Dam Hydraulics

D. L Vischer
W. H. Hager
ETH-Zentrum, Zurich, Switzerland
JOHN WILEY & SONS
Chichester New York Weinheim Brisbane Singapore Toronto



2008 AGI-Information Management Consultants
May be used for personal purporses only or by
libraries associated to dandelon.com network.
Contents
Preface ix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 What is dam hydraulics? 1
1.2 Description of dam hydraulics 2
1.3 Design discharge of bottom outlet 8
1.3.1 Purpose of bottom outlet 8
1.3.2 Drawdown of reservoir 10
1.3.3 Flushing of sediments 11
1.3.4 Flood and residual discharge 12
1.3.5 Possibilities of failure 12
1.4 Design discharge of spillway 13
1.4.1 Concept of crest height 13
1.4.2 Concept of water volumes 16
1.4.3 Concept of discharges 17
1.4.4 Design assumption 19
1.5 Design discharge of intake structure 21
1.5.1 Purpose 21
1.5.2 Storage characteristics 21
1.5.3 Reservoir storage 22
1.5.4 Design principle and standard values 24
1.6 Design discharge of diversion tunnel or channel 24
1.6.1 Purpose of diversion 24
1.6.2 Concepts of design 25
1.6.3 Choice of design flood 26
References 27
2 Overflow Structures 31
2.1 Introduction 31
2.1.1 Overflow gates 31
2.1.2 Overflow types 33
2.1.3 Significance of overflow structure 39
2.2 Frontal overflow 39
2.2.1 Crest shapes 39
2.2.2 Standard crest 40
2.2.3 Free surface profile 44
2.2.4 Discharge characteristics 44
2.2.5 Bottom pressure characteristics 45
2.2.6 Velocity distribution 46
2.2.7 Cavitation design 50
vi Contents
2.2.8 Overflow piers 50
2.2.9 Overflow gates 54
2.3 Side channel 57
2.3.1 Typology 57
2.3.2 Hydraulic design 60
2.3.3 Spatial flow features 62
2.4 Morning Glory overfall 64
2.4.1 Concept 64
2.4.2 Crest shape 66
2.4.3 Discharge and pressure characteristics 68
2.4.4 Location of overflow structure 69
2.4.5 Vertical shaft 69
2.4.6 Shaft aeration 72
2.5 Siphon 76
2.5.1 Description of siphons 76
2.5.2 Blackwater siphon 78
2.5.3 Whitewater siphon 80
References 82
87
87
89
89
91
91
97
98
98
100
102
103
103
103
107
111
111
111
112
115
117
117
119
123
130
147
151
5 Dissipation Structures 155
5.1 Introduction 155
5.2 Hydraulic jump and stilling basin 158
5.2.1 Classical hydraulic jump 158
5.2.2 Stilling basins 162
5.2.3 Basin characteristics 172
Diversion
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
i Structures
Introduction
Diversion tunnel
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
River
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
Introduction
Inlet to diversion tunnel
Tunnel flow
Outlet structure
diversion
Effect of constriction
Transitional flow
Subcritical flow
Culvert
3.4.1
3.4.2
References
Introduction
Hydraulic design
Outlet Structures
4.1
4.2
4.3
Free fall
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3
Chute
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
Introduction
Jet trajectory
Jet impact
Hydraulic design
Surface air entrainment
Chute aerator
Shockwaves
Cascade spillway
References
Contents vii
5.3 Drop structures and plunge pools 175
5.3.1 Basic flow features 175
5.3.2 Impact structures 177
5.3.3 Scour characteristics 177
5.4 Trajectory basins 178
5.4.1 Description of structure 178
179
181
184
185
189
189
192
198
199
199
202
203
206
206
207
208
210
211
212
Int ake St ruct ures 215
7.1 Introduction 215
7.2 Bottom intake 217
7.2.1 Design principles 217
7.2.2 Orifice flow 218
7.2.3 Inlet geometry 220
7.3 Surface intake 221
7.3.1 Vortex flow 221
7.3.2 Vertical intake vortex 222
7.3.3 Limit submergence 225
7.3.4 Design recommendations 228
7.4 Practical aspects 230
7.4.1 Prevention of floating matter 230
7.4.2 Emergency gate closure 231
References 232
Reservoir Sedimentation 235
8.1 Introduction 235
8.2 Methods of sediment removal 237
8.2.1 Direct methods 237
8.2.2 Gravel basins 237
8.2.3 Front basin 238
8.2.4 Reservoir dredging 238
8.2.5 Clearing of dam outlet 239
8.2.6 Reservoir emptying 241
8.3 Density currents 242
8.3.1 Definition 242
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
References
Bottom <
Takeoff
Jet disintegration
Scour
Outlets
6.1 Design principles
6.2 Gate
6.3 Gate
types and design requirements
vibration
6.4 Hydraulics of high-head gates
6.4.1
6.4.2
Discharge equation
Gate slots
6.5 Air entrainment
6.6 Cavitation
6.6.1
6.6.2
6.6.3
6.6.4
6.6.5
References
Description
Bubble collapse dynamics
Cavitation characteristics
Cavitation damage
Control of cavitation
viii
8.3.2 Plunge point
8.3.3 Equilibrium flow
8.3.4 Intrusion
8.4 Sediment control
8.4.1 Turbulent suspension
8.4.2 Turbidity currents
8.4.3 Flushing of sediments
8.5 Secondary hydraulic effects of reservoir sedimentation
8.5.1 Upstream river
8.5.2 Downstream river
8.5.3 Disposal of sediments
References
9 Impulse Waves from Shore Instabilities
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Impulse waves
9.2.1 Wave theories
9.2.2 Impulse waves
9.3 Generation of impulse waves
9.3.1 Wave generation by moving wedge
9.3.2 Wave generation by falling mass
9.3.3 Spatial impulse waves
9.4 Impact of impulse waves
9.4.1 Governing parameters
9.4.2 Runup mechanism
9.4.3 Runup height
9.5 Overtopping of impulse waves
9.5.1 Description of phenomenon
9.5.2 Description of overtopping
9.5.3 Characteristics of overtopping
9.6 Remarks
References
10 Dambreak Waves
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Dam breaching
10.2.1 Breaching characteristics
10.2.2 Examples of dam breachings
10.2.3 Breach characteristics
10.2.4 Singh's model for dam breach development
10.3 De Saint-Venant equations
10.4 One-dimensional dambreak flow
10.4.1 Ritter solution
10.4.2 Dressler's asymptotic solution
10.4.3 Pohle's 2D-approach
10.4.4 Hunt's asymptotic solution
10.5 Experimental approach
10.5.1 Experimental observations
10.5.2 Horizontal smooth channel
10.5.3 Sloping smooth channel
References
Subject Index
Author Index
Contents
243
243
244
245
245
247
248
248
248
250
250
252
255
255
255
255
256
257
257
259
261
262
262
263
264
264
264
264
266
268
269
271
271
272
272
272
275
276
279
281
281
282
284
286
287
287
288
296
303
305
314


!"#$ %&' ()*$ : +,-!./0-1 2"1 35"6
http://www.sazehayehydraulici.com/

789$ %&' ;/<= :
http://www.sazehayehydraulici.com//modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=121


Dam Hydraulics "#$% : ?)*@ 30 ? 3"$ A"B= 1388
&'('* : C"DE . FG"#$ . F"&HIK

Dam HydraulicsBy D. L. Vischer, W. H. Hager



Publisher: Wiley
Number Of Pages: 328
Publication Date: 1998-04-21
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0471972894
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780471972891



amazon.com/images/I/41R06KH0PCL._SL75_.jpg - http://ecx.images


By D. L. Vischer, W. H. Hager



Publisher: Wiley
Number Of Pages: 328
Publication Date: 1998-04-21
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0471972894
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780471972891


Product Description :

This book develops the main themes of water flow in dam structures, emphasizing the hydraulic
principles governing the design, construction and refurbishment of dams. Opening with an overview
of the various dam structures, it then develops fundamental topics including: reservoir
sedimentation, waves due to landslides and dambreak waves. The authors provide a systematic
analysis of the various phenomena associated with dam hydraulics, illustrated with appropriate
figures and photographs of laboratory models and prototype structures .

10.12 MB
link
archive password: gigle.ws
http://ifile.it/dug9jla/0471972894__gigle.ws.rar



Page 1 of 1 !"$%&'") *+) ,.+/ - Dam Hydraulics
23/1/2554 http://www.sazehayehydraulici.com/article-print-121.html