GLOSSARY.

1331
lepding, and, indeed, governing principles upon which the palace for a sovereign should
be constructed.
Many useful remarks on this subject will be obtained in perusing Bvewev'a Descriptive
and Historical Account
of
the various Palaces and Public Buildings, English and Foreign,
4to., London, 182L We regret that in this country no model of a palace can be offered
for the student. Windsor Castle, with all its beauties, which consist, however, more in
site and scenery than in the disposition of a palace, is not to be commended
; St. James's
Palace is said to be planned with many advantages for holding courts, but the exterior
is far fiom what a palace should be.
Paljestea. (Gr. naAaioi, I wrestle.) A part of the Grecian gymnasium, particularly
appropriated to wrestling and other gymnastic exercises; it was someimes used to
denote the whole building. It contained baths which were open for the use of the
public. According to the authority of Vitruvius no palfestra existed in Rome.
Pale. A small pointed stake or piece of wood, used for making landmarks, and enclosures,
placed vertically.
Pale Fencing, or Pale Fence. That constructed with pales.
Palisade. A fence of pales or stakes driven into the ground, set up for an enclosure, or
for tlie protection of property.
Palladian School of ARCiiiTECTUUE. A manner of designing, taking its name from its
introducer, the celebrated architect Andrea Palladio. It is a sort of medium between
that vigorous severity which some exclusive minds abuse in the endeavour to imitate
the Classic style, and the licentious anarchy of those who refuse to recognise rules,
which rules allow of exceptions. In the conception and execution of the edifices by
Palladio there is always a clear intuition, a simple method, a sufficiently perceptible
accord between need and pleasure, and such harmony in this accord that it would be
difficult to say which gave the law to the other. His manner offers to all countries a
model easy of imitation. The talent of the author of it is doubtless the principle
whence this facility emanates, but this facility of adapting itself to everything and
being adopted by all, is what distinguishes his talc t and generalises its influence. In
fact, it may be said with truth, that Palladio has become the most universally followed
muster in all Europe, and in some sort the chief of the modern scho >l in civil build-
ings. This school has been reproduced in England with the greatest success, as in the
case of luigo Jones and others. Quatremere de Quincy, Bid. Arch. See also Gwilt's
criticism in Book I.
Palm, a measure of length. See Measure (Anciekt), and Foot.
Pampre. (Fr.) An ornament composed of vine leaves and bunches of grapes wherewith
the hollow of the circumvolutions of twisted columns are sometimes decorated.
Pan. a square of framing in half-timbered houses, the uprights being filled in with
work. It is called post and pan, or post and petrail work, in the north of Ei gland.
Pancahpi. (Gr.) Garlands and festoons of fruit, flowers, and leaves, for the ornament
of altars, doors, vestibules, &c.
Pane. A term applied to the side of any object, as a square, octagon, &c., which would
be said to have four, eight, &c., sides.
Panel. (From the low Latin panellum.) A board -whose edges arc inserted into the
groove of a thicker surrounding frame, as in a door.
A panel in masonry is one of the faces of a hewn stone.
Panier. (Fr.) An upright corbel fixed against a pilaster and under a beam to break
the angle so formed.
Pantameter. a graduated bevel.
Pantile. The curved tile used for roofing.
Pantograph. An instrument for copying, diminishing, or enlarging drawings.
Paper. A substance made by the maceration of linen rags in water and spreading them
by hand or machinery into thin sheets ; on this the drawings of the architect are usually
made ; its usual sizes, as made by Whatman, being
:
Demy
-------- 20 inches by 1 5
inches.
Medium
221
-
17A
-
Royal
--------
24 - 19 -
Super-royal '
' ' ' ' ~ ' \*
"
1
Imperial
-------- 30
-
22 -
Colombier
- - - - - " -
rfi

->
Atlas
33

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Double Elephant
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Antiquarian '
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Extra
Antiquarian
------ oo o
Emperor
-
-
68

48
Imperial 90 and 140 lbs.
4 Q 2