Construction of Pipelines Specification

SPECIFICATION DWS 1110
CONSTRUCTION OF PIPELINES
Revised: March 1998
rmh/es/10006931/p1s1
DWS 1110
Construction of ipe!ines
2
DWS 1110
CONTENTS
CLAUSE PAGE
NUMBERS
1. SCOPE...............................................................................................................................................................................
2. STANDARDS....................................................................................................................................................................
3. MATERIALS....................................................................................................................................................................
3.1 PIPES AND FITTINGS........................................................................................................................................................
3.2 VALVES............................................................................................................................................................................
3.3 WATER METERS...............................................................................................................................................................
3.4 LINING AND COATING MATERIALS...................................................................................................................................
3.5 POLYETHYLENE SHEETS..................................................................................................................................................
3.6 PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE CULVERTS..................................................................................................................
3.7 CAST-IRON MANHOLE COVERS AND FRAMES...................................................................................................................
3.8 FENCING MATERIALS AND GATES....................................................................................................................................
3. CEMENT..........................................................................................................................................................................
3.1! AGGREGATES FOR CONCRETE AND MORTAR....................................................................................................................
3.11 WATER FOR CONCRETE AND MORTAR..............................................................................................................................
3.12 CONCRETE.......................................................................................................................................................................
3.13 FORMWOR".....................................................................................................................................................................
3.14 CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT...........................................................................................................................................
3.15 #RIC"S............................................................................................................................................................................
3.16 #AC"FILL MATERIAL.......................................................................................................................................................
3.17 STORAGE$ HANDLING AND TRANSPORT OF PIPES$ SPECIALS AND FITTINGS.....................................................................
3.18 RECORDS OF MATERIALS ON SITE....................................................................................................................................
3.1 REPAIRS...........................................................................................................................................................................
3.2! MAINTENANCE OF CLEANLINESS.....................................................................................................................................
4. DESIGN AND SETTING OUT.......................................................................................................................................
4.1 DESIGN..............................................................................................................................................................................
4.2 SETTING OUT.....................................................................................................................................................................
5. ENTRY AND WORK UPON LAND..............................................................................................................................
5.1 GENERAL...........................................................................................................................................................................
5.2 ENTRY UPON PRIVATE LAND..............................................................................................................................................
5.3 WOR" IN TOWNS AND ON AREAS UNDER CONTROL OF AUTHORITIES...............................................................................
5.4 ACCESS THROUGH FENCES................................................................................................................................................
5.5 TEMPORARY FENCING OF WOR"ING AREAS.......................................................................................................................
5.6 INTERFERENCE WITH AND REINSTATEMENT OF E%ISTING SERVICES AND WOR"S..........................................................16
6. SITE PREPARATION.....................................................................................................................................................
6.1 SITE CLEARING..................................................................................................................................................................
6.2 TOP SOIL............................................................................................................................................................................
6.3 GENERAL LEVELLING........................................................................................................................................................
7. EARTHWORKS...............................................................................................................................................................
7.1 E%CAVATIONS....................................................................................................................................................................
7.2 #AC"FILLING.....................................................................................................................................................................
8. LAYING AND JOINTING OF PIPES AND SPECIALS.............................................................................................
8.1 GENERAL...........................................................................................................................................................................
8.2 SPECIALS...........................................................................................................................................................................
8.3 INSTALLATION OF VALVES AND METERS.............................................................................................................................
8.4 FIELD WELDING.................................................................................................................................................................
8.5 STEEL PIPELINES................................................................................................................................................................
8.6 CONCRETE PIPELINES........................................................................................................................................................
8.7 FI#RE-CEMENT PIPELINES..................................................................................................................................................
8.8 MAINTENANCE OF CLEANLINESS DURING LAYING.............................................................................................................
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DWS 1110
8. NIGHT-CAPS......................................................................................................................................................................
8.1! PREVENTION OF FLOTATION.............................................................................................................................................
. REPAIRS TO LININGS! COATINGS AND PROTECTION OF JOINTS................................................................
.1 GENERAL...........................................................................................................................................................................
.2 #ITUMEN LININGS AND COATINGS.....................................................................................................................................
.3 CEMENT MORTAR &CONCRETE' LININGS.............................................................................................................................
.4 SHOP APPLIED EPO%Y LININGS AND COATINGS..................................................................................................................
.5 IN-SITU APPLIED EPO%Y LININGS.......................................................................................................................................
.6 PLASTIC TAPE WRAPPING...................................................................................................................................................
.7 COAL TAR COATINGS.........................................................................................................................................................
.8 PROTECTION OF FLE%I#LE COUPLINGS AND FLANGES.......................................................................................................
1". CROSSING OF ROADS! RAILWAYS AND STREAMS...........................................................................................
1!.1 GENERAL.........................................................................................................................................................................
1!.2 ROAD CROSSINGS............................................................................................................................................................
1!.3 RAIL CROSSINGS..............................................................................................................................................................
1!.4 STREAM CROSSINGS........................................................................................................................................................
11. CATHODIC AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION......................................................................................................
11.1 CATHODIC PROTECTION...................................................................................................................................................
11.2 LIGHTNING PROTECTION.................................................................................................................................................
12. HYDROSTATIC TESTING..........................................................................................................................................
12.1 GENERAL.........................................................................................................................................................................
12.2 TEST PRESSURES..............................................................................................................................................................
12.3 LEA"AGE RATES..............................................................................................................................................................
12.4 STATE OF VALVES DURING TEST.......................................................................................................................................
12.5 METHOD OF TESTING......................................................................................................................................................
12.6 REMEDIAL MEASURES......................................................................................................................................................
13. STERILI#ATION..................................................................................................................................................
14. DRAINAGE OF PIPELINE..........................................................................................................................................
15. MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION WORKS AND WORKMANSHIP......................................................4"
15.1 FENCING..........................................................................................................................................................................
15.2 CONCRETE WOR"............................................................................................................................................................
15.3 #RIC"WOR"....................................................................................................................................................................
15.4 FA#RICATED STEELWOR"................................................................................................................................................
15.5 SERVITUDE ROAD.............................................................................................................................................................
16. FINAL PAINTING.........................................................................................................................................................
17. MARKER $EACONS! $ENCH MARKS! TRIANGULATION $EACONS! MARKING OF %AL%E
CHAM$ERS AND SCHEDULE OF INSTALLATIONS..........................................................................................
18. COMPLETION DRAWINGS.......................................................................................................................................
1. SUPER%ISION AND INSPECTION............................................................................................................................
1.1 GENERAL.........................................................................................................................................................................
1.2 WELD INSPECTION...........................................................................................................................................................
1.3 INSPECTION OF ORGANIC LININGS AND COATINGS..........................................................................................................
2". MEASUREMENTS AND PAYMENTS.......................................................................................................................
2!.1 GENERAL.........................................................................................................................................................................
2!.2 DESIGN$ SURVEYS$ SETTING OUT$ DRAWINGS &INCLUDING (AS #UILT('...........................................................................
2!.3 SITE CLEARING................................................................................................................................................................
2!.4 DEMOLISHING..................................................................................................................................................................
2!.5 TRENCH E%CAVATIONS.....................................................................................................................................................
2!.6 E%CAVATIONS FOR VALVE CHAM#ERS$ THRUST #LOC"S$ CULVERTS$ CONCRETE ENCASEMENTS AND SIMILAR
STRUCTURES..................................................................................................................................................................
2!.7 PIPE #EDDING..................................................................................................................................................................
4
DWS 1110
2!.8 SELECTED #AC"FILL.......................................................................................................................................................
2!. COMMON #AC"FILL.........................................................................................................................................................
2!.1! CLEANING OF SERVITUDE..............................................................................................................................................
2!.11 LAYING AND )OINTING OF PIPING AND SPECIALS...........................................................................................................
2!.12 INSTALLATION OF IN-LINE VALVES$ METERS AND FITTINGS...........................................................................................
2!.13 PIPELINE OFF-TA"ES AND FITTINGS...............................................................................................................................
2!.14 CHAM#ERS$ CULVERTS AND PIPELINE STRUCTURES.......................................................................................................
2!.15 FENCING........................................................................................................................................................................
2!.16 HYDROSTATIC TESTING$ FRICTION*CAPACITY TESTING AND DRAINING.........................................................................
2!.17 STERILI+ATION..............................................................................................................................................................
2!.18 LIGHTNING PROTECTION...............................................................................................................................................
2!.1 CATHODIC PROTECTION.................................................................................................................................................
2!.2! MAR"ER #EACONS$ #ENCH MAR"S$ TRIANGULATION POINTS$ STAINLESS STEEL MAR"ERS AND MAR"ING AND
SCHEDULES OF INSTALLATIONS...................................................................................................................................
"#$ "%"&' ()M*$R %+ &,$S -( "#-S S$C-+-C&"-%( -S ./
5
DWS 1110
1. SCOPE
"his specification covers the construction of pressure pipe!ines of stee!0 reinforced concrete0 prestressed concrete and fi1re2
cement for the conve3ance of 4ater at am1ient temperatures5
2. STANDARDS
"he fo!!o4in6 Standard Specifications0 Codes of ractice and Re6u!ations are referred to and sha!! app!3 as specified hereinafter5
"he !atest issues sha!! app!3:
DWS1130 : Department of Water &ffairs0 7Standard Specification for the manufacture and supp!3 of stee! pipes0
specia!s and fittin6s for duties up to 806 Ma desi6n pressure57
DWS1131 : Department of Water &ffairs0 7Standard Specification for the !inin6 and coatin6 of stee! pipes and
specia!s57
C2( : Department of Water &ffairs0 7Standard Specification for the desi6n0 manufacture and supp!3 of
prestressed concrete non2c3!inder pipes and matin6 fittin6s57
C2C : Department of Water &ffairs0 7Standard Specification for the desi6n0 manufacture and supp!3 of
stee! c3!inder t3pe prestressed concrete pipes and matin6 fittin6s57
DWS/.10 : Department of Water &ffairs0 7Standard Specification for the supp!3 of va!ves57
S&*S 6/: : Stee! pipes and pipe fittin6s up to 1.0 mm nomina! 1ore
S&*S 13. : -S% Metric 1!ac9 1o!ts0 scre4s and nuts
S&*S 136 : -S% Metric precision he:a6on2head 1o!ts0 scre4s and nuts
S&*S //6 : Water taps
S&*S //; : *urnt c!a3 masonr3 units
S&*S /80 : #o!e !ocation in fencin6 posts and droppers
S&*S 308 : Cut1ac9 1itumen
S&*S 8.; : Wooden posts and droppers for fences
S&*S 8;1 : ort!and cement
S&*S .09 : Ma!!ea1!e cast iron pipe fittin6s
S&*S .33 : *!ac9 po!3eth3!ene pipes for the conve3ance of !i<uids
S&*S .86 : Cast iron fittin6s for fi1re2cement pressure pipes
S&*S ..8 : Cast iron surface 1o:es and manho!e and inspection covers and frames
S&*S 6/6 : ort!and 1!astfurnace cement
S&*S 6;. : =inc2coated fencin6 4ire >p!ain and 1ar1ed?
S&*S 6;6 : Reinforced concrete pressure pipes
S&*S ;19 : $!ectric 4e!ded !o4 car1on stee! pipes for a<ueous f!uids
S&*S ;63 :#ot2dip >6a!vani@ed? @inc coatin6s
S&*S 80/ : *ituminous a!uminium paint
S&*S 9/0 : Stee! 1ars for concrete reinforcement
S&*S 9./ : o!3eth3!ene sheet
S&*S 9;8 : Ru11er Aoint rin6s
S&*S 986 : recast reinforced concrete cu!verts
S&*S 10/8 : We!ded stee! fa1ric for concrete reinforcement
S&*S 1083 : &66re6ates from natura! sources
S&*S 1090 : Sand for p!aster and mortar
S&*S 111; : !astic 4rappin6s for the protection of stee! pipe!ines
S&*S 1130 : ,!ass fi1re reinforcin6 materia! for pipe 4rappin6
S&*S 1136 : Co!d2app!ied 1itumen primer for stee! pipe!ine protection
S&*S 113; : #ot2app!ied 1itumen for stee! pipe!ine protection
S&*S 1138 : Co!d2app!ied coa! tar primer for stee! pipe!ine protection
S&*S 1139 : #ot2app!ied coa! tar ename! for stee! pipe!ine protection
S&*S 1189 : +!at and taper stee! 4ashers
S&*S 1/00 : Standardi@ed specification for civi! en6ineerin6 construction
S&*S 1/1; : roduction of painted and po4der2coated stee! pipes
S&*S 1//3 : +i1re2cement pressure pipes and coup!in6s
S&*S 088 : Code of practice for 4e!din6
S&*S 010/ : "he structura! desi6n and insta!!ation of precast concrete pipe!ines
S&*S 01/1 : Cathodic protection of 1uried and su1mer6ed structures
S&*S Method 8.1 : 'i<uid !imit of fines in a66re6ate
S&*S Method 8./ : !astic !imit and p!asticit3 inde: of fines in a66re6ate S&*S Method 8.3 :'inear shrin9a6e of fines in
a66re6ate
S&*S Method 8.3 : 'inear shrin9a6e of fines in a66re6ate
CBS 186 : ,ates0 stee! 4ith tu1u!ar frames
CBS //9 : Chain !in9 4ire fencin6 >diamond mesh?
CBS /88 : Wire mesh for industria! screenin6
CBS /80 : ad!oc9s
*S2C /010 : ipe!ines
*S 183 : Ma!!ea1!e cast iron and cast copper a!!o3 scre4ed pipe fittin6s for steam0 air0 4ater0 6as and oi!
*S 1;80 : Wrou6ht stee! pipe fittin6s
*S /03. : Cast iron f!an6ed pipes and f!an6ed fittin6s
*S /633 : C!ass - arc 4e!din6 of ferritic stee! pipe 4or9 for carr3in6 f!uids
*S /81. : Compressed as1estos fi1re Aointin6
*S 3188 : Methods of tests for 4ater for ma9in6 concrete
*S 8.08 : +!an6es and 1o!tin6 for pipes0 va!ves and fittin6s
*S ..00 : )nfired fusion 4e!ded pressure vesse!s
*S 60;6 : "u1u!ar po!3eth3!ene fi!m for use as protective s!eevin6 for 1uried iron pipes and fittin6s
6
DWS 1110
*S 8010 : ipe!ines
S-S 0..900 : ictoria! surface preparation standards for paintin6 stee! surfaces >S4edish?
&- 1108 : Standard for 4e!din6 pipe!ines and re!ated faci!ities >&merican etro!eum -nstitue?
Res//)8 : amph!et: re!iminar3 -nformation >She!! Chemica!s )B 'td?
&ct 8./1993 : %ccupationa! #ea!th and Safet3 act >as amended?
&ct /6/19.6 :$:p!osives act and re6u!ations >as amended?
&ct 103/19;; : (ationa! 1ui!din6 re6u!ations and 1ui!din6 standards
2 7Desi6n for un1a!anced thrust for 1uried 4ater conduits7 13 C5&5 Man6anaro >Cour5 &WW&0 Cune
1968?
27 #arnessed Aoints for 4ater pipe 13 C5&5 Man6anaro >Cour5 &WW&0 Cu!3 1969?
-S% ;00. : Meta!ic f!an6es
3. MATERIALS
3.1 Pipes and fittings
35151 Stee! pipes0 specia!s and coup!in6s
3515151 Stee! pipes0 specia!s and f!e:i1!e coup!in6s sha!! conform to the 7Department of Water &ffairs7 Standard Specification DWS11305
351515/ 'inin6s and coatin6s to stee! pipes and specia!s sha!! conform to the 7Department of Water &ffairs7 Standard Specification
DWS11315
3515/ restressed concrete pipes and specia!s
3515/51 (on2c3!inder t3pe prestressed concrete pipes and specia!s sha!! conform to the 7Department of Water &ffairs7 Standard
Specification 7C2(75
3515/5/ $m1edded stee!2c3!inder t3pe and !ined stee!2c3!inder t3pe prestressed concrete pipes and specia!s sha!! conform to the
7Department of Water &ffairs7 Standard Specification 7C2C75
35153 Reinforced concrete pipes
Reinforced concrete pressure pipes sha!! conform to S&*S 6;65
35158 +i1re2cement pipes and fittin6s
3515851 +i1re2cement pressure pipes and coup!in6s sha!! conform to S&*S 1//35
351585/ Cast iron fittin6s sha!! conform to S&*S .865
3515. ,a!vani@ed stee! pipes and fittin6s
3515.51 ,a!vani@ed stee! pipes sha!! conform to S&*S 6/0 medium and heav3 thic9nesses5
3515.5/ Stee! fittin6s sha!! 1e 6a!vani@ed heav3 4ei6ht fittin6s and sha!! conform to
*S 1;80 in app!ications 4here pressures e:ceed 108 Ma5 +or pressures 108 Ma or !o4er0 6a!vani@ed ma!!ea1!e iron fittin6s to
*S 183 and/or S&*S .09 4i!! 1e accepta1!e5
35156 Cast2iron pipes and fittin6s
Cast2iron pipes and fittin6s sha!! 1e f!an6ed and sha!! conform to *S /03.5
3515; o!3eth3!ene pipes
o!3eth3!ene pipes sha!! conform to S&*S .335
35158 +!an6es
$:cept 4here specified to the contrar3 e!se4here in the documents0 a!! f!an6es sha!! 1e stee!2p!ate for 4e!din6 and sha!! conform
to *S 8.085 Shou!d the re<uired f!an6e si@e fa!! 1e3ond the ran6e of *S 8.080 matin6 dimensions sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith
-S% standard ;00. 4ith thic9nesses ade<uate to 4ithstand c!osed 2 end test pressure5 +!an6es of 1/. mm (* and !ar6er sha!!
have a minimum pressure ratin6 of 1 Ma0 4ith f!at Aoint faces machine finished to a rou6hness va!ue of 1/0. micrometres and
4ith 4e!d preparations in accordance 4ith *S /6330 fi65 39 or 805 We!d preparation in accordance 4ith fi65 81 sha!! 1e
accepta1!e for f!an6es 100 mm (* and sma!!er5
7
DWS 1110
35159 *o!ts0 nuts and 4ashers
3515951 *o!ts and nuts sha!! conform to S&*S 13. or S&*S 1365 *o!ts sha!! 1e of sufficient !en6th for at !east t4o scre4 threads to
protrude from the nut 4hen assem1!ies are fu!!3 ti6htened5
351595/ Washers sha!! 1e of appropriate materia! and dimensions sha!! conform to S&*S 11895
351510 ,as9ets
,as9ets for f!an6ed Aoints sha!! 1e of compressed as1estos fi1re to *S /81. ,rade 7&7 and fu!! faced 4ith a minimum thic9ness
of 3 mm5 +or pressures up to and inc!udin6 106 Ma c!oth2inserted ru11er ma3 1e used5
3.2 Valves
35/51 Da!ves sha!! conform to the 7Department of Water &ffairs7 Standard Specification DWS /.105
35/5/ Stop coc9s sha!! 1e 1rass or 6unmeta! heav3 pattern scre4do4n t3pes conformin6 to S&*S //65
3.3 Water meters
35351 Water meters at off2ta9es sha!! 1e capa1!e of meterin6 f!o4 4ithin an accurac3 of /E of true f!o4 over rated f!o4 ran6es5
"urndo4n ratios sha!! not 1e !ess than 1:10 for sin6!e meters and 1:/0 for compound meters5
3535/ $ach meter sha!! 1e insta!!ed comp!ete 4ith strainers or dirt traps on the upstream side5
35353 Meters of 80 mm si@e and sma!!er sha!! 1e rotar3 piston t3pe domestic meters 4ith inte6rators ca!i1rated in cu1ic metres5
-nte6rators sha!! have at !east seven effective c3c!ometer di6its5
35358 Meters !ar6er than 80 mm sha!! 1e 7Spar!in67 or simi!ar t3pe rotar3 meters 4ith interchan6ea1!e mechanisms5 Meters sha!! 1e
supp!ied comp!ete 4ith one spare mechanism for ever3 five or part of five meters of simi!ar si@e and ratin65 -nte6rators sha!! 1e
ca!i1rated in cu1ic metres 4ith at !east seven effective c3c!ometer di6its5
3.4 Lining and coating materials
Materia!s0 other than concrete0 for the !inin6 and/or coatin6 of pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s sha!! conform to the fo!!o4in6:
35851 #ot app!ied 1itumen 2 S&*S 113;
3585/ Co!d app!ied 1itumen primer 2 S&*S 1136
35853 #ot app!ied coa! tar ename! 2 S&*S 1139
35858 Co!d app!ied coa! tar primer 2 S&*S 1138
3585. ,!ass fi1re reinforcin6 materia! for pipe 4rappin6 2 S&*S 1130
35856 !astic tape 4rappin6 2 S&*S 111;
3585; *ituminous a!uminium paint 2 S&*S 80/
35858 Cut21ac9 1itumen 2 S&*S 308
35859 $po:3 2 S&*S 1/1;
358510 ,a!vani@in6
#ot dip @inc coat in6s sha!! conform to S&*S ;635
3.5 Polyethylene sheets
o!3eth3!ene sheets sha!! conform to S&*S 9./5
3.6 Precast reinforced concrete culverts
recast reinforced concrete cu!verts sha!! conform either to S&*S 9860 c!ass 7C7 !oadin6 or to S&"S c!ass 1 !oadin65
3. !ast"iron mnahole covers and frames
8
DWS 1110
Cast2iron manho!e covers and frames sha!! conform to S&*S ..85
3.# $encing materials and gates
35851 Droppers and posts sha!! conform to S&*S /80 and S&*S 8.;5
3585/ ,a!vani@ed 4ire sha!! conform to S&*S 6;.5
35853 We!d mesh sha!! conform to CBS /885
35858 Diamond mesh sha!! 1e 6a!vani@ed and sha!! conform to the re<uirements of CBS //95
3585. "u1u!ar stee! 6ates sha!! conform to the re<uirements of CBS 1865
35856 ad!oc9s sha!! conform to the re<uirements of CBS /80 and sha!! 1e supp!ied 4ith 10 master 9e3s5
3.% !ement
35951 Cement sha!! 1e norma! or rapid hardeni6 ort!and cement conformin6 to S&*S 8;1 or sha!! 1e ort!and 1!astfurnace cement
conformin6 to S&*S 6/6 and containin6 at !east .0E ort!and cement 13 mass5
3595/ "he a!9a!i content of ort!and Cement 4hen e:pressed as sodium o:ide >(a/%? e<uiva!ent sha!! not 1e 6reater than 006E 13
mass of cement determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method ..1 or an3 other reduced va!ue as determined 13 the $n6ineer0
4here:
E 5 (a/% e<uiva!ent F E (a/% G >006.8 : EB/%?
35953 &!! cement sha!! 1e fresh and sha!! 1e used strict!3 in order of de!iver35 &!! cement in stora6e for !on6er than 10 4ee9s and a!!
cement in unsea!ed poc9ets sha!! 1e removed from stora6e and 1e discarded5
35958 Cement sha!! 1e stored in 4eather2proof and damp2proof si!os or sheds5
3.1& 'ggregates for concrete and mortar
351051 &66re6ates used in the manufacture of concrete sha!! conform to S&*S 10835
35105/ "he a66re6ates sha!! 1e eva!uated for potentia! a!9a!i reactivit3 usin6 a method for testin6 deve!oped 13 CS-R0 i5e 7&n acce!erated
method for testin6 the potentia! a!9a!i reactivit3 of si!icesus a66re6ates7 13 R5$5 %1erho!ster and ,5 Davis0 pu1!ished in 7Cement
and Concrete Research7 Do!5 160 pp 181 2 1890 198655
351053 "he ch!oride content of the sand determined 13 S&*S Method 830 sha!! not e:ceed 0001E per mass5
351058 Coarse a66re6ate sha!! 1e suita1!e for concrete su1Aect to surface a1rasion0 sha!! 1e of 6radin6 cate6or3 1 and of the !ar6est
possi1!e si@e that 4ou!d a!!o4 p!acement of concrete 4ithout difficu!t35
35105. Sand for mortar or p!aster sha!! conform to S&*S 10905
3.11 Water for concrete and mortar
351151 Water used for concrete0 mortar0 p!aster or cement s!urr3 sha!! 1e c!ean and free from inAurious amounts of oi!0 acid0 a!9a!is0
ve6eta1!e and minera! matter5
35115/ Water sha!! 6enera!!3 conform to the recommendations in the appendi: to *S 31885
3.12 !oncrete
351/51 Concrete sha!! 1e a homo6eneous mi:ture of cement0 4ater0 sand and coarse a66re6ate and sha!! 1e mi:ed0 p!aced0 cured and
tested in accordance 4ith section 7,&7 S&*S 1/005
351/5/ Concrete sha!! have the fo!!o4in6 minimum compressive stren6ths at /8 da3s0 un!ess other4ise specified5
351/5/51 Reinforced concrete 2 /.00 Ma
351/5/5/ Mass concrete 2 1800 Ma
3.13 $orm(or)
+orm4or9 sha!! conform to the re<uirements of section 7,&7 S&*S 1/005
DWS 1110
3.14 !oncrete reinforcement
351851 *ar reinforcement sha!! conform to S&*S 9/05
35185/ We!ded stee! fa1ric reinforcement sha!! conform to S&*S 10/85
3.15 *ric)s
*ui!din6 1ric9s and 1!oc9s sha!! conform to S&*S //;5
3.16 *ac)fill material
351651 ,enera!
Materia! for 1eddin6 of pipes and for se!ected 1ac9fi!! around pipes sha!! 1e free from ve6eta1!e matter and hard0 sharp and f!a9e3
partic!es or other materia!s harmfu! to the pipes or to the protective coatin6s of pipes5
35165/ *eddin6 materia! sha!! 1e either of the fo!!o4in6 t3pe:
35165/51 "3pe &: +ine!3 6raded0 composed of materia! 4ith the fo!!o4in6 properties:
>i? ercenta6e 13 mass passin6: 80;. mm screen 2 100E
008/. mm screen 2 80 to 100E
0000/ mm screen 2 0 to 8.E
>ii? 'i<uid !imit >''? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8.1 sha!! not 1e more than 30E0 4hen performed on a!!
the materia! passin6 the 008/. mm sieve5
>iii? !asticit3 inde: >-? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8./ sha!! not 1e more than 1.0 4hen performed on
a!! the materia! passin6 the 008/. mm sieve5
>iv? 'inear shrin9a6e >'S? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8.3 sha!! not e:ceed .E0 4hen performed on
35165/5/ "3pe *: Medium 6raded0 composed of materia! 4ith the fo!!o4in6 properties5
>i? ercenta6e 13 mass passin6: 80;. mm screen 2 80 to 100E
008/. mm screen 2 60 to 80E
0000/ mm screen 2 0 to 80E
>ii? 'i<uid !imit >''? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8.1 sha!! not 1e more than 3.E0 4hen performed on a!!
>iii? !asticit3 -nde: >-? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8./ sha!! not 1e more than 180 4hen performed on
>iv? 'inear shrin9a6e >'S? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8.3 sha!! not e:ceed ;0.E0 4hen performed
on a!! the materia! passin6 the 008/. mm sieve5
35165/53 "3pe C: ,ranu!ar0 composed of materia! 4ith the fo!!o4in6 properties:
>i? ercenta6e 13 mass passin6: 90. mm screen 2 100E
80;. mm screen 2 ;0 to 100E
008/. mm screen 2 30 to 60E
0000/ mm screen 2 0 to 3.E
>ii? 'i<uid !imit >''? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8.1 sha!! not 1e more than 80E0 4hen performed on a!!
>iii? !asticit3 inde: >-? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8./ sha!! not 1e more than /00 4hen performed on
>iv? 'inear shrin9a6e >'S? as determined in accordance 4ith S&*S Method 8.3 sha!! not e:ceed 10E0 4hen performed
on a!! the materia! passin6 the 008/. mm sieve5
1!
DWS 1110
351653 -tems - 35165/51 to 35165/53 are convenient!3 summari@ed in the fo!!o4in6 ta1!e:
$RC$("&,$ *H M&SS &SS-(, SCR$$(S &""$R*$R, '-M-"S S#&'' (%"
$IC$$D
M&"$R-&'/"H$ 90.mm 80;.mm 008/.mm 0000/mm '-J)-D
'-M-"
'&S"-C-"H
-(D$I
'-($&R
S#R-(B&,$
>''?E >-? >'S?E
+ine!3 6raded & 100 100 802100 028. 30 1. .
Medium 6raded * 100 802100 60280 0280 3. 18 ;0.
,ranu!ar C 100 ;02122 30260 023. 80 /0 10
351658 Se!ected 1ac9fi!!
35165851 +or pipe!ines 4ith or6anic coatin6s or for fi1re2cement pipe!ines0 se!ected 1ac9fi!! sha!! conform to the re<uirements of C!auses
35165/ to 3516535
3516585/ +or pipe!ines 4ith concrete coatin6s0 materia! for se!ected 1ac9fi!! sha!! 1e capa1!e of passin6 a ;. mm screen0 provided that at
!east si:t3 percent >60E? 13 mass of an3 samp!e of the materia! sha!! meet the re<uirements of C!auses 35165/ and 3516535
3.1 +torage, handling and transport of pipes, specials and fittings
351;51 ,enera!
351;5151 -n stora6e case 4here the supp!3 and de!iver3 of pipes0 specia!s0 fittin6s0 va!ves0 other materia!s and e<uipment are not inc!uded
in the pipe!ine construction contract0 the Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for:
351;515151 "he stora6e care and insurance of pipes0 specia!s0 fittin6s0 va!ves and other materia!s and e<uipment supp!ied under separate
contracts as soon as these have 1een de!ivered to site5
351;51515/ "he receipt0 provision of cranea6e and !a1our for the off2!oadin6 of va!ves0 materia!s and e<uipment >e:c!udin6 pipes0 specia!s
and fittin6s? at the store or a!on6side the pipe!ine trench5
351;515153 "he provision of suita1!e access a!on6 the pipe!ine route and 4ithin the pipe!ine servitude for the purpose of off2!oadin6 pipes0
va!ves0 etc5 and inc!udin6:
>a? *enchin6 a!on6 mi!d side s!opes5
>1? #and!in6 and strin6in6 of pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s at ver3 steep inc!ines 4here the pipe supp!ier 4i!! stac9 the pipes0
specia!s and fittin6s either at the top or the 1ottom of these inc!ines5
"he pipe supp!3 contractor 4i!! 1e responsi1!e for the off2!oadin6 of pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s on site5
351;515158 Wherever suita1!e access to the pipe!ine servitude is not avai!a1!e0 the Contractor sha!! provide and maintain access as
instructed 13 the $n6ineer5
351;515/ "he $n6ineer sha!! 1e afforded ever3 opportunit3 of inspectin6 such materia!s on their arriva! at Site prior to them 1ein6 off2
!oaded5 -f their condition is unaccepta1!e to the $n6ineer on arriva!0 the Contractor sha!! remove them forth4ith from the Site and
rep!ace such materia!s at his o4n cost and to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer5
351;5153 Spare pipes sha!! 1e stac9ed 4here indicated 13 the $n6ineer and the ref!ective coatin60 as per C!ause 856 of the 7'C7
Specification0 sha!! 1e touched up5
351;5/ "ransport
ipes and specia!s sha!! on!3 1e transported on proper!3 constructed or adapted vehic!es containin6 correct!3 shaped and padded
crad!es or 4ith stron60 sa4dust fi!!ed 1a6s separatin6 pipes and vehic!e 1od3 as 4e!! as individua! pipes from each other5 Specia!
care sha!! 1e ta9en 4ith the transport of a!! coated stee! pipes as dama6ed coatin6s mi6ht 1e su1Aect to reAection in terms of
C!ause 351;515/5
351;53 #and!in6
351;5351 ipes0 specia!s and fittin6s sha!! not 1e su1Aected to rou6h hand!in6 at an3 time5 )nder no circumstances sha!! same 1e dropped
durin6 !oadin6 or off2!oadin6 or 1e a!!o4ed to co!!ide 4ith each other5
351;535/ Coated stee! pipes sha!! on!3 1e !ifted 13 means of 1road 1and s!in6s at !east .00 mm 4ide for pipes up to .00 mm (* and 1 000
mm 4ide for !ar6er pipes0 or as approved 13 the $n6ineer5
351;5353 Concrete0 cement2mortar !ined stee! or fi1re2cement pipes sha!! on!3 1e !ifted 13 means of approved !iftin6 1eams 4ith at !east t4o
s!in6s5
11
DWS 1110
351;58 Stora6e
351;5851 ipes sha!! 6enera!!3 1e distri1uted and stored as c!ose as possi1!e to the !a3in6 position in order to minimise dou1!e hand!in65
Where pipes are strun6 a!on6side the trench0 the3 shou!d 1e p!aced on the side a4a3 from e:cavated materia!5
351;585/ Where pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s are to 1e stoc9pi!ed in 1u!9 stora6e 3ards0 the Contractor sha!! ma9e his o4n arran6ements for
a suita1!e area 4hich sha!! meet 4ith the $n6ineerKs approva!5 "he stoc9pi!in6 area sha!! 1e ade<uate!3 fenced and protected 13
a !oc9a1!e 6ate and a 4atchman sha!! 1e maintained at a!! times5
351;5853 ipes and specia!s sha!! 1e strun6 or stoc9pi!ed on !eve!0 4e!! drained 6round in a manner such that the3 4i!! not 1e in contact
4ith the 6round0 tree stumps0 or other sharp o1Aects and a!! ve6etation and other com1usti1!e materia! sha!! 1e comp!ete!3
removed to at !east . metres from the nearest pipe or specia!5
351;5858 Coated stee! pipes sha!! a!4a3s 1e supported on a sufficient num1er of approved soft 1o!sters to prevend dama6e or permanet
deformation of coatin6s5 Coated pipes sha!! not 1e stac9ed more than t4o pipes hi6h0 each !a3er separated 13 1o!sters5
351;585. "he num1er of !a3ers of 1are stee! pipes in a stoc9pi!e sha!! not e:ceed:
1 ;30 : H : t
( F
>D2t?/
Where ( F ermissi1!e num1er of !a3ers
H F Minimum 3ie!d stress of stee! in Ma
t F Wa!! thic9ness in mm
D F %utside diameter in mm
351;5856 Concrete pipes sha!! not 1e stoc9pi!ed more than / metres hi6h 4ith the 1ottom !a3er supported on tim1er runners such that no
part of the pipe is in contact 4ith the 6round5 "im1er runners sha!! 1e spaced at L of pipe !en6th5 ipes havin6 e!!iptica!
reinforcement0 sha!! 1e stoc9pi!ed or strun6 4ith the mar9s indicatin6 the top and the 1ottoms of pipes in the correct position5 -f
concrete pipes are to 1e stoc9pi!ed for !on6er than four 4ee9s0 steps sha!! 1e ta9en to prevent the pipes from dr3in6 out 13 dai!3
spra3in6 of 4ater or the app!ication of an approved mem1rane t3pe curin6 compound to the e:terna! and interna! surfaces5
351;585; +i1re2cement pipes sha!! 1e stac9ed so that the3 are 9ept strai6ht durin6 stora6e5 "he pipes sha!! 1e p!aced on tim1er runners
spaced at 1/. pipe !en6th to 9eep them c!ear of the 6round5 ipes up to 1.0 mm (* ma3 1e stac9ed in a nestin6 p3ramid0 4ith
the outside pipes of the 1ottom !a3er retained in position 13 4ooden pe6s driven into the 6round5 'ar6er diameter pipes ma3 1e
stac9ed either in a nestin6 p3ramid0 or in prismatic form 4here13 each su1se<uent !a3er of pipes is !aid upon its o4n pair of
tim1er runners5 "he end pipes of each !a3er sha!! 1e retained in position 13 4ooden 4ed6es nai!ed onto the ends of runners5 (o
stoc9pi!e sha!! ho4ever e:ceed / metres in hei6ht5
351;5858 $ach c!ass and si@e of pipe sha!! 1e stored separate!3 in its o4n stoc9pi!e5
351;5859 &!! ru11er rin6s or other materia!s 4hich 4i!! deteriorate under the action of sun!i6ht0 o@one or in!cement 4eather0 sha!! 1e stored
in permanent shade in !oc9a1!e 4eatherproof sheds5 We!din6 and the runnin6 of 4e!din6 machines and e!ectric machiner3 sha!!
not 1e permitted in or near p!aces 4here ru11er or p!astic products are stored and care sha!! 1e ta9en at a!! times to prevent
contamination of these products 13 oi! or other petro!eum derived so!vents5
351;58510 Da!ves sha!! 1e stored in order!3 6roups on prepared f!oors to prevent dama6e0 distortion or corrosion of f!an6es or 4or9in6 parts5
&!! meta! va!ves ma3 1e stored in the open 1ut fu!! protection sha!! 1e afforded to va!ves 4ith non2meta!!ic sea!s or 4or9in6 parts5
)nder no circumstances sha!! va!ves 1e stored in direct contact 4ith the 6round5
3.1# -ecords of materials on site
351851 "he Contractor sha!! 9eep and maintain a comp!ete and comprehensive record of each pipe0 specia! and fittin6 de!ivered to Site5
"he record sha!! at !east denote the reference num1er0 si@e0 pressure c!ass0 !ocation in the pipe!ine0 date and condition of de!iver3
and the !ocation of de!iver3 and the !ocation of stora6e5 Copies of the record sha!! 1e su1mitted to the $n6ineer at the end of
each month or 4henever re<uested 13 the $n6ineer5
35185/ Where pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s are de!ivered 4ithout reference num1ers0 same sha!! 1e provided 13 stenci!!in60 !a1e!!in6 or
other methods approved 13 the $n6ineer5
3.1% -epairs
351951 "he Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for the repair of a!! defects in pipes0 specia!s etc0 de!ivered to and accepted on site0 provided
a!4a3s that no repairs sha!! 1e permitted on prestressed or reinforced concrete pipes and specia!s 4ithout the $n6ineerKs prior
approva!5
35195/ "he Contractor sha!! inspect the coatin6s and !inin6s of a!! factor3 coated and !ined stee! pipes and specia!s as fo!!o4s:
>i? $po:3: Sha!! 1e inspected in accordance 4ith S&*S 1/1;5
>ii? %r6anic coatin6s >1itumen0 coa! tar0 etc?: Sha!! 1e inspected 4ith an approved ho!ida3 detector e<uiped 4ith ro!!in6
sprin6 or copper 1rist!e 1rush e!ectrode operatin6 at 1. 9D at a nomina! pu!se pre<uenc3 of 30 #@5
>iii? "ape 4rappin6s: "his sha!! 1e the same as for the or6anic coatin6s a1ove e:cept that the operatin6 vo!ta6e sha!! not 1e
!ess than .0E of the stated 1rea9do4n vo!ta6e of the tape 1ein6 used and shou!d not 1e more than 80E thereof5
12
DWS 1110
&reas 4hich cannot 1e tested 4hi!st pipes are supported on crad!es or other4ise0 sha!! 1e tested 4hi!st pipe is suspended a1ove
the trench immediate!3 prior to !a3in65 Defective areas of !inin6s and coatin6s sha!! 1e mar9ed 4hen detected and sha!! 1e
repaired0 to the $n6ineerKs approva!0 4ith materia!s specified respective!3 for the ori6ina! and/or coatin65 Repaired !inin6s and
coatin6s sha!! 1e inspected and re2tested after repair and sha!! have the same properties as specified for the ori6ina! ones5
351953 Repairs to dented stee! pipes and specia!s sha!! on!3 1e attempted if the dimensions 1et4een the !o4est point of a dent and the
ori6ina! pipe contour is !ess than /E of the outside diameter of the pipe or specia! for pipes and specia!s up to ..808 mm %D and
1E of the outside diameter for !ar6er pipes and specia!s5 Repair of these minor dents sha!! 1e done as approved 13 the $n6ineer
and a!! such reparis sha!! 1e tested 13 the app!ication of a d3e penetrant to detect crac9s or !aminations in the meta!5
351958 Dents in stee! pipes or specia!s of 4hich the depth e:ceed the a1ove !imits and an3 dents 4hich contain scratches or 6rooves or
4hich affect the curvature of pipe 1arre!s at 4e!ds sha!! 1e cut out 13 cuttin6 of a !en6th of pipe 1arre! !on6 enou6h to e!iminate
the defect5 Dama6ed sections sha!! 1e rep!aced in accordance 4ith the $n6ineerKs instructions5 "he ends of pipes intended for
fie!d 4e!din6 sha!! 1e rechamfered to 30M G .M 4ith 4idth of root face 106 mm G 008 mm5
35195. &!! fi1re2cement pipes 4ith crac9s in the pipe 1od3 or chipped ends 4hich e:tend further than /0 mm into the pipe 1od30
measured from the ori6ina! pipe end0 sha!! 1e reAected5 Where instructed 13 the $n6ineer0 the e:terior surfaces of fi1re2cement
pipes sha!! 1e 4iped 4ith 4et ra6 to faci!itate the detection of hair crac9s5
351956 Concrete pipes sha!! 1e free from structura! crac9s and there sha!! 1e no chips that 4ou!d 1e detrimenta! to the performance of
the pipe5
3.2& .aintenance of cleanliness
35/051 $nd covers to pipes and specia!s sha!! 1e 9ept firm!3 in position unti! insta!!ation of same in the trench5
35/05/ "he interior surfaces of a!! pipes0 specia!s0 va!ves and fittin6s sha!! at a!! times 1e 9ept free from dust0 si!t0 forei6n matter and
access for rodents0 anima!s and 1irds sha!! 1e prevented5 ipes and specia!s sha!! not 1e used as she!ters 13 staff or for the
stora6e of 6arments0 too!s0 materia!s0 food containers or simi!ar 6oods5 articu!ar care sha!! 1e e:ercised at a!! times to prevent
facae! contamination of pipe interiors 13 staff0 casua! visitors or passers135
4. DESIGN AND SETTING OUT
4.1 /esign
85151 ,enera!
"he detai!ed desi6n of the pipe!ine sha!! either 1e the responsi1i!it3 of the $n6ineer0 or sha!! 1e the responsi1i!it3 of the
Contractor5 %n!3 one of the t4o a!ternatives sha!! app!3 to an3 one contract as indicated in the roAect Specification5
8515/ Desi6n 13 Contractor
8515/51 "he "ender dra4in6s sho4 the a!i6nment of the pipe!ine0 an appro:imate profi!e0 pipe and va!ve si@es0 6eo!o6ica! data and
pressure c!assification0 appro:imate !ocations of va!ves0 fittin6s and specia!s and the 6enera! topo6raphica! features a!on6 the
pipe!ine route5 &!so inc!uded are t3pe desi6ns for rai!0 road and river crossin6s and misce!!aneous pipe!ine structures5 "he
Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for detai!ed surve3s and the preparation of detai!ed 4or9in6 dra4in6s comprisin6 the fo!!o4in6:
Detai!ed profi!e dra4in6s sho4in6 c!ear!3 the e:act pipe!ine !eve!s and 6rades0 the e:act !ocation of va!ves0 fittin6s and specia!s0
the !ocation of a!! rai!4a3s0 roads and/or other service and uti!it3 insta!!ations crossed 13 the pipe!ine0 the !ocation of rivers0
streams0 propert3 1oundaries 4ith tit!e description and other topo6raphica! features5 +u!!3 detai!ed and dimensioned 4or9in6
dra4in6s sho4in6 the structura! detai!s and !a3outs of rai!0 road and river crossin6s and a!! other pipe!ine structures5
8515/5/ Dra4in6s sha!! 1e on si@e &1 standard sheets 4ith /0. mm minimum si@e !etterin6 and sha!! 1e to a sca!e not sma!!er than that of
the "ender dra4in6s5 "he dra4in6s sha!! 6enera!!3 conform to the standard and !a3out of the "ender dra4in6s5
8515/53 Wor9in6 dra4in6s sha!! 1e su1mitted for the $n6ineerKs approva! in <uadrup!icate and in the fo!!o4in6 manner:
>a? Rai! and road crossin6s 2 .0 4or9in6 da3s 1efore construction is due to commence5
>1? &!! other dra4in6s 2 /. 4or9in6 da3s 1efore construction is due to commence5
8515/58 Wor9in6 dra4in6s for anchor and thrust 1!oc9s0 cast2in2situ 1o: cu!verts and maAor pipe!ine structures sha!! 1e accompanied 13
ca!cu!ation sheets settin6 out in a c!ear and !o6ica! manner the assumptions0 desi6n parameters0 computations of !oadin6s and
structura! computations of same5
8515/5. "he $n6ineer sha!! chec9 a!! dra4in6s and ca!cu!ations and ma3 instruct an3 dra4in6s or ca!cu!ations to 1e a!tered or corrected
and the Contractor sha!! do so at his o4n e:pense and re2su1mit dra4in6s and ca!cu!ations for approva!5
8515/56 %n approva! of dra4in6s0 dup!icate copies of dra4in6s and/or ca!cu!ations 4ith the $n6ineerKs si6nature of approva! sha!! 1e
returned to the Contractor5 (o construction 4or9 sha!! commence 1efore the ContractorKs site staff is in possession of re!evant
approved dra4in6s5
85153 ,enera! desi6n criteria
13
DWS 1110
8515351 ipe!ines sha!! 1e !aid in strai6ht !ines or 6rades 1et4een chan6es of direction or 6rades5 "he pipe 6rade sha!! fo!!o4 the 6enera!
confi6uration of the 6round and sha!! not 1e f!atter than 1:.005 "he fo!!o4in6 minimum depths of cover to natura! 6round !eve!
over the cro4n of the pipe sha!! 1e maintained:
'%C&"-%( M-(-M)M D$"# %+ C%D$R %D$R CR%W(
%+ -$ -( mm
Cu!tivated 6round 900
De!d ;.0
"hrou6h to4ns and 1ui!t2up areas 900
)ncu!tivated 6round 4ith sha!!o4 roc9 600N
N Su1Aect to the $n6ineerKs approva!
851535/ Where trench depths e:ceed the e:terna! !oad capacit3 of pipes the 1eddin6 sha!! 1e se!ected in accordance 4ith S&*S 1/00 '*
and the e:terna! !oads ca!cu!ated in accordance 4ith S&*S 010/5
8515353 Def!ections in the pipe a:is of 6reater than 1181M0 sha!! on!3 1e made 4ith manufactured 1ends5 Sma!!er def!ections ma3 1e
made as specified hereinafter5
8515358 Computations and desi6n of anchor and thrust 1!oc9s sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith 7Desi6n for )n1a!anced "hrust for *uried
Water Conduits7 13 C5&5 Man6anaro0 pu1!ished in Courna! of &merican Water Wor9s &ssociation0 Cune 19685 (umerica! va!ues
for shear 7O7 >6ranu!ar soi!s?0 for cohesion 7C7 >c!a3s? and unit 4ei6ht 7H7 of soi!s sha!! 1e o1tained 13 testin6 samp!es of soi!s in
an approved !a1orator35 Where these va!ues cannot 1e determined e:perimenta!!30 the3 sha!! 1e ta9en as the fo!!o4in6 4ith units
in the -mperia! s3stem to suit the specified desi6n methods5
"H$ %+ S%-'
-( D$,R$$S
7c7
C%#$S-%( -(
!1s/ft
/
7H7
)(-" W$-,#"
-( !1s/ft
3
Der3 soft and 4et c!a3 0 /00 100
Soft c!a3 and turf 8 800 100
Dr3 and ver3 stiff c!a3 10 1 .00 100
Dr3 sand 38 0 90
C!a3e3 sands 30 800 90
Dense sand and 6rave! 38 1 000 100
851535. Computation and desi6n of harnessed Aoints in an a!!24e!ded pipe!ine sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith 7#arnessed Coints for Water ipe7
13 C5&5 Man6anaro0 pu1!ished in the Courna! of the &merican Water Wor9s &ssociation0 Cu!3 19695
85158 Desi6n 13 $n6ineer
8515851 "he "ender dra4in6s sho4 the a!i6nment of the pipe!ine0 the appro:imate profi!e of the pipe!ine0 pipe and va!ve si@es0 6eo!o6ica!
data and pressure c!assifications0 appro:imate !ocation of va!ves and fittin6s5 &!so inc!uded are t3pe desi6ns for rai!4a30 road and
river crossin6s and misce!!aneous pipe!ine structures5 "he $n6ineer sha!! 1e responsi1!e for detai!ed surve3s and the
preparation of detai!ed 4or9in6 dra4in6s of the pipe!ine and a!! appurtenant structures5
851585/ *efore construction of an3 part or parts of the Wor9s is due to commence in accordance 4ith the ContractorKs detai!ed Wor9s
pro6ramme0 4hich are to 1e su1mitted in terms of the Contract0 the $n6ineer sha!! su1mit dup!icate 4or9in6 dra4in6s of such
part or parts of the Wor9s to the Contractor in terms of C!ause 16 of ,CC 1990 and no construction 4or9 sha!! commence
1efore the detai!ed 4or9in6 dra4in6s are in possession of the ContractorKs site staff5
8515853 (o deviation from 4or9in6 dra4in6s sha!! 1e a!!o4ed 4ithout the $n6ineerKs approva!5 Shou!d the Contractor re<uire deviations or
a!terations to dra4in6s to suit his construction methods or other4ise0 such deviations and a!terations sha!! on!3 1e considered 13
the $n6ineer on the stren6th of detai!ed dra4in6s prepared 13 the Contractor and su1mitted to the $n6ineer in <uadrup!icate at
!east 1. 4or9in6 da3s 1efore construction invo!vin6 such deviations or a!terations is due to commence5 C!auses 8515/5/0 8515/580
8515/5. and 8515/56 of this specification sha!! app!3 4here re!evant5 "he cost of surve3s0 preparation and su1mission of such
dra4in6s and a!! de!a3s in comp!etion of the Wor9s resu!tin6 from such deviations or a!terations sha!! 1e to the ContractorKs
account5
4.2 +etting out
85/51 "he ContractorKs responsi1i!it3 for the settin6 out of the Wor9s is detai!ed in C!ause 1; of the ,enera! Conditions of Contract5
85/5/ Settin6 out of the Wor9s sha!! 1e performed 13 an e:perienced $n6ineerin6 Surve3or and sha!! 1e to the fo!!o4in6 !imits of
accurac3:
>a? ipe centre!ine
Sha!! 1e in strai6ht !ines 1et4een chan6es of direction and/or 6rade and sha!! in its fina! !aid position 1e 4ithin 100 mm of
the p!an centre!ine on the approved dra4in6s5
>1? ipe invert !eve!s and 6radients
14
DWS 1110
-n the fina! !aid position0 pipe invert !eve!s sha!! 1e 4ithin G /. mm of the invert !eve!s on approved dra4in6s 1ut
non4ithstandin6 this to!erance0 the same direction of 6rade as per approved dra4in6s sha!! 1e maintained and the 6rade
sha!! not 1e f!atter than 1:.005
>c? ositions of fittin6s0 specia!s and va!ves
+ittin6s0 specia!s and va!ves sha!! 1e insta!!ed 4ithin . m of the p!an position indicated on the approved dra4in6s5
>d? *enchmar9s and trian6u!ation points
&!! !eve!s sha!! 1e reduced !eve!s a1ove mean sea !eve! and sha!! 1e indicated to the nearest 0000. m5 &!! co2ordinates
sha!! 1e 1ased on the app!ica1!e 'o s3stem and sha!! 1e indicated to the nearest 001 m5 'eve!!in6 sha!! 1e carried out to
an accurac3 such that the c!osin6 error 1et4een 1enchmar9s does not e:ceed 0003 times the s<uare root of the distance
traversed in 9i!ometres5
85/53 Settin62out of the Wor9s sha!! a!so inc!ude the fo!!o4in6 duties 4hich sha!! 1e performed and 9ept up to date as pipe!a3in6
pro6resses:
>a? &ccurate determination of as2!aid invert !eve!s of the pipe!ine 1efore 1ac9fi!!in6 commences5
>1? &ccurate fi:in6 13 trian6u!ation of a!! chan6es in direction 1efore 1ac9fi!!in6 commences5
>c? &ccurate determination of e:act as !aid chaina6es of a!! specia!s0 chan6es in direction and/or 6rade0 va!ves0 off2ta9es0
structures0 etc50 ta9en a!on6 the pipe!ine 1efore 1ac9fi!!in6 commences5
>d? "he esta1!ishment of permanent surface 1ench mar9s a!on6 the pipe!ine route at interva!s not e:ceedin6 t4o 9i!ometres
and accurate !eve!!in6 of same5 *ench mar9s to 1e sited 4ithin the pipe!ine servitude 4idth as indicated on the dra4in6s5
>e? "he esta1!ishment of permanent surface trian6u!ation points a!on6 the pipe!ine route at interva!s not e:ceedin6 .
9i!ometres and determination of co2ordinates of same5 "rian6u!ation points to 1e sited 4ithin the pipe!ine servitude 4idth
as indicated on the dra4in6s5
85/58 'eve!s and co2ordinates over an3 section of pipe!ine 1ac9fi!!ed sha!! 1e made avai!a1!e to the $n6ineer on re<uest5
5. ENTRY AND WORK UPON LAND
5.1 0eneral
.5151 "he servitudes avai!a1!e for the construction of pipe!ines0 provides the $mp!o3er 4ith a ri6ht of 4a3 1ut not o4nership of the
6round5
.515/ Servitudes sha!! norma!!3 not 1e permanent!3 fenced off e:cept 4here indicated to the contrar3 in the roAect Specification to the
Contract5
.5153 "he Contractor sha!! confine his activities to the servitude strip e:cept 4here other4ise provided for5 "respassin60 poachin6 of
6ame and 6atherin6 of fire 4ood on propert3 outside the servitude strip sha!! 1e strict!3 for1idden5
.5158 &!! dama6e caused 13 the Contractor0 his staff or a6ents outside the servitude strip sha!! 1e the responsi1i!it3 of the Contractor
4ho sha!! 1e !ia1!e for a!! c!aims in this respect5
.515. rovision has 1een made for the Contractor and the Department to 6ain access from pu1!ic roads to the pipe!ine servitudes via
separate servitutes of access5 "hese are sho4n on the dra4in6s5 "he use of an3 other private roads to 6ain access to the
pipe!ine servitude sha!! on!3 1e 4ith the prior 4ritten approva! of the !ando4ner>s?5 "he Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for a!!
c!aims from the !ando4ner>s? arisin6 out of an3 such a6reement5
15
DWS 1110
.5156 "he issue of the +ina! Certificate in terms of the ,enera! Conditions of Contract sha!! 1e su1Aect to the Contractor producin6 to
the $n6ineer a certificate0 si6ned 13 the !ando4ner or !essee in <uestion that a!! the ContractorKs o1!i6ations to him have 1een
comp!ete!3 dischar6ed in terms of an3 a6reements that ma3 have 1een arran6ed 1et4een the Contractor and the !ando4ner of
!essee or in respect of an3 dama6e to crops0 !and or propert3 caused 13 the ContractorKs activities outside the strip of ri6ht2of2
4a35 -f such certificates are not produced 4ithin 1/ months after the issue of the Comp!etion Certificate in respect of the 4or9s
or an3 part of the 4or9s0 the $mp!o3er reserves the ri6ht to investi6ate an3 a6reements entered into 1et4een the !ando4ner or
!essee in <uestion and the Contractor and an3 c!aim made 13 the !ando4ner or !essee for dama6e outside the strip of ri6ht2of2
4a35 -f the $mp!o3er is satisfied that the Contractor is in defau!t in terms of the contract and an3 private a6reements 4hich he
has made0 a!! Austifia1!e c!aims sha!! 1e paid to the !ando4ner or !essee 13 the $mp!o3er from retention mone3 he!d and deducted
from amount pa3a1!e to the Contractor5
5.2 1ntry upon private land
.5/51 &t !east ; da3s 4ritten notice sha!! 1e 6iven 13 the Contractor to the $n6ineer 1efore enterin6 upon an3 !and to commence
construction5 "he $n6ineer 4i!!0 as far as possi1!e0 arran6e a meetin6 1et4een the $n6ineer0 the Contractor and the !ando4ner
or occupier to inform the !ando4ner or occupier of the pro6ramme of construction0 to ma9e an a6reed record of the state of the
!and and an3 crops and/or improvements 4ithin the re<uired ri6ht of 4a3 and to consider an3 specia! or reasona1!e re<uests of
the !ando4ner or occupier5
5.3 Wor) in to(ns and on areas under control of authorities
.5351 Where the pipe!ine crosses throu6h to4ns or areas contro!!ed 13 the ,overnment0 rovincia! or 'oca! &uthorities0 u1!ic or Semi2
,overnment Corporations or Mine %4ners0 the 4or9 sha!! 1e carried out in accordance 4ith the reasona1!e re<uirements of the
authorities or o4ners 4here these do not contradict the provisions of the contract5
.535/ *efore underta9in6 an3 4or9 in these areas0 the Contractor sha!! contact the authorit3 or o4ner concerned at !east 18 da3s 1efore
commencement of construction0 inspect the route in detai! and fami!iarise himse!f 4ith the re<uirements of the authorit3 or o4ner
in respect of 4or9in6 hours and 4or9in6 conditions5 (o additiona! pa3ment or re!ief from his o1!i6ations in terms of the contract
4i!! 1e made on account of restrictions imposed 13 the authorities or o4ners5
.5353 Construction of the pipe!ine in an3 contro!!ed area sha!! not 1e started 4ithout the 4ritten advice to the authorities or o4ners
concerned that 4or9 is a1out to commence5 (o fe!!in6 of trees0 remova! of crops or demo!ishin6 of 1ui!din6s or other structures
sha!! 1e underta9en 4ithout the approva! of the authorities or o4ners5
5.4 'ccess through fences
.5851 Where e:istin6 fences cross the pipe!ine route0 the fences 4ithin the 4or9in6 area sha!! 1e rep!aced 4ith fences and 6ates usin6
ne4 materia! throu6hout as herinafter specified5
.585/ *efore an3 fence is cut0 the Contractor sha!! erect strainin6 posts of either 100 mm nomina! 1ore stee! tu1in6 or 10 96m21 iron rai!
or creosote impre6nated hard4ood of 1.0 mm minimum diameter in the !ine of the fence on 1oth sides of the pipe!ine to the
4or9in6 4idth re<uired5 "he post sha!! 1e firm!3 concreted into the 6round and sha!! 1e proper!3 strutted or sta3ed to the
satisfaction of the $n6ineer5 "he t3pe of posts and sta3s or struts used sha!! depend on the c!imatic and soi! conditions at the
site and the Contractor sha!! 1e 6uided in his choice of materia!s 13 the t3pe of fencin6 materia! 6enera!!3 in use in the area5
.5853 &s soon as the concrete has hardened sufficient!3 to ta9e the strain0 the 4ire strands of the e:istin6 fence sha!! 1e cut one 13 one
and each individua!!3 secured to the strainin6 posts 1efore proceedin6 to cut further strands so that the tension in the e:istin6
fences is maintained5
.5858 "he Contractor sha!! immediate!3 erect and maintain temporar3 fences and 6ates 1et4een strainin6 posts to the same 6enera!
standard as the e:istin6 fence and in a manner that 4i!! ensure eas3 access a!on6 the pipe!ine route for the Contractor0 the
$n6ineer or his authorised Representatives5
.585. &s soon as construction 4or9 has 1een comp!eted in the vicinit3 of the temporar3 fence and 6ate0 a permanent fence and a 6ate
to the standards hereinafter specified sha!! 1e erected across the pipe!ine servitude5 ermanent 6ates sha!! 1e provided 4ith a
heav3 chain and pad!oc9 of approved <ua!it35 &!! pad!oc9s sha!! 1e simi!ar 4ith dup!icate sets of master 9e3s provided5 "he sets
of 9e3s sha!! 1e handed over to the $n6ineer prior to the issue of the Comp!etion Certificate in respect of that section of pipe!ine5
.5856 +rom the time of occupanc3 of the site unti! the issue of the Comp!etion Certificate the Contractor sha!! ta9e a!! measures for the
protection and contro! of !ivestoc9 etc50 4hich are made necessar3 13 his operations5 'ivestoc9 sha!! not 1e a!!o4ed to stra3
throu6h severed fences or 6ates provided 13 the Contractor5 -f the random movement of stoc9 throu6h an3 such openin6s is not
effective!3 prevented at a!! times0 the $n6ineer sha!! ca!! upon the Contractor to provide a fu!! time 6uard at the ContractorKs
e:pense5
16
DWS 1110
5.5 2emporary fencing of (or)ing areas
.5.51 Where demanded 13 o4ners or instructed 13 the $n6ineer0 the Contractor sha!! fence one or 1oth sides of the pipe!ine servitude
as ma3 1e re<uired to prevent stra3in6 of !ivestoc9 onto the 4or9in6 area durin6 the entire period that e:cavations are open5
.5.5/ -t sha!! 1e incum1ent on the Contractor to esta1!ish the needs of temporar3 fencin65
.5.53 "emporar3 fencin6 sha!! 1e of a standard as hereinafter specified and sha!! 1e maintained to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer and
sha!! 1e removed on!3 4hen in the opinion of the $n6ineer0 the Site is deemed to 1e safe for !ivestoc95
.5.58 "he Contractor sha!! supp!30 insta!! and maintain 6ates of the standard hereinafter specified at such points as instructed 13 the
$n6ineer or reasona1!3 re<uired 13 occupiers or o4ners of propert3 for access across the 4or9in6 area or to parts of the farm
severed 13 temporar3 fences5
5.6 3nterference (ith and reinstatement of e4isting services and (or)s
.5651 "he $n6ineer 4i!! supp!3 the Contractor 4ith such information as he has0 concernin6 o1structions and services 4hich cross the
pipe!ine route5 Whi!st such information is 6iven in 6ood faith0 it sha!! not re!ieve the Contractor of an3 of his !ia1i!ities0 o1!i6ations
and ris9s under the contract5
.565/ *efore commencin6 an3 e:cavation or pipe4or90 the Contractor sha!! verif3 the !ocations and e!evations of a!! 9no4n or suspected
service and uti!it3 insta!!ations such as po4er transmission !ines or ca1!es0 te!ephone !ines or ca1!es0 4ater0 6as0 petro!eum
products and se4er pipes0 access roads0 trac9s or paths0 rai!4a3 !ines0 rai!4a3 sidin6s0 irri6ation or storm4ater reticu!ation0
a6ricu!tura! contours0 natura! draina6e channe!s0 fire a!arms0 !amps or other posts or p3!ons and an3 other service or o1stac!e0
4hether those 1e 1uried0 under 4ater or not5 Derification sha!! 1e 13 inspection of the site0 e:amination of dra4in6s0 consu!tation
4ith !ando4ners0 occupiers and responsi1!e authorities or0 4here necessar30 13 the e:cavation of tria! ho!es5
.5653 "he Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for the cost of immediate repair of an3 dama6e caused to services or uti!it3 insta!!ations and
for an3 !oss or dama6es suffered as a resu!t of the iterruption of an3 service so dama6ed 4hether or not such dama6e is
attri1uta1!e to ne6!i6ence on his part5 &n3 dama6e caused sha!! 1e reported immediate!3 to the $n6ineer5
.5658 "he Contractor sha!! not interfere 4ith an3 service or uti!it3 insta!!ation 4ithout 4ritten approva! of the o4ner0 occupier or
responsi1!e authorit35 "he Contractor sha!! arran6e for the temporar3 continuance of an3 service or uti!it3 insta!!ation 4hich must
1e discontinued0 disconnected0 deviated or removed for the purpose of construction and for the maintenance of such temporar3
measures unti! fina! restoration of the service or uti!it3 insta!!ation5 "he provision of the temporar3 measures sha!! 1e carried out
in such a manner as ma3 1e re<uired 13 the authorit3 or o4ner concerned or as directed 13 the $n6ineer5
.565. "he Contractor sha!! send a!! re<uisite notices to the authorities or persons concerned and sha!! ma9e the necessar3
arran6ements for the maintenance0 discontinuance0 disconnection or remova! of the said insta!!ations5
.5656 -n the case of temporar3 discontinuance of services0 the Contractor sha!! 4arn o4ners0 occupants or responsi1!e authorities of
the impendin6 interference 4ith the service and co2operate 4ith them in order to carr3 out the 4or9 4ith as !itt!e disruption of the
o4nersK0 occupantsK or !oca! authorit3Ks operations as possi1!e and 4hatever temporar3 arran6ements are re<uired to maintain the
service in operation durin6 a!terations sha!! 1e carried out 13 the Contractor5
.565; &s soon as possi1!e0 a!! service and uti!it3 insta!!ations that have 1een interfered 4ith0 sha!! 1e restored to the condition the3 4ere
in 1efore the start of construction under this contract0 or 1etter0 1ut to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer5
6. SITE PREPARATION
6.1 +ite clearing
65151 rior to commencin6 e:cavation the Contractor sha!! c!ear the fu!! 4idth of the permanent pipe!ine servitude of a!! 1ush0 trees0
scru10 ru11!e0 1ou!ders etc and sha!! 4here specifica!!3 indicated in the Schedu!e of Juantities0 demo!ish permanent strutures0
huts0 houses etc situated 4ithin the permanent pipe!ine servitude5
6515/ &!! 1ush0 scru1 and trees sha!! 1e cut do4n and a!! stumps and roots comp!ete!3 removed5 ,rass ho4ever sha!! not 1e removed
indiscriminate!3 as this 4ou!d render the servitude !ia1!e to erosion5 Com1usti1!e materia! removed ma3 1e 1urnt 4ithin the
servitude0 provided care is ta9en to prevent contamination of trench 1ottoms or 1ac9fi!! materia! 4ith charcoa! or other products of
com1ustion and safe6auards a6ainst ve!d fires are ta9en to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer or !ando4ner5
65153 "he $n6ineer ma3 direct that certain trees not 4ithin 3 metres of the pipe!ine and 4hich 4ou!d not interfere 4ith construction0 1e
!eft standin6 and the Contractor sha!! therefore o1tain the $n6ineerKs instruction 1efore removin6 trees 4hich cou!d reasona1!3 1e
!eft standin65 &!! tim1er removed remains the propert3 of the $mp!o3er and the Contractor sha!! dispose of tim1er in a manner as
instructed 13 the $n6ineer5
6.2 2op soil
"op soi! sha!! 1e carefu!!3 stripped over the trench 4idth0 set aside for 1rin6in6 1ac9 after 1ac9fi!!in6 of trenches and rep!acin6
over the top of trenches to restore the 6round to its near as possi1!e ori6ina! condition5
17
DWS 1110
6.3 0eneral levelling
65351 -f0 o4in6 to e:cessive cross2fa!!s0 the Contractor re<uires to carr3 out 6enera! !eve!!in6 4ithin the servitude strip to faci!itate use of
p!ant0 such !eve!!in6 ma3 on!3 1e carried out after strippin6 and settin6 aside of top soi! over the fu!! 4idth of the area to 1e
!eve!!ed5
6535/ &fter comp!etion of the 4or9s0 the 6round sha!!0 at the discretion of the $n6ineer 1e restored to its ori6ina! contour0 top soi!
rep!aced to its ori6ina! depth and the area protected a6ainst erosion to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer5
7. EARTHWORKS
.1 14cavations
;5151 ,enera! re<uirements
&!! e:cavation 4or9 sha!! 1e su1Aect to the re<uirements of the %ccupationa! #ea!th and Safet3 &ct >&ct 8. of 1993 and
amendments?5 "he Contractor sha!! ensure that 4or9in6 conditions are safe and that e:cavations are 9ept free of 4ater at a!!
times5
"he transport0 stora6e0 hand!in6 and use of e:p!osives sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith the $:p!osives &ct and Re6u!ations >&ct /6 of
19.6 and amendments?5 *!astin6 sha!! not 1e carried out 4ithout the approva! of the $n6ineer5 Such approva! sha!! not re!ieve
the Contractor of an3 of his !ia1i!ities0 o1!i6ations or ris9s under the &ct or the Contract5 roper precautions sha!! 1e ta9en to
protect persons0 the 4or9s and the propert3 and the $n6ineer ma3 instruct the use of 1!astin6 mats at the ContractorKs e:pense
over an3 or a!! sections of e:cavations0 4hether in open countr3 or other4ise5 "he Contractor sha!! co!!ect f!3 roc90 if an30
immediate!3 after each 1!ast5 *!astin6 ma3 1e prohi1ited 4here0 in the opinion of the $n6ineer0 inAur3 to persons and/or dama6e
to propert3 and/or service and uti!it3 insta!!ation is !i9e!35
When 1!astin6 4ithin .00 metres of an3 permanent structure0 a1ove or 1e!o4 6round0 inc!udin6 pipe!ines0 1ui!din6s etc5
descri1ed in c!ause 1051;51 and 1051;5/ of the $:p!osives Re6u!ations no5 1608 of the $:p!osives &ct no5 /6 of 19.6 the pea9
partic!e ve!ocit3 as defined in a technica! 1u!!etin 7$:p!osive "oda37 no5 /;0 March 198/ of &$ P C-0 sha!! at no sta6e e:ceed /.
mm/s adAacent to an3 of these structures5 "hese pa9 partic!e ve!ocities sha!! 1e measured 13 an approved Di1rorecorder and
ea9 artic!e De!ocit3 meter for each 1!ast over the fu!! !en6th of 4or9 4hich fa!!s 4ithin the a1ove !imits5 Shou!d 1!astin6 1e
re<uired adAacent to an3 S&"S pipe!ine0 4ritten approva! sha!! 1e o1tained from them to carr3 out such 1!astin65
(o 1!astin6 4i!! 1e a!!o4ed 4ithin S&"S pipe!ine servitudes and the e:cavation and 1ac9fi!!in6 4ithin the servitude sha!! 1e
underta9en 13 hand 4ithout the use of mechanica! or po4er e<uipment5
;515/ C!assification of e:cavated materia!s
;515/51 ,enera!
Materia!s sha!! either 1e c!assified 4ith su12c!assifications of 7soft and pic9a1!e7 and 7roc97 or sha!! 1e unc!assified as 7a!!
materia!s75 %n!3 one of the t4o a!ternatives sha!! 1e app!ica1!e to an3 contract as indicated in the app!ica1!e Schedu!e of
Juantities5
;515/5/ C!assified materia!s
"he $n6ineerKs decision as to in 4hich su12c!assification e:cavated materia!s fa!!0 sha!! 1e fina!5
;515/5/51 7Soft and ic9a1!e75 "his su12c!assification sha!! inc!ude a!! top soi!0 sand0 !oam0 c!a30 6rave!0 pic9a1!e materia!s0 ou9!ip >!aterite?0
shattered or !oose roc90 decomposed or partia!!3 decomposed roc9 and a!! other materia!s 4hich can 1e removed 4ith mechanica!
e<uipment or 13 pic9 and shove!0 4hether this 1e 13 !iftin6 hard !a3ers from underneath or other4ise5 *ou!ders under 003 cu1ic
metre in vo!ume are inc!uded5 "he fact that 1!astin6 or pneumatic percussion too!s or other roc9 1rea9in6 e<uipment ma3 1e a
faster or more convenient method of e:cavatin6 materia! under this su12c!assification sha!! not entit!e the Contractor to c!aim
pa3ment for 7roc97 e:cavation5
;515/5/5/ 7Roc975 "his su12c!assification sha!! inc!ude a!! so!id undecomposed roc90 the practica! e:cavation of 4hich necessitates the use
of e:p!osives0 roc9 sp!ittin6 e<uipment or pneumatic pavement 1rea9ers and roc9 dri!!s5 &!! 1ou!ders !ar6er than 003 cu1ic metre
in vo!ume are inc!uded5
;515/53 )nc!assified materia!s
$:cavations sha!! 1e indicated as e:cavations in 7a!! materia!s7 for 4hich one uniform rate sha!! app!30 re6ard!ess of the nature or
<uantities of actua! materia!s e:cavated5 &n3 data on t3pe or <uantit3 or nature of materia!s 6iven 13 the $n6ineer at time of
tender sha!! 1e for information purposes on!3 and the $n6ineer and the $mp!o3er do not assume an3 responsi1i!it3 or !ia1i!it3 for
the accurac3 of this information5 "he "enderer sha!! satisf3 himse!f as to the 6round condition to 1e encountered5 (o e:tra
pa3ment or c!aim 4i!! 1e a!!o4ed on account of an3 variation in the nature of the 6round condition from that 4hich ma3 have 1een
imp!ied in the tender documents or assumed 13 the "enderer in preparin6 his tender5
;5153 "renches
;515351 "rench 4idths
18
DWS 1110
;51535151 Minimum trench 4idths sha!! 6enera!!3 1e as fo!!o4s:
-$ (%M-(&' *%R$ -( mm W-D"# %+ "R$(C# -( mm
300 and sma!!er
;00 and sma!!er
!ar6er than ;00
D G 300
D G 600
D G 800
Widths of trenches sha!! 1e maintained at the 1ase of the trench and the !aid pipe!ine sha!! 1e !ocated centra!!3 in the trench to
ena1!e 1ac9fi!! to 1e effective!3 rammed 1e!o4 the !o4er ha!f of the pipe on 1oth sides of the pipe5
;5153515/ &t tie2ins on 4e!ded pipe!ines0 trenches sha!! 1e e:cavated to a 4idth of not !ess than 900 mm in e:cess of the minimum 4idths0
to a depth of not !ess than ;.0 mm 1e!o4 pipe invert !eve! and for a !en6th of not !ess than 900 mm centred on the Aoint5 +or
pipe!ines 4ith f!e:i1!e Aoints0 sufficient space sha!! 1e a!!o4ed around Aoints to permit proper ma9in6 and inspection of Aoints5
;51535/ "rench depth
;51535/51 ,enera!
"renches sha!! 1e e:cavated to the 6rades and !eve!s sho4n on the approved dra4in6s and depths sha!! 1e so contro!!ed that a
uniform depth of 1eddin6 underneath the pipe!ine is ensured5
;51535/5/ "rench 1ottoms
;51535/5/51 "renches sha!! 1e e:cavated and trimmed to a depth of not !ess than 1.0 mm 1e!o4 the underside of pipes in the case of 4e!ded
or coup!ed stee! and fi1re2cement pipe!ines and not !ess than /00 mm 1e!o4 the underside of pipes in the case of f!an6ed stee!
pipes or prestressed or reinforced concrete pipes 4ith soc9et2end diameter in e:cess of pipe 1arre! outside diameters5 "hese
depths sha!! 1e maintained for the fu!! 4idth and !en6th of the trench and a!! stones0 roc9s or other proAections trimmed
accordin6!35
;51535/5/5/ "he Contractor sha!! advise the $n6ineer 4henever trench 1ottoms have 1een e:cavated and trimmed and are read3 for
inspection5 (o trench 1ottoms sha!! 1e covered 4ith 1eddin6 materia! or pipes !aid unti! the inspection has 1een carried out and
the trench 1ottoms passed5 +ai!ure of the Contractor to comp!3 4ith this c!ause sha!! render the Contractor !ia1!e to re2open0
uncover and reinstate trench 1ottoms for inspection at the ContractorKs e:pense5
;515353 ro6ress of trenchin6
"rench e:cavation sha!! proceed pro6ressive!3 from each 4or9in6 head and the openin6 of trenches hapha@ard!3 at various
points a!on6 the route 4i!! not 1e permitted 4ithout approva! of the $n6ineer5 -n particu!ar0 the Contractor 4i!! not 1e a!!o4ed to
pass over hard sections of e:cavations to proceed 4ith soft e:cavation at further points a!on6 the trench5 "rench e:cavations
sha!! not 1e carried out further ahead of pipe !a3in6 than is re<uired for efficient 4or9in6 and in no case sha!! this e:ceed .
9i!ometres 4ithout prior approva! of the $n6ineer5 &t the discretion of the $n6ineer this c!ause ma3 1e re!a:ed insofar as road0 rai!
and stream crossin6s are concerned5 Where roc9 e:cavation is continuous0 the Contractor ma3 1e permitted at the $n6ineerKs
discretion to use specia! roc9 e:cavatin6 6an6s further ahead of the main e:cavatin6 6an6s5
;5158 Da!ve cham1ers and thrust 1!oc9s"rench e:cavations sha!! 1e carried strai6ht throu6h and e:cavations 4idened and deepened
4here necessar3 to a!!o4 for the construction of va!ve cham1ers and thrust 1!oc9s5
;515. Spoi! dumps
&!! e:cavated materia! sha!! 1e dumped a!on6 the sides of trenches either separate!3 or in successive !a3ers accordin6 to the
nature of the materia! removed in such a 4a3 that 1ac9fi!!in6 in accordance 4ith the specification ma3 1e faci!itated5 Spoi! dumps
sha!! not unreasona1!3 o1struct the 4or9s0 traffic or draina6e0 and a!! surp!us spoi! not re<uired for 1ac9fi!!in6 and restoration sha!!
1e removed to spoi! dumps durin6 the pro6ress of the 4or95 "he ma:imum 6radient of the su1soi! and spoi! materia! so shaped0
sha!! not e:ceed 1:30 the preferred 6radient 1ein6 1:.5 "hereafter these areas sha!! 1e covered 4ith topsoi! and 6rassed5
1
DWS 1110
.2 *ac)filling
;5/51 ,enera!
;5/5151 "he Contractor sha!! ne6otiate direct!3 4ith !ando4ners or !essees in re6ard to 1orro4 pits for paddin6 or se!ected 1ac9fi!!
materia!5 &!! such sites sha!! 1e su1Aect to the approva! of the $n6ineer5
"he $n6ineer sha!! 1e 9ept fu!!3 informed of a!! ne6otiations that are in pro6ress 1et4een the Contractor and the !ando4ners or
!essees5 -t is essentia! that the Contractor sha!! ma9e prompt pa3ment to !ando4ners or !essees for an3 ro3a!ties for 1orro4 pits
and for an3 a6reed amounts to 1e paid to the !ando4ners or !essees for the use of 1orro4 pits0 access roads0 use of 6round
outside servitudes etc5
;5/515/ -t is desira1!e that trenches sha!! 1e 1ac9fi!!ed as soon as possi1!e after pipe !a3in6 to curtai! therma! movements of the pipe!ine0
dama6e to coatin6s and f!otation of the pipe!ine shou!d the trench fi!! 4ith 4ater5 &t no time sha!! 1ac9fi!!in6 !a6 more than .00
metres 1ehind the !ast pipe !aid5 &!! specified tests on pipe 1arre!s and Aoints sha!! therefore 1e carried out as soon as possi1!e5
;5/5153 "he Contractor ma3 use his discretion as 4hether to 1ac9fi!! around Aoints 1efore the pipe!ine is h3drostatica!!3 tested5 "he
Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for the !ocation and repair of an3 !ea9s on the pipe!ine under h3drostatic test and no e:tra
pa3ment 4i!! 1e made for an3 re2e:cavation and su1se<uent reinstatement 4hich ma3 1e necessar3 to !ocate and remed3 !ea9s
or for the insta!!ation of cathodic protection e<uipment5 Shou!d the Contractor e!ect to !eave Aoint ho!es open unti! after the
h3drostatic test0 he sha!! provide at his o4n e:pense effective and approved 1arricades and fences around each ho!e for the
protection of persons and anima!s5 -n 1ui!t2up areas0 1arricades sha!! 1e c!ear!3 mar9ed at ni6ht time 4ith red 4arnin6 !i6hts5
;5/5/ ipe 1eddin6
;5/5/51 ipe 1eddin6 comprises 1ac9fi!! p!aced and compacted in trench 1ottoms up to the !eve! of pipe sprin6in6 points in a manner
such that pipes are uninform!3 supported over an arc !en6th of 1/0E0 centred on the pipe centre!ine for its fu!! !en6th5
;5/5/5/ !acin6 and compaction of the pipe 1eddin6 sha!! 1e re6arded as the most critica! phase of the 1ac9fi!!in6 operation5 *ac9fi!!in6
1e3ond this point sha!! on!3 proceed after inspection and approva! of the comp!eted 1eddin6 13 the $n6ineer5
;5/5/53 &s soon as possi1!e after trench 1ottoms have 1een passed 13 the $n6ineer0 cross 1erms of compacted 1eddin6 materia! sha!!
1e p!aced over the fu!! 4idth of the trench and of a si@e and spacin6 such that the pipe sha!! 1e supported at the re<uired !eve!
and 6rade 4ithout interference 4ith the p!acement and compaction of the 1a!ance of the 1eddin6 materia!5 "his phase of the
operation sha!! 1e su1Aect to the $n6ineerKs approva! and the Contractor sha!! su1mit a comprehensive method statement to the
$n6ineer for perusa! and approva! 1efore pipe !a3in6 commences5
;5/5/58 *eddin6 materia! sha!! 1e p!aced and compacted even!3 on 1oth sides of the pipe0 compaction to 1e 13 hand or mechanica!
tampin6 or the 1eddin6 ma3 1e p!aced 13 pudd!in6 and compaction 13 means of po9er vi1rators5 "he method adopted sha!! 1e
su1Aect to the $n6ineerKs approva!5 Whatever method is adopted and approved0 6reat care sha!! 1e e:ercised at a!! times to
prevent dama6e to pipe coatin6s or distur1ance of the pipe !eve! and 6rade 13 f!otation or other4ise5 "he top of the comp!eted
1eddin6 sha!! form a !eve! surface comp!ete!3 fi!!in6 the space 1et4een the pipe and trench 4a!!s inc!udin6 an3 cavities that mi6ht
e:ist in the trench 4a!!s5
;5/5/5. -f compaction is 13 hand or mechanica! tampin60 compaction sha!! 1e in !a3ers not e:ceedin6 100 mm measured in the !oose0
4atered to optimum moisture content and compacted to densities as per C!ause ;5/565 "he materia! in the 74ed6es7 formed 13
the curvature of pipe 1ottoms sha!! 1e compacted 13 hand punnin6 hori@onta!!3 and o1!i<ue!35
;5/53 Soft trench 1ottoms
;5/5351 Where trench 1ottoms are too soft and 4ater!o66ed to permit p!acement and compaction of 1eddin6 materia! in the norma!
manner0 such trench 1ottoms sha!! 1e e:cavated to a depth of at !east 300 mm 1e!o4 the underside of pipes and specia!s for the
fu!! 4idth and !en6th of the trench affected5
;5/535/ "he fu!! 4idth and !en6th of the trench 1ottom and at !east .00 mm hei6ht of 1oth sides of trench 4a!!s sha!! 1e covered 13
7*idim7 or simi!ar approved fi!ter c!oth5
;5/5353 "he fu!! 4idth and !en6th of the trench sha!! thereupon 1e covered 13 a 300 mm thic9 !a3er of coarse 6rave!0 coarse sand or 19
mm nomina! si@e crushed stone0 fu!!3 compacted 4ithin the confines of the fi!ter c!oth to ta9e the mass of the pipe fi!!ed 4ith
4ater and a!! !oads on the pipe 4ithout sett!ement5
;5/5358 "he free draina6e !a3er sha!! 1e covered over the fu!! 4idth of the trench 13 a sin6!e !a3er of fi!ter c!oth 4ith the c!oth on trench
4a!!s fo!ded over and over!appin6 to comp!ete!3 sea! off the free draina6e !a3er a6ainst in6ress of sand or fine soi! partic!e5
;5/535. ipes sha!! 1e !aid direct!3 on the 1ed prepared as a1ove and pipe 1eddin6 and se!ected 1ac9fi!! comp!eted as specified5
2!
DWS 1110
;5/58 Se!ected 1ac9fi!!
;5/5851 Se!ected 1ac9fi!! comprises 1ac9fi!! materia! p!aced and compacted in trenches from the top !eve! of comp!eted 1eddin6s up to a
!eve! of 300 mm a1ove the cro4n of pipes5
;5/585/ &s soon as possi1!e after comp!eted 1eddin6s have 1een inspected and accepted 13 the $n6ineer0 se!ected 1ac9fi!! sha!! 1e
p!aced and compacted even!3 on 1oth sides of the pipe0 compaction to 1e 13 pneumatic rammers or vi1rator3 ro!!ers or ma3 1e
p!aced as a h3drau!ic fi!! and compacted 13 po9er vi1rators5 "he method adopted sha!! 1e su1Aect to the $n6ineerKs approva!5
Whatever method is adopted and approved0 6reat care sha!! 1e e:ercised at a!! times to prevent dama6e to pipe coatin6s or
distur1ance of the pipe !eve! or 6rade 13 f!otation or other4ise5
;5/5853 -f compaction is 13 pneumatic rammers or vi1rator3 ro!!ers0 compaction sha!! 1e in !a3ers not e:ceedin6 1.0 mm in the !oose0
4atered to optimum moisture content and compacted to densities as per C!ause ;5/565
;5/5858 "he top surface of the comp!eted se!ected 1ac9fi!! sha!! 1e !eve! over the fu!! 4idth and !en6th of the trench5 "he compacted
se!ected 1ac9fi!! sha!! comp!ete!3 fi!! a!! spaces 1et4een the pipe and trench 4a!!s0 inc!udin6 an3 cavities that mi6ht e:ist in trench
4a!!s5
;5/585. -f se!ected 1ac9fi!! of the re<uired properties is not avai!a1!e for coated stee! pipe!ines0 approved 71!an9et2t3pe7 roc92shie!d havin6
a c!ose fit around the pipe sha!! 1e used su1Aect to the $n6ineerKs approva!5 "he roc92shie!d sha!! at !east 1e 100 mm thic9 and of
the "3pe D 4rap specified in S&*S 111;5 & se!ected 1ac9fi!! consistin6 of materia! passin6 a ;. mm screen 1ut not !ess than
60E 13 mass passin6 a 90. mm screen0 ma3 1e uti!ised in conAunction 4ith the roc9shie!d0 provided the re<uired de6ree of
compaction is maintained5
;5/5856 -f se!ected 1ac9fi!! of the re<uired 6radin6 is avai!a1!e0 1ut 4hich e:ceeds the specified re<uirements in respect of !inear
shrin9a6e0 coated stee! pipes sha!! 4ith the approva! of the $n6ineer0 1e protected 4ith a c!ose fittin6 1!an9et or a spira!!3
4rapped tape 4ith thirt3 percent over!ap0 of po!3eth3!ene of at !east .00 micrometres thic9ness conformin6 to the re<uirements of
S&*S 111;0 "3pe D 4rap5
;5/5. Common 1ac9fi!!
;5/5.51 &fter comp!etion of 1ac9fi!!in6 4ith se!ected 1ac9fi!! materia!0 the remainin6 trench depth sha!! 1e fi!!ed 4ith se!ected 7common
6round7 ori6ina!!3 e:cavated from the trench and 4ith a!! roc9s or 1ou!ders e:ceedin6 1.0 mm nomina! si@e e:c!uded5 "he
1ac9fi!! sha!! 1e p!aced in the trench in !a3ers not e:ceedin6 t4o hundred >/00? mm measured in !oose and each !a3er sha!! 1e
compacted sufficient!3 to a densit3 of at !east 80E of the Modified &&S#"% ma:imum dr3 densit30 to prevent !ater sett!ement5
"he trench sha!! 1e fi!!ed to the !eve! to 4hich the topsoi! 4as ori6ina!!3 separate!3 removed5 "he top of the trench sha!! then 1e
comp!ete!3 fi!!ed 4ith the topsoi! and compacted up to the ori6ina! 6round !eve!5 "he top of the trench ma3 1e mounded to 1.0
mm to provide for sett!ement0 provided natura! draina6e of the 6round is not interfered 4ith5
;5/5.5/ Where 1ac9fi!!in6 is carried out 13 mechanica! p!ant such as 1u!!do@ers0 the method of 4or9in6 sha!! 1e su1Aect to the $n6ineerKs
approva!5 #eav3 p!ant and e<uipment sha!! not 1e a!!o4ed to trave! a!on6 or across the trench5
Suita1!e materia! for 1ac9fi!! sha!! 1e moved from an3 part of the 4or9s 4here there is a surp!us to an3 part 4here there is
deficienc3 or sha!! 1e imported from 1orro4 areas5
;5/5.53 &s soon as trench 1ac9fi!!in6 has 1een comp!eted over an3 portion of the pipe!ine a!! surp!us materia!s and ru11ish sha!! 1e
removed from the site to a dumpin6 site0 approved 13 the $n6ineer5
Where spoi! is to 1e moved outside the free2hau! distance0 the $n6ineerKs authorit3 in 4ritin6 must 1e o1tained5
;5/5.58 recautions sha!! 1e ta9en to ensure that the natura! draina6e of the 6round is not interfered 4ith0 especia!!3 4here fina! 1ac9fi!! is
!eft mounded and a!! necessar3 cross drains sha!! 1e constructed and a6ricu!tura! draina6e 1erms and contours reinstated as
1ac9fi!!in6 pro6resses5 Care sha!! 1e ta9en to prevent erosion of 1ac9fi!! 13 construction of the necessar3 diversion 1an9s and
drains5
;5/5.5. "he Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for sett!ement of 1ac9fi!! and erosion of the site up to the time the contract maintenance
period has e:pired and he sha!! fi!! and !eve! an3 sett!ement and/or erosion from time to time0 as re<uired 13 the $n6ineer and at
the ContractorKs e:pense5
;5/56 Compaction
;5/5651 Where compaction of 1eddin6 materia! or se!ected 1ac9fi!! is specified0 such compaction sha!! 1e to a densit3 of at !east 90E of
the Modified &&S#"% ma:imum dr3 densit35 "he Contractor sha!! determine the ma:imum Modified &&S#"% dr3 densit3 for
ever3 t3pe of materia! used 13 ta9in6 representative samp!es from 1orro4 areas5
;5/565/ "he Contractor sha!! contro! the fie!d compaction densities 4ith a fu!!3 re6istered nuc!ear surface moisture2densit3 6au6e 4hich is
in a proper 4or9in6 order5
"his densit3 6au6e 4ith operator sha!! 1e made avai!a1!e to the $n6ineer for his use if and 4hen re<uired5
;5/5; C!eanin6 of pipe!ine servitude
;5/5;51 &s soon as possi1!e after the common 1ac9fi!!in6 has 1een comp!eted0 the Contractor sha!! c!ean the pipe!ine servitude of a!!
surp!us materia!s and ru11ish5 "he c!eanin6 of the servitude sha!! not !a6 1ehind the pipe !a3in6 operation more than 3 000
metres5 Shou!d this happen the $n6ineer reserves the ri6ht to stop the pipe !a3in6 operation5
21
DWS 1110
. LAYING AND !OINTING OF PIPES AND SPECIALS
#.1 0eneral
85151 ipe!ines sha!! 1e !aid to strai6ht 6rades 1et4een vertica! 1ends and sha!! 1e0 4ithin the specified to!erances0 to the routes and
!eve!s indicated on the approved 4or9in6 dra4in6s5
8515/ ipes sha!! 1e !aid free from co!d stresses5 (o def!ections sha!! 1e ta9en in curvature of pipes0 1ut sha!! 1e ta9en 4ith approved
prefa1ricated 1ends 4ith e:ceptions as hereinafter specified5
85153 &!! def!ections under 6M of the a:is of pipe!ines 4ith f!e:i1!e Aoints ma3 1e made 13 spreadin6 the def!ection over not !ess than .
num1er of Aoints0 provided a!4a3s that the def!ection in an3 one Aoint does not e:ceed those recommended 13 the manufacturer of
the Aoint after a!!o4ance for pipe sett!ement0 heave or other 6round or pipe movements5
85158 &!! def!ection in the a:is of 1utt 4e!ded stee! pipe!ines of under 110/.M or !ess sha!! 1e made 13 scarfin6 e<ua!!3 the ends of the
t4o pipes to 1e Aoined so that the ma:imum scarf in an3 one pipe 4i!! 1e .8.M5 Where the tota! def!ection is 3M or !ess0 the
scarfin6 ma3 1e made in one pipe end on!35 $nds to 1e scarfed sha!! 1e carefu!!3 and accurate!3 mar9ed and then either
machine cut or machine p!aned5 #and p!annin6 sha!! not 1e permitted5 &fter scarfin60 the pipe ends sha!! 1e re2chamfered as
descri1ed in c!ause 851. of S&*S ;195 "he minimum 6ap 1et4een pipe end root faces 1efore 4e!din6 sha!! 1e 10. mm and the
ma:imum 6ap sha!! 1e 300 mm5 &fter scarfin6 a!! pipe ends sha!! 1e thorou6h!3 c!eaned 1efore the fie!d 4e!d is carried out5
8515. $:cept 4here other4ise provided for0 the Contractor sha!! supp!3 a!! 1o!ts0 nuts0 4ashers0 6as9ets and other Aointin6 materia!s for
comp!ete insta!!ation of pipe!ines inc!udin6 a!! specia!s0 fittin6s0 va!ves0 meters etc5
85156 "he to!erances a!!o4a1!e for the insta!!ation of pipes and specia!s sha!! 1e the same as those !aid do4n for the manufacture
thereof5
#.2 +pecials
85/51 +a1rication
85/5151 &!! specia!s sha!! 1e fa1ricated0 !ined and coated 4here app!ica1!e0 in the pipe supp!iers 4or9s 4ith a!! f!an6es and openin6s
protected as specified5
85/515/ $:cept 4here other4ise approved 13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin60 the fo!!o4in6 fie!d 4e!din6 4i!! 1e permittedQ tie2ins0 the attachment
of f!an6es 4here the e:act position and a!i6nment of same are dependent on site conditions e565 c!osure pieces and 1ranches for
air and access tees5 Scour va!ve tees sha!!0 ho4ever0 1e manufactured in the factor350 pre2a!i6ned to the 6radients as indicated
on the dra4in6s5
85/5/ -nsta!!ation
85/5/51 *ends
*ends sha!! 1e insta!!ed true to !ine0 !eve! and def!ection and sha!! 1e anchored in concrete 4here re<uired to counteract thrust5
*ends sha!! norma!!3 1e supp!ied 4ith 7centre p!anes7 mar9ed 4ith t4o sma!! punch mar9s c!ose to 1oth ends of the 1ends to
faci!itate correct positionin6 of the 1ends in !a3in65
85/5/5/ "ees
"ees for air va!ves sha!! 1e insta!!ed 4ith 1ranch 1arre!s vertica!5 "ees for scour va!ves sha!! 1e insta!!ed 4ith 1ranch 1arre!s
hori@onta! or at the 6radients as indicated on the dra4in6s5 "ees for off2ta9es sha!! 1e insta!!ed as sho4n on the dra4in6s5
85/5/53 +!an6es
&!! f!an6es sha!! 1e insta!!ed 4ith 1o!t ho!es off2centre and s3mmetrica!!3 off2set from the vertica! centre !ines of the f!an6e5
+!an6es sha!! 1e insta!!ed tru!3 s<uare to the a:is of the pipe5
85/5/58 -nsu!ated f!an6ed Aoints
-nsu!ated Aoints sha!! 1e provided and insta!!ed 13 the Contractor 4here specified or instructed 13 the $n6ineer5 "he Contractor
sha!! supp!3 a!! materia!s0 !a1our and e<uipment and sha!! comp!ete and prove that each insu!ated Aoint after insta!!ation in the
pipe!ine has a resistance 4e!! in e:cess of the resistance to earth of the pipe!ine on 1oth sides of the insu!atin6 Aoint5
85/5/5. Dismant!in6 Aoints
Dismant!in6 Aoints sha!! 1e insta!!ed 4here indicated on the dra4in6 or instructed 13 the $n6ineer5 "hese 4i!! norma!!3 1e
provided to faci!itate the remova! of va!ves or simi!ar fittin6s from the pipe!ine5 "he Contractor sha!! supp!3 and insta!! dismant!in6
Aoints 4ith due re6ard to their pressure ratin6 and matin6 f!an6es5 "he h3drau!ic pressure restrainin6 tie21o!ts sha!! 1e carefu!!3
insta!!ed to tie the pipe4or9 across the dismant!in6 Aoint5 Dismant!in6 Aoints sha!! 1e 4aterti6ht5
85/5/56 "hrust f!an6es
Where thrust f!an6es are to 1e insta!!ed on site as for anchorin6 pipes on steep s!opes etc5 these f!an6es sha!! 1e supp!ied 13 the
Contractor sp!it in t4o e<ua! se6ments0 undri!!ed 4ith outer perimeter unmachined5
22
DWS 1110
&t the point of insta!!ation of the thrust f!an6e the pipe coatin6 sha!! 1e stripped of the pipe for a distance of 300 mm5 "he f!an6e
se6ments sha!! 1e dou1!e fi!!et 4e!ded to the pipe 1arre! around the fu!! circumference and a!so a!on6 1oth sides of the sp!it 4hich
sha!! 1e chamfered for 4e!din65 &fter 4e!din60 the coatin6 and !inin6 of the pipe sha!! 1e made 6ood5
85/5/5; "emporar3 c!osure pipes
"emporar3 c!osure pieces of the same standard0 diameter and 4a!! thic9ness as the pipe!ine sha!! norma!!3 1e Aointed 4ith f!an6es
and/or f!e:i1!e coup!in6s0 e:cept 4here other4ise specified or instructed 13 the $n6ineer5
85/5/58 &ccess e<ua!2tees
&ccess e<ua!2tees sha!! 1e re<uired 4here 1utt 4e!ded pipe!ines are to 1e !ined in2situ 4ith concrete5 "hese tees sha!! 1e spaced
throu6hout the pipe!ine in accordance 4ith re<uirements of !inin6 operations5 "ees sha!! 1e of the same standard0 diameter and
4a!! thic9ness as the pipe!ine5
85/5/59 Minor connections and off2ta9es
85/5/5951 ,enera!
& considera1!e num1er of sma!! connections for farms and other minor consumers ma3 1e insta!!ed durin6 the !a3in6 of the
pipe!ine 1ut the position of these 4i!! on!3 1e fi:ed on site5 Connections of up to 80 mm nomina! 1ore sha!! 1e permitted to 1e
insta!!ed on site 4ithout the use of prefa1ricated 1ranch tees5 "3pica! assem1!ies of comp!ete minor off2ta9es are sho4n on the
tender dra4in6s and these consist of 1ranches fitted in the pipe!ine0 stop coc9s0 pressure reducin6 and re!ief va!ves0 constant
dischar6e orifices0 4ater meters and strainers and manho!es around va!ves and meters0 a!! in accordance 4ith approved
dra4in6s5 &!! off2ta9es sha!! terminate at pipe!ine servitude 1oundaries5
85/5/595/ Stee! pipe!ines
"he Contractor sha!! strip an area of pipe coatin6 of 300 : 300 mm5 & ho!e of the re<uired si@e sha!! then 1e cut throu6h the pipe
4a!! in the cro4n of the pipe and in the centre of the stripped area5 & standard 1oss 4ith fema!e thread of the re<uired si@e sha!!
1e 4e!ded over the ho!e onto the pipe surface usin6 a fu!! fi!!et 4e!d a!on6 the 1oss perimeter5 &fter remova! of 4e!din6 s!a60 4e!d
spatter and a!! forei6n matter0 the coatin6 and !inin6 sha!! 1e made 6ood5 "he connection sha!! 1e off2set from an3 4e!d in the
pipe 1arre!5 Where the !ocation of the 1oss in re!ation to pipe ends or access tees is such that it 4ou!d 1e difficu!t to ma9e 6ood
!inin6s0 a /00 mm nomina! 1ore off2ta9e tee 4ith f!an6e sha!! 1e 4e!ded onto the pipe 1arre!5 "he standard 1oss sha!! 1e provided
on a 1!an9 f!an6e and the assem1!3 1o!ted onto the off2ta9e tee5
85/5/5953 Concrete pipe!ines
Minor off2ta9es sha!! 1e insta!!ed in accordance 4ith the dra4in6s and as 6enera!!3 specified in c!ause 85/5/590 e:cept that actua!
tappin6 of the pipe!ine sha!! 1e 13 means of sadd!e pieces on the concrete pipes or 13 tappin6 stee! specia!s in accordance 4ith
c!ause 85/5/595/ or 13 such other method as recommended or provided for 13 the supp!ier of the pipes5
85/5/5958 +i1re2cement pipe!ines
Minor off2ta9es sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith the dra4in6s and as 6enera!!3 specified in c!ause 85/5/5951 e:cept that pipe
connection sha!! 1e 13 means of tapped and threaded sadd!e pieces or !on6 co!!ar detacha1!e Aoints in accordance 4ith the pipe
supp!ierKs recommendation5
#.3 3nstallation of valves and meters
85351 "he mass of va!ves or meters sha!! at no time 1e carried 13 the pipe0 the f!an6e or the coup!in6 and va!ve cham1er f!oors sha!!
prefera1!3 1e cast comp!ete 4ith va!ve stoo!s and supports immediate!3 after the insta!!ation of va!ves and meters5 Stoo!s sha!!
not 1e permitted to carr3 the mass of a va!ve unti! at !east ; da3s after castin6 the concrete5 &!ternative!30 prefa1rication and
4e!din6 of pipe and va!ve supports sha!! comp!3 4ith the re<uirements of S&*S 088 art --- and sha!! 1e fa1ricated to the
$n6ineerKs approva!5 Supports sha!! 1e 4e!ded to pipe on!3 4here specified and !inin6s of pipe and specia!s sha!! 1e made 6ood
after 4e!din65
8535/ Da!ves and meters re<uirin6 specia! adAustment after insta!!ation sha!! 1e adAusted and commissioned 13 the respective supp!iers
or a6ents after insta!!ation5
85353 *utterf!3 va!ves sha!! 1e insta!!ed 4ith the 1!ade sea! retainin6 rin6 facin6 upstream5
#.4 $ield (elding
85851 &!! fie!d 4e!din6 sha!! on!3 1e done 13 4e!ders 4ho satisf3 the re<uirements of &- 1108 and 4ho have 1een tested at the
ContractorKs e:pense 13 an independent testin6 authorit35
8585/ *efore an3 4e!din6 of pipe!ine materia!s commences0 the <ua!ification of 4e!ders sha!! have 1een approved0 a!! detai!ed 4e!din6
procedure specifications 4ith 4e!d dia6rams re<uired for their comp!etion sha!! have 1een su1mitted for approva! in a neat form0
and the 4e!din6 procedure <ua!ification tests sha!! have 1een successfu!!3 conc!uded a!! in accordance 4ith the re!evant standard
specifications5
Sufficient records sha!! 1e 9ept 13 the Contractor to ensure that a!! fie!d 4e!ds can 1e su1se<uent!3 identified 4ith the 4e!der
concerned5
23
DWS 1110
85853 (o 4e!din6 sha!! 1e carried out durin6 rain or hi6h 4ind or under dust3 conditions un!ess the 4e!der0 the 4e!d area and the 4e!d
are ade<uate!3 protected and she!tered5
85858 %n!3 4e!din6 rods 4hich have 1een 9ept dr3 and uncontaminated sha!! 1e used5
8585. We!din6 rods sha!! 1e of a 6rade and <ua!it3 such that the chemica! composition of 4e!d meta! and patent meta! is simi!ar5
#.5 +teel pipelines
85.51 ,enera!
"he out of roundness at a p!ane perpendicu!ar to the pipe a:is at an3 point a!on6 the pipe!ine !en6th sha!! not e:ceed 8E of the
minimum as !aid inside diameter >i5e5 G /E of the nomina! interna! diameter? after comp!etion of the 1ac9fi!!in6 and 4ith
atmospheric pressure inside the pipe5
%ut of roundness 1ein6 measured as the difference 1et4een the minimum and ma:imum inside diameter of the pipe at a point5
85.5/ *utt 4e!ded pipe!ines
85.5/51 ipes and specia!s to 1e Aoined 13 fie!d 4e!din6 sha!! 1e supp!ied 4ith ends 1eve!!ed for 4e!din65
85.5/5/ +ie!d 4e!din6 of Aoints sha!! conform to &- 11085
85.5/53 *efore 4e!din6 of Aoints proceed0 pipe ends sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 circu!ar and proper!3 mated up 13 means of 1ac9in6 rin6s5 &t
!east 8 tac9 4e!ds e<ua!!3 spaced around the pipe perimeter sha!! 1e app!ied to maintain the root 6ap and position of the pipe for
comp!etion of 4e!din65 & protective p!astic or ru11er sheet sha!! furthermore 1e p!aced over the coatin6 adAacent to the Aoints to
protect same from dam6e caused 13 4e!din6 spatter5
85.5/58 Root 4e!ds sha!! thereafter 1e carried out fo!!o4ed 13 successive fi!!er passes0 and capper passes0 a!! in accordance 4ith the
approved 4e!din6 procedure5 Wherever it is possi1!e to have entr3 into a pipe0 inside 4e!ds sha!! 1e app!ied first5 "he inner 4e!d
1ead sha!! not e:tend more than 1 mm into the 1ore of a pipe or specia!5
85.5/5. #ori@onta! 4e!d seams or spira! 4e!d seams at pipe ends sha!! 1e p!aced near the hori@onta! diameter of the pipe or specia! and
sha!! 1e sta66ered so that the circumferentia! distance 1et4een !on6itudina! or spira! 4e!ds intersectin6 the same circumferentia!
1utt 4e!d0 is not !ess than 90 mm nor more than 130 mm apart5
85.5/56 Defects caused 13 stra3 4e!din6 arc f!ashes0 4e!d spatter etc5 sha!! 1e removed 13 6rindin6 provided that pipe 4a!! thic9nesses
are not reduced to !ess than the specified minimum thic9nesses0 other4ise the portion containin6 the defect sha!! 1e cut out and
repaired5
85.5/5; Durin6 4e!din6 of pipes 4ith or6anic !inin6s0 mats of thic9 ru11er fe!t or other suita1!e materia! sha!! 1e p!aced a!on6 the pipe
invert to protect the pipe !inin6 for the fu!! distance from the point of access up to the point of 4e!d or 4e!d inspection5 "he mats
sha!! 1e of sufficient 4idth and sha!! cover a sufficient!3 4ide area of pipe invert to protect the !inin6 a6ainst dama6e due to
access 13 staff0 e<uipment0 inspectors or fa!! out from arc 4e!d5 Wor9men sha!! 4ear soft ru11er so!ed shoes 1efore enterin6
!ined pipes5
85.5/58 Care sha!! 1e ta9en not to stro9e arcs on epo:3 !ined areas and protective tapes0 if an30 at ends of epo:3 !ined pipes sha!! on!3 1e
removed immediate!3 prior to 4e!din65
85.5/59 ipes ma3 1e 4e!ded to6ether a!on6side the ed6e of the trench5 +or factor3 !ined and coated pipes0 the ma:imum !en6th so
4e!ded to6ether sha!! 1e such that:
>a? "he pipe can 1e su1se<uent!3 stored0 !ifted or hand!ed 4ithout dama6e to !inin6s or coatin6s5
>1? "he out of roundness at a p!ane perpendicu!ar to the pipe a:is at an3 point a!on6 the pipe!en6th durin6 stora6e0 !iftin6 or
hand!in6 does not e:ceed 8E of the minimum inside diameter5 %ut of roundness 1ein6 measured as the difference
1et4een the minimum and ma:imum inside diameter of the p!ane at the point5
>c? Safe and eas3 access to interna! tie2in 4e!ds are assured for staff and inspectorate 4ith e<uipment5
>d? "he ma:imum !en6th does not e:ceed 36 metres5
85.5/510 Sna9in6 into the trench of 1utt 4e!ded sections of pipe sha!! 1e permissi1!e for 1are stee! pipes0 su1Aect to approva! 13 the
$n6ineer of a comp!ete and comprehensive method statement su1mitted 13 the Contractor and provided that the out of
roundness as defined and measured a1ove durin6 an3 sta6e of the sna9in6 operation0 does not e:ceed 8E of minimum interna!
diameter5
85.5/511 "he !inin6s and coatin6s of pre2!ined and coated pipes Aointed to6ether outside the trench sha!! 1e made 6ood at these Aoints
outside the trench5
85.53 ipe!ines 4ith f!e:i1!e coup!in6s
85.5351 Coints 13 f!e:i1!e coup!in6s sha!! 1e made on!3 in their fina! !aid position5 *efore assem1!in6 the Aoint0 care sha!! 1e ta9en to
ensure that pipe ends are c!ean and free from 1urrs and rid6es5 Such 1urrs and rid6es sha!! 1e removed if present and !inin6s
and/or coatin6s made 6ood 4here dama6ed5 ipe ends sha!! 1e mated carefu!!3 1efore Aoints are made5 ipe ends sha!! 1e
concentric and perfect!3 !ined up and the coup!in6 sha!! not 1e re!ied upon to !ine up or to support the pipe5
24
DWS 1110
85.535/ Coints sha!! 1e made and coup!in6s assem1!ed to the manufacturerKs instructions5 *o!ts sha!! 1e p!aced 4ith 1o!t heads
a!ternate!3 pointin6 in opposite directions5
85.5353 3/ of the num1er of coup!in6 1o!ts0 e<ua!!3 spaced0 sha!! first 1e partia!!3 ti6htened up in a re6u!ar se<uence0 usin6 a short
spanner5 "he remainin6 1o!ts sha!! then 1e simi!ar!3 ti6htened5 &fter chec9in6 the coup!in6 a!i6nment0 the 1o!ts sha!! then 1e
fina!!3 ti6htened even!3 and in a re6u!ar se<uence 13 means of a tor<ue 4rench5
85.5358 Where coup!in6s 4ithout centra! re6isters are used0 precautions sha!! 1e ta9en to ensure that the pipe ends are apart 13 the
same distance as if a coup!in6 4ith centra! re6ister had 1een used and the coup!in6s sha!! carefu!!3 1e centred over the pipe
ends5
85.58 +!an6ed Aoints
85.5851 +!an6es sha!! 1e tru!3 para!!e! 4ith a!! 1o!ts even!3 firm 1efore 1ein6 fina!!3 dra4n up 4ith tor<ue 4renches to 4aterti6htness5
"aper 6au6es sha!! 1e used to chec9 that there is a uniform 6ap 1efore and after fina! ti6htenin6 up of 1o!ts5 *o!ts sha!! 1e
ti6htened in an approved se<uence 4ith 1ot!s e<ua!!3 spaced and at opposite ends ti6htened e<ua!!3 first5
85.585/ "he Contractor sha!! ensure that the correct Aointin6 materia!s0 i5e5 6as9ets0 1o!ts and nuts are avai!a1!e 4hen re<uired5 %n!3
correct diameter and !en6ths of 1o!ts and studs sha!! 1e used5 +!at 4ashers sha!! 1e used under a!! nuts5 "he !en6th of 1o!ts and
studs sha!! 1e such that at !east t4o threads protrude from the nut 4hen fu!!3 ti6htened5 "he threads of 1o!ts0 studs and nuts
sha!! 1e thorou6h!3 c!eaned and then coated 4ith a 6raphite/6rease compound immediate!3 prior to assem1!35
85.5853 +!an6e faces sha!! 1e 6iven t4o coats of an approved 1ituminuous primer 1efore matin65
85.5858 +!an6ed fittin6s sha!! 1e so insta!!ed that there are no stresses induced into the pipe4or90 specia!s or fittin6s 13 forcin6 i!!2fittin6
units into position or 13 1o!tin6 up f!an6es 4ith faces not uniform!3 in contact 4ith their 6as9ets over their 4ho!e faces5
#.6 !oncrete pipelines
85651 Reinforced or prestressed concrete pipes sha!! 1e Aointed strict!3 in accordance 4ith the manufacturerKs instructions5
8565/ Where ru11er Aoint sea!in6 6as9ets are used in f!e:i1!e Aoints0 these 6as9ets sha!! 1e insta!!ed free from !oops and t4ist sha!! 1e
even!3 compressed around the Aoint perimeter5 "he 6as9ets sha!! 1e in their desi6ned position and the Contractor sha!! use fee!er
6au6es inserted from the outside of soc9etes to prove the correct position of 6as9ets after comp!etion of each and ever3 Aoint5
85653 ipes sha!! 1e pushed fu!!3 7home7 at Aoints 4ith provision of the 6ap 1et4een pipe ends as recommended 13 the pipe
manufacturer5 articu!ar attention sha!! 1e paid to o1tainin6 a smooth continous 1ore throu6hout the pipe!ine0 4ithout steps
1et4een adAacent pipes5
85658 -n the case of 4e!d2Aointed c3!inder t3pe prestressed concrete pipes0 repairs to !inin6 and coatin6s at 4e!ds sha!! 1e reinforced 13
100 mm : .0 mm mesh of /0. mm diameter0 stee! 4ire tac9 4e!ded to 1are end rin6s in such a 4a3 that the mesh is not in
contact 4ith end rin6s e:cept at tac9 4e!ds5
#. $i5re"cement pipelines
85;51 &!! Aoints sha!! 1e made on!3 in the fina! !aid position5
*efore coup!in6 of pipes0 pipe ends sha!! 1e inspected for dama6e or crac9s 4ith the aid of 4ettin6 4here necessar35 Such
dama6ed or crac9ed ends sha!! 1e removed 13 cuttin6 off dama6ed sections and reshapin6 ends to ta9e the coup!in6s 4ith
approved too!s supp!ied 13 the manufacturer5
85;5/ Where detacha1!e cast iron Aoints are used0 pipes sha!! 1e carefu!!3 mated and ends !ined up concentric 4ith a 6ap of 10 mm
minimum 1et4een pipe ends5 Care sha!! 1e ta9en that this minimum 6ap is maintained 1et4een the c!osest point of pipe ends
4here pipes are !aid 4ith permissi1!e an6u!ar def!ections at Aoints5
85;53 "he coup!in6s sha!! 1e assem1!ed in accordance 4ith the manufacturerKs instructions 4ith the coup!in6s carefu!!3 centred over
pipe ends5 Care sha!! 1e ta9en that ru11er rin6s are free from t4ist or !oops5
85;58 S!eeve t3pe coup!in6s sha!! 1e insta!!ed in accordance 4ith the manufacturerKs instructions usin6 the specia! !u1ricant supp!ied
4ith coup!in6s to faci!itate s!idin6 in of Aoints5 "he coup!in6s sha!! 1e pushed fu!!3 7home7 so that the pipe ends rest a6ainst the
centre spacer rin65
85;5. &!! ru11er 6as9ets or coup!in6s containin6 ru11er 6as9ets sha!! 1e stored in accordance 4ith the stora6e re<uirements for 6oods
containin6 ru11er components as per this specification >c!ause 351;5859?5
#.# .aintenance of cleanliness during laying
85851 "he interior of pipes sha!! 1e perfect!3 c!ean 1efore 1ein6 !aid and the $n6ineer ma3 instruct pipe interiors to 1e c!eaned or
4ashed 1efore the pipes are !o4ered into the trench5 &!! 1rushes0 tro4e!s0 4e!din6 rod stumps0 pieces of mortar0 dust and a!!
forei6n matter sha!! 1e removed from pipes immediate!3 after !a3in65 %nce a section of pipe!ine has 1een c!eaned0 it sha!! 1e
sea!ed off and sha!! not 1e entered a6ain un!ess permitted 13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin65
25
DWS 1110
8585/ "he Contractor sha!! at his o4n e:pense ma9e 6ood an3 dama6e to va!ves and fittin6 or c!o66in6 of off2ta9es or ma!2functionin6
of fittin6s 4hich resu!t from his fai!ure to 9eep the pipe!ine in a thorou6h!3 c!ean condition5
#.% 6ight"caps
85951 Meta! ni6ht2caps sha!! 1e used to c!ose off a!! ends of each !aid section of pipe4or9 4hen 4or9 is stopped at the end of the da3 or
for !on6er periods and sha!! 1e !eft on the ends of sections of comp!eted pipe4or9 unti! such sections are tied2in 4ith the
remainder of the comp!eted pipe!ine5 "he ni6ht2caps sha!! consist of a stee! p!ate 4e!ded into a ha!f coup!in6 4hich must 1e
provided 4ith a sufficient num1er of !u6s to secure the rin6 and 6as9et and sha!! 1e stron6 enou6h to 4ithstand e:terna! 4ater
and earth pressure in the event of f!oodin6 or co!!apse of earth and the Aoint sha!! 1e 4aterti6ht5
8595/ "he Contractor sha!! a!so0 at his o4n e:pense 1!an92off a!! air va!ves0 scour va!ves and off2ta9es 4ith 6 mm thic9 1!an9 f!an6es
4hich sha!! 1e 1o!ted 4ith at !east four 1o!ts to tee f!an6es or sha!! 1e fi:ed to p!ain ended tee 1ranches 13 ha!f coup!in6s 4e!ded
to the 1!an9 f!an6es5 "hese sha!! 1e 4aterti6ht and sha!! not 1e removed unti! the va!ves or other fittin6s are a1out to 1e fitted5
85953 (ot4ithstandin6 the use of ni6ht2caps the Contractor sha!! at his o4n e:pense ma9e 6ood a!! dama6e to pipe !inin6s and fittin6s
caused 13 the in6ress of dirt3 4ater0 si!t0 sand0 de1ris0 vermin0 insects and other forei6n matter5 "he Contractor sha!! at his o4n
e:pense and to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer c!ean the interior of the pipe!ine of such contaminants5
#.1& Prevention of flotation
851051 ipes to 1e encased in concrete sha!! 1e prevented from f!otation durin6 concretin6 operations5 &part from this specia! case
durin6 concretin6 operations0 the Contractor sha!! prevent the f!otation of pipe4or9 due to storm4ater or 6round4ater enterin6 the
trench 1efore 1ac9fi!!in6 has 1een comp!eted5
85105/ Methods adopted to prevent f!otation sha!! not dama6e coatin6s or !inin6s and sha!! 1e approved 13 the $n6ineer5
(ot4ithstandin6 this the Contractor sha!! at his o4n e:pense repair a!! dama6e to pipe4or9 caused 13 f!otation and/or 13 the
methods adopted to prevent it5
". REPAIRS TO LININGS# COATINGS AND PROTECTION OF !OINTS
%.1 0eneral
95151 &!! dama6ed !inin6s and coatin6s of pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s sha!! 1e made 6ood to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer 1efore
insta!!ation0 provided a!4a3s that dama6e0 4hich0 in the opinion of the $n6ineer is e:tensive0 mi6ht su1Aect such pipe specia! or
fittin6 to reAection5
9515/ "he materia!s used for the repairs to !inin6s and coatin6s sha!! 1e the same as that used for the pipes un!ess other4ise approved
13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin65
95153 "he !inin6s and coatin6s of 1utt 4e!ded stee! pipes or continuous!3 4e!ded stee! c3!inder t3pe prestressed concrete pipes0 sha!!
1e made continous over Aoints as soon as possi1!e after approva! and acceptance 13 the $n6ineer of the 4e!ded Aoint5 &t no time
sha!! !inin6 and coatin6 repairs/remedia! 4or9 !a6 more than /.0 metres 1ehind the !ast pipe !aid5
95158 +!e:i1!e coup!in6s sha!! 1e provided 4ith e:terna! protection as soon as the pipe!ine has 1een h3drostatica!!3 tested and
e!ectrica!!3 1onded0 4here app!ica1!e5
%.2 *itumen linings and coatings
95/51 Surface preparation
95/5151 )nprotected stee! surfaces sha!! 1e 4ire1rushed to standard St 3 of S-S 0..900 and a!! dust and forei6n matter carefu!!3
removed5 &!! 4e!d spatter sha!! 1e removed 13 scrapin6 and/or 6rindin65
95/515/ Dama6ed 1itumen prime coats sha!! 1e removed 13 scrapin6 to 1are meta!0 e:tendin6 1ac9 into areas of sound prime coat5
95/5153 *itumen surfaces sho4in6 cha!9in6 or other forms of de6radation sha!! 1e 4ire1rushed do4n to sound 1itumen for a distance of
not !ess than 100 mm from or around the point of repair5
95/5158 'ime4ash to coatin6s sha!! 1e removed do4n to sound uncontaminated 1itumen for a distance of at !east 100 mm from or around
the point of repair5
95/515. Co!d app!ied 1itumen primer sha!! 1e app!ied to 1oth stee! and e:posed 1itumen surfaces and 1e a!!o4ed to dr3 for not !ess than
8 hours0 1ut not !on6er than 8 da3s0 care 1ein6 ta9en to prevent contamination of primed surfaces5
95/5/ &pp!ication of 1itumen
95/5/51 'inin6s sha!! 1e made 6ood 4ith hot app!ied 1itumen and finished smooth and homo6eneous 4ith the e:istin6 !inin65 "he
repaired portion sha!! 1e free from 1!isters0 craters0 pinho!es and other irre6u!arities and sha!! 1e to the same standard in a!!
respects as the e:istin6 !inin65
26
DWS 1110
95/5/5/ & f!ood coat of hot app!ied 1itumen sha!! 1e app!ied to primed repair areas of coatin6s to 6ive a coatin6 thic9ness not !ess than
10. mm at an3 point5
95/5/53 & sin6!e 4rap of 6!ass fi1re tissue0 saturated 4ith hot 1itumen sha!! then 1e app!ied around the 4ho!e circumference of the Aoint or
over the 4ho!e area of repair0 4hichever is app!ica1!e in a manner such that the tissue a1uts the ed6e of the e:istin6 coatin65 "he
app!ied 6!ass fi1re sha!! 1e ironed 4ith hot irons to ensure comp!ete 1ondin60 e:c!usion of air and comp!ete impre6nation 4ith
1itumen5
95/5/58 & second sin6!e 4rap of 6!ass fi1re tissue0 saturated 4ith hot 1itumen0 sha!! then 1e app!ied such that the t4o 4raps of tissue
over!ap 13 at !east .0E of the 4idth of the tissue and at !east one 4rap of tissue a1uts the ed6es of the e:istin6 coatin65 "he
second 4rap of 6!ass fi1re tissue sha!! 1e ironed 4ith hot irons to ensure comp!ete 1ondin60 e:c!usion of air and comp!ete
impre6nation 4ith 1itumen5
95/5/5. & f!ood coat of hot app!ied 1itumen sha!! then 1e app!ied to 6ive a coatin6 thic9ness a1ove the !ast 4rap of 6!ass fi1re tissue of at
!east 100 mm5
95/5/56 "4o further 4raps of 6!ass fi1re tissue0 saturated 4ith hot 1itumen sha!! then 1e app!ied in succesion0 each 4rap as a1ove0 1ut
such that at !east one !a3er of tissue over!aps the e:istin6 coatin6 13 not !ess than .0 mm5 %ver!ap of successive !a3ers of tissue
to 1e at !east .0E of tissue 4idth5
95/5/5; & further f!ood coat of hot app!ied 1itumen sha!! then 1e app!ied over the repair to 6ive a minimum coatin6 thic9ness of 1 mm over
the !ast 6!ass fi1re tissue !a3er and to over!ap the e:istin6 coatin6 13 at !east 100 mm5
95/5/58 -n the case of armoured coatin6s0 a sin6!e 4rap of 1itumen saturated 6!ass fi1re 4oven 4rap sha!! 1e app!ied at .0E over!ap over
the !ast 1itumen f!ood coat and 1e ironed 4ith hot irons to ensure comp!ete impre6nation of 1itumen and 1ondin65 "he 4oven
4rap sha!! then 1e fo!!o4ed 13 a further f!ood coat of hot app!ied 1itumen to 6ive a minimum thic9ness of not !ess than 1 mm over
the 4oven 4rap5
95/5/59 "he repaired surface sha!! then 1e ironed smooth0 neat!3 feathered into the e:istin6 coatin65
95/5/510 & heav3 !ime24ash coat sha!! 1e app!ied over the repaired areas of coatin6s immediate!3 after inspection and acceptance of the
repair 13 the $n6ineer5
95/5/511 When heatin6 1itumen0 the temperature sha!! never e:ceed /3.MC5 *itumen sha!! on!3 1e heated in tota!!3 enc!osed 9ett!es0
e<uippped 4ith stirrers to 9eep the mo!ten 1itumen a6itated and at an even temperature and to prevent !oca!ised overheatin6 and
scorchin6 of 1itumen5 "he 9ett!e sha!! 1e fitted 4ith a thermometer5
%.3 !ement mortar 7concrete8 linings
95351 Suface preparation
9535151 )nprotected stee! surfaces sha!! 1e 4ire1rushed to standard Sa / of S-S 0..900 and a!! dust and forei6n matter sha!! 1e
removed5
953515/ "he ed6es of the e:istin6 !inin6 sha!! then 1e 1rushed to remove a!! dust and a neat cement/4ater s!urr3 app!ied to the pipe 4a!!
and the ed6es of e:istin6 !inin65
9535/ &pp!ication of !inin6
9535/51 & mortar mi: e<ua! to the mi: used in the e:istin6 !inin6 and havin6 a mi: proportion of 1 part of cement to / parts of c!ean
concrete sand 13 mass0 sha!! then 1e tro4e!!ed into the Aoint0 4hi!e the s!urr3 is sti!! 4et0 ta9in6 care to 4or9 the mortar 4e!! into
the tapered ed6es of the e:istin6 !inin65
9535/5/ "he mortar sha!! 1e as dr3 as possi1!e 4ith a 4ater content 13 mass of not more than .0E of cement content5 Mortar sha!! 1e
fresh!3 mi:ed and sha!! not 1e re24etted after ori6ina! mi:in65 &!! mortar o!der than 1 hour after addition of 4ater0 sha!! 1e
discarded5
9535/53 "he !inin6 sha!! 1e finished smooth 4ith the e:istin6 !inin65
9535/58 $ver3 .00 metres of the pipe!ineRs chaina6es sha!! 1e c!ear!3 !e6i1!e mar9ed on the !inin6 at the most appropriate position for
CC"D recordin6 purposes5
%.4 +hop applied epo4y linings and coatings
95851 "he ma:imum a!!o4a1!e num1er and si@es of repairs to epo:3 !ined and/or coated pipes on the site 13 each0 the supp!3 and
!a3in6 contractors0 4i!! 1e as fo!!o4s:
'inin6s:
(o !ar6e repairs0 i5e5 an area 6reater than /. mm diameter0 4i!! 1e a!!o4ed 4hi!st a ma:imum of 1 sma!! repair0 i5e5 an area sma!!er
than /. mm diameter0 per 6 metres !en6th of pipe!ine5
Coatin6s:
%n!3 one !ar6e and one sma!! repair0 as defined a1ove5
27
DWS 1110
9585/ Surface preparation
9585/51 We!ded Aoints and !ar6er repairs i5e5 area in e:cess of /. mm diameter
"he comp!ete area of the 4e!d0 un!ined sections and heat affected !ined sections sha!! 1e chipped0 scraped and 4ire 1rushed to
remove a!! s!a60 oi!0 6rease0 1itumen0 coa! tar and o:idation deposist5 "he 4e!d 1ead sha!! 1e 6round do4n so that the hei6ht of
the upset meta! and f!ash on the inner surface sha!! not e:ceed 100 mm5 &!! 4e!d spatter sha!! 1e removed 13 scrapin6 and/or
6rindin65 "he entire surface0 inc!udin6 the 4e!d seam0 sha!! 1e entire!3 smooth and free from Aa66ed or sharp protu1erances5
"he comp!ete surface to 1e !ined and/or coated sha!! then 1e 6rit 1!asted to produce a 1ri6ht stee! finish in accordance 4ith S-S
0..9000 ,rade Sa 35 Where this de6ree of c!ean!iness does not accurate!3 match the stee! co!our0 use a standard of 9.E
avera6e0 o1tained 13 photo e!ectric ref!ectance meter 4hich is ca!i1rated for the stee! and t3pe of 6rit 1ein6 used0 ta9in6 100
percent as the de6ree of finish o1tained 4hen no futher increase in ref!ectance is o1taind 13 e:tended 1!astin65 &!! air used for
6rit 1!astin6 sha!! 1e free of a!! oi! and moisture5 ,rit of 4hich .0E sha!! not 1e round0 sha!! 1e dr3 and free of forei6n matter
such as sa!ine or c!a3 contents0 1itumen or 1ituminous t3pe contaminants oi! or other de!eterious su1stances5 artic!e si@e sha!!
1e such as to produce an anchor pattern profi!e e:ceedin6 .0 micrometres in depth0 1ut not e:ceedin6 ;. micrometres in depth
as determined 13 micrometer 6au6e or porta1!e microscope fitted 4ith a ca!i1rated focussin6 9no15
&fter 1!astin60 a!! dust and de1ris sha!! 1e removed 13 vacuum c!eanin60 dr3 1rushin6 or dr3 air 1!ast to a de6ree such that a
piece of c!ear adhesive tape pressed to the 6rit 1!asted surface and therupon transferred to a 4hite ti!e0 sha!! sho4 no dust or
de1ris pic9 up0 4hen compared 4ith a standard pattern5
"hereafter the 6rit 1!asted surface inc!udin6 /. mm 4ide strip of sound epo:3 !inin6 or coatin6 sha!! 1e coated 4ithin / hours5
9585/5/ Sma!!er repairs i5e5 area sma!!er than /. mm diameter
"he area of repair0 inc!udin6 at !east /. mm of sound epo:3 !inin6 around the area of repair0 sha!! then 1e ru11ed 4ith a medium
6rade emer3 paper5 %n!3 &!uminium %:ide a1rasives sha!! 1e used5 Stee! surfaces and heat affected epo:3 !ined surface sha!!
1e ru11ed do4n to a 1ri6ht stee! finish0 standard Sa 3 of S-S 0..9005 "he /. mm minimum 4idth of sound epo:3 surroundin6
the area of repair sha!! 1e ru11ed to remove the !inin6 6!oss or a!! si6ns of cha!9in60 4hichever is app!ica1!e5
"he comp!ete surface to 1e repaired inc!udin6 the emer3 papered ed6e of the e:istin6 !inin6 or coatin6 sha!! 1e 4iped 4ith a
so!vent recommended 13 the supp!ier of the epo:3 and coated 4ithin / hours of the surface 1ein6 prepared as descri1ed a1ove5
95853 &pp!ication of epo:3
9585351 $ach coat is to over!ap the e:istin6 !inin6 or coatin6 13 at !east /. mm5
958535/ "he minimum thic9ness of the app!ied !inin6 or coatin6 sha!! 1e 300 micrometres dr3 fi!m thic9ness5
9585353 So!vent2free epo:ies
"he a1ove C!ause 9515/ sha!! app!3 in the case of fusion 1onded epo:ies 4hich must 1e app!ied strict!3 in accordance 4ith the
manufacturerKs re<uirements5
+or other so!vent2free epo:ies ho4ever0 the area sha!! receive one coat of a so!vent2free repair 9it recommended 13 the same
manufacturer and compati1!e 4ith the epo:3 used in the pipes0 app!ied 13 soft 1rush0 spra3 or ro!!er to ensure the correct coat
covera6e5 "he ma:imum dr3 fi!m thic9ness sha!! 1e .00 micrometres5
& !ar6e ran6e of epo:3 repair materia!s have 1een tested to date and on!3 the fo!!o4in6 materia!s ma3 1e used for temperatures
ran6in6 from 10M to ..MC and humidities as specified 13 the supp!iers:
>a? )nder dr3 conditions:
>i? Co!turiet Su1marine supp!ied 13 Messrs &$C-
>ii? Da!spar atchin6 Compound >Canada?
>1? Wet and under4ater conditions:
>i? #3cote 1.1 13 )"C for fi!m thic9nesses prefera1!3 not 6reater than /.0 and definite!3 not 6reater than .00
micrometres5
>c? )nder dr3 conditions and temperatures not e:ceedin6 /0MC
>i? #3cote 1.1$ 1ase 6re3 C#C /1 and #3cote 1.1 $ cata!3st -(" 800 for fi!m thic9nesses prefera1!3 not 6reater
than 300 and definet!3 not 6reater than .00 micrometres5
9585358 So!vent21orne epo:ies
"he materia!s specified a1ove in c!ause 9585353 shou!d 1e used5
&!ternative!30 1ut on!3 4ith specific 4ritten approva! of the $n6ineer0 a so!vent21orne epo:3 ma3 1e app!ied over the area to 1e
repaired in 3 coats 13 soft 1rush0 spra3 or ro!!er 4ith each coat in a distinct!3 different co!our to ensure correct inter coat
covera6e5 "he dr3in6 time0 and app!ication for each coat sha!! 1e strict!3 in accordance 4ith the manufacturers instructions 4ith
respect to temperature0 humidit3 etc5 "he ma:imum dr3 fi!m thic9ness of the app!ied coatin6 sha!! 1e 3.0 micrometres5
95858 %n comp!etion of repairs0 the repaired !inin6 sha!! 1e tested 4ith a 4et spon6e ho!ida3 detector and thic9ness of repair chec9ed
13 an edd3 current or ma6netic instrument5 "hese tests sha!! 1e carried out 13 the -nspectorate on a!! repairs5
9585. &!! repairs e:c!udin6 the Aoint repairs to the !inin6 sha!! 1e comp!eted0 tested and approved 13 the $n6ineer prior to 1ac9fi!!in6 the
trench as stated in C!ause ;5/515/5
28
DWS 1110
95856 &de<uate venti!ation >and heatin6 if re<uired?0 sha!! 1e provided for the proper curin6 of the repaired epo:3 !inin6 over the interna!
4e!ded Aoint5
%.5 3n"situ applied epo4y linings
95.51 'inin6s sha!! on!3 1e app!ied after a!! 4e!din6 on the pipe!ine is comp!ete5
95.5/ (o further 4e!din6 4i!! 1e permissi1!e on an3 !ined pipes and repairs sha!! therefore not norma!!3 1e necessar35
%.6 Plastic tape (rapping
95651 %ver the trench 4rappin6 operations sha!! norma!!3 fo!!o4 comp!etion of site 4e!din65
9565/ Suface preparation
9565/51 Where protection of 4e!ded Aoints or repairs to dama6ed tape 4rappin6s are necessar30 dama6ed tape sha!! 1e carefu!!3 cut a4a3
to e:pose at !east a 30 mm 4ide strip of undama6ed0 unde6raded and sound primed surface5
9565/5/ )nprotected stee! surfaces 0 dam6ed or de6raded primed surfaces sha!! 1e c!eaned 13 scrapin60 6rindin6 and 4ire 1rushin6 to
remove a!! primer0 rust0 oi!0 6rease0 4e!din6 s!a60 4e!d spatter and dust5
9565/53 We!ds0 4here app!ica1!e0 sha!! 1e a!!o4ed to coo! 1efore app!ication of approved co!d primer over the area of repair5
9565/58 Where the tape 4rappin6 is to over!a3 a 1itum2fi1re 6!ass coatin6 the !atter sha!! 1e even!3 tapered over a 4idth of .0 mm5
95653 &pp!ication
9565351 &pp!3 the approved co!d primer over the area to the repaired 4hi!st a!so over!appin6 the sound e:posed primer 13 at !east 30 mm5
956535/ Shou!d there 1e an3 indentation of the repair area it shou!d 1e even!3 fi!!ed 4ith a suita1!e mastic and a further coat of primer
app!ied thereover5
9565353 We!ded Aoints
"he comp!ete s3stem of repairs sha!! 1e approved 13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin6 prior to effectin6 an3 repairs5 -n 6enera!0 ho4ever0
the p!astic tape0 of the t3pe0 6rade and <ua!it3 used in the e:istin6 4rappin6 or other approved s3stem sha!! 1e app!ied spira!!3
around the pipe to cover the repair and adAacent sound 4rappin6 13 at !east /00 mm5 &!! in accordance 4ith the re<uirements of
DWS 1131 C!auses .53530 .53580 .535. and 65351 >i5e5 three !a3ers of tape?5
9565358 ipe0 in situ cement mortar !ined0 cut to 6et access into the pipe0 and other repairs0 sha!! 1e repaired as per C!ause 9565353
DWS 11100 e:cept for the e:c!usion of C!ause .535. DWS 11315
956535. Minor repairs inside the pipe trench on!3 of areas up to 30 mm diameter sha!! 1e approved 13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin6 prior of
effectin6 an3 repairs5 &pp!3 patch !a3er e:tendin6 /00 mm 1e3ond dama6ed area5
%. !oal tar coatings
Sha!! 1e made 6ood as for 1itumen coatin6s e:cept that co!d app!ied primer sha!! 1e compati1!e 4ith coa! tar coatin6s and
approved coa! tar sha!! 1e used5 Care sha!! 1e ta9en that temperatures and heatin6 times are strict!3 to the supp!ierKs
specification5
%.# Protection of fle4i5le couplings and flanges
95851 Mou!ded 1itumen encasin6
9585151 "he coup!in6 or f!an6e sha!! 1e protected 13 coverin6 4ith mou!ded 1itumen5
958515/ "he coatin6 of the pipe sha!! proAect at !east 100 mm into the mou!d over 4hich !en6th of coatin6 the ref!ective finish sha!! 1e
carefu!!3 removed5
9585153 "he uncoated portions of the pipe and the e:posed portions of the coup!in6s sha!! then 1e c!eaned of rust0 dust0 oi! and 6rease
and painted 4ith / coats of an approved co!d app!ied 1ituminous primer5
9585158 "he mou!d sha!! then 1e treated interna!!3 4ith thic9 4hite24ash to prevent the adhesion of 1itumen to the mou!d0 and the mou!d
sha!! then 1e c!amped around the pipe coup!in60 ensurin6 that the ends of the pipe coatin6 are covered 13 the mou!d5
958515. "he 1itumen sha!! 1e suita1!3 heated and sha!! 1e poured into the mou!d so as to encase the coup!in6 components0 uncoated
pipe ends0 1ondin6 thermo4e!ds and 1ond conductors entire!3 4ith a minimum cover of 1itumen of 10 mm and to comp!ete the
e:terna! protection5 "he mou!d sha!! then 1e stripped and c!eaned read3 for use e!se4here5
2
DWS 1110
9585156 #eatin6 of 1itumen sha!! conform to C!ause 95/5165
9585/ o!3urethane and tape 4rappin6
9585/51 Coup!in6s sha!! 1e protected 13 coverin6 4ith po!3urethane foamed in2situ and 4rapped 4ith po!3eth3!ene tape5
9585/5/ "he coatin6 of the pipe sha!! proAect at !east 100 mm into the mou!d over 4hich !en6th of coatin6 ref!ective finish sha!! 1e carefu!!3
removed5
9585/53 "he uncoated portions of the pipe and the e:posed portions of the coup!in6 sha!! 1e c!eaned of a!! dust0 rust0 oi! and 6rease and
6iven / coats of an approved co!d app!ied 1itumnious primer that sha!! 1e compati1!e 4ith the coatin6 and 4ith po!3urethane5
9585/58 "he / coats of primer app!ied to the pipe ends and coup!in6 components sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 dr3 1efore the foam is app!ied and
sha!! 1e capa1!e of 4ithstandin6 the chemica! and therma! effects of the foamin6 process 4ithout de6radation either of the primer
or of the foam5
9585/5. "he foam fi!!er sha!! 1e formed 13 a sheet meta! mou!d providin6 a minimum of /. mm cover of foam to a!! uncoated areas of
pipe ends0 coup!in6 components0 1ondin6 4e!ds and 1ond conductors5 "he e:terna! surface of the mou!ded foam sha!! 1e in the
form of a smooth centra! c3!inder surroundin6 the coup!in6 4ith smooth conica! e:tension over!appin6 the pipe coatin6 13 100
mm at each end5 "he tan6ent of the an6!e 1et4een the conica! surface and the a:is of the pipe sha!! not 1e 6reater than 00/.5
9585/56 "he foam sha!! 1e produced in2situ 13 the 7Carado! C//Caradate7 30 s3stems as descri1ed in re!iminar3 -nformation amph!et
Res//)8 pu1!ished 13 She!! Chemica!s )B 'imited or e<uiva!ent s3stem and a!! the manufacturerKs instructions 4ith re6ard to
stora6e0 hand!in60 mi:in60 safet3 precautions and other procedures necessar3 for the production of 1est <ua!it3 po!3urethane
foam sha!! 1e strict!3 comp!ied 4ith5 "he foam sha!! 1e homo6enous and free of crac9s0 !aminations and discontinuities or
4ea9ness of an3 9ind5
9585/5; &fter comp!etion of the foam fi!!er the e:terna! surfaces of the pipe coatin6 4ithin 300 mm of the foam sha!! 1e thorou6h!3 c!eaned
and smoothed e:posin6 1itumen coatin6 free of a!! dirt0 6rease0 oi! and 4hite24ash5 "hereafter a /00 mm 4ide 1and of an
approved co!d app!ied primer0 compati1!e 4ith 1itumen or coa! tar coatin60 foam and tape adhesive sha!! 1e app!ied at each end of
the foam fi!!er to 1rin6 the surfaces near the conica! ends to a smooth0 uniform condition5 $ach 1and of primer sha!! stradd!e
e<ua!!3 the e:posed foam/1itumen interface5 "he tape 4rappin6 sha!! 1e approved 300 micrometres thic9 p!asticiser free0
po!3eth3!ene pressure sensitive tape0 1.0 mm 4ide0 of !o4 densit3 and 4ith 6ood conformin6 characteristics and di2e!ectric
properties5 "he entire Aoint is to 1e 4rapped 4ith / !a3ers of tape0 each !a3er app!ied smooth!3 and finishin6 / comp!ete turns over
the coatin6 1e3ond the foam fi!!er at either side of the Aoint0 the !ast <uarter turn at each end 1ein6 app!ied in a re!a:ed state
4ithout tension5 $ach !a3er of tape is to 1e 4rapped he!ica!!3 4ith a continous he!ica! over!ap 80 mm 4ide in each !a3er5
9585/58 "he Contractor sha!! e:cercise proper contro! to ensure that the chemica! so!utions used in the foamin6 s3stem are correct!3
stored at temperatures not e:ceedin6 /0MC and for periods not e:ceedin6 6 months or under an3 other specia! conditions
recommended 13 the manufacturers5 Simi!ar!3 the Contractor sha!! provide such dr324armin6 e<uipment as ma3 1e necessar3 to
9eep the tape 4arm enou6h to maintain a de6ree of conformit3 eda<uate for smooth0 4rin9!e free 4rappin6 over the cone/c3!inder
transitions in the surface shape of the foam fi!!er5
9585/59 articu!ar care must 1e ta9en to prevent contact of isoc3anate foamin6 materia! 4ith the s9in and e3es and inha!ation of the
vapour5
95853 o!3eth3!ene s!eeves
9585351 Coup!in6s or f!an6es sha!! 1e protected 13 coverin6 4ith po!3eth3!ene s!eeves5
958535/ "he s!eeve sha!! consist of a continous sheath of po!3eth3!ene at !east /.0 micrometres thic9 and 600 mm !on6 and of diameter
to suit the coup!in6 and 4hich sha!! 1e taped to the pipe on either side of the coup!in65 "he p!3eth3!ene sha!! 1e 1!ac9 in co!our
and contain an u!travio!et ra3 inhi1itor5 "he coated portion of the pipe sha!! proAect at !east 1.0 mm into the s!eeve5
9585353 "he uncoated portions of the pipe and the e:posed portions of the coup!in6 sha!! 1e c!eaned of a!! dust0 rust0 oi! and 6rease and
6iven / coats of an approved co!d app!ied 1ituminous primer5
9585358 &fter shapin6 the s!eeve to coup!in6 contours and a!!o4in6 sufficient s!ac9 to prevent stretchin6 of po!3eth3!ene across coup!in6
components it sha!! 1e taped usin6 pressure sensitive tapes onto the pipe 4ith the tapes e:tendin6 at !east 1.0 mm on to the
s!eeve and on to the coated pipe from 4hich ref!ective finish has 1een carefu!!3 removed for the 4idth of tape 4rap5 "he pressure
sensitive tape sha!! 1e app!ied spira!!3 at a tension sufficient to c!ose off the po!3eth3!ene s!eeves ti6ht!3 a6ainst the pipe 1arre!
and to prevent in6ress of 4ater5 "he tape sha!! 1e app!ied 4ith an over!ap of .0E of 4idth5
958535. "he po!3eth3!ene s!eeves sha!! 1e s!ipped over the pipe 1arre! durin6 !a3in6 and 1efore pipes are coup!ed5 "he s!eeve 4i!!
ho4ever on!3 1e app!ied over coup!in6s on comp!etion of h3drostatic tests5 -n the interim period0 the s!eeves sha!! 1e protected
from sun!i6ht5
95858 etro!eum mastic and tape 4rappin6s
9585851 Coup!in6s or f!an6es sha!! 1e protected 13 mou!din6 4ith a petro!eum Ae!!3 mastic and 4rapped 4ith tape5 "he coatin6 of the pipe
sha!! proAect at !east 100 mm into the mou!ded portion over 4hich !en6th of coatin6 the ref!ective finish sha!! 1e carefu!!3 removed5
958585/ "he unprotected portion of the pipe and coup!in6 components sha!! first 1e c!eaned of dust0 rust and other forei6n matter5
7Denso7 paste or e<uiva!ent sha!! then 1e app!ied to the coup!in60 !eavin6 a thin fi!m on the surface of the s!eeve and a !i1era!
amount on 1o!t heads and nuts5
9585853 7Denso Mastic !ast7 or e<uiva!ent is then app!ied to cover 1o!t heads and nuts0 f!an6es and s!eeve to a thic9ness of 1/ mm5
Mou!din6 sha!! 1e up to 1ut not over the 1o!ts5
3!
DWS 1110
9585858 7Denso7 tape or e<uiva!ent is then 4rapped spira!!3 around the unprotected portions of the pipe and the coup!in60 inc!udin6 at
!east 100 mm of pipe coatin6 on 1oth sides0 care 1ein6 ta9en to e:c!ude air poc9ets 13 mou!din6 into a!! depressions5 "he tape
sha!! not 1e stretched and sha!! 1e app!ied 4ith a minimum over!ap of 100 mm at ends5
958585. +ina!!3 po!3eth3!ene tape of 300 micrometres minimum thic9ness sha!! then 1e app!ied spira!!3 over the mou!d over!appin6 the
pipe coatin6 13 at !east 100 mm5 "he ends sha!! 1e secured onto the pipe 1arre! 13 means of pressure sensitive tapes0 ti6ht!3
taped around the pipe 1arre! and centred 1.0 mm over the ends0 providin6 at !east ;. mm of pressure sensitive tape on 1oth0 the
pipe 1arre! and the e:terior mou!d 4rap5 "he Aoint sha!! 1e 4aterti6ht5
9585856 Care sha!! 1e ta9en at a!! times to prevent contamination of petro!eum pastes and tapes 13 sand0 soi! or other forei6n matter5
10. CROSSING OF ROADS# RAILWAYS AND STREAMS
1&.1 0eneral
105151 "he $mp!o3er sha!! o1tain permission for the crossin6 of roads and rai!4a3s from the responsi1!e authorities5 &!! conditions and
re<uirements imposed and/or prescri1ed 13 the authorities concerned sha!! 1e conve3ed to the Contractor 4ho sha!! 1e
responsi1!e for meetin6 a!! such conditions and re<uiremtns in carr3in6 out the crossin6s5
10515/ &!! crossin6s sha!! 1e constructed strict!3 in accordance 4ith approved dra4in6s5
1&.2 -oad crossings
105/51 Crossin6s of (ationa!0 rovincia!0 District0 Divisiona!0 Specia! roads >herinafter ca!!ed maAor roads? or such other roads as
authorities mi6ht dictate0 sha!! 1e made in f!an6ed or 1utt 4e!ded stee! pipes 4ithin a stee! or reinforced concrete s!eeve or a
reinforced concrete cu!vert5 Stee! pipes to e:tend over the fu!! 4idth of road reserve p!us . m on each side5
105/5/ Crossin6 of farm roads0 unnum1ered pu1!ic roads0 schoo! roads0 minor roads sha!!0 e:cept 4here other4ise dictated 13
authorities0 1e made 13 maintainin6 a one thousand >1 000? mm minimum compacted cover over the cro4n of the pipe at an3
point a!on6 the pipe centre!ine for the fu!! 4idth of the carria6e4a3 p!us shou!ders5 "he $n6ineer mi6ht instruct a 1.0 mm
minimum thic9ness concrete surround to 1e p!aced around the pipe a!on6 an3 !en6th of pipe!ine at such crossin6s5
105/53 Stee! s!eeve pipes sha!! have a 1/ mm minimum 4a!! thic9ness0 1e !ined 4ith a 1itumen prime coat and sha!! 1e armour coated5
Wherever possi1!e reinforced concrete s!eeve pipes sha!! 1e insta!!ed 13 push1orin6 underneath carria6e4a3s un!ess other4ise
specified5
105/58 Stee! pipes at maAor road crossin6s sha!! have:
105/5851 Wa!! thic9nesses increased 13 at !east /0E a1ove the re<uired structura! thic9ness or sha!! 1e e<ua! to the specified minimum
thic9ness for the si@e of pipe 4hichever is the 6reater5 "he re<uired structura! thic9ness sha!! 1e that pipe 4a!! thic9ness 4hich
sha!! !imit stee! stresses to a ma:imum of 60E of the minimum 3ie!d stress of the stee! 4hen the pipe is su1Aected to desi6n
pressure5 "he pipe of increased 4a!! thic9ness sha!! e:tend for the fu!! 4idth of the road reserve up to points at !east . m 1e3ond
reserve 1oundaries on each side5
105/585/ $ither armour coatin6 of a 1itumen 6!ass fi1re or a 800 micrometres thic9 fusion21onded epo:3 coatin6 for the !en6th of s!eeves
or cu!verts0 inc!udin6 manho!es p!us a distance of 1 m on each side of the s!eeve or cu!vert5
105/5853 &!! fie!d app!ied 1utt 4e!ds fa!!in6 4ithin reserves 100E radio6raphica!!3 inspected5
105/5858 &!! f!an6ed Aoints mou!ded as per specification5
105/5. *ac9fi!!in6 and reinstatement of road surfaces sha!! 1e to the re<uiremtns of the Roads &uthorit35 Shou!d the Roads &uthorit3
prefer to carr3 out reinstatement of surfaces 13 direct !a1our or other4ise0 the Contractor sha!! pa3 a!! char6es in connection
there4ith5
105/56 Where no method of reinstatement is specified or re<uested 13 the Roads &uthorit30 the fo!!o4in6 sha!! app!3:
*ac9fi!!in6 around and over s!eeves or cu!verts sha!! 1e p!aced in !a3ers not e:ceedin6 1.0 mm0 measured in the !oose0 usin6 a
se!ected sand3 materia!5 $ach !a3er sha!! 1e dampened to optimum moisture content and 1e compacted to a densit3 not !ess
than 90E Modified &&S#"% 1efore succeedin6 !a3ers are p!aced5 +or surfaced roads0 1ac9fi!!in6 sha!! proceed to the underside
of the su121ase !eve! 4hen 1.0 mm of approved su121ase 6rave! sha!! 1e p!aced and compacted to a densit3 of at !east 9.E
Modified &&S#"%5 %n top of the su121ase !a3er0 a /00 mm !a3er of crushed stone 1ase course consistin6 of materia! passin6 a
80 mm s<uare screen and mi:ed 4ith an approved 1inder sha!! 1e compacted in t4o0 100 mm !a3ers0 each !a3er to 1e dampened
and thorou6h!3 compacted 1efore p!acin6 the succeedin6 !a3er5 "he top !a3er sha!! 1e s4ept 4ith a hard 1room to remove a!!
!aitance from stone surfaces 1ut 4ithout under pinnin6 the individua! crushed stone partic!es5 "he upper surface sha!! then 1e
covered 4ith a !i6ht app!ication of primer or emu!sion 1efore p!acin6 a 3/ mm to 80 mm 1ituminous premi: 4earin6 course 4hich
shou!d 1e ro!!ed to a so!id !a3er5
105/5; &!! under6round te!ephone ca1!es or overhead te!ephone !ines 4ithin or adAacent to road reserves sha!! 1e proper!3 supported and
protected a6ainst dama6e durin6 a!! phases of construction5
31
DWS 1110
1&.3 -ail crossings
105351 Crossin6s of rai!4a3 trac9s sha!! 1e made 13 1utt 4e!ded or f!an6ed stee! pipes 4ithin a stee! or reinforced concrete s!eeve or
reinforced concrete cu!vert0 a!! in accordance 4ith approved dra4in6s and the S&*S 01/1 Code of ractice5 ipes !ar6er than
/.0 mm nomina! 1ore sha!! cross throu6h cu!verts on!35 Stee! pipes sha!! e:tend over the fu!! 4idth of the rai! reserve p!us at !east
. m on each side5
10535/ Stee! s!eeve pipes sha!! have a 1/ mm minimum 4a!! thic9ness0 1e !ined 4ith a 1itumen prime coat and sha!! 1e armour coated5
Wherever possi1!e reinforced concrete s!eeve pipes sha!! 1e insta!!ed 13 push1orin6 underneath rai!4a3 trac9s un!ess other4ise
specified5
105353 Stee! pipes at rai!4a3 crossin6s sha!! have:
10535351 Wa!! thic9nesses increased 13 at !east /0E a1ove the re<uired structura! thic9ness or sha!! 1e e<ua! to the specified minimum
4a!! thic9ness for the si@e of pipe0 4hichever is the 6reater5 Re<uired structura! thic9ness sha!! 1e that pipe 4a!! thic9ness 4hich
sha!! !imit stee! stresses to a ma:imum of 60E of the minimum 3ie!d stress of the stee! 4hen the pipe is su1Aected to desi6n
pressure5 "he pipe of increased 4a!! thic9ness sha!! e:tend for the fu!! 4idth of the rai! reserve up to points at !east . m 1e3ond
reserve 1oundaries on each side5
1053535/ $ither armour coatin6 of a 1itumen 6!ass fi1re or a 800 micrometres thic9 fusion21onded epo:3 coatin6 for the !en6th of s!eeves
or cu!verts inc!udin6 manho!es0 p!us a distance of 1 m on each side of the s!eeve or cu!vert5
10535353 &!! fie!d app!ied 1utt 4e!ds fa!!in6 4ithin reserves 100E radio6raphica!!3 inspected5
10535358 &!! f!an6ed Aoints mou!ded as per specification5
105358 *efore an3 4or9 4ithin rai! reserves is underta9en the Contractor sha!! at his o4n e:pense arran6e 4ith the S&"S for the
provision0 insta!!ation and remova! on comp!etion of temporar3 support 4or9 for the trac9s0 in the form of 1irdca6in6 or other4ise5
10535. &!! 4or9 4ithin rai! reserves sha!! 1e performed and comp!eted 4ith the !east possi1!e de!a3 and 4ith the c!osest co2operation at
a!! times 4ith the S&"S and the $n6ineer5
105356 *ac9fi!!in6 and reinstatement of surfaces sha!! 1e to the re<uirements of the S&"S5 Shou!d the S&"S prefer to reinstate 1a!!ast
13 direct !a1our or other4ise the Contractor sha!! pa3 a!! char6es in connection there4ith5
10535; Where no method of reinstatement of surfaces is specifica!!3 specified or re<uested 13 the S&"S0 the fo!!o4in6 sha!! app!3:
*ac9fi!!in6 around and over s!eeves or cu!verts sha!! 1e p!aced in !a3ers not e:ceedin6 1.0 mm in the !oose0 usin6 a se!ected
sand3 materia!5 $ach !a3er sha!! 1e dampened to optimum moisture content and 1e compacted to a densit3 not !ess than 90E
Modified &&S#"%5
105358 &!! under6round0 a1ove6round or overhead ca1!es0 te!ephone !ines or si6na!!in6 ca1!es or 4ires 4ithin or adAacent to rai! reserves
sha!! 1e proper!3 supported and protected a6ainst dama6e durin6 a!! sta6es of construction5
1&.4 +tream crossings
105851 Stream crossin6s comprise a!! crossin6s of defined 4ater courses in 4hich 4ater f!o4s or mi6ht f!o4 as a resu!t of surface run2
off or other4ise5
10585/ Stream crossin6s sha!! 1e constructed in stee! pipe encased in reinforced concrete0 a!! in accordance 4ith approved dra4in6s5
105853 Stee! pipes at stream crossin6s sha!! have:
10585351 Wa!! thic9nesses increased 13 at !east /0E a1ove the re<uired structura! thic9ness or sha!! 1e e<ua! to the specified minimum
4a!! thic9ness for the si@e of pipe0 4hichever is the 6reater5 "he structura! 4a!! thic9ness re<uired sha!! 1e that pipe 4a!!
thic9ness 4hich sha!! !imit stee! stresses to a ma:imum of 60E of the minimum 3ie!d stress of the stee! 4hen the pipe is
su1Aected to desi6n pressure5 "he pipe of increased 4a!! thic9ness sha!! e:tend for the fu!! !en6th of concrete encased @ones
p!us / m on 1oth sides5
1058535/ & 1itumen26!ass fi1re coatin6 or a 800 micrometres thic9 fusion21onded epo:3 coatin6 as specified in either the Departmenta!
Specification DWS 1131 or as indicated on the dra4in6s or in the Schedu!e of Juantities 4henever encased in concrete5
10585353 &!! fie!d app!ied 1utt 4e!ds 4ithin concrete encasements 100E radio6raphica!!3 inspected5
105858 "he top surfaces of concrete encasements or adAacent pipes sha!! not protrude a1ove natura! 1ed !eve! of streams0 nor sha!! it in
an3 4a3 interfere 4ith 4ater f!o4 or 1e the cause of 1ed erosion5
10585. "he Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for diversion of f!o40 if an30 over or a4a3 from the trench and sha!! de4ater the trench
immediate!3 1efore pipe !a3in6 and 9eep it de4atered unti! comp!etion of 1ac9fi!!in65 #e sha!! 1e responsi1!e for and sha!! repair
at his o4n e:pense0 foundations0 structures or other parts of the Wor9s caused 13 f!oodin6 due to fai!ure of an3 part of the
diversion or protective 4or9s or due to an3 other cause5
105856 "he Contractor sha!! remove cofferdams0 other protective 4or9s and surp!us spoi! immediate!3 after havin6 served its purpose
and sha!! reinstate the site to its ori6ina! condition5 +!oodin6 of adAacent !and0 1ed erosion or chan6es in !ocation of 4ater courses
due to the ContractorKs fai!ure to comp!3 4ith this c!ause sha!! 1e made 6ood at his o4n e:pense5
32
DWS 1110
11. CATHODIC AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION
11.1 !athodic protection
115151 ,enera!
11515151 "he cathodic protection of pipe!ines sha!! 6enera!!3 1e carried out in accordance 4ith S&*S 01/1: art 1: 7Code of ractice for
the Cathodic rotection of *uried and Su1mer6ed Structures75
1151515/ Stee! pipe!ines shou!d 1e made e!ectrica!!3 continuous 13 ensurin6 that 1ondin6 ca1!es are insta!!ed across a!! f!an6ed or f!e:i1!e
Aoints and around iso!atin6 va!ve inside the cham1ers0 a!! in accordance 4ith dra4in6s5
-n the case of reinforced and prestressed2concrete pipe!ines this 4i!! 6enera!!3 not app!3 un!ess other4ise specified5
11515153 "he cathodic protection s3stem or 4or9s provided under this Contract sha!! 1e 6uaranteed a6ainst fau!t3 desi6n0 materia!s and
4or9manship for a period of five 3ears from date of commissionin65 Durin6 this period0 the Contractor sha!! rectif3 at his o4n
cost an3 defects 4hich are the resu!t of fau!t3 desi6n0 materia!s and 4or9manship5 (orma! 4ear and tear and ma!functionin6 due
to maAor chan6es in the conditions under 4hich such s3stems or 4or9s have to operate0 other than 4eather0 and 4hich cou!d not
have 1een reasona1!3 foreseen at the time of insta!!ation0 sha!! 1e e:c!uded5
11515/ -nspection of -nsu!atin6 Coints
11515/51 &fter insta!!ation0 the insu!atin6 Aoints must 1e inspected to ensure their comp!iance 4ith the specifications and dra4in6s and to
test their efficienc3 for satisfactor3 e!ectrica! insu!ation5 "he inspection sha!! 1e 4itnessed 13 the $n6ineer0 Desi6ner of the
cathodic protection insta!!ation and Contractor5
115153 Soi! resistivit3 surve3 and report
11515351 Where a fu!! report on soi! resistivities a!on6 the pipe!ine route and 1orro4 pits for 1eddin6 and se!ected 1ac9fi!! materia! is not
avai!a1!e from separate contracts0 the Contractor sha!! carr3 out a comprehensive soi! resistivit3 surve35
1151535/ & fu!! report of such surve3 to6ether 4ith the ContractorKs proposa!s for cathodic portection of the pipe!ine and appurtenant
fittin6s sha!! 1e su1mitted to the $n6ineer at !east /8 4or9in6 da3s 1efore pipe!a3in6 is due to commence5 -n the case of
prestressed concrete pipe!ines such report sha!! 1e su1mitted at !east /8 4or9in6 da3s 1efore pipe manufacture is due to
commence5
11515353 %n acceptenace and approva! 13 the $n6ineer of the report the Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for inta!!ation of the s3stems and
4or9s re<uired for the cathodic protection of the pipe!ine5 &cceptance and/or approva! of an3 report 13 the $n6ineer sha!!
ho4ever not re!ieve the Contractor from his o1!i6ation to provide and insta!! a protective s3stem and 4or9s 4hich sha!! effective!3
and sufficient!3 afford protection to the pipe!ine and fittin6s under current and reasona1!3 foreseen conditions for a period of at
!east . 3ears0 commencin6 on the date of commissionin6 of the protective s3stem or 4or9s5
115158 Stra3 current surve3 and report
11515851 When re<uired in terms of the Contract and as soon as possi1!e after pipe!a3in6 has commenced0 9eepin6 in mind the inherent
dan6er of dama6e 4ithin a short time to unprotected pipe!ines e:posed to stra3 currents0 the Contractor sha!! carr3 out a stra3
current surve3 a!on6 the pipe!ine route5
1151585/ & fu!! report of such surve3 to6ether 4ith the ContractorKs proposa!s for protection a6ainst stra3 currents sha!! 1e su1mitted to the
$n6ineer5 %n acceptance and approva! of the recommendations 13 the $n6ineer0 the Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for
insta!!ation of a!! s3stems and 4or9s 4hich mi6ht 1e re<uired for protection of the pipe!ine0 provided a!4a3s that acceptance and
approva! 13 the $n6ineer of an3 recommendations 13 the Contractor sha!! 1e su1Aect to the conditions in C!ause 11515/535
11515853 &!! s3stems and 4or9s to protect a6ainst stra3 currents sha!! 1e desi6ned and insta!!ed in c!ose co!!a1oration 4ith the South
&frican "ransport Services 4ho sha!! have the ri6ht to inspect such s3stems and 4or9s and a!! reasona1!e instructions and/ or
re<uests from that &uthorit3 sha!! 1e met5
11515858 Shou!d in the opinion of the Contractor a temporar3 cathodic protection s3stem 1e re<uired0 recommendations to this effect sha!!
1e made for the approva! 13 the $n6ineer5
11515. Current draina6e
11515.51 Where necessar3 and 4ith the prior approva! 13 the $n6ineer current draina6e tests sha!! 1e carried out5 "hese tests sha!!
commence as soon as possi1!e after tota! insta!!ation of the pipe!ine5
"he pipe!ine itse!f must 1e e!ectrica!!3 continuous and other civi! structures e!ectrica!!3 insu!ated from pump stations0 off2ta9es
etc5 13 means of insu!atin6 f!an6e 9its0 etc5 "he pipe!ine shou!d not 1e 1onded to S&"S pipe!ines un!ess desi6ned accordin6!35
"he current draina6e test sha!! 1e of a suita1!e duration 4ith a minimum recordin6 period of 8 hours sho4in6 a c!ear and definite
potentia! shift to ne6ative0 to c!ear!3 sho4 the fo!!o4in6:
>i? (atura! conditions
>ii? (atura! draina6e >4here app!ica!1e?
>iii? +orced draina6e >4here app!ica1!e?
33
DWS 1110
"he recordin6s 4here possi1!e shou!d 1e phased over the pipe!ine route 4ith a minimum spacin6 of 1 9m0 so as to c!ear!3
i!!ustrate simu!taneous!3 the various conditions affectin6 the pipe and thus ena1!in6 the $n6ineer to desi6n a suita1!e cathodic
protection s3stem5
115156 Wor9manship
11515651 &!! materia!s0 p!ant and e<uipment insta!!ed sha!! 1e the 1est of their respective 9inds and spare parts0 rep!acements and
servicin6 faci!ities sha!! 1e readi!3 avai!a1!e from !oca! sources5
1151565/ &!! 1ondin6 ca1!es across f!e:i1!e pipe Aoints sha!! 1e dou1!e insu!ated copper ca1!es / : 16 mm/ for pipe sma!!er than ;00 mm
dia or / : 3. mm/ for pipe 6reater than ;00 mm dia fi:ed 13 thermo4e!din6 on!35 Where fi:in6 13 1o!ts0 nuts and !u6s is a!!o4ed
as mi6ht 1e the case in 1ondin6 prestressed concrete pipe!ines0 such Aoints sha!! have a ti6ht fit and materia!s sha!! 1e of such
t3pes that the ma:imum potentia! difference 1et4een dissimi!ar meta!s does not e:ceed 003 vo!ts5
11515653 *ondin6 ca1!es across f!e:i1!e pipe Aoints sha!! 1e 6iven sufficient s!ac9 to maintain f!e:i1i!it3 at Aoints or fittin6s5 Where Aoints are
provided to provide routine access0 provision sha!! 1e made that 1ondin6 ca1!es can 1e removed and rep!aced 4ithout permanent
dama6e to the ca1!e or its e!ectrica! continuit35
11515658 Where Aoints are 1onded across0 the Contractor sha!! carr3 out tests to prove comp!ete e!ectrica! continuit3 over the pipe!ine
sections 1onded5
1151565. &!! thermo4e!ds and 1are meta! areas on 1o!ts0 nuts0 !u6s and ca1!es sha!! 1e protected 13 means of a reinforced0 hot app!ied
1itumen !a3er of . mm minimum thic9ness or other accepta1!e means compati1!e 4ith the pipe coatin65
11515656 "est points sha!! 1e 1rou6ht up from the pipe to the 6round surface 13 means of po!3eth3!ene or DC dou1!e insu!ated 10 mm/
ca1!es5 "he ca1!es to terminate in 4eather and corrosion proof test 1o:es fi:ed to firm!3 concreted2in precast concrete posts5
Whenever feasi1!e these test post sha!! 1e concreted in hard up a6ainst air va!ve cham1ers or other suita1!e pipe!ine concrete
structures5 "est points sha!! 1e at appro:imate!!3 five hundred >.00? metres interva!s or such other distances as mi6ht 1e
dictated 13 conditions prevai!in6 at an3 particu!ar site5
1151565; Concrete mar9er posts sha!! 1e insta!!ed to demarcate a!! 6round 1eds5
11.2 Lightning protection
115/51 ,enera!
Where indicated in the Schedu!e of Juantities and/or roAect Specification c!auses to this specification prestressed concrete
pipe!ines sha!! 1e protected a6ainst !i6htnin6 in accordance 4ith either of the t4o a!ternative s3stems hereinafter specified5
115/5/ *uried counter2poise 4ire s3stem
115/5/51 "he !i6htnin6 protection s3stem is re<uired for each of 6 different conditions to 1e encountered and 4hich are c!assified as
fo!!o4s for reference purposes:
"3pe &: restressed concrete pipe!ine sections 1uried in the 6round and 4here the depth of the soi! measured vertica!!3 on
the sides of the trench is not !ess than three2<uarters of the distance from 6round !eve! to the 1ottom of the pipes5
"3pe *: restressed concrete pipe!ine sections 1uried in the 6round and 4here the depth of the soi! measured vertica!!3 on
the sides of the trench is !ess than three2<uarters of the distance from 6round !eve! to the 1ottom of the pipes5
"3pe C: &t the termina! ends of the 1uried prestressed concrete pipe!ine 4here it connects onto 1uried stee! pipin65
"3pe D: &t sections a!on6 the 1uried prestressed concrete pipe!ine 4here sections of stee! pipin6 are insta!!ed 4hich rise
a1ove 6round !eve! for the purpose of insta!!in6 in2!ine va!ves0 or 4here sections of stee! pipin6 are insta!!ed in
cu!verts 1e!o4 roads or rai! crossin6s5
"3pe $: &t sections a!on6 the 1uried prestressed concrete pipe!ine 4here the concrete pipes are e!evated a1ove 6round5
"3pe +: &t sections a!on6 the 1uried prestressed concrete pipe!ine 4here concrete pipes or stee! pipe sections are encased
in concrete 1e!o4 the river 1ed at river crossin6s5
115/5/5/ "he !i6htnin6 protection s3stem to 1e provided for the various conditions to 1e encountered sha!! 1e as descri1ed 1e!o4 and
depicted on the tender dra4in60 un!ess other4ise instructed 13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin65
115/5/5/51 +or a!! conditions of t3pe 7&7 five continous conductors sha!! 1e emp!o3ed5 "he disposition of the conductors sha!! 1e a!on6 each
1ottom corner of the pipe trench0 one vertica!!3 a1ove each of these and !a3in6 in a hori@onta! p!ane not !ess than 300 mm a1ove
the uppermost outer surface of the concrete pipe!ine0 and the fifth conductor !a3in6 in the same hori@onta! p!ane as the !atter t4o
conductors and direct!3 a1ove the pipe!ine a:is5
"he five conductors sha!! 1e 1onded to6ether at interva!s of 300 metres 4ith inverted 7)7 conductor 1onds5 "he 1ondin6 of the
conductors sha!! 1e 4ith the aid of short sections of conductor 4ire and compression co!!ars5 "he vertica! !en6ths of the inverted
7)7 1ond conductors sha!! 1e c!ear of the outside surface of the pipe 13 not !ess than 300 mmQ stap!es sha!! 1e driven into the
trench side4a!!s to maintain this minimum c!earance durin6 trench 1ac9fi!!in65
&!! conductors sha!! 1e surrounded 13 soi! 4hich sha!! 1e 4e!! compacted5
34
DWS 1110
"he conductors !aid para!!e! 4ith the pipe!ine sha!! 1e free of sudden 1ends and 9in9s and a!! Aoints in the !on6itudina! conductors
sha!! 1e !ap Aoints 4ith t4o compression co!!ars5 "he num1er of Aoints in !on6itudina! conductors sha!! 1e 9ept to a minimum5
115/5/5/5/ +or a!! conditions of t3pe 7*7 the five continuous conductor s3stem specified a1ove for t3pe 7&7 sha!! 1e emp!o3ed and in addition
thereto the num1er of continuous !on6itudina! conductors in the hori@onta! p!ane a1ove the pipes sha!! 1e increased from three to
si: 4ith the conductors spaced even!3 apart5 "he ei6ht conductor s3stem sha!! run the entire !en6th of the pipe!ine section under
t3pe 7*7 conditions and0 in addition0 e:tend at each end of this section for a distance of 10 metres5 -nverted 7)7 conductor 1onds
sha!! 1e insta!!ed at the commencement and the end of each ei6ht conductor protection s3stem5 -n addition the entire pipe trench
in such areas sha!! 1e 1ac9fi!!ed 4ith soi! approved 13 the $n6ineer5
115/5/5/53 +or a!! conditions of t3pe 7C7 the !on6itudina! conductors sha!! terminate 4ith the insta!!ation of an inverted 7)7 conductor 1ond
4ith the e:ception of the upper t4o outer conductors 4hich sha!! e:tend 1e3ond the 7)7 1ond and rise to 6round !eve! 4here each
conductor sha!! 1e connected to a !o4 vo!ta6e sur6e diverter or 6ap unit5 & short !en6th of DC insu!ated ca1!e sha!! 1e run from
each sur6e diverter or 6ap unit and 1e 1onded to the stee! pipe!ine5 "he connections 1et4een the coated stee! pipe and the
sur6e diverter sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 insu!ated and sea!ed from contact 4ith the 6round usin6 means approved 13 the $n6ineer so
as to o1viate the possi1i!it3 of stra3 DC current enterin6 the protected stee! pipe4or95
"he sur6e diverter units sha!! 1e insta!!ed in concrete cham1ers to 1e 1ui!t a1ove 6round !eve!5 "he cham1ers sha!! 1e fitted 4ith
cast2iron !oc9a1!e manho!e covers5 "he construction of these cham1ers sha!! 1e such that the3 4i!! never 1ecome 4ater!o66ed5
115/5/5/58 +or a!! condition of t3pe 7D7 inverted 7)7 conductor 1onds sha!! 1e insta!!ed at the termina! ends of the concrete pipe sections and
the protection s3stem specified for t3pe 7C7 conditions insta!!ed at 1oth ends of the stee! pipe section5 -n addition0 the !on6itudina!
conductors protectin6 the concrete pipe sections sha!! 1e continued and run to6ether in a para!!e! sha!!o4 trench a!on6side the
pipe!ine0 and not more than 3 metres in p!an a4a3 from it5 "he conductors sha!! 1e 1uried in soi! free of stones or roc9s and the
soi! 4e!! compacted5
115/5/5/5. +or a!! conditions of t3pe 7$7 inverted 7)7 conductor 1onds sha!! 1e insta!!ed Aust 1efore the pipe!ine 1ecomes e:posed and the
conductors run to6ether in a para!!e! sha!!o4 trench a!on6side the pipe!ine over the distance the pipe!ine is e!evated a1ove the
6round5 Where the pipe!ine a6ain enters the 6round these re<uirements app!3 accordin6!35
115/5/5/56 +or a!! conditions of t3pe 7+7 inverted 7)7 conductor 1onds sha!! 1e insta!!ed Aust 1efore the pipe!ine is encased in concrete for the
4et crossin6 and the conductors run to6ether in a sha!!o4 trench e:cavated under the upstream 1ottom ed6e of the concrete
encasement5 "he conductors sha!! 1e surrounded 4ith soi! 4hich sha!! 1e compacted in the trench 1efore the concrete
encasement is cast5 Where the concrete encasement ends and the pipe!ine continues 1uried in the 6round these re<uirements
app!3 accordin6!35
115/5/53 Materia!s to 1e used
115/5/5351 "he materia! to 1e used for the 1are !on6itudina! conductors and inverted 7)7 conductor 1onds sha!! 1e austenitic stain!ess stee!
to &-S- t3pe 73167 and in the form of three strand /0. mm thic9 annea!ed 4ire havin6 a tota! cross2sectiona! area of 1.08 mm/5
#o4ever0 a!ternative prices sha!! a!so 1e su1mitted in the tender on the 1asis of usin6 hard dra4n copper conductors of the same
ph3sica! dimensions and form as specified a1ove for stain!ess stee! conductors5
115/5/535/ "he compression t3pe s!eeve fittin6s for !ap Aoinin6 ca1!es sha!! 1e in the same materia! as the conductors to 1e Aoined5
115/5/5353 "he DC insu!ated ca1!e specified sha!! 1e ;0 mm/ strand copper conductor5
115/5/5358 "he sur6e diverter or 6ap unit sha!! have an impu!se 1rea9do4n vo!ta6e of not more than . 9D and sha!! 1e capa1!e of passin6
sur6e current of 10 9& 4ithout dama6e5
115/5/535. (o dissimi!ar meta!s sha!! 1e Aoined havin6 a potentia! difference e:ceedin6 003 vo!ts5
115/5/58 & comp!ete cathodic protection surve3 sha!! 1e carried out and a!! conductors suita1!3 protected a6ainst 6a!vanic or e!ectro!3tic
corrosion5 -n addition0 from inverted 7)7 conductor 1onds at 1 /00 metres interva!s0 tests !eads sha!! 1e 1rou6ht up to 4aterproof
test 1o:es on concrete posts5
115/53 Continuous 1ondin6 of !on6itudina! prestresin6 4ires
115/5351 "he !on6itudina! 4ires in the prestressed concrete pipes sha!! 1e 1onded to6ether 13 circumferentia! hoops in the pipes core
4hich ma9e fu!! contact 4ith each !on6itudina! 4ire5
115/535/ Continuit3 across soc9et Aoints sha!! 1e 13 means of 30 .0 mm 4ide 13 3 mm thic9 t3pe 73167 stain!ess stee! strips 1o!ted to the
ends of the !o6itudina! prestressin6 4ires at each end of the pipe and spaced 1/0 de6rees apart around the perimeter5
115/5353 Where stee! 1e!! rin6s are used on the pipe soc9et ends the stain!ess stee! strips on soc9et ends sha!! 1e ta9en up f!ush a6ainst
pipe ends and 1e tac924e!ded onto the 1e!! rin65 "he stain!ess stee! strips on spi6ot ends sha!! 1e curved to 6ive sprin6 contact
4ith the 1e!! rin6 4hen pipes are Aointed5 "he stain!ess stee! strip on spi6ot ends sha!! 1e of sufficient !en6th to ensure the sprin6
contact 4ith the 1e!! 4hen the curve in the strip is compressed durin6 Aointin65
115/5358 %n pipes 4ithout stee! 1e!! rin6s0 stain!ess stee! strips on spi6ot ends sha!! 1e as for the a1ove0 1ut can 1e shorter in !en6th as
sprin6 contact 4ith the 1e!! rin6 4i!! not 1e re<uired5 "he strips on soc9et ends sha!! 1e rep!aced 13 a continuous strip of t3pe
73167 stain!ess stee! at !east ;. mm 4ide 13 3 mm thic9 around the perimeter of the pipe end and p!aced such that fu!! contact
4ith curved strips on spi6ot ends 4i!! 1e o1tained 4hen pipes are Aointed5 &!ternative!3 the continuous strip of stain!ess stee! can
1e rep!aced 13 3 strips at !east 300 mm !on6 a!on6 the perimeter and spaced 1/0 de6rees apart5 "he strips sha!! 1e firm!3 fi:ed
to the concrete to prevent separation at a!! sta6es of pipe!a3in65 ipes sha!! have suita1!e mar9s on the outside to ensure proper
matin6 of contacts durin6 !a3in65
115/535. $ach Aoint sha!! 1e chec9ed for continuit3 after pipe !a3in65
35
DWS 1110
115/5356 "he Continuous e!ectrica! circuit throu6h the !on6itudina! prestressin6 4ires sha!! 1e interrupted at interva!s of appro:imate!3 1
9m 4ith a 324a3 spar9 6ap0 the centre e!ectrode 1ein6 connected to a 6rounded !ead5
115/535; Care sha!! 1e e:ercised durin6 ma9in6 6ood of interior Aoints0 if an30 that the e!ectrica! continuit3 at Aoints is not interrupted5
115/5358 &fter comp!etion of a pipe!ine and after a!! Aoints have 1een made 6ood0 the e!ectrica! continuit3 of the pipe!ine sha!! 1e chec9ed
over sections 1et4een 324a3 spar9 6aps5 "he Contractor sha!! at his o4n e:pense search and detect interruption in continuit3
and sha!! repair same to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer5
12. HYDROSTATIC TESTING
12.1 0eneral
1/5151 ipe!ines sha!! 1e h3drostatica!!3 tested as pipe!a3in6 proceeds and after insta!!ation of a!! va!ves0 specia!s and fittin6s5
1/515/ "he Contractor sha!! 1e responsi1!e for providin6 a!! 4ater re<uired for testin60 the source of 4hich sha!! 1e su1Aect to approva! 13
the $n6ineer5
1/5153 "he !en6th of pipe!ine to 1e tested in one operation sha!! 1e as approved 13 the $n6ineer5
1/5158 Where the method of test is in an3 4a3 in variance to this specification0 the Contractor sha!! su1mit a detai!ed method statement
to the $n6ineer and no test sha!! proceed 1efore approva! of such method statement 13 the $n6ineer5
12.2 2est pressures
1/5/51 "est pressures sha!! 1e as indicated on the tender dra4in6s5 "est pressures sha!! 6enera!!3 1e 10/. times the pipe!ine desi6n
pressure for desi6n pressures up to and inc!udin6 30/ Ma and 101 times the desi6n pressure for hi6her pressures5 Desi6n
pressure sha!! 1e ta9en as the ma:imum pressure to 4hich pipe!ines mi6ht 1e su1Aected under a!! conditions of operation and
sha!! inc!ude a!!o4ance for transient pressures5
1/5/5/ "est pressures over an3 !en6th or section of pipe!ine under test0 ta9in6 possi1!e differences in e!evation a!on6 the pipe!ine into
account0 sha!! 1e such that the test pressure at an3 point a!on6 the section is not !ess than 151 times nor 6reater than 1080 times
the desi6n pressure at these points5
12.3 Lea)age rates
1/5351 'ea9a6e of a pipe!ine under test0 ta9en as the a66re6ate <uantit3 of 4ater added over a /8 hour period to reinstate re<uired test
pressure0 sha!! not e:ceed <uantities e<uiva!ent to the fo!!o4in6:
1/535151 restressed concrete0 reinforced concrete and fi1re2cement pipe!ines 2 1/3 000 of the vo!ume of 4ater in the section under test5
1/53515/ Stee! pipe!ines 4ith f!e:i1!e Aoints 2 1/3 .00 of the vo!ume of 4ater in the section under test5
1/535153 Stee! pipe!ines and c3!inder t3pe prestressed concrete pipe!ines 4ith 4e!ded Aoints 2 1/8 000 of the vo!ume of 4ater in the section
under test5
1/535/ "he !ea9a6e rate at an3 one Aoint in the section under test sha!! not e:ceed the fo!!o4in6:
J F &!!o4a1!e !ea9a6e in /8 h of pipe!ine under test in !itres//0(
Where J F 'ea9a6e rate in !itres/hour
( F (um1er of Aoints in section under test
12.4 +tate of valves during test
1/5851 "he state of va!ves durin6 the test sha!! 1e as fo!!o4s:
1/585151 -n2!ine iso!atin6 va!ves open0 e:cept 4here used to iso!ate a test !en6th5
1/58515/ Scour iso!atin6 va!ves c!osed5
1/585153 %ff2ta9e iso!atin6 va!ves c!osed5
1/585158 Scour s!eeve va!ves open un!ess no scour iso!atin6 va!ve is provided5
1/58515. &ir va!ve iso!atin6 va!ves open5
1/585156 *3e2pass iso!atin6 va!ves to in2!ine iso!atin6 va!ves and ref!u:2va!ves c!osed5
36
DWS 1110
1/585/ "he Contractor sha!! 1e permitted to test a6ainst a c!osed in2!ine iso!atin6 va!ve5 #e shou!d 1ear in mind ho4ever that va!ve 6ates
and sea!s are not e:pected to c!ose drop ti6ht at differentia! pressures e:ceedin6 the desi6n pressure of the va!ve5 Desi6n
pressures of va!ves sha!! 1e e<uiva!ent to a pipe!ines fie!d test pressure5 (o re!a:ation of specified !ea9a6e rates sha!! 1e
permitted due to !ea9s past 6ates0 1!ades or sea!s of iso!atin6 va!ves5
12.5 .ethod of testing
1/5.51 "he Contractor sha!! provide an approved test pump0 an accurate 4ater meter0 sea!ed pressure 6au6e and auto6raphic pressure
recorder0 tested and certified 13 an independent testin6 or6anisation0 and a!! other e<uipment0 materia!s and !a1our re<uired for
the test5
1/5.5/ "he section of pipe!ine to 1e tested sha!! 1e c!ean and c!osed off at the ends 13 iso!atin6 va!ves0 end caps or approved end2
c!osure pieces5 +ree ends sha!! 1e firm!3 strutted a6ainst so!id supports or thrust 1!oc9s desi6ned to 4ithstand safe!3 / times the
ca!cu!ated end thrust under ma:imum test pressure5 -t sha!! 1e incum1ent on the Contractor to esta1!ish the need for 1!an9
f!an6es or iso!atin6 va!ve f!an6es in order to !imit !ea9a6e rates past 6ates0 1!ades and sea!s5
1/5.53 "estin6 4ater ma3 1e introduced at an3 air va!ve 4ithin the portion of the pipe!ine under test5 & test manifo!d sha!! 1e p!aced
1et4een the se!ected air va!ve and its iso!atin6 va!ve5 "he manifo!d sha!! 1e provided 4ith three 1ranches0 each fitted 4ith drop2
ti6ht va!ves5 "he main 1ranch sha!! 1e si@ed to suit the ContractorKs test pump connection5 "he t4o sma!!er 1ranches sha!! not
1e !ess than 1/ mm nomina! 1ore fitted 4ith heav3 dut3 need!e va!ves and reducers to suit pressure 6au6e connections5 &
pressure 6au6e and a auto6raphic pressure 6au6e respective!3 sha!! 1e connected to each of the sma!!er 1ranches5 & 4ater
meter carr3in6 a va!id ca!i1ration certificate sha!! 1e insta!!ed 1et4een the pump and test manifo!d5 "he Contractor sha!!
accurate!3 determine the reduced !eve! at the auto6raphic pressure 6au6es and enter this !eve! on the recorder chart5 "he
Contractor sha!! a!so enter the reduced !eve! of the hi6hest and !o4est invert of the section under test on the recorder chart5
1/5.58 "he section of pipe!ine to 1e tested sha!! 1e s!o4!3 fi!!ed 4ith c!ean 4ater of <ua!it3 to the $n6ineerKs approva!0 6reat care 1ein6
e:ercised to remove a!! air from the pipe!ine5 "he section of pipe!ine under test sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 fi!!ed 4ith 4ater and 9ept fu!!
for not !ess than ; da3s in the case of prestressed concrete pipe!ines0 not !ess than 3 da3s in the case of fi1re2cement pipe!ines
or stee! pipe!ines 4ith concrete !inin6s and not !ess than 1 hour in the case of un!ined stee! pipe!ines or stee! pipe!ines 4ith !inin6s
other than concrete5
1/5.5. Durin6 this initia! fi!!in6 sta6e0 the pipe!ine Aoints and a!! specia!s0 fittin6s and va!ves sha!! 1e visua!!3 inspected for visi1!e !ea9s
and same rectified 1efore proceedin6 4ith the test5
1/5.56 &fter the specified a1sorption period and 4ith the pipe!ine fu!! of 4ater0 the auto6raphic recorder sha!! 1e put into operation at
!east 1. minutes 1efore pressurisation of the pipe!ine commences5 Water sha!! 1e added unti! the re<uired test pressure is
reached 4hereupon the va!ve on the test manifo!d sha!! 1e c!osed and sea!ed5 "he readin6 on the 4ater meter sha!! 1e recorded5
1/5.5; "he pressure sha!! 1e maintained for one hour and if a pressure drop occurs0 more 4ater sha!! 1e added to reinstate the test
pressure and the va!ve c!osed a6ain5 "he <uantit3 of 4ater added sha!! 1e measured 13 recordin6 the readin6s 1efore and after
pumpin65 "his procedure sha!! 1e repeated for a period of /8 hours0 4ith 4ater added at hour!3 interva!s 4here necessar3 to
reinstate pressure and 4ater meter readin6s recorded5 &t the end of the /8 hours period0 the a66re6ate <uantit3 of 4ater
re<uired to reinstate pressure over /8 hours sha!! 1e determined5
1/5.58 "he Contractor sha!! 6ive the $n6ineer 88 hours 4ritten notice of his intention to commence pressure testin6 and the $n6ineer
ma3 attend and supervise a!! or an3 part of tests5 &!! records0 recordin6 charts and the attached du!3 comp!eted h3drostatic test
certificate sha!! 1e handed to the $n6ineer as soon as tests over an3 section have 1een comp!eted5
1/5.59 &!! va!ves0 specia!s0 fittin6s and e:posed Aoints0 sha!! 1e inspected visua!!3 durin6 the /8 hours pipe!ine test and a!! visi1!e si6ns of
!ea9s0 s4eatin6 and distress sha!! 1e reported and attended to 4ithout de!a35
1/5.510 -mmediate!3 after comp!etion of the prescri1ed /8 hours h3drostatic test0 a!! air va!ves sha!! 1e tested in turn 1efore test pressure
in the pipe!ine is re!eased5 $ach air va!ve sha!! 1e iso!ated and the drain p!u6 removed5 "he air va!ve 1a!!s and an3 actuatin6
!in9a6e sha!! 4or9 free!3 4ithout restraint5 "he iso!atin6 va!ve sha!! 1e chec9ed for !ea9a6e 1efore rep!acin6 the p!u65 +ina!!30 the
automatic resea!in6 of the air va!ves sha!! 1e chec9ed 13 re2openin6 the iso!atin6 va!ve5
1/5.511 &fter comp!etion of tests on air va!ves0 the section of pipe!ine under test sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 refi!!ed 4ith 4ater0 if necessar30 and
pressurised to static head sho4n on the dra4in6s5 $ach scour va!ve sha!! 1e chec9ed 13 openin6 iso!atin6 va!ves and s!eeve
va!ves 4here app!ica1!e for a duration sufficient to chec9 the comp!ete openin6 and c!osin6 c3c!es5 -f necessar30 the pipe!ine
sha!! 1e refi!!ed after each individua! test and re2pressurised to static pipe!ine head in order to test a!! scours 4ithin the section
under test5
12.6 -emedial measures
1/5651 Shou!d the ma:imum !ea9a6e !imits as specified 1e e:ceeded0 the Contractor sha!! determine the position and cause of the !ea9s
and sha!! ta9e remedia! measures at his o4n e:pense and to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer to stop such !ea9s and ensure the
specified de6ree of 4ater ti6htness5 )nder no circumstances sha!! peenin6 1e permitted as a means for stoppin6 !ea9s0 nor sha!!
the pipe!ine 1e a!!o4ed to remain under e:tended period of pressure to a!!o4 se!f sea!in6 4ith or 4ithout sea!in6 aids in the test
4ater5 &n3 !ea9a6es from va!ves not supp!ied under this contract and 4hich cannot 1e easi!3 stopped 13 6!and adAustment 4i!! 1e
the responsi1i!it3 of the va!ve supp!ier5 "he Contractor sha!! in the case of !atter event occurin6 provide and insta!! 1!an9 f!an6es
to sea! off !ea9s and to a!!o4 testin6 operations to proceed or to 1e speeded2up5 "he supp!3 and insta!!ation of these 1!an9
f!an6es sha!! 1e covered 13 a variation to the contract at the rates indicated in the Schedu!e of Juantities5
1/565/ -f durin6 the contract period of maintenance0 the num1er of !ea9s and other defects is considered 13 the $n6ineer to 1e more
than cou!d reasona1!3 1e e:pected from a 4e!! !aid pipe!ine operatin6 under norma! coditions0 he ma3 order the Contractor to re2
37
DWS 1110
test parts or the 4ho!e of the pipe!ine at the ContractorKs o4n e:pense and no c!aims for esca!ation in costs or for 4hatever other
reasons the Contractor mi6ht consider to su1mit c!aims sha!! 1e considered0 e:cept 4here such re2tests are the resu!t from
dama6es caused to the pipe!ine 13 the $mp!o3er5
13. +21-3L39'23:6
1351 &!! pipe!ines for the conve3ance of pota1!e 4ater sha!! 1e steri!i@ed5
135/ &s soon as the 4ho!e pipe!ine has passed a h3drostatic test0 test 4ater sha!! 1e scoured to ensure a f!ushin6 ve!ocit3 of not !ess
than 1 m/sec21 over the entire !en6th of the pipe!ine5
1353 ota1!e 4ater treated 4ith sodium h3poch!oride or ca!cium h3poch!oride or ch!orine 6as to a ch!orine concentration of not !ess
than . m6!21 free avai!a1!e ch!orine0 sha!! 1e introduced into the pipe!ine or section of pipe!ine to 1e steri!i@ed5 %n comp!etion of
fi!!in6 4ith ch!orinated 4ater the ch!orine concentration in 4ater samp!ed at an3 point a!on6 the section of pipe!ine fi!!ed0 sha!! not
1e !ess than 3 m6!21 free avai!a1!e ch!orine5
1358 -n determinin6 ch!orine concentrations the Contractor sha!! satifsf3 the $n6ineer that the method adopted does measure free
avai!a1!e ch!orine concentration and not tota! ch!orine residua!s0 the !atter 1ein6 the easier to determine 13 means of simp!e
comparators5
135. Ch!orinated 4ater sha!! 1e retained for at !east / hours durin6 4hich a!! air va!ves0 in2!ine iso!atin6 va!ves0 13epass va!ves0 1ranch
iso!atin6 va!ves and scours sha!! 1e operated in order to e:pose a!! interior surfaces of these appurtenances to the ch!orinated
4ater5
1356 &fter / hours retention of ch!orinated 4ater in the pipe!ine0 samp!es dra4n at an3 point a!on6 the pipe!ine sha!! contain not !ess
than 00. m6!21 free residua! ch!orine5 Where necessar30 additiona! ch!orine sha!! 1e inAected to maintain ch!orine residua!s0
provided a!4a3s that the / hours minimum retention time 4ith 4ater containin6 an initia! free ch!orine residua! of at !east 3 m6!21
and a fina! free residua! of not !ess than 00. m6!21 is maintained5
135; %n comp!etion of steri!i@ation of an3 section of pipe!ine0 the 4ater in that section ma3 1e retained or ma3 1e passed a!on6 the
pipe!ine to other sections to 1e steri!i@ed5
1358 rovided c!ean!iness of pipe!ines has 1een maintained durin6 transport0 stora6e and !a3in6 and provided futhermore that testin6
4ater is of pota1!e <ua!it30 the $n6ineer ma3 a!!o4 the introduction of ch!orine 6as or compounds into 4ater durin6 h3drostatic
testin6 of pipe!ines5 Shou!d in these instances entr3 into the pipe!ine 1e necessar3 at an3 sta6e to repair !ea9s or sha!! the interior
surfaces of an3 pipe0 fittin60 va!ve or simi!ar appurtenance 1e touched 13 humans0 e<uipment etc0 portions so affected sha!! 1e
re2steri!i@ed5
1359 rovided the p# of 4ater used for the steri!i@ation of pipe!ines can 1e proved to 1e !ess than ;0. 1efore introduction of ch!orine0
the retention period of ch!orinated 4ater in the pipe!ine ma3 1e reduced from / hours minimum to S hour minimum5
14. DRAINAGE OF PIPELINE
1851 Standin6 4ater in a pipe!ine can !ead to anaero1ic conditions 4here su!phate reducin6 1acteria can cause corrosion5 &fter a
pipe!ine has 1een h3drostatica!!3 tested and steri!i@ed0 if re<uired0 it sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 drained of a!! 4ater0 inc!udin6 pumpin6
out of a!! !o4 !a3in6 areas such as at scours0 etc5 Sections that 4i!! not need refi!!in6 for testin6 or steri!a@ation shou!d 1e drained
sooner5
"his 4i!! 6enera!!3 app!3 un!ess other4ise instructed 13 the $n6ineer5
38
DWS 1110
15. MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION WORKS AND WORKMANSHIP
15.1 $encing
1.5151 "emporar3 fences
1.515151 "emporar3 fences sha!! 1e stoc9proof5
1.51515/ Where used to fence off the pipe!ine 4or9in6 area across properties or camps protected 13 vermin2proof fencin60 7Aac9a! proof7
nettin6 4ire sha!! 1e provided5
1.515153 "he minimum standard sha!! 1e five strands of /0. mm thic9 6a!vanised 4ire0 sufficient!3 spaced5
1.515158 "he Contractor sha!! supp!30 insta!! and maintain temporar3 6ates of the standard as specified hereunder at such points as
intructed 13 the $n6ineer for access across the temporari!3 fenced off 4or9in6 area or to parts of properties severed 13
temporar3 fences5
1.515/ ermanent stoc92proof fences
1.515/51 !ain stoc9 fencin6 sha!! 1e 10/ metre hi6h and sha!! have at !east 6 strands of dou1!e 1ar1ed0 /0. mm thic9 6a!vanised 4ire or
sin6!e 1ar1ed0 /09. mm thic9 6a!vanised 4ire5 Spacin6 of 4ire strands sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith the 6enera! practice for
fencin6 in the particu!ar area5
1.515/5/ +encin6 standards at !east 108 metre !on6 either of 3 96m21 iron -2section or creosote impre6nated hard4ood of ;0 to 100 mm
minimum diameter sha!! 1e erected vertica!!3 and 1e spaced at 1/ metres interva!s 4ith at !east / droppers of !en6th minimum ;.
mm more than fence hei6ht0 1et4een standards5
1.515/53 Droppers sha!! either 1e rid6ed "2section iron droppers or creosote impre6nated hard4ood of 30 mm minimum diameter or
t4isted 6a!vanised 4ire droppers of dou1!e 8 mm thic9 4ire5
1.515/58 &t each chan6e of direction and at interva!s not e:ceedin6 800 metres on strai6hts0 strainin6 or corner posts sha!! 1e provided5
Strainin6 or corner posts sha!! 1e /01 metres !on60 1uried to a depth of at !east ;.0 mm into the 6round and proper!3 sta3ed in the
direction of direct pu!! of the 4ire5 *ac9fi!!in6 in a!! post ho!es sha!! 1e thorou6h!3 conso!idated to 6ive ade<uated support5 Where
necessar3 or instructed 13 the $n6ineer0 strainin6 or corner posts sha!! 1e concreted2in5 Strainin6 and/or corner posts sha!!
either 1e rai! section of 10 96m21 mass or stee! tu1in6 of 100 mm minimum nomina! 1ore or creosote impre6nated hard4ood of
1.0 mm minimum diameter5 $ach stee! post sha!! have a 1ase p!ate of si@e at !east /30 : /30 : . mm and in the case of tu1u!ar
posts0 a pressed stee! or cast iron cap at the top5
1.515/5. Materia!s for posts0 struts0 droppers etc sha!! suit c!imatic and soi! conditions and the Contractor sha!! 1e 6uided in his choice of
materia!s 13 e:istin6 fencin6 practices in the area concerned5
1.515/56 Stee! and iron strainin6 posts and struts sha!! 1e 6iven one coat of 1itumen 1ased a!uminium paint after erection5
1.5153 ermanent vermin2proof fencin6
Dermin2proof fencin6 sha!! 1e constructed as for p!ain stoc9 fencin6 4ith at !east 3 supportin6 strands of /08 mm thic9 hi6h strain
stee! 4ire0 G1 metre hi6h covered 4ith ;. m : 108 mm thic9 7Aac9a! proof7 nettin6 4ire5 & further sin6!e strand of dou1!e 1ar1ed
/0. mm thic9 6a!vanised 4ire sha!! 1e p!aced G/00 mm a1ove the netted area5 (ettin6 4ire sha!! 1e p!aced so as to prevent
vermin from creepin6 under5
1.5158 ,ates
1.515851 ,ates sha!! 1e sin6!e !eaf appro:imate!3 8 300 mm openin6 and 1 /00 mm hi6h5 "he3 sha!! 1e of 4e!ded tu1u!ar construction
1raced dia6ona!!3 in 1oth directions5 "he 6ates sha!! 1e of approved desi6n 1ut in an3 case the frame sha!! 1e of medium <ua!it3
6a!vanised tu1in6 of 80 mm minimum 1ore and the 1races sha!! 1e of 6a!vanised tu1in6 of 3/ mm minimum 1ore5 &!! 4e!ds sha!!
1e thorou6h!3 c!eaned and 4ire 1rushed and treated 4ith an approved co!d 6a!vanisin6 so!ution5
1.51585/ +rames sha!! 1e covered 4ith hori@onta! 6a!vanised 4ires at //0 mm centres 4here 6ates are to 1e insta!!ed in stoc9proof fences5
,ates for insta!!ation in vermin2proof fences sha!! 1e covered 4ith 6a!vanised .0 mm diamond 4ire mesh of /0.0 mm thic9 4ire5
1.515853 &!! 6ates sha!! 1e hun6 hori@onta!!3 in an approved manner on 1o:ed sta3s consistin6 of pairs of cross 1raced and strutted 10
96m21 iron rai!s or creosote impre6nated hard4ood of 1.0 mm minimum diameter0 a!! posts firm!3 concreted in5 *o:ed sta3s
sha!! 1e provided on 1oth sides of the 6ate5
1.515858 &!! 6ates sha!! 1e p!aced in !ine 4ith e:istin6 fences5
1.51585. ,ates0 and a!! posts0 sta3s and struts sha!! 1e 6iven one coat of 1itumen 1ased a!uminium paint after erection5
1.515856 &!! 6ates sha!! 1e provided 4ith the 6a!vanised !oc9in6 chain 4e!ded to the 6ate post5
15.2 !oncrete (or)
1.5/51 ,enera!
3
DWS 1110
1.5/5151 &!! concrete 4or9 sha!! 1e finished to the !ines0 !eve!s0 s!opes and out!ines sho4n on the dra4in6s or as other4ise directed5
1.5/515/ &!! e:posed concrete surfaces sha!! 1e finished such that surface irre6u!arities sha!! not e:ceed a to!erance of G 8 mm and sha!!
1e ru11ed do4n 4ith a car1orundum stone to present a surface of even co!our and a smooth and p!easin6 appearance5 &!!
e:posed ed6es sha!! 1e chamfered 13 a 80 mm chamfers fi:ed to shutterin65 )n!ess other4ise specified a!! f!oors sha!! have a
4ood2f!oat finish5
1.5/5153 Surfaces sha!! 1e free from hone3com1in6 and e:crescences5 #one3com1in6 to the e:tent that in the opinion of the $n6ineer
the stren6th of the structure is impaired or the reinforcement is su1Aect to corrosion or !ac9 of 1ond0 sha!! 1e removed and
rep!aced 4ith satisfactor3 concrete at the ContractorKs e:pense 4ithin ;/ hours of the concrete ori6ina!!3 1ein6 p!aced5
1.5/5158 "he minimum concrete cover to reinforcement of concrete surfaces permanent!3 in contact 4ith 6round sha!! 1e .0 mm and for
a!! other surfaces sha!! 1e 80 mm5
1.5/515. &!! precast units sha!! 1e stee!2tro4e!!ed on upper surfaces to present a dense0 homo6enous surface5
1.5/5156 S!i6ht spa!!in6 of top ed6es of manho!es to 1e covered 13 precast or cast2in2situ cover s!a1s sha!! 1e permitted0 provided the
ma:imum dimension of the spa!! measured a!on6 an3 face sha!! not e:ceed /. mm and provided further that no reinforcement is
e:posed5 "he ma:imum permissi1!e difference in an3 of the t4o measurements ta9en to opposite corners dia6ona!!3 across
rectan6u!ar or s<uare structures sha!! not e:ceed /SE of that measurement ca!cu!ated from the dra4in65 "he to!erance in
thic9ness of 4a!!s or cover s!a1s sha!! 1e G1. mm5
1.5/5/ "hrust 1!oc9s
1.5/5/51 *efore an3 thrust 1!oc9 is cast0 the pipe specia! or fittin6 sha!! 1e supported and secured in its correct a!i6nment and sha!! 1e
Aointed to the adAacent pipe4or95
1.5/5/5/ "he 4idth of an3 thrust 1!oc9 sha!! 1e !imited to 1 .00 mm either side of pipe or specia! centre !ine to ensure space for future
pipe!ines in the same servitude5 Concrete faces of thrust 1!oc9s sha!! 1e a minimum of //. mm from f!an6es and 300 mm from
f!e:i1!e coup!in6 centres5 "he 1earin6 face of thrust 1!oc9s sha!! 1e cast a6ainst undistur1ed soi! or roc95
1.5/53 Da!ve cham1ers
1.5/5351 Cham1ers for iso!atin6 va!ves0 air va!ves0 scour va!ves0 meters0 access manho!es etc sha!! 1e constructed in accordance 4ith
approved dra4in6s5
1.5/535/ Care sha!! 1e ta9en that the e!evation of air 1ric9s and tops is such that no in6ress of surface run2off or 6round 4ater into
cham1ers can occur5
1.5/58 $ncased pipe4or9
1.5/5851 Where stee! pipes and/or specia!s are permanent!3 encased in concrete0 e565 in thrust 1!oc9s0 4a!!s of concrete va!ve cham1ers0
stream crossin6s0 etc0 the coatin6 over the portion to 1e so encased sha!! 1e to the same standard as the rest of the pipe!ine0
e:cept 4here indicated to the contrar3 in the Schedu!e of Juantities or on the dra4in6s5
1.5/585/ Whenever it is necessar3 to encase concrete or fi1re2cement pipes in concrete0 the f!e:i1!e Aoints sha!! not 1e encased and the
concrete sha!! terminate 300 mm from the f!e:i1!e Aoint5
1.5/5853 "hrust/pudd!e f!an6es of pipes or specia!s encased in concrete sha!! 1e painted 4ith one coat of 1itumen primer and t4o coats of
1itumastic paint to a dr3 fi!m thic9ness of 180 micrometres5
15.3 *ric)(or)
1.5351 *ric94or9 is to 1e 1ui!t to the dimensions0 thic9nesses and hei6hts as sho4n on the dra4in6s5
1.535/ &!! Aoints sha!! 1e comp!ete!3 fi!!ed 4ith mortar5 Coints to face 1ric94or9 sha!! 1e neat!3 rounded 4ith a 10 mm diameter 6roovin6
too! 4hi!e faces of common 1ric94or9 4hich are to 1e p!astered0 sha!! have Aoints ra9ed out to a depth of 1/ mm to ensure 6ood
p!aster 1ond5
1.5353 Mortar sha!! consist of one part cement to four parts approved sand 13 vo!ume and sha!! 1e used 4ithin one hour of mi:in65
1.5358 *ric94or9 sha!! 1e 1ui!t in stretcher 1ond and a!! common 1ric9s sha!! 1e 4e!! 4etted 1efore 1ein6 !aid5
15.4 $a5ricated steel(or)
1.5851 &!! fa1ricated stee!4or9 for covers0 !oc9in6 1ars0 9eep p!ates0 hin6e p!ates0 6rids0 etc0 sha!! 1e manufactured from mi!d stee! p!ate0
che<uer p!ate and/or 1ar as detai!ed on the dra4in6s5
1.585/ &!! 4e!din6 sha!! 1e carried out in accordance 4ith S&*S 088 2 7Code of ractice for We!din675
1.5853 Manho!e !oc9in6 1ars0 hin6es0 ho!din6 do4n straps0 etc0 sha!! 1e hot2dip 6a!vanised after fa1rication and site 4e!din60 dri!!in6 and
cuttin6 if unavoida1!e0 sha!! 1e chipped to remove s!a60 4ire 1rushed and painted 4ith at !east three coats of approved co!d
6a!vanisin6 so!ution5
4!
DWS 1110
15.5 +ervitude road
1.5.51 "he Contractor sha!! 1ui!d a servitude road 8 metres 4ide a!on6 as much of the !en6th of the pipe!ine as is practica1!e for the use
of the $mp!o3erKs vehic!es for patro!!in6 and maintainin6 the comp!eted pipe!ine5 "he road sha!! 1e 1ui!t as sho4n on the
dra4in6s or in the specification un!ess other4ise instructed 13 the $n6ineer in 4ritin65 -t sha!! 1e 1ui!t to conform c!ose!3 to the
shape of the natura! 6round to prevent interference 4ith the surface draina6e5
1.5.5/ &fter the pipe!ine servitude has 1een c!eared of a!! 1ou!ders0 trees0 1ush and other ve6etation and prior to trenchin6 operations0
the Contractor sha!! mar9 out the area of the road4a3 to the $n6ineerKs approva!5 "hereafter a!! topsoi! and 6rass sha!! 1e
removed over the 4idth of the road to an appro:imate depth of /00 mm 13 means of a motor6rader or scraper0 the e:cavated
materia! 1ein6 p!aced in 4indro4s para!!e! to and c!ear of the ed6es of the road4a3 on one or 1oth sides5
"he 4indro4s ma3 1e f!attened so as not to restrict pipe!a3in6 operations5 "he $n6ineer ma3 order a 6reater or !esser depth of
topsoi! to 1e thus removed to e:pose su1soi! or to remove unsuita1!e materia! dependin6 on site conditions5
1.5.53 When trenchin6 operations commence0 materia! surp!us to 1ac9fi!!in6 re<uirements and suita1!e for surfacin6 the servitude road
sha!! 1e dumped on the road4a3 and spread 13 motor6rader or 1u!!do@er as 4or9 proceeds5 'aterite0 sha!es0 decomposed ti!!ite0
do!erite 6rave!s and the !i9e in suita1!e form0 and materia!s containin6 roc9 fra6ments 4hich 4i!! 1rea9 do4n under a 6rid ro!!er to
provide 4e!! 6raded materia!0 4i!! 1e suita1!e for the road formation5 Soi!s 4ith a hi6h content of c!a3 and simi!ar fine materia!s
sha!! not 1e used for road surfacin65 &n3 shortfa!! of surfacin6 materia! sha!! 1e imported from approved 1orro4 pits5
1.5.58 "he Contractor ma3 construct the servitude road immediate!3 after the trench has 1een comp!eted or after the pipe!ine has 1een
1ac9fi!!ed and 4hi!e the servitude area and 4or9in6 area are 1ein6 reinstated5 When the four metre 4idth of surfaced servitude
road has 1een comp!eted0 the topsoi! sha!! 1e 1!aded up to 1oth ed6es of the road4a3 and compacted to form a smooth surface
free of cuts or 1an9s e:cept 4here the $n6ineer ma3 direct other4ise5
1.5.5. & 6rid ro!!er sha!! 1e used and 4ater app!ied for 1indin6 as re<uired5 Compaction of the servitude road formation sha!! 1e
achieved 13 the carefu! routin6 of construction vehic!es a!on6 the road4a30 supp!emented 13 the use of a 6rid ro!!er5 "he fina!
operations of 6radin6 and the surface of the road and adAoinin6 areas 4ith the servitude sha!! 1e performed 4ith a motor6rader5
1.5.56 -n areas 4here the topo6raph3 prec!udes the 1ui!din6 of the servitude road as descri1ed a1ove0 the $n6ineer ma3 direct such
1enchin6 and earth4or9s as he ma3 consider necessar3 to esta1!ish access for the $mp!o3erKs supervisor3 vehic!es5 #o4ever0
such 4or9s 4i!! 1e of a minor nature and "enderers sha!! understand that the3 are not intended for pipe!ine construction
purposes5
1.5.5; Materia! e:cavated from the pipe!ine trench surp!us to pipe!ine 1ac9fi!!in6 or road surfacin6 re<uirements sha!!0 if considered
suita1!e 13 the $n6ineer and 4ithout e:tra cost 1e used for road formation at s4amp crossin6s and the approaches to stream
crossin6s instead of 1ein6 spoi!ed to 4aste5 Concrete aprons at stream crossin6s sha!! 1e constructed as sho4n on the
dra4in6s or instructed 13 the $n6ineer5
16. FINAL PAINTING
1651 &fter succesfu! h3drostatic testin6 of the pipe!ine and after comp!etion of a!! construction 4or9 under this contract a!! e:terna!
surfaces of uncoated or un6a!vanised stee!4or9 and surfaces of a!! va!ves and fittin6s sha!! 1e prepared and painted as
hereinafter specified5 -n addition0 a!! surfaces of materia!s 4hich had received first coats of paint in the course of the contract in
accordance 4ith this specification0 sha!! receive fina! coats of paint of the same co!our or such other co!our as ma3 1e specified
or instructed 13 the $n6ineer5
165/ S)R+&C$ R$&R&"-%(
165/51 *are stee! surfaces
&!! 1are stee! or cast2iron surfaces and a!! stee! or cast2iron surfaces previous!3 primed or painted and of 4hich prime or paint
coats sho4 si6ns of deterioration sha!! 1e 4ire 1rushed to 1are stee! to standard St /T of S-S 0..9005 Where necessar30 a
com1ination of hand too!s0 mechanica! 6rinders and a chemica! c!eaner such a 7ro!u: +erro9!een7 or e<uiva!ent sha!! 1e used to
o1tain the specified de6ree of c!eanin65 &fter c!eanin60 a!! dust and de1ris sha!! 1e removed 13 1rushin6 4ith a c!ean stiff21rist!e
4hich sha!! 1e 9ept c!ean 13 fre<uent rinsin6 in 4hite spirit or e<uiva!ent so!vent5
41
DWS 1110
165/5/ revious!3 painted surfaces
revious!3 primed or painted surfaces in sound condition sha!! 1e 4iped 4ith ra6 soa9ed in 4hite spirit to remove a!! si6ns of
dust0 de1ris0 1itumen0 oi! and 6rease5 Where necessar3 cha!9ed or s!i6ht!3 4eathered surfaces sha!! 1e 6iven a !i6ht sandin6 to
e:pose fresh paint !a3ers5
1653 aintin6
165351 rime coat and second coat
16535151 *are stee! or cast2iron surfaces
-mmediate!3 after c!eanin6 and not more than / hours after c!eanin6 provided surfaces are 9ept dr3 and free of dust0 a coat of
approved co!d app!ied 1ituminous primer sha!! 1e app!ied 13 1rush or ro!!er to a minimum dr3 fi!m thic9ness of 100 micrometres5
&s soon as the prime coat is dr3 to the touch a second coat of an approved 1ituminous paint sha!! 1e app!ied 13 1rush to a
minimum dr3 fi!m thic9ness of 1.0 micrometres5 &!! coats sha!! 1e app!ied even!3 and sha!! 1e free from tears and runs5 "he
coats sha!! 1e 9ept dr3 and free of dust and de1ris5
1653515/ revious!3 primed surfaces
-mmediate!3 after c!eanin6 and not more than / hours after c!eanin6 provided surfaces are 9ept dr3 and free of dust and de1ris a
coat of an approved 1ituminous paint sha!! 1e app!ied 13 1rush to a dr3 fi!m thic9ness of not !ess than 1.0 micrometres5 "he
coat sha!! 1e app!ied even!3 and sha!! 1e free from tears and runs5 "he coats sha!! 1e 9ept dr3 and free of dust and de1ris5
16535/ +ina! coat
&s soon as second coats are dr3 to the touch0 one coat of 1ituminous 1ased a!uminium paint sha!! 1e app!ied 13 1rush to a dr3
fi!m thic9ness of not !ess than 1.0 micrometres5 "he coat sha!! 1e app!ied even!3 and sha!! 1e free from tears and runs5 aint
coats sha!! over!ap coated portions of pipes and specia!s 13 at !east ;. mm5
165353 revious!3 painted or epo:3 coated surfaces
&!! previous!3 painted or epo:3 coated surfaces e:posed to soi!0 )D2ra3s and in cham1ers sha!! 1e overcoated 4ith a .0
micrometre thic9 additiona! !a3er of recoata1!e a!iphatic po!3urethane0 co!our as per Departmenta! co!our codin65
1658 &!! paintin6 sha!! 1e carried out under the supervision of a s9i!!ed0 e:perienced and competent painter5 (o paintin6 sha!! 1e done
in 4et 4eather and a!! coats sha!! 1e app!ied to c!ean dr3 surfaces5
165. &!! paint sha!! 1e used from the ori6ina! containers of the manufacturer and such containers are to 1e 1rou6ht onto the site
unopened5 (o adu!teration 4i!! 1e permitted and paints sha!! 1e used strict!3 in accordance 4ith the manufacturerKs instructions5
1656 "he $n6ineer sha!! instruct an3 painted stee! or cast2iron surface to 1e inspected 4ith a ho!ida3 instrument 4ith copper 1rist!e
detector and operatn6 at . 9D5 Sin6!e ho!ida3s ma3 1e repaired 13 overcoatin60 1ut if more than / ho!ida3s are detected over an3
area of 00. m/ the $n6ineer ma3 reAect the paint4or95 ReAected paint surfaces sha!! 1e re2c!eaned to 1are stee! surface to the
standard specified and sha!! 1e repainted at the ContractorKs e:pense5
165; "he fo!!o4in6 parts and/or surfaces sha!! not 1e painted over:
165;51 &!! 4or9in6 parts of va!ve actuators 4hich 4i!! resu!t in the ma!functionin6 of the va!ve5
165;5/ &!! indicators0 ma9ers p!ates0 instruction p!ates0 hard stampin6 etc5
165;53 &!! stain!ess stee!0 chromium p!ated parts and non2ferrous 4or95
165;58 ,rease nipp!es0 6rease cups0 va!ve indicators0 e:posed spind!es5
165;5. #ot dipped 6a!vanised surfaces5 -f cuttin6 of 6a!vanised parts cannot 1e prevented0 e:posed stee! sha!! 1e thorou6h!3 c!eaned
and painted 4ith at !east 3 coats of an approved co!d 6a!vanisin6 so!ution or 7ro!u: =inc ,a!v 67 or 7=in6a7 or e<uiva!ent5
1658 &!! 4or9in6 parts of va!ves and fittin6 sha!! 1e chec9ed to ensure that the3 operate free!3 and correct!3 and sha!! 1e !u1ricated
after a!! paint4or9 has dried out5
17. MARKER BEACONS# BENCH MARKS# TRIANGULATION BEACONS# MARKING OF $AL$E CHAMBERS AND
SCHEDULE OF INSTALLATIONS
1;51 recast concrete mar9er 1eacons as detai!ed on the dra4in6s sha!! 1e p!aced e:act!3 a1ove the centre !ine of the comp!eted
pipe!ine and concreted2in at a!! chan6es of direction0 on reserve 1oundaries0 on 1oth sides of road and rai!4a3 crossin6s0 on 1oth
sides of river crossin6s0at farm 1oundar3 crossin6s and at one 9i!ometre interva!s 6enera!!3 on strai6ht sections of the pipe!ine5
"he e:act chaina6e measured a!on6 the pipe!ine at each mar9er sha!! 1e stenci!!ed c!ear!3 in inde!i1!e paint on t4o opposin6
sides of the mar9er 1eacon and a seria! num1er to easi!3 identif3 a mar9er 1eacon or to detect !oss of a 1eacon 13 a 1rea9 in
consecutive num1ers0 on a third side5
1;5/ Com1ined train6u!ation 21enchmar9 1eacons as detai!ed on the dra4in6s sha!! 1e p!aced at appro:5 . 9m interva!s a!on6 the
pipe!ine5 Wherever possi1!e and approved 13 the $n6ineer these trian6u!ation pins 4ith 1enchmar9 and mar9in6 p!ates 4ith data
42
DWS 1110
sha!! 1e incorporated on the outside of cham1ers founded on undistur1ed 6round i5e5 scour va!ves0 ref!u: va!ves0 iso!atin6 va!ves0
one of the road and rai!4a3 crossin6 access cham1ers0 etc5
"he 1eacons sha!! a!! 1e accurate!3 num1ered0 !eve!!ed and trian6u!ated 4ith the fo!!o4in6 data to the specified accurac3 hard
stamped on it:
>i? *eacon num1er5
>ii? Measured chaina6e5
>iii? Reduced !eve! a1ove MS' to an accurac3 of U >0001G0000. length of pipelinein km
>iv? 7I7 and 7H7 co2ordinates in metres to the app!ica1!e 7'07 s3stem accordin6 to the Surve3 &ct0 19/; for a C!ass *
accurac35
"he free standin6 com1ined 1eacons sha!! 1e sited ne:t to manho!es and firm!3 concreted2in in a undistur1ed 6round in a
position such that e:cavations for the repair of the pipe!ine 4i!! not distur1 or dama6e the 1eacons5
%n comp!etion of trian6u!ation the threaded portion of the trian6u!ation pins sha!! 1e covered 4ith a 6raphite/6rease compound
and the end covers firm!3 scre4ed 1ac9 13 hand5
1;53 &!! cham1ers constructed on the pipe!ine sha!! 1e c!ear!3 mar9ed on the outside to denote the appurtenances housed in each and
the chaina6es thereof5 Mar9in6 sha!! 1e 13 stenci!!in6 in 3e!!o4 road mar9in6 paint in !etters not sma!!er than sevent3 five >;.?
mm5 &!! mar9in6s sha!! face the upstream direction5 &11reviations to 1e used sha!! 1e as fo!!o4s:
&ir va!ves:
"rip!e 2 &D >"?
Dou1!e 2 &D >D? Sin6!e !ar6e
2 &D >S'?
Sin6!e sma!! 2 &D >SS?
&nti2vacuum 2 &D >av?
-so!atin6 va!ves 2 -D
Scour va!ves 2 Sc D
&ccess on!3 2 &I
&ir va!ve in conAunction 4ith access 2 &D >" or D or S'?/&I
Ref!u: va!ves 2 RD
-nsu!atin6 f!an6es 2 -+
Water meters 2 M
&!! farm off2ta9es 2 +%
&!! 1u!9 off2ta9es 2 *%
Sur6e tan9 2 S"
1;58 &!! cham1ers sha!! a!so 1e mar9ed 4ith the appurtenance a11reviations as per C!ause 1;53 and chaina6es c!ear!3 !e6i1!e either
hard stamped or en6raved >10 mm minimum !etterin6 si@e? on 100:80:/ mm thic9 stain!ess stee! 308 p!ate fitted to the upstream
concrete 4a!! 4ith t4o M6 stain!ess stee! non2remova1!e anchors5
1;5. "he Contractor sha!! provide comp!eted schedu!es as per attached 7pro forma7 >pa6e ./? after insta!!ation of a!!
mechanica!/e!ectrica! 7correct2functionin67 e<uipment to the $n6ineer four 4ee9s 1efore the handin62over inspection5 &
schematic !a32out dra4in6>s? sha!! accompan3 the schedu!es5
1. COMPLETION DRAWINGS
"he Contractor sha!! su1mit accepta1!e comp!ete 7&s 1ui!t7 dra4in6s 4ithin three >3? months of the issue of the Comp!etion
Certificate5 +ai!in6 this the pena!t3 as stated in the 7&ppendi: to +orm of "ender7 sha!! app!35 "he 7&s 1ui!t7 dra4in6s sha!!
conform to the re<uirements descri1ed 1e!o4:
1851 Desi6n 13 contractor
185151 & strip surve3 of the pipe!ine route p!otted on a co2ordinated 6rid 4ith a!! topo6raphica! features and the route of the pipe!ine 7&s
1ui!t7 sho4n in p!an5 %n the same sheet0 a profi!e of the pipe!ine represented 13 the p!an and indicatin6 in detai!:
>a? Measured chaina6es a!on6 the pipe!ine5
>1? Measured pipe invert !eve!s0 6radients and 6round !eve!s5
>c? "he !ocation and chaina6es of a!! va!ves0 specia!s0 scours0 off2ta9es0 accesses0 meters and a!! other pipe!ine
appurtenances5
>d? &!! pipe and specia! si@es and c!asses and the si@ed and pressure ratin6s of a!! va!ves0 meters and simi!ar
appurtenances5
>e? 'ocation and description of a!! s3stems provided for cathodic protection0 inc!udin6 !ocation of test posts and 6round1eds5
>f? Detai!s of fie!d test pressures app!ied over ever3 section of pipe!ine5
>6? 'ocation0 e!evations and other app!ica1!e detai!s of service and uti!it3 insta!!ations 1ein6 crossed 13 the pipe!ine5
43
DWS 1110
>h? %n the p!an vie40 the !ocation0 seria! num1ers and reduced !eve!s of permanent 1enchmar9s5
>i? %n the p!an vie40 the !ocation0 seria! num1ers and co2ordinates of permanent trian6u!ation points5
>A? %n the profi!e0 the e:act measured !ocation and chaina6e of propert3 1oundaries crossed 13 the pipe!ine5
>9? %n the dra4in6s0 a !ist of seria! num1ers and co2ordinates of a!! chan6es in direction on the pipe!ine5
18515/ Structura! detai!s of a!! cham1ers0 thrust 1!oc9s0 road0 rai!4a3 and stream crossin6s and a!! other structures erected a!on6 the
pipe!ine5
185153 Detai!ed assem1!ies of va!ves0 cross connections0 off2ta9es etc5
185158 7&s 1ui!t7 dra4in6s sha!! 6enera!!3 conform to the !a3out of the tender dra4in6s0 sha!! 1e on si@e &1 sheets 4ith t4o and a ha!f
>/0.? mm minimum si@e !etterin65
18515. rints of 7&s 1ui!t7 dra4in6s sha!! 1e su1mitted to the $n6ineer for his perusa! and comment 1efore fina! transparencies are
su1mitted5
185/ Desi6n 13 $n6ineer
185/51 %ne comp!ete set of paper prints of the dra4in6s supp!ied to the Contractor sha!! 1e mar9ed 7&s 1ui!t7 4ith a!! chan6es sho4n in
red5
185/5/ Whenever the Contractor 4i!! 1e re<uired to do desi6n 4or9 C!ause 1;51 sha!! app!35
1". SUPER$ISION AND INSPECTION
1%.1 0eneral
195151 "he Wor9s 4i!! 1e supervised and inspected 13 the $n6ineer and/or his authorised Representatives5 #o4ever0 such supervision
and inspection sha!! in no 4a3 re!ieve the Contractor of his o1!i6ation and responsi1i!it3 for performin6 the Wor9s in accordance
4ith the contract5
19515/ "he Contractor sha!! institute his o4n inspection of the Wor9s and sha!! conduct tests to ensure that the materia!s supp!ied and
<ua!it3 of 4or9manship comp!3 4ith the re<uiremtns of the contract5
195153 "he $mp!o3er ma3 appoint an independent -nspectorate 4ho sha!! act on 1eha!f of the $n6ineer to conduct an3 test to ensure
that materia!s and 4or9manship comp!3 4ith the re<uirements of the contract5
195158 "he Contractor sha!! provide access at a!! times and sha!! 1e respnsi1!e for the openin6 and c!osin6 of access covers for
inspection purposes and for providin6 sufficient !a1our and e<uipment such as !adders0 ru11er2t3red tro!!e3s0 ru11er mats or
other suita1!e protection for !inin6s0 !i6htin6 etc0 a!! to the approva! of the $n6ineer0 to ena1!e the $n6ineer0 his authorised
Representatives or the -nspectorate to inspect the 4or9s efficient!35 "he $n6ineer and the -nspectorate sha!! 1e afforded ever3
faci!it3 to ena1!e inspection to 1e carried out effective!35
1%.2 Weld inspection
195/51 Radio6raphic e:amination
195/5151 *utt 4e!ds sha!! 1e e:amined radio6raphica!!3 13 the -nspectorate 4ho sha!! process and adAudicate radio6raphs on Site5 "he
standard of accepta1i!it3 sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith &- 11085
195/515/ 10E of the tota! !en6th of a!! manua! fie!d 4e!ds0 /TE of the tota! !en6th of fie!d 4e!ds done 13 an approved automatic process
and 100E of the !en6th of a!! 4e!ds at mitres sha!! 1e e:amined radio6raphica!!3 4ith particu!ar reference to 4e!d intersections0
usin6 e<uipment supp!ied and staffed 13 the -nspectorate5
195/5153 "he $n6ineer reserves the ri6ht to decrease the !en6th of 4e!ds radio6raphed to a minimum of 8E of manua! 4e!ds and 1E of
authomatic 4e!ds if the standard of 4e!din6 is consitent!3 hi6h and Austifies the reduction5
195/5158 "he $n6ineer ho4ever a!so reserves the ri6ht to increase the !en6th of 4e!ds to 1e radio6raphed to 100E of !en6th of 4e!d on the
fo!!o4in6 1asis and an3 increase a1ove 10E of !en6th of manua! 4e!ds or /TE of !en6th of automatic 4e!ds0 sha!! 1e to the
ContractorKs account5
195/515851 -f in 10E of !en6th of manua! 4e!ds or /TE of !en6th of automatic 4e!ds radio6raphed0 more than 1 out of ever3 . 1utt 4e!ded
Aoints successive!3 e:amined sho4s defects0 !en6th of 4e!d to 1e radio6raphed sha!! 1e increased to /0E of manua! 4e!ds and
.E of automatic 4e!ds5
195/51585/ -f in /0E of !en6th of manua!0 4e!ds or .E of !en6th of automatic 4e!ds radio6raphed0 more than 3 1utt 4e!ded Aoints in an3 10
Aoints successive!3 e:amined sho4s defects0 the !en6th of 4e!d to 1e e:amined sha!! 1e increased to .0E of manua! 4e!ds and
10E of automatic 4e!ds5
44
DWS 1110
195/515853 -f in the !en6th of 4e!ds so radio6raphed0 more than . in an3 /0 Aoints successive!3 radio6raphed sho4s defects0 the $n6ineer
ma3 increase the !en6th of 4e!d to 1e e:amined at his o4n discretion up to 100E of manua! and automatic 4e!ds5
195/515858 &!! defects sha!! 1e repaired and re2radio6raphed at the ContractorKs cost and such radio6raph3 of repairs sha!! not 1e deemed to
1e inc!uded in the re<uired percenta6e of radio6raph35
195/51585. C!aims arisin6 from de!a3s in construction caused 13 Austifia1!e additiona! radio6raph3 4hich ma3 1e ordered 13 the $n6ineer or
necessitated 13 4e!d repairs0 sha!! not 1e considered5
195/5/ Disua! e:amination
195/5/51 &!! fie!ds 4e!ds sha!! 1e e:amined visua!!35
195/53 +i!!et 4e!ds
195/5351 &part from visua! e:amination0 fi!!et 4e!ds sha!! 1e su1Aect to d3e penetrant or ma6netic partic!e tests at the -nspectorateKs
discretion5
195/58 Repair of 4e!ds
195/5851 Rectification of defective 4e!ds sha!! 1e in accordance 4ith &- 1108 and to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer5
195/585/ &!! costs re!ated to the repair of defective 4e!ds sha!! 1e 1orne 13 the Contractor5
195/5853 Defective 4e!ds sha!! 1e repaired immediate!3 the3 are found to 1e so5 "he $n6ineer has the ri6ht to stop the Contractor
proceedin6 4ith further pipe !a3in6 in the event of the Contractor de!a3in6 the rectification of defective 4e!ds5 +uthermore0 no
consideration 4i!! 1e 6iven to an3 c!aims arisin6 from de!a3s in construction resu!tin6 from such action5
1%.3 3nspection of organic linings and coatings
195351 &!! !inin6s and coatin6s0 4hether havin6 passed a factor3 inspection or not0 sha!! 1e inspected on site and sha!! 1e su1Aect to
reAection5
19535/ &!! repairs to !inin6s and coatin6s sha!! 1e su1Aect to inspection5
195353 &!! materia!s used on site for !inin6 and coatin6 or for repairs to !inin6s and coatin6s sha!! 1e su1Aected to tests5 "he num1er of
samp!es tested and the samp!in6 points sha!! 1e at the $n6ineerKs or the -nspectorateKs discretion5 "he Contractor sha!! provide
a!! samp!es free of char6e5
195358 Materia!s reAected sha!! 1e removed from site 4ithout de!a30 4hether such materia!s have a!read3 1een app!ied to pipes0 specia!s
and appurtenances0 or not5
19535. "he Contractor sha!! perform a c!osed circuit te!evision >CC"D? camera !inin6 inspection surve3 of the constructed pipe!ine0 and
repair a!! fau!ts/dama6es indicated 13 the surve3 at his cost to the satisfaction of the $n6ineer 1efore fi!!in6 of the pipe!ine 4ith
4ater5 &n accepta1!e recordin6 sha!! 1e handed to the $n6ineer as soon as surve3s over an3 section have 1een comp!eted5
195356 & direct current vo!ta6e 6radient >DCD,? surve3 sha!! 1e performed after the comp!etion of the pipe!ineRs construction and after
the first 6enera! rain5 "he Contractor sha!! repair a!! coatin6 fau!ts/dama6es indicated 13 the surve3 at his o4n cost to the
satisfaction of the $n6ineer5
20. MEASUREMENTS AND PAYMENTS
2&.1 0eneral
/05151 &!! rates0 !ump sums and prices sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for a!! !a1our0 p!ant0 e<uipment0 materia!s0 supervision0 overheads0 profits
and maintenance as per contract5
2&.2 /esign, surveys, setting out, dra(ings 7including ;as 5uilt;8
/05/51 Sha!! 1e priced as !ump sums in the section for 7+i:ed Char6e and Da!ue Re!ated -tems7 under the re!evant re!iminar3 and
,enera! items in the Schedu!e of Juantities5
/05/5/ a3ment sha!! 1e in e<ua! month!3 insta!ments over the approved contract period5
/05/53 Sums sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for re2desi6n and re2dra4in6s and/or correction of dra4in6s not approved 13 or accepta1!e to the
$n6ineer5
2&.3 +ite clearing
/05351 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! 9i!ometre of pipe!ine centre!ine c!eared over the 4idth of the permanent servitudes5
45
DWS 1110
/0535/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for c!earin6 of 4ider areas 4here re<uired 13 the Contractor0 for remova! of trees0 destumpin60 de2
rootin60 for disposa! of ve6eta1!e matter 13 1urnin6 and safe6uardin6 a6ainst ve!d or 1ush fires re!ated thereto0 for disposa! of
ve6et1!e matter0 tim1er0 stumps0 ru11!e de1ris etc to approved dumpin6 sites 4ithin . 9m radius from point of !oadin65
-n case of the pipes 1ein6 supp!ied 13 others the ContractorKs rates sha!! inc!ude for the provision of suita1!e access as descri1ed
in c!ause 351;51515
/05353 Wherever deemed necessar3 in the opinion of the $n6ineer0 e:tra over rates 4i!! 1e provided in the Schedu!e of Juantities for
c!earnace of trees and stumps not covered 13 rates in c!ause /053515
2&.4 /emolishing
/05851 Demo!ishin6 of huts0 houses and simi!ar structures fa!!in6 4ithin the 4idth of the permanent servitude sha!! 1e priced as a !ump
sum pa3a1!e on comp!etion of the item5
/0585/ "he sum sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for demo!ishin6 the entire structure and foundations and a!! services and faci!ities re!ated thereto
and for disposa! of a!! materia!s0 ru11!e and de1ris to approved dumpin6 sites 4ithin . 9m radius from point of !oadin65
2&.5 2rench e4cavations
/05.51 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! metre !en6th a!on6 the centre !ine of the trench5 "he depth 4i!! 1e measured from the surface of the
6round to the 1ottom of the specified 1eddin6 !a3er5
/05.5/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for strippin6 and settin6 aside of top soi!0 6enera! !eve!!in6 to faci!itate use of p!ant0 a!! 4or9 in
connection 4ith access throu6h e:istin6 fences and reinstatement of same 4ith ne4 materia!s and 6ates as specified0 a!!
e:penses in entr3 upon properties0 the crossin60 deviation0 maintenance and reinstatement of services and uti!it3 insta!!ations0
shorin60 1atterin60 4idenin6 at Aoints0 over1rea90 de4aterin60 trimmin6 of trench 1ottoms0 repairs and/or reinstatement of trenches
after f!oodin6 or an3 other reasons0 and a!! additiona! 4or9 and !imitations to 4or9 due to 1!astin6 or other restrictions imposed 13
statutor3 authorities0 other than the $n6ineer0 for provision and maintenance of access at re<uired points across trench5
/05.53 $:tra over rates for e:cavations at road crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for traffic contro!0 deviations0 4arnin6 si6ns0
safe6uardin6 and a!! precautions demanded or 4or9s dictated or re<uired 13 roads authorities and/or the ,%5
/05.58 $:tra over rates for e:cavations at rai! crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for cost of 1ird2ca6in6 and supervision 13 S&"S and for
a!! precautions demanded and 4or9s dictated or re<uired 13 the S&"S5
/05.5. $:tra over rates for e:cavations at stream crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for f!o4 diversion0 repair of f!ood dama6e to 4or90
de4aterin6 of trenches5
/05.56 $:tra over rates for restriction in use of e:p!osives sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude on!3 for !imitations in pro6ress of 4or9 due to 1!astin6
restrictions imposed 13 the $n6ineer5
2&.6 14cavations for valve cham5ers, thrust 5loc)s, culverts, concrete encasements and similar structures
/05651 Sha!! 1e measured in cu1ic metres >m3? nett to the outside dimensions of the structure for a!! e:cavations outside trench
pa3ment !ines5 "he cross sectiona! area of trench pa3ment !ines sha!! 1e defined 13 the minimum specified trench 4idth and the
depth of cut from 6round!eve! up to 1.0 mm or /00 mm0 as the case ma3 1e for a particu!ar t3pe of pipe0 1e!o4 the underside of
the pipes >C!ause ;51535/5/51?5
/0565/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for 4idenin6 to a!!o4 4or9in6 room around structure0 shorin60 1atterin60 over1rea90 trimmin60
de4aterin6 and a!! additiona! 4or9 and !imitations to 4or9 due to 1!astin6 or other restrictions imposed 13 statutor3 authorities
other than the $n6ineer5
/05653 $:tra over rates for e:cavations at road0 rai!4a3 and river crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for a!! the aspects as per su12c!auses
/05.53 up to and inc!udin6 /05.5.5
2&. Pipe 5edding
/05;51 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! metre >m? of pipe!ine !aid on comp!eted 1eddin65
/05;5/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for 1rin6in6 in approved 1eddin6 materia! 4ithin a . 9m radius from point of app!ication0 for a!!
costs of openin6 up 1orro4 areas 4here re<uired0 ro3a!ties to o4ners0 reinstatement of 1orro4 areas and access roads on
comp!etion0 1u!9in60 p!acin6 into trench0 spreadin60 !eve!!in60 compaction and testin6 of materia!s5
/05;53 $:tra over rates for use of 7*idim7 or simi!ar approved fi!ter c!oth in 4ater!o66ed 6round sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for a!! materia!s0
p!acin60 compaction0 deepenin6 of trench 1ottoms and ever3thin6 additiona!!3 re<uired to comp!ete the 1eddin6 in terms of the
specification5
/05;58 $:tra over rates for providin6 a specia! 1eddin6 conformin6 to S&*S 1/00 '* sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for ever3thin6 additiona!!3
re<uired to comp!ete the 1eddin65
46
DWS 1110
2&.# +elected 5ac)fill
/05851 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! metre >m? of pipe!ine !aid and comp!ete!3 1ac9fi!!ed5
/0585/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for 1rin6in6 in se!ected 1ac9fi!! 4ithin . 9m radius from point of app!ication0 for a!! costs and
ro3a!ties in openin6 up 1orro4 areas0 reinstatement of 1orro4 areas and access roads on comp!etion0 1u!9in60 p!acin6 into trench0
spreadin60 !eve!!in60 compaction and testin6 of materia!s5
/05853 $:tra over rates for the use of po!3eth3!ene sheets or 1!an9ets in conAunction 4ith se!ected 1ac9fi!! of re<uired fineness of hi6h
c!a3 content0 sha!! 1e indicated as either a p!us >G? or minus >2? va!ue5 Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for ever3thin6 necessar3 to
comp!ete se!ected 1ac9fi!! up to 300 mm a1ove cro4n of pipe as per specification5
/05858 $:tra over rates for the use of approved roc9 shie!d in conAunction 4ith 1ac9fi!! 4hich do not meet specified re<uirements in
respect of fineness and c!a3 content sha!! 1e indicated as either a p!us >G? or minus >2? va!ue5 Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for
a!! e:penses in 6ettin6 roc9shie!d materia!s approved0 its app!ication to approva! of the $n6ineer and everthin6 necessar3 to
comp!ete se!ected 1ac9fi!! up to 300 mm a1ove cro4n of pipe as per specification5
2&.% !ommon 5ac)fill
/05951 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! metre >m? of pipe!ine comp!ete!3 1ac9fi!!ed5
/0595/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for movin6 of suita1!e trench spoi! from areas 4here there is a surp!us to areas 4here there is a
shorta6e over a free2hau! distance of 10 9m0 for p!acin60 spreadin60 !eve!!in6 and compaction0 for 1rin6in6 1ac9 top soi! and
reinstatement thereof over the trench0 for reinstatement of a6ricu!tura! drains and contours across servitude for a!! 4or9s re<uired
in safe6uardin6 a6ainst and prevention of erosion a!on6 the servitude0 for 1ac9fi!!in6 around a!! cham1ers and other pipe!ine
structures e:cavated outside the trench pa3ment !ine5
/05953 $:tra over rates for common 1ac9fi!! at road crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for comp!ete reinstatement of road formations and
road surfaces in conformit3 to the specification or the re<uirements of the roads authorit35
/05958 $:tra over rates for common 1ac9fi!! at rai! crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for comp!ete reinstatement of rai! em1an9ments0
1a!!ast and rai!s in conformit3 to the specification or the re<uiremtns of the S&"S5
/0595. $:tra over rates for common 1ac9fi!! at stream crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for comp!ete reinstatement of the natura! stream
1ed and remova! of a!! o1structions created 13 pipe!ine construction and 4hich ma3 o1struct or interfere 4ith the natura! f!o4
re6ime of the stream5
2&.1& !leaning of servitude
/051051 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! 9i!ometre >9m? of pipe!ine servitude c!eaned on comp!etion of 1ac9fi!!in65
/05105/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for c!earin6 of the permanent and temporar3 servitude 4idths of surp!us spoi! i5e5 e:cavated
materia!s inc!udin6 roc90 de1ris0 ru11!e0 reAected or surp!us pipin60 specia!s and fittin6s and transport of same to approved
dumpin6 sites or ac<uired servitudes0 4ithin . 9m radius from point 4here !oaded0 for reinstatement of 6round surface in
temporar3 servitude strip 13 rippin6 or other4ise to faci!itate re2esta1!ishment of ve6etation5 "he spoi! dumps shou!d 1e neat!3
trimmed and0 if re<uired0 covered 4ith top soi! 100 mm thic90 and 6rassed5
2&.11 Laying and <ointing of piping and specials
/051151 Sha!! 1e measured per !inea! metre >m? of pipe!ine !aid and Aointed5
/05115/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for site stora6e0 transport and hand!in6 of pipes and specia!s0 for the insta!!ation of 1ends and tees
in the run of the pipe0 for a!! Aointin6 materia!s0 for ContractorKs inspection services0 for radio6raph3 e:ceedin6 specified !imits and
at repairs0 for repairs to pipin6 and specia!s0 repairs to !inin6s and coatin6s0 for mou!din6 of f!an6es and coup!in6s0 for prevention
of f!otation and provision0 insta!!ation and maintenance of ni6ht caps to a!! open ends of pipes in trenches0 for insta!!ation of thrust
and pudd!e f!an6es 4here re<uired0 for maintainin6 the pipe!ine0 pipin6 and specia!s0 c!ean and free from contamination0 for fina!
paintin6 as specified and for the provision of suita1!e p!ant0 !a1our and supervision to transport pipes0 specia!s and fittin6s up or
do4n ver3 steep inc!ines a!on6 the pipe!ine route5
/051153 Scarfin60 4e!din6 and repairin6 of pipe ends for def!ection an6!es !ess than 110/.M comp!ete as specified in C!ause /05115/ sha!!
1e measured per unit of comp!ete assem1!35
/051158 $:tra over rates for pipe!a3in6 and Aointin6 at road0 rai!4a3 and stream crossin6s sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for a!! additiona! !a1our0
materia!s0 p!ant0 supervision and inspection re<uired for insta!!ation of the pipin6 and specia!s as per specification and approved
dra4in6s and for a!! !imitations imposed on operations and methods of 4or9 due to restricted 4or9in6 space or due to restrictions
imposed 13 authorities0 hi6h 4ater !eve! etc5
/05115. $:tra over rates for pipe!a3in6 and Aointin6 on steep s!opes sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for a!! restrictions and !imitations imposed 13
the site for the provision and insta!!ation of a!! anchors and ho!din6 do4n straps0 f!e:i1!e supports5
47
DWS 1110
/051156 $:tra cover rates for mar9in6 .00 metre chaina6es on cement mortar !inin6 and CC"D surve3 of the !inin6 sha!! 1e priced as a
!ump sum or per !inea! metre >m?5
2&.12 3nstallation of in"line valves, meters and fittings
/051/51 Sha!! 1e measured per unit of comp!ete assem1!35
/051/5/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for site stora6e0 hand!in6 and transport0 for a!! Aointin6 materia!s and insta!!ation as specified or as
per dra4in6s0 for oi!in6 and 6reasin6 of movin6 parts0 ti6htenin6 up of !ea9in6 6!ands and fina! paintin6 after insta!!ation0 and for
ever3thin6 necessar3 to comp!ete insta!!ation as per specification or dra4in6s e:cept for construction of cham1ers 4hich is
measured separate!35
2&.13 Pipeline off"ta)es and fittings
/051351 Sha!! 1e measured per unit of comp!ete assem1!35
/05135/ Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for site stora6e0 hand!in6 and transport0 for a!! Aointin6 materia!s0 for insta!!ation of a!! va!ves0 meters
and fittin6s as per C!ause /051/ and for ever3thin6 necessar3 to comp!ete the off2ta9e as per specification or dra4in60 e:cept for
construction of cham1ers 4hich is measured separate!35
2&.14 !ham5ers, culverts and pipeline structures
/051851 Concrete sha!! 1e measured in accordance 4ith C!ause 85158 of S&*S 1/00 Section 7,&75
/05185/ Reinforcement sha!! 1e measured in tons nett and rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for cuttin60 1endin60 p!acin6 and a!! 1rac9ets0
stoo!s and supportin6 stee!5
/051853 Misce!!aneous 1ui!t2in stee! and iron 4or9 !i9e che<uer p!ate covers0 cast iron manho!e covers and frames0 e66crate 6ratin60 tread
irons0 !oc9in6 1ars and pad!oc9s0 ho!din6 do4n 1o!ts and anchora6es 1earin6 fin6er and pinAoints0 !ouvres0 venti!ators0 1ar and
mesh screens0 stee! va!ve supports0 !adders etc0 sha!! 1e measured per unit of comp!ete assem1!35 Rates sha!! 1e he!d to
inc!ude for fa1rication0 corrosion proofin60 supp!3 and de!iver3 to site and comp!ete insta!!ation5
/051858 Manho!e covers sha!! 1e measured per unit of comp!ete assem1!3 and rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for fa1rication0 supp!30
de!iver3 and comp!ete insta!!ation5
/05185. recast concrete pavin6 1!oc9s or s!a1s sha!! 1e measured per s<uare metre area covered and rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for
manufacture0 supp!30 !a3in60 finishin6 off0 a!! foundation preparation and 4or90 concrete or mortar or soi! surround or fi!!s and a!!
cut2off 4a!!s for erosion protection5
2&.15 $encing
/051.51 &!! fencin60 inc!udin6 temporar3 fencin60 pa!isade fencin6 and permanent fencin60 e:cept reinstatement of e:istin6 fences across
servitudes 4ith ne4 materia!s 4hich sha!! 1e inc!uded in rates for trench e:cavation0 sha!! 1e measured in !inea! metres of fence
erected and rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for maintenance0 1rea9in6 do4n and remova! on comp!etion 4here app!ica1!e5
/051.5/ ,ates other than those provided in temporar3 fences to maintain access for o4ners and 4hich sha!! 1e inc!uded in rates for
temporar3 fencin60 sha!! 1e measured per unit of comp!ete insta!!ation5
/051.53 Rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for paintin6 as specified5
2&.16 =ydrostatic testing, friction>capacity testing and draining
/051651 Sha!! 1e priced as a !ump sum pa3a1!e in proportion to the !en6th of pipe!ine tested5
/05165/ rices sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for the supp!3 of 4ater0 a!! 6au6es0 recorders0 4atermeters0 detection and repair of !ea9s0 supp!30
insta!!ation and remova! of 1u!9heads0 1!an9 f!an6es0 thrust 1!oc9s and anchors and ever3thin6 necessar3 to conduct and
comp!ete the tests0 testsR resu!ts and reports as 4e!! as the drainin6 of the pipe!ine as specified5
2&.1 +terili?ation
/051;51 Sha!! 1e priced as a !ump sum pa3a1!e in proportion to !en6th of pipe!ine comp!ete!3 steri!i@ed5
/051;5/ rices sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for the supp!3 of 4ater0 chemica!s0 free residua! ch!orine indicators0 instruments0 e<uipment0
resteri!i@ation after entr3 and ever3thin6 necessar3 to conduct and comp!ete steri!i@ation as specified5
48
DWS 1110
2&.1# Lightning protection
/051851 Sha!! 1e priced as a !ump sum pa3a1!e in proportion to !en6th or pipe!ine protected5
/05185/ rices sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude ever3thin6 necessar3 to fu!!3 protect the pipe!ine a6ainst !i6htnin6 stri9es or sur6es as specified5
2&.1% !athodic protection
/051951 Resistivit3 surve3s sha!! 1e a rovisiona! Sum in the Schedu!e for this 4or9 to 1e performed 13 specia!ist nominated Su12
Contractors and sha!! 1e pa3a1!e in fu!! on receipt and ratification 13 the $n6ineer of the comp!ete surve3 report and
recommendations5
/05195/ *ondin6 of pipe!ine Aoints sha!! 1e measured per unit of Aoint 1onded and rates sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for ca1!es0 thermo4e!din60
test !eads0 insu!ation of 1ondin6 and test ca1!es0 supp!30 de!iver3 and erection of test posts5
rovinsiona! <uantities of 1onds sha!! 1e indicated in the schedu!e 1ut no adAustment in rate sha!! 1e app!ica1!e shou!d the actua!
num1er of 1onds as revea!ed 13 resistivit3 report or other4ise differ in an3 4a3 from the <uantities indicated5
/051953 "he insta!!ation of sacrificia! anodes0 transformer rectifiers0 6round1eds0 1onds to rai!4a3 !ines etc sha!! 1e a rovinsia! Sum in
the Schedu!e for the 4or9 to 1e performed 13 specia!ist nominated Su12Contractors and ei6ht3 percent >80E? of mone3s due
sha!! 1e pa3a1!e on insta!!ation in proportion to the !en6th of pipe!ine protected >!en6th of pipe!ine re<uirin6 protection ta9en as
1asis? and the 1a!ance sha!! 1e due after successfu! commissionin6 of the protective s3stem5
/051958 Stra3 current surve3s sha!! 1e a rovisiona! Sum in the Schedu!e for the 4or9 to 1e performed 13 specia!ist nominated Su12
contractors and sha!! 1e pa3a1!e on receipt and ratificaton of the comp!ete stra3 current report 13 the $n6ineer5
/05195. &!! rates and prices sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for maintenance 4ithin the Contract maintenance period and for honourin6 a
6uarantee period of five 3ears after commissionin6 in respect and <ua!it3 of materia!s and 4or9manship0 a!! as specified5
2&.2& .ar)er 5eacons, 5ench mar)s, triangulation points, stainless steel mar)ers and mar)ing and schedules of installations.
/05/051 Sha!! 1e priced as a !ump sum pa3a1!e on comp!etion of services re<uired in terms of the specification5
/05/05/ rice sha!! 1e he!d to inc!ude for hardstampin6 or en6ravin6 of 1rass or stain!ess stee! 308 p!ates0 codin60 num1erin60 !etterin6
and ever3thin6 necessar3 to comp!ete as specified5
4
DWS 1110
CONTRACT WF%%%%%%%
HYDROSTATIC TEST CERTIFICATE
SC#$M$: 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
-$'-($: 555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
-$ "$S"
C%("R&C"
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15 S&*S 1/00 '
D&"$ "$S" S$C"-%(: 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
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-$ D-&M$"$R
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>mm?
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15 S&*S 1/00 ' 2 C!ause ;5353
Diamter : !en6th : 000;. : "est pressure
>mm? >9m? >Ma?
F 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 !itre
/5 DWS 1110 2 C!ause 1/
1/8000 : vo!ume 4ater in test section
F 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 !itre
"$S" )M
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D-D-S-%(S: 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
C&'-*R&"-%(: 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
M$&S)R-(, D$D-C$S:
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C&'-*R&"-%(: 55555555555555555
R$C%RD$R
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"-M$: 30 min "-M$: 60 min "-M$: 1/ hours "-M$: /8 hours
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51.A DWS 111!
C,-./012/3,- ,4 P35673-6.
CONTRACT WF8888888888888
HYDROSTATIC TEST CERTIFICATE FOR GRP PIPES
SCHEME9 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.
PIPELINE9 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
PIPE TEST CONTRACT METHOD DATE TEST SECTION9 :::::::::::::::::...
1. DWS 115! #EGIN &;'9 :::::::::::::::::::...
END &;'9 ::::::::::::::::::::...
PIPE DIAMETER LENGTH OF TEST PRESSURE ALLOWA#LE LEA"AGE RATE
&OD' SECTION 1. DWS 115! - C7<1.6 4.4.2
::::::: 2! = D3<;6/60 = L6->/? = T6./ P06..106
&;;' &;' &@;' &#<0'
A ::::::. L3/06*24 ?,10.
PIPE STIFFNESS AND / &;;' :::::::. :::::::..
:::::::::::::. &@;' &#<0'
TEST PUMP PRESSURE GAUGE&S' MEASURING DEVICES9
METER RECORDER
TYPE9 ::::::::::::::: TYPE9 :::::::::::::::. VOLUME9 ::::::. ::::::
MANUFACTURER9 :::::::::. DIAMETER9 ::::::::::::.. DIVISIONS9 :::::.. ::::::
DIVISIONS9 ::::::::::::: CALI#RATION9 :::.. ::::::
CALI#RATION9 :::::::::::
TIME9 3! ;3- TIME9 6! ;3- TIME9 12 ?,10. TIME9 24 ?,10.
VOLUME CUMULATIVE VOLUME CUMULATIVE VOLUME CUMULATIVE VOLUME CUMULATIVE
:::::: ::::::. ::::::. ::::::. :::::: :::::: ::::::. ::::::
51.A&2'
COMMENTS LEA"AGES CH&;'
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::: ::::::::::::..
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::: ::::::::::::..
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::: ::::::::::::..
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::: ::::::::::::..
NAME SIGNATURE
CONTRACTOR ::::::::::::::::::. ::::::::::::::::::.
ENGINEER ::::::::::::::::::. ::::::::::::::::::.
INSPECTION AUTHORITY ::::::::::::::::::. ::::::::::::::::::.

Construction of Pipelines Specification

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SPECIFICATION DWS 1110

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