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Week 2, Sesslon 4
Pow vlruses cause dlsease
rof. v. 8acanlello
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uurlng Lhe earllesL sLages of lnfecuon, cells produce
cyLoklnes as lnLrlnslc defenses are acuvaLed
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1nf-o, a cyLoklne of early warnlng, causes
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8edness, paln, heaL, swelllng, Lhe four classlc slgns of
lnammauon (rubor, dolor, calor, Lumor, orlglnally
recorded by Lhe 8oman encyclopedlsL Celsus ln Lhe
rsL cenLury Au)
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8esulL from lncreased blood ow, lncreased caplllary
permeablllLy, lnux of phagocyuc cells, ussue damage
rlnclples of vlrology, ASM ress
lnlually funcuon locally ln anuvlral defense
ln larger quanuues, enLer clrculauon, have global
eecLs (sleeplness, leLhargy, muscle paln, no
appeuLe, nausea)
rlnclples of vlrology, ASM ress
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CyLopaLhlc vlruses cause lnammauon because Lhey
promoLe cell and ussue damage
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ConsequenLly cyLopaLhlc vlral genomes encode
proLelns LhaL modulaLe Lhls lmmune response
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uo noL sumulaLe Lhe lnammaLory response
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1yplcally non-cyLopaLhlc vlruses
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Cells are noL damaged
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Cells do noL dle of lnfecuon
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Low or lneecuve lnnaLe lmmune response
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non-cyLopaLhlc vlruses have dramaucally dlerenL
lnLeracuons wlLh Lhe hosL lmmune sysLem
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Arenavlruses, paramyxovlruses
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Cause perslsLenL lnfecuons: lnfecuons are rarely or lnemclenLly cleared
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1he classlc lnammaLory response (heaL, swelllng,
redness, paln) reecLs Lhe communlcauon of lnnaLe
and adapuve lmmune defense
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Cne reason for uslng lnammauon-sumulaung
ad[uvanLs for nonlnfecuous vacclnes
rlnclples of vlrology, ASM ress
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CyLoklnes, pauern deLecLors, senunel cells,
complemenL
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1akes care of mosL lnfecuons before we know whaL's
golng on
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lf early defenses are breached by vlruses, Lhe lnnaLe
sysLem slgnals Lhe adapuve defense sysLem Lo klck ln
lmages from 90!"*!2:-1 '; <!0':'=7
2009 Amerlcan SocleLy for Mlcroblology
Are used wlLh permlsslon
no furLher reproducuon or dlsLrlbuuon ls permlued
wlLhouL Lhe prlor wrluen permlsslon of Lhe
Amerlcan SocleLy for Mlcroblology