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GLOSSARY.
St.ine. (Sux.) a natural indurated substance found beneath and on the surface of the
earth in almost every part of the world, and which for its strength and durability has
been universally employed for building purposes.
iStonewake. a prepared clav, burnt and glazed to prevent water soaking through it;
and used for jars, bottles, drain pipes, &c.
Stool. The name given to the benen whereon the brick-moulder moulds his bricks.
StouTHing. a provincial term which signifies the battening of walls. See Tdothino
Stop-Ci>ck. a cock used in plumbery to turn off the supply to a reservoir or tank.
Stopping. Making good cracks or defects in plastering, wood, &c.
Story. (Lat. or Sax. Sco[i.) One of the vertcal divis'.ons of a building; a scriei. of
apartments on the same level.
Story Posts. Upright timbers disposed in the story of a building for supporting thtj
superincumbent part of the exterior wall through the medium of a beam over tlieni
;
they a -e chiefly used in sheds and workshops, and should have either a solid wall
below or stand upan a strong wooden sill upon inverted arches, or upon large stones
with their ends let into sockets. They also form the posts at the ends of a trussed
partition.
Story Rod One used in setting iip a staircase, equal in lengih to the height of tha
story, and divided into as many parts as there are intended to be steps in the staircase,
so that they may be measured and distributed with accuracy.
Stoup. See Piscina.
Stove. An enclosed' fire grate for the purpose of obtaining a large amount of heat. A
chamber prepared specially for drying articles by heated air is often called a Stove.
Stkaight Arch. A lintel formed of separate pieces or voussoirs on the principle of the
arch.
Straight Joint Floor. See Floor.
Strain. (Sax. SCpenj.) The force exerted on any material tending to disarrange or
destroy the cohesion of its component parts.
Straining Piece or Stuutting Piece. A beam placed between two opposite beams to pro-
vent their near approach, as rafters, braces, struts, &e. It such a piece serves also the
office of a sill, it is called a straming sill.
Strap. (Dutch, Stroppe.) An iron plate for the connection of two or more timbers, into
which it is screwed by bolts.
Street. A public way for general traffic. The Metropolitan Board of \Vork, under
the
"
Metropolis Local Management Act, 1885," sect. 202, lias power to compel notice of
laying out new streets, and requires a width of 40 feet at least for carriage traffic, ami
20 feet for foot traffic, exclusive of gardens, areas, &c. A street shall have at the
least two entrances of the full width of such street, and sliall be open from the grouml
upward. A definition of the word "street" is given. The consent of the Board is
required by sect. 75 of the Metropolis Management Act Amendment Act, 1862, to
those erecting buildings or structures beyond the general line of buildings in any
street, place, or row ot houses within 50 feet. Rules are also given for measuring the
width, the curve of the carriage way, the height of the kerb to the foot-paths, and the
slope of the footpath. By the same Act, sects. 98 and 99, further legislation is
extended, and by sect. 112 any mews is included. The following are the widths of a
few of the new streets :
Cannon Street, by St. Paul's, between kerbs, is 30 feet
6 inches
; that of Cheapside, opposite Bow Church, is 31 feet ; that of Queen Victoria
Street, 1872-5, is 80 feet
;
that of V'ictoria Street, Westminster, is 80 feet; and of
Northumberland Avenue, 1875-6, is 80 feet.
Stretched out. A term applied to a surface that will just cover a body so extended
that all its parts are in a plane, or may be made to coincide with a plane.
Stretcher. A brick or stone laid with its longer face in the surface of the wall.
Stretching Course. In walling, a course of stones or bricks laid with their longer
dimensions in a horizontal line parallel to the face of the wall; it is exactly the con-
trary of a headhig course, in which tlio breadths of the stones or bricks are laid in a
straight line parallel to the face of the wall.
Stride. (Lat.) The lists or fillets between the flutes of columns.
Striated, Chamfered or ciianneled.
Striges. The channels of a fluted column.
Striking. A term used to denote the draught of lines on the surface of a body; the term
is also used to denote the drawing of lines on the face of a piece of stuflP for mortises
and cutting the shoulders of tenons. Auother application of the word occurs in the
practice of joinery, to denote the act of running a moulding with a plane. The sirikivg
of
a centre is the removal of the timber framing upon which an arch is built, after its
completion.
Stuing or String Piece. That part of a flight of f<tairs which fmnis its ceiling or soMte.
See Carriage.