:
- Connectivity Verification, PM, Protection/Restoration triggers
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Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)
Segment Protection/Restoration
OTN
Network A
OTN
Network A
ODU Connection monitored within B (TCM1)
ODU Connection monitored within A (TCM2)
detects the problem with the working path
Knows the problem is in their domain
Switches to the protection path
NE at the edge of
Network B
Gets (data plane) notification of defect in working path
Uses hold-off timer to prevent initiating switchover (i.e.
allow the nested protection attempt to succeed)
NE at the edge of
network A (near CPE)
OTN Network B
working
protection
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Control Plane in Optical Networks
Auto discovery of topology
Route computation
Point-and-click provisioning
Service restoration
RSVP-TE signaling protocol for dynamic provisioning of paths
Speeds service delivery from A to Z
OSPF-TE discovers topology & bandwidth
Dynamically advertised as changes occur
Source-based CSPF circuit routing
Traffic engineering for explicit routing control
Mesh restoration of multiple failures. Efficient use of bandwidth
Automated control plane for DWDM & OTN
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ODUflex Applications
Stop the proliferation of ODU containers
Suited to CBR signals of arbitrary rates,
e.g. map 8GFC into ODUflex, NOT
8GFC to ODU2
ODU2e used to map 10GBASE-R
signal is not called ODUflex (but can
be considered the first ODUflex)
No need for deskew buffers required to
support ODU VCAT
New use for ODUflex
Packet Traffic rates not coupled to that of
the physical interface (logical flows)
Uses GFP-F encapsulation for packets
ODUflex rate is N x (TS in HO-OPUk)
Improvement over
ODU VCAT
FC
Eth
TDM CBR
ODU-flex 1
ODU-flex 2
ODU
(non-flex)
Higher
Order (HO)
ODU
(one l)
Eth
TDM CBR
ODU-flex 1
ODU
(non-flex)
Higher
Order (HO)
ODU
(one l)
ODU-flex 2
VLAN #1
VLAN #2
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80 tributary slots @ 1.301G (for ODU4
links)
LO ODUj can take any n tributary
slots
No bandwidth fragmentation
LO ODUflex(GFP) is resizable
hitlessly (without any traffic impact)
HO ODU4/21
80 TribSlots @ 1G
ODUflex(GFP)/3
ODU2
ODUflex(GFP)/6
ODUflex(3GSDI)
ODU0
ODU0
ODU0
Unallocated
TribSlot
Allocated
TribSlot
/ 4
ODUflex Tributary Slot Allocation
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Convergence of Layers
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Private
Line
SONET
transport
C
o
r
e

/

B
a
c
k
b
o
n
e

N
e
t
w
o
r
k

The motivation behind Packet-OTN
IP Core Routers
Transport Network (OTN/WDM)
IP Peering
IP-VPN L2 VPN
Internet
Access
IPTV VoIP
Service Routers
Wholesale
Bandwidth
SAN
Reduce Cost: IP core routers touch 100% of IP traffic at most nodes
Ensure Common convergence layer: Optical + Packet Support
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P-OTN optimized for packet & multi-service optical
2011 Infinera Corporation.
Today
Phase I
IP/MPLS
STS/OTN
WDM
Converged
WDM/OTN
Switching
IP
MPLS
Phase II
IP
Converged
WDM/P-OTN
Converged WDM/P-OTN dramatically simplify the network
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Summary
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Full function OTN
ODUk
(N x ODU3)
OTUk
(OTU4)
OTN DWDM
Transport
Control Plane
& OAMP
e.g., GMPLS,
ASON, WSON
ODUj <-> ODUk
(ODU2 <-> ODU3)
OTN
Multiplexing
client
ODUj
OTN
OTN
OTN
OTN
OTN
OTN
Adaptation
ODUj
(ODU2)
ODUj
(ODU2)
OTN
Switching
Support For Full Range of Fully-Standardized OTN Features
10GbE -> ODU2
Standardized
Multi-Service
Platform
Efficient
Service
Reconfiguration
High
Bandwidth
Inter-Carrier
Hand-Offs
Efficient High-
Bandwidth
Transport
Multi-Layer
Management
& Automation
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Efficient OTN Enabled Network
Single OTN Service Delivery Layer
Single protocol-agnostic
service delivery layer

Homogenous OAM&P

Standardized Managed
multi-service trunks
Tandem Connection Monitoring

100% Transparent
transport
Asynchronous mapping
Bit Synchronous mapping
Generic mapping

Integrated OTN + DWDM
SDH
Ethernet
Fiber Channel
Others
OTN


Carrier A
TCM
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Domain & Domain Interconnect Supervision
Lead Operator QoS Supervision
User QoS Supervision
OTN


Carrier B
OTN
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Thank You