Group 7- Three-phase transformer

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Group 7 :
1. V Quc Cng (20900328)
2. Trng Hong Tr (80902940)
3. Nguyn Tin Khoa (40901248)
4. L Nguyn Anh Nga (60901653)

Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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Contents

1. Introduction .......................................................................................... 3
- Usage ..................................................................................................... 5
- Structure ................................................................................................ 6
2. Three-phase transformer bank .......................................................... 8
- Introduction
- Advantages and Defects
3. Three Phase Transformer Winding Configurations ....................... 9
4. Problems .............................................................................................. 11


Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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1. Introduction
Three-phase power
The power company generators produce electricity by rotating 3 coils or windings through a magnetic
field within the generator . These coils or windings are spaced 120 degrees apart. As they rotate
through the magnetic field they generate power which is then sent out on three lines as in three-
phase power.














Threephase transformer
- 3 coils or windings connected in the proper sequence.
- to match the incoming power.
- transform the power company voltage to the level of voltage we need and maintain the proper
phasing or polarity.

Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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Usage
- Electricity transmission and distribution systems.
- Industrial electricity network.

Structure
- Three-legged iron core.
- Each leg has a respective primary and secondary winding.

Steel core: 3 cylinder to wrap wire and yoke to close the magnetic circuit.
Steel core is made of steel foil, both sides painted for electricity-insulation and merge them
into a cylinder.
Wires: windings (copper) are insulated, wrapped around steel core.
(AX, BY,CZ):primary windings.
(ax, by, cz):secondary windings.
Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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2. THREE-PHASE TRANSFORMER BANK

- Connect 3 similar single-phase transformer.
- The primary and secondary windings may be connected in either star or delta configurations.


Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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Advantages
- Ease of transportation.
- 1 phase of the transformer at fault, the other 2 are not affected.
Defects
- Inefficient magnetic circuit.
- Higher capital cost than a single one.
2. Three Phase Transformer Winding Configurations
Transformer design concept

Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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Two ways to configure





Delta
()
Wye
(Y)
Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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(positive pole of coil is marked by a dot)
Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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(positive pole of coil is marked by a dot)
Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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Combining the Winding Configurations

Wye-Delta
Y/
Wye-Wye
with neutral
Y/Y
0

Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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Delta-Delta
/
Delta-Wye
with neutral
/Y
0

Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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The voltage transformation ratio K


Phase transformation ratio:

Winding transformation ratio:



Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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a. Case 1: Transformer Wye-Wye with neutral (Y/Yo)
Primary is Wye configuration: U
d1
= 3U
p1
Secondary is Wye configuration : U
d2
=3U
p2
So:
K
d
=

=K
p


b. Case 2: Transformer Wye-Delta with neutral (Y/ )
Primary is Wye configuration: U
d1
= 3U
p1
Secondary is Wye configuration : U
d2
=U
p2
So:
K
d
=

=3K
p
c. Case 3: Transformer Delta-Delta ( / )
Primary is Wye configuration: U
d1
= U
p1
Secondary is Wye configuration : U
d2
=U
p2
So:
K
d
=

=K
p
d. Case 4: Transformer Delta-Wye with neutral ( /Yo)
Primary is Wye configuration: U
d1
= U
p1
Secondary is Wye configuration : U
d2
=3U
p2
So:
K
d
=

K
p
Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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4.Problem:
1)

Three one-phase transformers 10kVA, 2300/460V, connected together,
make a three-phase transformer .It supplies 18kW to a three-phase load,
balanced 460V. Power factor 0,8 (lagging).

?

Each one-phase transformer has apparent power is 10kVA, primary voltage 2300V, secondary 460V.
So we have:

=2300V;

=460V
Primary connection is Y, and secondary connection is . So:

3 3988;

=460V

=3

=

..,
=18,1A

=
,

=10,5A (connection )
We have:

=2,1A

=2,1 (connection Y)

Group 7- Three-phase transformer
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2) A three-phased motor ,50hp, 440 V, having
performance 0,88 and power factor 0,82 is
supplied by a three-phase transformer 6600/440
V. Connection -Y
2) Caculate

?
3)Caculate

?

2) When we write a three-phase motor 50hp,440V. It means the power motor supplies to Load is

=50hp, and voltage source supplies to motor is 440V

,
=42386W
3) Similar to exercise 1.

=3

Suy ra

=

,
=67,83A

=254V;

= 67,83A

=6600V

=
,

=2,61A
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4) A three-phase transformer is combinated from three ideal one-phase transformers, supplied by
three-phase power supply 2400V .Connection Y-Y. It supplies 600kVA to a three-phase load,
balanced at 240V. Caculate

?
We
have

=3

=

.
=1443A

=1443A (connect Y)

=139V;

=2400V;

=1385,6V

,
=144,76A
5) a combinating three-phase transformer, connection Y-, supplies 500kW to to a three-phase load,
balanced at 1100V, power factor 0,85 (late).

= 11000V. Caculate

? (Circuit is the same as circuit

in exercise 1)
We have:

=1100V

=

,
=223A

=129A

=6351V

=22,3A
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With this data: a combinating three-phase transformer, connection -Y, decreases voltage from
12600V to 660V and supplies 55kVA to load, having power factor 0,866 (late)
6) Calculate the transformer ratio of each one-phase transformer (

) ?
7) Caculate apparent power (

(kVA) and effective power (

) (kW) of each one-phase transformer?

8)Caculate

=55kVA; cos

=0,866


We have :

=12600V;

=660V

=12600V;

/3=381V
6)

=12600/381=33
7)

55/3=18,3kVA

.cos

=18,3x0,866=15,9kW
8)

=3x

So

=55000/(3x660)=48,1A=

381x48,1)/12600=1,45A

=1,92A