Pidsymbols 120125150953 Phpapp01 PDF

8/31/12
How to Read a P&ID

For
Risk
Analysis
8/31/12
P&ID is a Piping and
Instrumentation Diagram
8/31/12
o identi!y risk !rom a set
o! P&ID you must "a#e
$lear understanding o!
t"ree t"ings%
8/31/12
&1
'nderstand t"e
pro$ess
8/31/12
&2
'nderstand t"e
!ailures
8/31/12
&3
'nderstand t"e
$onse(uen$e
8/31/12
)ines are used !or s"owing
piping* e(uipment and
instrumentation
$onne$tions%
8/31/12
%so people $an
$ommuni$ate t"e pro$ess
se(uen$e and t"e
relations"ip o! di!!erent
e(uipment
8/31/12
+(uipment and
instrumentation are
$onne$ted ,y lines
Here are some $ommon
$onne$tions
8/31/12
Pipe
-ommon Failure .odes/
-
-ollapse
-
0urst/Rupture
-
+rosion
-
-orrosion
8/31/12
+le$tri$al 1ignal
-
2pen $onne$tion
-
+le$tri$al s"orting
-
+le$tromagneti$ inter!eren$e
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Pneumati$ 1ignal
-
)eakage o! internal !luid
-
Hig" $omponents !ri$tion le#el
-
)oss o! pressure
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Data 1ignal
-
Radio inter!eren$e
-
1ignal !iltering
-
Pa$kets )oss
-
)oss o! signal
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Fle3i,le Pipe
-
-ompressi#e !ailure
-
ensile !ailure
-
2#er ,ending
-
Rupture
8/31/12
1ym,ols are used to
simpli!y drawings
From t"is
o t"is
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
8/31/12
1ome e(uipment are used
to add or redu$e energy
in t"e material
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0lower
-
Fail to operate on demand
-
)oss o! pressure
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Furna$e
-
Flame out
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Pump
-
Fail to operate on demand
-
)oss o! pressure
-
2#er pressure
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-ompressor
-
Fail to start
-
Damage due to li(uid
-
2#er pressure
-
+3$essi#e #i,ration
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Heat
e3$"anger
-
)eakage
-
-orrosion
-
Plugged
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Plate Heat +3$"anger
-
)eakage
-
-orrosion
-
Plugged
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Aerial Fan
-
)oss o! air $ir$ulation
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!or material storage
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Floating 1torage ank
-
2#er!low
-
)eakage
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1p"ere ank
-
2#erpressure
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Pressuri5ed 6essel
-
2#erpressure
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to separate material
8/31/12
Hori5ontal 1eparator
-
2#erpressure
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6erti$al 1eparator
-
2#erpressure
8/31/12
Fluid -onta$ting
-olumn
-
2#erpressure
-
-orrosion
-
Plugged
8/31/12
ray -olumn
-
2#erpressure
-
-ontamination
8/31/12
6al#es are used to $ontrol
t"e !low o! material
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.anual 6al#e
-
+3ternal leakage
-
Internal leakage
-
Inad#ertent position
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-ontrol 6al#e
-
Fail to $lose on demand
-
Fail to open on demand
-
1purious operation
-
)eakage
8/31/12
1olenoid 6al#e
1
-
1tru$tural !ailure
-
1eat )eakage
-
1eal )eakage
-
)oss o! a$tuator
8/31/12
.otor7operated 6al#e
.
-
.otor !ailure
-
Fail to stroke
8/31/12
0utter!ly 6al#e
-
-
-
1purious operation
8/31/12
8lo,e 6al#e
-
-
-
1purious operation
-
)eakage
8/31/12
9eedle 6al#e
-
-
-
1purious operation
-
)eakage
8/31/12
0all 6al#e
-
-
-
1purious operation
-
)eakage
8/31/12
-"e$k #al#e

-
)eakage
-
1tu$k at open position
8/31/12
to relie! pressure in t"e
pro$ess
8/31/12
Relie! 6al#e
-
Fail to open
8/31/12
-ur#ed 8as 6ent
-
Plugged
8/31/12
Rupture Disk
-
-orrosion
8/31/12
-ontrol system are used
to manage t"e ,e"a#iour
o! t"e pro$ess
8/31/12
Programma,le )ogi$
-ontrol
-
1o!tware error
-
+3e$ution error
8/31/12
1"ared display* s"ared
-ontrol
-
1o!tware error
-
+3e$ution error
8/31/12
1ensors are used to
measure t"e p"ysi$al
properties o! t"e pro$ess
and $on#ert it into a signal

8/31/12
Flow ransmitter
FT
-
1purious measurement
-
)oss o! measurement
8/31/12
Pressure ransmitter
PT
-
-
)oss o! measurement
8/31/12
)e#el ransmitter
L
T
-
-
)oss o! measurement
8/31/12
9ow lets identi!y t"e risk
o! t"is pro$ess%
8/31/12
LT
25
3
H)):2;;<
mm
9)):1=;<
mm
))):2;<
mm
LC
LY
LV
1tea
m
-ondensat
e
o atmosp"ere at
sa!e lo$ation
PS
V
D71<1
D71<1 Re7,oiler -ondensate
Pot
25
3
25
3
25
3
11
1
Drawing Re!>
Drawing Re!>
LG
25
3
2?
2?
3?
3?
3/@?
3/@?
=?
=?
=?
=?
1i5e A
1+ B
C<<kPag
=?
8/31/12
1tep 1/ 'nderstand t"e
pro$ess
"ere is low pressure

steam !lowing into t"e
#essel
"e steam $ools and

!orms $ondensate in t"e
$ondensate pot
"e le#el o! t"e

$ondensate li(uid is
$ontrolled ,y a le#el
$ontrol loop
-ondensate is drained
out t"e ,ottom o! t"e
#essel
8/31/12
LT
25
3
H)):2;;<
mm
9)):1=;<
mm
))):2;<
mm
LC
LY
LV
1tea
m
-ondensat
e
o atmosp"ere at
sa!e lo$ation
PS
V
D71<1
Pot
25
3
25
3
25
3
11
1
Drawing Re!>
Drawing Re!>
LG
25
3
2?
2?
3?
3?
3/@?
3/@?
=?
=?
=?
=?
1i5e A
1+ B
C<<kPag
=?
1
t
a
r
t
8/31/12
1tep 2/ Identi!y possi,le
!ailures
"e $ontrol loop $an
mal!un$tion $ausing t"e
#al#e )62;3 to !ail in t"e
$losed position
8/31/12
LT
25
3
H)):2;;<
mm
9)):1=;<
mm
))):2;<
mm
LC
LY
LV
1team
-ondensat
e
o atmosp"ere at
sa!e lo$ation
PS
V
D71<1
Pot
25
3
25
3
25
3
11
1
Drawing Re!>
Drawing Re!>
PG
25
3
2?
2?
3?
3?
3/@?
3/@?
=?
=?
=?
=?
1i5e A
1+ B
C<<kPag
=?
8/31/12
1tep 3/ Assess t"e
$onse(uen$e
"e le#el $ontrol #al#e

!ails in t"e $losed
position ,lo$king t"e
drain line
Ha5ard is "ig" le#el and

"ig" pressure in t"e tank
Potential $onse(uen$e o!
loss o! $ontainment and
e(uipment damage wit"
DDDD losses
8/31/12
9ow you "a#e identi!ied
t"e $ause o! t"e
o#erpressure "a5ard* $an
you identi!y t"e
sa!eguardE
8/31/12
"e pressure relie! wit" a
set point o! C<< kPa will
open and redu$e ,ut not
eliminate t"e risk o!
rupture
8/31/12
LT
25
3
H)):2;;<
mm
9)):1=;<
mm
))):2;<
mm
LC
LY
LV
1tea
m
-ondensat
e
o atmosp"ere at
sa!e lo$ation
PS
V
D71<1
Pot
25
3
25
3
25
3
11
1
Drawing Re!>
Drawing Re!>
LG
25
3
2?
2?
3?
3?
3/@?
3/@?
=?
=?
=?
=?
1i5e A
1+ B
C<<kPag
=?
8/31/12
0y understanding t"e P&ID
you $an $learly assess risk
in your operation and
make good de$isions
8/31/12
Any FuestionsE
-li$k to edit .aster su,title style
8/31/12
Risk> Inspired>
For more
lessons go to
www>i$arus7
orm>$om

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8/31/12

How to Read a P&ID

"ere is low pressure

"e steam $ools and

"e le#el o! t"e

"e le#el $ontrol #al#e

Ha5ard is "ig" le#el and

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