PROBLEM 3.

37
Consider the volleyball net shown. Determine the angle formed by guy
wires AB and AC.

SOLUTION



First note
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
/
1.95 m 2.4 m 0.6 m
B A
AB = = + + r
3.15 m =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
/
0 m 2.4 m 1.8 m
C A
AC = = + + r
3.0 m =
and
( ) ( ) ( )
/
1.95 m 2.40 m 0.6 m
B A
= + r i j k
( ) ( )
/
2.40 m 1.80 m
C A
= + r j k
By definition
/ / / /
cos
B A C A B A C A
= r r r r
or ( ) ( ) ( )( ) 1.95 2.40 0.6 2.40 1.80 3.15 3.0 cos + + = i j k j k
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) 1.95 0 2.40 2.40 0.6 1.8 9.45cos + + =
cos 0.72381 =
and 43.630 =
or 43.6 =






PROBLEM 3.38
Consider the volleyball net shown. Determine the angle formed by guy
wires AC and AD.

SOLUTION



First note
( ) ( )
2 2
/
2.4 1.8 m 3 m
C A
AC = = + = r
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
/
1.2 2.4 0.3 m 2.7 m
D A
AD = = + + = r
and ( ) ( )
/
2.4 m 1.8 m
C A
= + r j k
( ) ( ) ( )
/
1.2 m 2.4 m 0.3 m
D A
= + r i j k
By definition
/ / / /
cos
C A D A C A D A
= r r r r
or ( ) ( ) ( )( ) 2.4 1.8 1.2 2.4 0.3 3 2.7 cos + + = j k i j k
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) 0 1.2 2.4 2.4 1.8 0.3 8.1cos + + =
and
6.3
cos 0.77778
8.1
= =
38.942 =
or 38.9 =





PROBLEM 3.39
Steel framing members AB, BC, and CD are joined at B and C and are
braced using cables EF and EG. Knowing that E is at the midpoint of BC
and that the tension in cable EF is 330 N, determine (a) the angle
between EF and member BC, (b) the projection on BC of the force
exerted by cable EF at point E.

SOLUTION

(a) By definition ( )( ) 1 1 cos
BC EF
=
where
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
16 m 4.5 m 12 m 1
16 4.5 12
20.5
16 4.5 12 m
BC

= =
+ +
i j k
i j k

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
7 m 6 m 6 m 1
7 6 6
11.0
7 6 6 m
EF
+
= = +
+ +
i j k
i j k
( ) ( ) 16 4.5 12 7 6 6
cos
20.5 11.0

+
=
i j k i j k

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) 16 7 4.5 6 12 6 20.5 11.0 cos + + =
and
1
157
cos 134.125
225.5

= =



or 134.1 =
(b) By definition ( ) cos
EF EF
BC
T T =
( ) 330 N cos134.125 =
229.26 N =
or ( ) 230 N
EF
BC
T =




PROBLEM 3.40
Steel framing members AB, BC, and CD are joined at B and C and are
braced using cables EF and EG. Knowing that E is at the midpoint of BC
and that the tension in cable EG is 445 N, determine (a) the angle
between EG and member BC, (b) the projection on BC of the force
exerted by cable EG at point E.

SOLUTION

(a) By definition ( )( ) 1 1 cos
BC EG
=
where
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
16 m 4.5 m 12 m 16 4.5 12
20.5
16 m 4.5 12 m
BC

= =
+ +
i j k i j k

0.78049 0.21951 0.58537 = i j k

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
8 m 6 m 4.875 m 8 6 4.875
11.125
8 6 4.875 m
EG
+ +
= =
+ +
i j k i j k

0.71910 0.53933 0.43820 = + i j k
( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )
16 8 4.5 6 12 4.875
cos
20.5 11.25
BC EG

+ +
= =
and
1
96.5
cos 64.967
228.06

= =



or 65.0 =
(b) By definition ( ) cos
EG EG
BC
T T =
( ) 445 N cos64.967 =
188.295 N =
or ( ) 188.3 N
EG
BC
T =





PROBLEM 3.41
Slider P can move along rod OA. An elastic cord PC is attached to the
slider and to the vertical member BC. Knowing that the distance from O
to P is 0.12 m and the tension in the cord is 30 N, determine (a) the angle
between the elastic cord and the rod OA, (b) the projection on OA of the
force exerted by cord PC at point P.

SOLUTION
(a) By definition ( )( ) 1 1 cos
OA PC
=
where
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
0.24 m 0.24 m 0.12 m
0.24 0.24 0.12 m
OA
+
=
+ +
i j k


2 2 1
3 3 3
= + i j k
Knowing that
/
| | 0.36 m
AO OA
L = = r and that P is located 0.12 m from O, it follows that the coordinates
of P are
1
3
the coordinates of A.
( ) 0.08 m, 0.08 m, 0.040 m P
Then
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
0.10 m 0.22 m 0.28 m
0.10 0.22 0.28 m
PC
+ +
=
+ +
i j k

0.27037 0.59481 0.75703 = + + i j k
( )
2 2 1
0.27037 0.59481 0.75703 cos
3 3 3

| |
+ + + =
|
\ .
i j k i j k
and ( )
1
cos 0.32445 71.068

= =
or 71.1 =
(b) ( ) ( ) cos 30 N cos 71.068
PC PC
OA
T T = =
( ) 9.7334 N
PC
OA
T =
or ( ) 9.73 N
PC
OA
T =





PROBLEM 3.42
Slider P can move along rod OA. An elastic cord PC is attached to the
slider and to the vertical member BC. Determine the distance from O to P
for which cord PC and rod OA are perpendicular.

SOLUTION
The requirement that member OA and the elastic cord PC be perpendicular implies that
0
OA PC
= or
/
0
OA C P
= r
where
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
0.24 m 0.24 m 0.12 m
0.24 0.24 0.12 m
OA
+
=
+ +
i j k


2 2 1
3 3 3
= + i j k
Letting the coordinates of P be ( ) , , , P x y z we have
( ) ( ) ( )
/
0.18 0.30 0.24 m
C P
x y z ( = + +

r i j k
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 1
0.18 0.30 0.24 0
3 3 3
x y z
| |
( + + + =
|
\ .
i j k i j k (1)
Since ( )
/
2 2 ,
3
OP
P O OA OP
d
d = = + r i j k
Then
,
2 2 1
,
3 3 3
OP OP OP
x d y d z d

= = = (2)
Substituting the expressions for x, y, and z from Equation (2) into Equation (1),
( )
1 2 2 1
2 2 0.18 0.30 0.24 0
3 3 3 3
OP OP OP
d d d
( | | | | | |
+ + + + =
| | | (
\ . \ . \ .

i j k i j k
or 3 0.36 0.60 0.24 0.72
OP
d = + =
0.24 m
OP
d =
or 240 mm
OP
d =





PROBLEM 3.43
Determine the volume of the parallelepiped of Figure 3.25 when
(a) P = (7 in.)i (1 in.)j + (2 in.)k, Q = (3 in.)i (2 in.)j + (4 in.)k, and
S = (5 in.)i + (6 in.)j (1 in.)k, (b) P = (1 in.)i + (2 in.)j (1 in.)k,
Q = (8 in.)i (1 in.)j + (9 in.)k, and S = (2 in.)i + (3 in.)j + (1 in.)k.

SOLUTION
Volume of a parallelepiped is found using the mixed triple product.
(a) ( ) Vol = P Q S
( )
3 3
7 1 2
3 2 4 in 14 168 20 3 36 20 in
5 6 1

= = + + +



3
187 in =

3
or Volume 187 in =
(b) ( ) Vol = P Q S
( )
3 3
1 2 1
8 1 9 in 1 27 36 16 24 2 in
2 3 1

= = + + +

3
46 in =
or
3
Volume 46 in =

PROBLEM 3.44
Given the vectors P = 4i 2j + P
z
k, Q = i + 3j 5k, and S = 6i +
2j k, determine the value of P
z
for which the three vectors are coplanar.

SOLUTION
For the vectors to all be in the same plane, the mixed triple product is zero.
( ) 0 = P Q S
( )
4 2
1 3 5 12 40 60 2 2 18
6 2 1
z
z
P
O P

= = + + +


so that
34
1.70
20
z
P = =
or 1.700
z
P =





PROBLEM 3.45
The 0.732 1.2-m lid ABCD of a storage bin is hinged along side AB
and is held open by looping cord DEC over a frictionless hook at E. If the
tension in the cord is 54 N, determine the moment about each of the
coordinate axes of the force exerted by the cord at D.

SOLUTION


First note ( ) ( )
2 2
0.732 0.132 m z =
0.720 m =
Then ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
0.360 0.720 0.720 m
DE
d = + +
1.08 m =
and ( ) ( ) ( )
/
0.360 m 0.720 m 0.720 m
E D
= + r i j k
Have
( )
/
OE
DE E D
DE
T
d
= T r
( )
54 N
0.360 0.720 0.720
1.08
= + i j k
( ) ( ) ( ) 18.0 N 36.0 N 36.0 N = + i j k
Now
/ A D A DE
= M r T
where ( ) ( )
/
0.132 m 0.720 m
D A
= + r j k
Then 0 0.132 0.720 N m
18.0 36.0 36.0
A
=

i j k
M


PROBLEM 3.45 CONTINUED
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
{
0.132 36.0 0.720 36.0 0.720 18.0 0
A
( ( = +

M i j
( )( )
}
0 0.132 18.0 N m ( +

k
or ( ) ( ) ( ) 30.7 N m 12.96 N m 2.38 N m
A
= + M i j k
30.7 N m, 12.96 N m,
x y
M M = = 2.38 N m
z
M =