K-DEPESCHE 2013

www.emsgrivory.com
Dear customers and business partners,
It takes more than simply being a ma-
terial supplier to ensure success in the
market. Today, customers are looking
for development partners who provide
ideas, develop innovations and solve
problems. EMS-GRIVORY has followed
this path consistently for many years and
in doing so, has achieved the position of
leading specialist for high-performance
polyamides.
Our goal is to achieve tailor-made
solutions. The researchers and develop-
ment engineers at EMS-GRIVORY deve-
lop products and processes which satisfy
both steadily increasing market demands
and customer requirements. In addition,
we provide support in mould design as
E
MS-GRIVORY is the leading expert
for high-performance polyamides with
the widest range of polyamides worldwi-
de. The globally active business unit of
the EMS Group has a very varied pro-
duct range and is a reliable development
partner for strong innovation and compe-
tent service. EMS-GRIVORY focusses con-
sistently on providing a comprehensive
service offer to customers.
continued on page 2
E
MS-GRIVORY has now increased the
assortment for long bre reinforced
polyamides to include ve product fami-
lies: Grivory HT, Grivory GV, Grilamid L,
Grilamid TR and Grilon TS are the basis
for polyamides reinforced with long glass
or carbon bres. Surprisingly, the same
property improvements are achieved In-
dependent of the basis polymer used.
The thermo-mechanical properties show
a signicant increase for all polyamides.
more about LFT: pages 6-9
Wide LFT assortment From idea to serial production
News from EMS-GRIVORY for the K 2013 Hall 6 / E61
The leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides
From the idea to serial production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Automotive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/5
Long bre reinforced polyamides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 - 9
GreenLine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Metal replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Optimisation / Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/13
Electro/Electronics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Communication / Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
EMS-GRIVORY worldwide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Christian Morf
Vice-President Marketing & Sales
well as in the manufacture and testing of
prototypes. We have a wealth of expe-
rience in simulation work and part opti-
misation which, in combination with our
high-quality materials, make extraordina-
ry component designs possible. In this
way, our customers are supplied not only
with the material, but also with a comple-
te solution, providing added value with
regard to cost savings, weight reduction
and freedom of design.
Taking our new high-heat stabilised
Grivory HT2VS-HH as example, the
whole performance spectrum of EMS-
GRIVORY can be seen. This new product
also emphasises our innovative strength.
Our high-performance polyamides have
now succeeded at temperatures previ-
ously considered to be impossible.
Exciting news can also be heard
from the other product families.
Due to its transparency and excellent
surface quality, Grilamid TR is achie-
ving success in an increasing number
of applications in automotive interiors.
Long bre reinforced polyamides from
EMS-GRIVORY with their oriented end-
less-bre reinforcement, ame protec-
tion or electrostatic conductivity are also
increasingly material of choice even
in unusual application areas.
We look forward to your challenge!
I hope you enjoy reading our news
and wish you an exciting visit to the
K 2013.
2 www.emsgrivory.com
EMS-GRIVORY the polyamide specialist
From the idea to serial production
E
MS-GRIVORY is the leading specia-
list for high-performance polyamides,
with the worlds broadest range of po-
lyamide products. The globally active
business unit of the EMS Group has a
very diverse product range and is a re-
liable partner for powerful innovations
and professional service. Complete so-
lutions instead of material recommenda-
tions thats the aim! One example of
a new product, the high-heat polyamide
Grivory HT2VS-HH, clearly shows how
EMS-GRIVORY works in a market-orien-
ted way to drive innovations forward to
successful serial production.
Increasing demands in the engine
compartment
One of the big trends in current automo-
bile development is downsizing. Due to
increasingly stringent statutory require-
ments, automobile manufacturers must
reduce CO2 emissions and thus also
the fuel consumption of their vehicles.
End customers however, are unwilling
to sacrice any convenience or driving
dynamics. To achieve the balancing act
between lower consumption and un-
changed or even higher performance,
car manufacturers rely on smaller en-
gine and cylinder sizes, with higher-
performance turbocharging ensuring an
equally high or often even greater level
of performance.
Rising temperatures and air pressures
in the charge air system are a conse-
quence of this development. Primarily,
this means higher stresses on the materi-
als used. In addition, there is a general
rise in temperatures in the engine com-
partment, because packaging is beco-
ming ever denser. A quick glance at the
past ten years reveals this development:
whereas a decade ago charge air pres-
sures were around 1.5 bar and char-
ge air temperatures up to a maximum
of 200C, these have now reached a
maximum pressure of 3.3 bar and conti-
nuous temperatures of 210C with peak
temperatures of 230C.
Everything from a single source
Following intensive research work, it was possible
to successfully heat-stabilise the well-known
Grivory HT2.
The new Grivory HT2VS-HH was thoroughly
tested in the material testing department.
Thanks to help from CAE, the technical experts of
the application development centre get the most
out of the components.
Application developers provide customers with
fast, uncomplicated help in the event of proces-
sing problems.
There is no sign of an end to this trend.
As a result of adapting power units to the
forthcoming Euro 6 standard, peak tem-
peratures of up to 250C will be more
the rule than the exception. As a result,
thermal stresses in the engine compart-
ment will rise to near the melting point
of aliphatic polyamides. Materials based
on PA66 and PA6 will reach the limits of
their performance capability.
Problem identified and solved
EMS-GRIVORY recognised this problem
at an early stage. During a period of
intensive research activity, its R&D de-
partment analysed and tested various
processes to raise EMS-GRIVORYs
high-performance polymers to the next
level of performance. The breakthrough
nally came. Using a method borrowed
from ame retardants, they modied
Grivory HT2, which has been marketed
successfully for many years, in such a
way that it has no problems withstan-
ding constant temperatures of up to
250C. The basic principle is simple: if
the thermal stress on a component made
of Grivory HT2VS-HH increases, a bar-
rier layer forms on its outer surface and
stops the process of thermal oxidation
from damaging the polyamide.
The hotter the better
Heat ageing of the new material and of
a 30% glass bre-reinforced standard
PPA at 230C gives an impressive de-
monstration of the mechanism (see gure
2). After 1,000 hours, it is apparent in
the case of the conventional PPA that the
process of thermal oxidation has alrea-
dy penetrated deep into the polyamide.
After 2,000 hours, the test piece is al-
most completely charred, and at 3,000
hours it is entirely carbonised. The situ-
ation is different with the heat-stabilised
Grivory HT2. As a result of the protec-
tive layer, the test piece is largely intact
even after 2,000 hours, and in contrast
to the standard PPA, there are no surface
cracks. The picture is comparable even
after 3,000 hours.
The higher the temperature, the qui-
cker the thermal oxidation protective
layer is formed. This fact leads to asto-
nishing results. Heat ageing experiments
at 180C for 2,500 hours show the
well-known performance ability of Gri-
vory HT2, with only a slight reduction
in mechanical properties (see gure 3).
At 200C, the durability is already well
above that of standard PPA. This picture
is even clearer at 230C and nally cul-
minates at 250C (see gure 4). In this
case, Grivory HT2VS-HH shows almost
constant strength during 3,000 hours,
whereas after 1,000 hours, the breaking
stress of conventional polyphthalamide
has already dropped to around half of
its original value, and after 2,000 hours
it has reached zero.
High retention of properties
High-heat polyamides look impressive
when compared to other high-perfor-
mance polymers. The stress-strain property
is on a par with a similarly reinforced PPS,
whereby the EMS-GRIVORY material has
higher elongation at break. When the
heat-ageing resistance of the two materi-
als is compared after about 1,000 hours
at 250C, Grivory HT2VS-HH shows far
greater resistance (see gure 5). Starting
from mechanical properties that are alrea-
dy higher in the un-aged state, the proper-
ty retention of Grivory HT2VS-HH with re-
gard to breaking stress is more than 60%
greater, and with regard to elongation at
break is up to more than 100% higher
than for a corresponding PPS type.
High Heat
Figure 1: Reduction in consumption and CO2 emissions with increased performance, exemplied by BMW.
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
C
O
2-em
issions (g/km)
Fuel consumption, mixed (l/100km)
217
9.0
178
7.6
149
6.4
192 hp
BMW E46 328i
218 hp
BMW E90 325i
245 hp
BMW F30 328i
From the idea to serial production
3 K-DEPESCHE 2013
High Heat
Figure 3: Heat ageing at 180C. Tests were
carried out on a 30% glass bre-reinforced
type of Grivory HT2VS-HH (XE 4216) and
a 45% reinforced type (XE 4217) compared
to a standard PPA with 30% glass bre
reinforcement.
250
200
150
100
50
0
S
t
r
e
s
s

a
t

b
r
e
a
k

(
M
P
a
)
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
Time (hours)
Std. PPA GF30 XE 4216 XE 4217
Figure 4: Heat ageing at 250C. Tests were
carried out on a 30% glass bre reinforced
type of Grivory HT2VS-HH (XE 4216) and a
45% reinforced type (XE 4217) compared to a
standard PPA with 30% glass bre reinforcement.
250
200
150
100
50
0
S
t
r
e
s
s

a
t

b
r
e
a
k

(
M
P
a
)
2500 3000 2000 1500 1000 500 0
Time (hours)
Std. PPA GF30 XE 4216 XE 4217
Figure 5: Comparison of the retention of proper-
ties of PPS and Grivory HT2VS-HH after 1,000
hours at 250C.
250
200
150
100
50
0
S
t
r
e
s
s

a
t

b
r
e
a
k

(
M
P
a
)
0 0 1000 1000
Time (hours)
60%
97%
Grivory XE 4216 250C
PPS GF30 250C
In addition to its exceptionally good
property retention, the customary perfor-
mance of Grivory HT2 is also retained.
For example, the new Grivory HT2VS-
HH delivers the typical stiffness of the
Grivory HT product family. Surface qua-
lity has been improved even further, and
longer ow paths are possible, making
processing easier.
Subjected to the most thorough
testing
All the tests were carried out in EMS-
GRIVORYs material testing department.
This enabled optimum support for the re-
search department during development of
the new high-heat polyamide. The materi-
als testing department at the Domat/Ems
site has contemporary, comprehensively
equipped testing laboratories that are
also available to EMS-GRIVORYs cus-
tomers. Characteristic parameters, e.g.
stiffness, strength and toughness, can be
determined on tensile and bending ma-
chines and on impact pendulums at any
temperature from 40C to well above
200C. In addition, the resistance of ma-
terials to chemicals, hydrolysis and heat
can be determined on other laboratory
equipment. These are just a few of the
analyses and tests that are part of the day-
to-day business of material testing.
These thorough tests also enabled
EMS-GRIVORY to ensure that the new
Grivory HT2VS-HH keeps its promise.
The automotive industrys response was
correspondingly positive. The material
has already been validated by numerous
OEMs and TIER 1 companies, with ex-
tremely pleasing feedback. For examp-
le, as previously with Grilon TSG-30/4
W2, it has achieved testing approval in
Volkswagens Central Laboratory with
a laboratory mark of 1 for 230C and
also for 250C.
Professional all-round service
A high-quality material on its own does
not automatically lead to a success-
ful application. EMS-GRIVORYs new
high-heat polyamide can full its po-
tential only if it is processed and used
correctly. Thats why many technical ex-
perts from EMS-GRIVORYs application
development centre, specialised in va-
rious elds including automotive engi-
neering, and who know the challenges
in the differnt areas of application and
speak the same (specialist) language,
are available to assist customers. Initial
applications using the highly heat-sta-
Figure 2: Heat ageing of a 30% glass bre-
reinforced PPA (top) and Grivory HT2VS-HH with
30% glass bre reinforcement after 3000 hours
at 230C.
48 h
48 h
1000 h
1000 h
2000 h
2000 h
3000 h
3000 h
bilised material are already
being developed with vari-
ous customers. Of course,
the application development
centre does not just offer this
service for the automotive in-
dustry or for Grivory HT2VS-
HH; all of EMS-GRIVORYs
customers benet from it.
On request, the specialists
will also undertake sub-tasks
of a project, to enable custo-
mers to concentrate on their
own strengths and thus achie-
ve their aim more quickly. The
application development cen-
tre experts perform feasibility
studies, check the economic
viability of projects, and nd
the right product for the job.
Supported by CAE (compu-
ter-assisted engineering) and
rheological examinations, the
engineers can demonstrate
how components and tools
must be designed in an opti-
mum way. On request, they
will offer assistance in the pro-
curement of a prototype tool.
Finally, the application deve-
lopment centre is also availa-
ble to customers for the manu-
facture of prototypes. When
all the questions have been
claried and all the difcul-
ties overcome, the component
can go into serial production.
Thats how EMS-GRIVORYs
application development cen-
tre works: it is not satised until
the customers are as well.
From the idea to serial
production
EMS-GRIVORY will assist the respective
customer if processing problems arise
during serial production. EMS-GRIVORY
possesses extensive expertise and has a
large amount of experience at its dispo-
sal. This enables many questions to be
answered quickly and without complica-
tions. If major obstacles ever arise, the
applications technologists will inspect the
problem on the spot. Because the appli-
cations technology centre in Switzerland
is backed up by worldwide support fa-
cilities, a comprehensive service and a
high level of continuous prompt support
can also be offered to customers opera-
ting on a global scale.
EMS-GRIVORY the polyamide specialist
From the idea to serial production
Along with the development and manufacture of high-performance polymers, EMS-GRIVORYs
strengths also include the creation of innovative system solutions. These focus on cost and
weight reduction through metal replacement.
EMS-GRIVORY supports customers throughout the whole development process and during serial
production. The services offered are adapted to suit individual customer requirements in each
market segment. Experienced development engineers accompany customers from the rst
feasibility studies through prototype manufacture and specic component testing right up to
mould optimisation .
In this way our customers receive a complete solution from the idea to serial production.
Your innovative development partner
EMS-GRIVORY . Via Innovativa 1 . CH-7013 Domat/Ems . Switzerland
Phone +41 81 632 78 88 . Fax +41 81 632 76 65
www.emsgrivory.com/K2013
EMS-GRIVORY:
An effective partner who supports and
accompanies its customers on the path to
successful applications
from the idea to serial production!
4 www.emsgrivory.com
Automotive
Light creates atmosphere
Dimensional stability and
accuracy
I
ncreasing demands in the automotive
industry mean that new innovations are
constantly needed for vehicle interiors.
Interior lights, which are generally ins-
talled in the roof lining, ensure that there
is evenly adjusted lighting throughout the
vehicle interior. The focussed light of the
reading lamps, on the other hand, allows
passengers to read without dazzling the
driver. Increasing use is also being made
of ambient lighting inside vehicles, to
help with orientation in the dark and to
provide enhanced comfort.
Grilamid TR 90 UV is ideal for chal-
lenging applications of this kind, thanks
to its outstanding resistance to UV and
chemicals, its unlimited colouring options
W
hen redesigning a lens holder for
an advanced front lighting system,
the German automotive supplier HELLA
required a polymer material providing
the right balance of dimensional accu-
racy, heat distortion temperature, weight
and cost. The 30% glass-bre reinforced
Grivory HTV-3H1 has a heat distortion
temperature of 280C and extraordina-
ry dimensional stability, especially under
uctuating temperatures. The new lens
holder made of Grivory HTV-3H1 is si-
gnicantly lighter in weight and less ex-
pensive than the previous, steel stamped
part, and can be efciently manufactu-
red using injection-moulded methods to
give a nished part requiring no post-
treatment.
Werner Freimann
Application Development Automotive
Grilamid TR 90 UV enhances car interiors
Some like it hot Grivory HTV-3H1 brings
light to darkness!
Durable, reliable and it matches requirements!
Grilon TSG-W2 in the engine compartment
Tried-and-tested, well-known
and yet still exceptional
T
he combination of smaller engines and
higher performance means that tempe-
ratures in the engine compartment and at
the drive train are constantly rising. With
its second generation of Grilon TSG W
products, EMS-GRIVORY has developed
materials which immediately passed the
1,000 hour test at the Volkswagen cen-
tral laboratory with ying colours.
At the same time, in a move demons-
trating its condence in successful deve-
lopment by EMS-GRIVORY and resulting
validation, Visteon launched component
testing for the new turbo-charged air coo-
ler for the VW Amarok. This component
is subjected not only to high temperatu-
res, but also to pressures of up to 2.9
bar, which pose a major challenge for
polyamides in terms of thermal stress.
W
hy have more than 30 million peo-
ple decided to buy a VW GOLF?
Because it is durable, reliable and mat-
ches their requirements. The same can
be said of Grilon BG-50 S: this material,
which is designed for injection-moulded
parts subjected to high levels of stress,
rst emerged in the 1970s, just like the
GOLF, and has likewise proven its per-
formance, durability and reliability. Tried-
and-tested and well-known for decades
and yet it is still an exceptional mate-
rial. Based on polyamide 6, a strong,
tough matrix reinforced with a glass b-
re content of 50 percent by weight, it is
easy to process with an efcient injection
moulding procedure the perfect match.
Grilon BG-50 S is therefore being used
EMS-GRIVORY supported its custo-
mer Visteon throughout the material
approval process by conducting ex-
tensive tests. Temperature and pres-
sure threshold testing was carried
out in addition to the usual ben-
ding and tear resistance tests.
Using state-of-the-art CAE cal-
culation programs, the com-
plete component was simu-
lated with regard to mould
lling and component failu-
re. Thanks to the excellent
support and the close,
trusting cooperation bet-
ween VW, Visteon and
EMS-GRIVORY, this appli-
cation was successfully realised using the
newly developed Grilon TSG-30/4 W2
material.
in the fuel ller ap module for the new
GOLF VII. The thermoplastic satises re-
quirements and selection criteria which
are almost identical to those for a metal
construction: precise dimensions, even
under uctuating temperatures, minimum
swelling following contact with fuel and
high levels of rigidity and strength. And
on top of all that, the quality of the sur-
face must also match the surface quality
of visible parts. Of course, as users we
want to see this component as little as
possible only when lling up with fuel.
But it is good to know that its the perfect
match.
Reinhard Hagen
Application Development Automotive
The turbo-charged air cooler developed by Visteon and EMS-GRIVORY for the VW Amarok.
and its suitability for the back injection
moulding of PC lms. Grilamid TR 90 UV
demonstrates its chameleon-like adapta-
bility to perfection here. Black in appea-
rance during the day, it changes to sig-
nal-red at night, thanks to the even light
transmission of Grilamid TR 90 UV, and
discreetly illuminates the door panel and
the central console. And that has genera-
ted a fantastic response: the innovative
component was honoured in 2012 with
the Grand Award of SPE Central Europe.
Michael Hoffmann
Application Development Automotive
Fuel ller lid for the new GOLF VII.
Wide range
Today, EMS-GRIVORY offers a full range
of heat-stabilised Grilon TSG-W2 grades
with a choice of glass bre reinforcement
of 30%, 35%, 50% or even 60%. In ad-
dition to a high level of resistance to ther-
mal ageing, these materials offer many
other benets, such as an outstanding
surface quality, easy processing, high
weld line strength and good dimensio-
nal stability. Grilon TSG-W2 is also ex-
ceptionally resistant to media commonly
used in the vehicle industry, such as oils,
coolants and fuels. It is therefore the per-
fect material for use in the engine com-
partment.
Uwe Becker
Key Account Manager Automotive
360 view ->
5 K-DEPESCHE 2013
Automotive
Decorative trim for the central console
T
he decorative trim for the BMW 6
series convertibles (F12) and coups
(F13) satises the most exacting de-
mands. Impact-resistant yet stiff, it shows
virtually no warpage, blends beautifully
into the cockpit and ensures an attrac-
tive design. If conventional glass-bre
reinforced materials had been used, the
decorative trim could only have been
produced after massive mould modica-
tions. Thanks to the excellent shrinkage
behaviour of Grivory GVX-5H, the war-
page-critical geometry of the decorative
trim did not pose a problem. This major
benet, combined with high dimensional
stability and consistent behaviour under
Attractive design!
Grilamid TR in the automotive engineering industry
Transparent high-performance polyamides with no weaknesses
T
hanks to their transparency, amor-
phous thermoplastics such as polycar-
bonate or PMMA are in widespread use
in the automotive engineering industry.
However, they exhibit certain weaknes-
ses in terms of their resistance to chemi-
cals and stress cracking.
With its special composition, transpa-
rent Grilamid TR uniquely combines the
properties of semi-crystalline polyamides
with those of amorphous thermoplastics.
Grilamid TR excellent resistance
to chemicals and stress cracking
This material offers a number of out-
standing properties, including excellent
resistance to both stress cracking and
chemicals.
With plastics such as polycarbonate
or PMMA, stress cracking is one of the
main causes of failure in many areas of
application. Seemingly innocuous sub-
stances, such as suncream or even the
sweat from your hands, can cause stress
cracks to form in these products. Deve-
lopment engineers in the automotive con-
struction industry are increasingly focus-
sing on tackling this problem. Thanks to
its unique combination of properties, Gri-
lamid TR is opening up more and more
application possibilities in this sector.
Continuous research and develop-
ment work at EMS-GRIVORY has been
a key factor in this success. Important
properties such as the surface hardness
and scratch resistance of Grilamid TR
products have been consistently further
developed. Today, Grilamid TR can be
used as an alternative to coated high-
Daimler fan hub made of
Grilamid TR XE 4139 black.
Polycarbonate (above) compared to Grilamid TR
(below) following contact with suncream.
different climatic conditions, was the key
to this products successful use in serial
production.
Harald Sauer
Key Account Manager Automotive
gloss components in interior applications.
Mixed with black colour pigments, the re-
sultant material is a deep black with a
glossy surface that looks almost identical
to the classic piano black nish and
since this is achieved without additional
coating, it also results in considerable
cost savings.
Christian Oetzel
Product Manager
Grivory GV / Grilamid TR
High Heat Polyamides
Constant performance at
elevated temperatures
Automotive manufacturers are focussing increasingly on smaller engine capacities but
with more powerful turbo-charging. This means that under-the-bonnet temperatures
and turbo-charged air pressures are constantly increasing. In order to satisfy these
application requirements, EMS-GRIVORY has developed a series of heat-stabilised,
high-performance polymers. These High Heat Polyamides stand out with excellent
resistance to heat-ageing, even at permanent working temperatures of up to 250C.
High Heat Polyamides from EMS-GRIVORY some like it hot.
Your innovative development partner
EMS-GRIVORY . Via Innovativa 1 . 7013 Domat/Ems . Switzerland
Tel. +41 81 632 78 88 . Fax +41 81 632 76 65
www.emsgrivory.com/K2013
Visit us at the K trade fair in Dsseldorf
16 to 23 October, Hall 6/E61
360 view ->
6 www.emsgrivory.com
Long bre reinforced polyamides
Innovative glass- bre rovings make attractive
combinations possible
U
sing newly developed glass-bre ro-
vings, an injection-moulding material
(Grivory GVL-6H HP) which breaks the
sonic barrier of 300 MPa (in tension
tests as per ISO 527) was developed for
the rst time without the use of carbon b-
res. The new bres have a special geo-
metry and, therefore, a different length to
thickness ratio both in 10 mm pellets
and in the injection-moulded parts.
Along with tensile strength at break
it was simultaneously possible to further
increase the values for elongation at
break, notched impact strength and fa-
tigue strength (Whler strength). The
high-performance products are available
with 50% and 60% long-bre reinforce-
Excellent mechanical properties and brilliant surface quality
Overview of the properties of Grivory GVL-5H natural,
Grivory GVL-6H natural and the new glass-bre roving
reinforced grades Grivory GVL-5H HP natural and
Grivory GVL-6H HP natural.
ment based on Grivory GV and Grilamid
TR. They are used in particular in compo-
nents which undergo rapid stressing and
which should show no embrittlement at
high deformation speeds.
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Tensile E-Modulus ISO 527 MPa dry 17500 17500 23500 22500
Stress at break ISO 527 MPa dry 290 270 315 290
Elongation at break ISO 527 % dry 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.1
Impact strength 23C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m
2
dry 115 105 125 115
Notched impact strength 23C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m
2
dry 40 35 45 40
Thermal properties
Melting point ISO 11357 C dry 260 260 260 260
Heat distortion temperature HDT/A ISO 75 A C dry 255 255 255 255
Heat distortion temperature HDT/C ISO 75 C C dry 220 220 230 225
General properties
Density ISO 1183 g/cm
3
dry 1.56 1.56 1.69 1.69
Flammability (UL 94), 1,6mm ISO 1210 Step dry HB HB HB HB
Water absorption ISO 62 % dry 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.5
Moisture absorption ISO 62 % dry 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2
Linear mould shrinkage longitudinal ISO 294 % dry 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.20
Long bre reinforced polyamides now also highly ame retardant
A
mong the latest developments in the
range of long bre reinforced poly-
amides from EMS-GRIVORY are ame
retardant grades based on Grivory GV
and Grilon TS. Surprisingly, it could be
seen very early in the development work
that the ame-retardant additives caused
only minimal changes to property values
in LFT polyamides and that the strength,
elongation capacity and notched impact
strength only showed slight changes.
It is also noticeable that highly com-
bustible aming tests as per UL-94 5VA
are passed without problem and that
glowing wire test values (GWIT) well
Flame retardant LFT polyamides without performance loss
Property comparisons of Grivory GVL-4H and Grivory GVL-5H with their corresponding ame retardant
grades Grivory GVL-4H V0 and Grivory GVL-5H V0.
above 800C are achieved so that use
of these products in unattended running
electrical appliances is possible at any
time. The heat distortion temperatures in-
creased by the LFT technology, the clearly
reduced creep and excellent dynamical
properties (notched impact strength, be-
haviour at very high deformation speeds
and penetration strength are completely
maintained for the LFT V-0/5VA pro-
ducts. The ame-retardant product gra-
des can generally be processed with the
same machine settings as the standard
materials, meaning that alternative use of
the two products is possible in the same
injection-moulding tool.
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Tensile E-modulus ISO 527 MPa tr 14500 14500 17500 17500
Stress at break ISO 527 MPa tr 230 200 260 235
Elongation at break ISO 527 % tr 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2
Impact strength 23C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m
2
tr 80 70 90 90
Notched impact strength 23C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m
2
tr 30 25 30 30
Thermal properties
Melting point ISO 11357 C tr 260 260 260 260
Heat distortion temperature HDT/A ISO 75 A C tr 250 250 255 255
Heat distortion temperature HDT/C ISO 75 C C tr 210 210 220 220
Electrical properties
Comparative tracking index IEC 60112 tr 600 600 600 600
Specic surface resistivity IEC 60093 tr 10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Glow wire ignition temp. GWIT 2mm IEC 60695-2-13 C tr 775 825 775 850
Glow wire ammability index GWFI 2mm IEC 60695-2-12 C tr 825 960 850 960
General properties
Density ISO 1183 g/cm
3
tr 1.47 1.52 1.56 1.59
Flammability (UL 94), 1.6mm ISO 1210 Step tr HB V0/5VA HB V0/5VA
Water absorption ISO 62 % tr 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.7
Moisture absorption ISO 62 % tr 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2
Linear mould shrinkage long. ISO 294 % tr 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10
Linear mould shrinkage trans. ISO 294 % tr 0.40 0.30 0.25 0.25
As with all ame-retardant products
from EMS-GRIVORY, the LFT grades
contain no halogen or red phosphorous
and satisfy all requirements of the RoHS
(restriction of hazardous substances) and
the WEEE (waste electrical and electro-
nic equipment) directives. In addition,
they are also available as electrostati-
cally conductive grades with and without
ame protection.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
The ligree bre structure also pro-
vides even better surface quality. This
allows the very attractive combination
of an exceptional mechanical property
prole with exceptional surface quality to
be achieved. Toughness can look really
good!
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
7 K-DEPESCHE 2013
Long bre reinforced polyamides
Local support from oriented endless bres
E
ven less well formed orientation of re-
inforcing bres in LFT products is not
able to provide optimum strengthening
everywhere in every component without
weld lines. Often, part geometry creates
obstacles which prevent efcient use of
ow agents. In addition, many compo-
nents are only subjected to high stresses
in certain areas decisive for material se-
lection, even though lower performance
would sufce in other areas.
Endless fibres increase maximum stress for weld lines
The demonstration component developed
together with the University of Applied
Sciences Rapperswil.
Using long bre reinforced polyami-
des EMS-GRIVORY has now developed
supporting bands reinforced with endless
bres in which all the bres are oriented
in exactly the same direction. The bres
are just as well impregnated as the pel-
lets and thus show a degree of efciency
which is equal to the theoretically maxi-
mum achievable property values. Natu-
rally, these bands are compatible to the
injection-moulding material used in each
case and are inserted into the
mould and overmoulded with
the component. During this pro-
cess the bands should be con-
sciously oriented in the direc-
tion of maximum internal stress
in the component and laid over
weld lines.
In cooperation with the Uni-
versity of Applied Sciences,
Rapperswil (Switzerland), tech-
nology to insert the bands was
developed and key component
values determined. To achieve
this, a demonstration component was
made which allowed tests to be carried
out at different points (optimal bre ori-
entation, low orientation near the gate,
blunt weld lines).
The results of these tests show that op-
timal bre orientation from a welded-on
band only causes a slight increase in
stress at break values, areas with weld
lines in the basic component, however,
can resist up to double the maximum
stress with only one single band (see dia-
gram 1). This means that with one single
band, the component bending strength
remains at one level, independent of the
Grilamid TRVL amorphous polyamide with
long bre reinforcement
A
s latest addition to the long b-
re reinforced product range,
EMS-GRIVORY has developed an amor-
phous polyamide with 50% long-bre re-
inforcement. Similar to the polyamide 12
grades, this product with the designation
Grilamid TRVL-50X HP, exhibits signi-
cantly improved mechanical key gures
compared to conventional compounds.
Even the E-modulus could be increased
to nearly 15,000 MPa which corres-
ponds to an improvement of 50%!
The product was conceived for com-
ponents with challenging surface quality
without sinkholes which also satisfy the
Successful combination
highest requirements on stiffness and dy-
namic energy absorption. Due to the very
low and very isotropic shrinkage, precisi-
on components can be manufactured very
economically.
With Grilamid TRVL-50X HP it was pos-
sible to successfully combine the low shrin-
kage and very low water absorption of
the amorphous polyamides with the low-
warpage interlinked long bre structure.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
Grilamid TRVL-50X9 HP
natural
Tensile E-Modulus ISO 527 MPa cond. 14.500
Stress at break ISO 527 MPa cond. 215
Elongation at break ISO 527 % cond. 2,3
Impact strength 23C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m cond. 90
Notched impact strength 23C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m cond. 35
Thermal properties
Melting point ISO 11357 C dry -
HDT/A ISO 75 A C dry 140
HDT/C ISO 75 C C dry 125
General properties
Density ISO 1183 g/cm dry 1,50
Flammability (UL 94), 1,6 mm ISO 1210 Step dry HB
Water absorption ISO 62 % dry 1,0
Moisture absorption ISO 62 % dry 0,3
Linear mould shrinkage longitudinal ISO 294 % dry 0,05
Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry 0,10
Long bres for optimum protection
L
ow weight, maximum functionality and
even higher impact resistance were the
prerequisites for the bionic knee protec-
tor "Fluid Tech Carbon Knee Brace" from
Alpinestars. This provides local support
for the knee cap and protection against
sharp stones in the case of a fall. This is
a great challenge for any stiff material.
Using Grilamid LCL-3H with its long car-
bon bre reinforcement, this hurdle was
overcome without problems. The bre
skeleton which forms inside the compo-
nent disperses stresses formed over a
max. volume and in doing so, avoids the
creation of stress peaks.
No stress peaks thanks to the fibre skeleton
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The knee brace, which only weighs
around 590 gram, has sophisticated
kinematics so that the component, made
up of two half-shells, can move like the
real knee joint. This is achieved through
a cog-wheel connection between the
two parts on two external hinges. The
mechanical stress on the cog-wheels can
be extremely high and make a material
with very high strength and high tensile
module necessary.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
basic structure. Further properties such
as creep, fatigue strength, alternating
strength and pulsating fatigue strength as
well as stiffness dependent on tempera-
ture are also further improved.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
360 view
Diagram 1: Comparison of maximum stress for a
component with endless bre reinforcement and
one without it.
5.000
4.500
4.000
3.500
3.000
2.500
2.000
1.500
1.000
500
0
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Weld line Sprue Optimal
With band Without band
8 www.emsgrivory.com
GRILON GRIVORY
FE 6312
TSXL-40/4 DB
black 9833
FE 6314
TSXL-50/4 DB
black 9833
XE 5103
GXL-40H DB
black 9915
FE 6341
GXL-40H DB V0
black 9915
FE 6305
GXL-45H DB
black 9915
FE 16108
GXL-50H DB
black 9915
Tensile E-Modulus
dry 14000 17500 22500 16500 24000 19500
cond. 10500 13500 20500 14500 21500 18500
Stress at break
dry 225 240 285 195 280 255
cond. 165 185 230 165 230 220
Elongation at break
dry 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8
cond. 2.4 2.4 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8
Impact strength 23C
dry 55 80 60 55 70 70
cond. 60 75 60 60 70 70
Notched impact strength 23C
dry 20 30 18 18 20 25
cond. 25 30 20 18 20 25
Melting temperature dry 260 260 260 260 260 260
HDT C 8 MPa dry 225 235 225 225 235 230
Volume Resistivity cond. < 10
8
< 10
7
< 10
3
< 10
8
< 10
3
< 10
8
Surface Resistivity cond. < 10
9
< 10
8
< 10
3
< 10
8
< 10
3
< 10
8
Density dry 1.45 1.53 1.40 1.48 1.41 1.55
Flammability 1,6 mm dry HB HB HB V0 HB HB
Electrostatically conductive with good
mechanical properties?
LFT polyamides Last minute solution?
P
lastic materials actually provide excel-
lent electrical and thermal insulation.
In some areas however, such as explo-
sion protection in mining, ventilation of
solvents or when applying powder coa-
tings, an electrostatic charging of the
plastic components is not allowed. In
applications like this the surface resistivity
must be smaller than 1 mega ohm. Solu-
tions previously available on the market
are unsatisfactory. Products containing
conductive carbon black are very britt-
le, those with steel bres have insufcient
mechanical strength and materials com-
bined with nano-tubes cause very high
manufacturing costs.
Within its LFT product range, EMS-
GRIVORY has developed a series of
materials which do not become brittle
despite being electrically conductive and
which are offered at very sensible prices.
The solution to the problem is in the use of
polyamides reinforced with hybrid bres
(glass and carbon bres). The structural
properties are provided by the long glass
bres and the electrical properties by the
long carbon bres. The mechanical pro-
perties, especially the strength, notched
impact strength and heat distortion tem-
perature suffer no negative inuence. The
products can be processed with conven-
tional machinery and moulds so that al-
ternative standard components or those
E
veryones been there: The injection-
moulding tool is ready, the compo-
nents for serial testing supplied - and then
the material requirements are suddenly
increased. The component is exposed
to higher temperatures than planned, the
stresses are higher and the required wor-
king life longer.
In many cases over the past years the
application development department of
EMS-GRIVORY were able to help avo-
id expensive and complex changes to
mould design being necessary. Higher
property values at the same temperatu-
res or the same property values at higher
temperatures: This is what characterises
LFT polyamides in comparison to stan-
LFT polyamides for explosive atmospheres
No unpleasant surprises thanks to long fibres
Electrostatically conductive LFT polyamides from EMS-GRIVORY.
At the same temperature,
property values of LFT poly-
amides are higher than those
of polyamides reinforced with
short bres.
Long bre reinforced grades
have the same mechanical
properties as short bre
polyamides but at higher
temperatures.
for use in explosive atmospheres can be
manufactured in one production series.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
dard products. Especially with highly-
reinforced compounds where a further
increase in bre reinforcement is not pos-
sible, the corresponding long bre rein-
forced grades can provide a last minute
solution.
The lines of the two graphs Compound
(GV-5H) and Long bres (GVL-5H) corres-
pond roughly to the effect of around 10%
higher bre reinforcement. This makes it
possible using long bre reinforced com-
ponents, to reduce the amount of bre
by 10% while still achieving the required
stiffness and strength even at higher
temperatures. In this way, lighter weight
components can be achieved an in-
creasingly important development goal,
especially in the eld of automotive con-
struction.
If their special properties are taken
into account at an early stage in the de-
velopment work, use of LFT polyamides
can also reduce the necessary compo-
nent volume (wall thickness, number and
size of ribs). Along with lower weight,
this also ensures quicker cycle times.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
20.000
18.000
16.000
14.000
12.000
10.000
8.000
6.000
4.000
2.000
0
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-50 0 50 100 150 200
Grivory GV-5H black Grivory GVL-5H black
Temperature [C]
At higher temperatures, long bres
improve stiffness values
+ 20 25%
LFT-EFFECT
Tensile tests ISO 527, 5mm/min. dry
20.000
18.000
16.000
14.000
12.000
10.000
8.000
6.000
4.000
2.000
0
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-50 0 50 100 150 200
Grivory GV-5H black Grivory GVL-5H black
Temperature [C]
Required property values are possible at
20 to 30C higher temperatures.
+ 20 30C
LFT-EFFECT
Tensile tests ISO 527, 5mm/min. dry
Long bre reinforced polyamides
9 K-DEPESCHE 2013
LFT polyamides for minimal weight
D
ue to its high-quality materials
and an ingenious design, the tou-
ring boot Spectre made by the Itali-
an company La Sportiva weighs only
1395 gram (3 lbs). This makes it the
lightest four-buckle touring boot ever.
Materials from EMS-GRIVORY, used in
the back shaft of the boot are a decisi-
ve factor. A long bre reinforced PA12
and a particularly tough Grilamid PA12
ensure very high stiffness and extremely
high notched impact strength. Thanks to
the long bre reinforcement, notched im-
Higher performance from the polymer
higher performance in sport!
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pact strength values are twice as high,
modulus of elasticity in tension values are
60% higher and strength values 70% hig-
her than for polyamide 12 grades with
short-bre reinforcement. This makes the
ski boot very stiff and, at the same time,
impact resistant. Minimal weight for ma-
ximum performance thanks to LFT.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
The black, back boot shaft is made of PA12 reinforced with long carbon bres and a particularly tough
Grilamid PA12.
Long bre reinforced polyamides make
extraordinary combinations possible
LFT polyamides:
Different product families; same advantages
C
omponents made of long bre re-
inforced polyamides exhibit a pro-
nounced interlinked bre structure. Along
with a signicant improvement of the
thermo-mechanical properties, a surpri-
sing effect on ame resistance can also
be seen which is innovative and allows
unusual combinations of different proper-
ties to be achieved.
At wall thicknesses from around
1.6 mm and a long glass bre content
of at least 40%, LFT products show a
glowing wire resistance value GWIT of
775C or more. This is a property re-
quirement for unattended use of electrical
appliances which up until now, has only
been possible to achieve with ame-re-
tardant modied products. Long bre re-
inforced polyamides need no ame-retar-
E
MS-GRIVORY has now increased the
assortment for long bre reinforced
polyamides to include ve product fami-
lies: Grivory HT, Grivory GV, Grilamid L,
Grilamid TR and Grilon TS are the basis
for polyamides reinforced with long glass
or carbon bres.
Surprisingly, the same property im-
provements are achieved Independent
of the basis polymer used. The thermo-
mechanical properties show a signicant
increase for all polyamides. In particular
at temperatures above the glass transition
point, the products behave as if they had
10 to 20% more bre reinforcement. At
the same time, notched impact strength
values or general dynamic energy ab-
sorption are increased two to threefold.
Creep is signicantly reduced for all long
Flame retardant and food approved? Long fibres for even higher performance
The glowing wire resistance of LFT polyamides increases with wall thickness and quantity of reinforcing bres. Principle diagram LFT effect
bre reinforced polyamides; the behavi-
our is more elastic and less plastic.
Even for the high-temperature polyami-
des Grivory HT, heat distortion tempera-
tures under high stress are increased by
a further 20 to 30C; and last but not
least, the products exhibit much higher
long-term strength values in exural ben-
ding tests. Front runner here is Grivory
GCL-4H reinforced with 40% long car-
bon bres, which shows values above
130 MPa after more than 10 million
load cycles.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
GWIT GWFI
Product 2mm 3mm 5mm 2mm 3mm 5mm
Grilon TSGL-40/4 FA black 800 800 800 925
Grilon TSGL-40/4 black 800 800 800 925
Grivory GVL-4H natural 825 825 930 960
Grivory GVL-5H natural 800 825 850 800 930 960
Grivory GVL-6H natural 800 850 800 960
dant modication to attain these values
which has a positive effect on mechani-
cal properties and costs. In addition, the
products can also be approved for use in
direct contact with food.
This is new and extraordinary! Com-
ponents which are in contact with food-
stuffs on one side and have electrical
connections mounted on the other side
can now be made of one single material.
Horst Heckel
Product Manager LFT
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Stiffness Stress at break
Light with long fibres
Long-fibre-reinforced polyamides
for sport and leisure
Protective equipment for sport and leisure has to meet increasingly tough demands. Poly-
amides with long carbon bres combine maximum stiffness and strength with exceptional
resistance to impacts. This combination in conjunction with a lower weight improves
performance and boosts enjoyment. Injection moulding can now reduce weight by well
over 30%, even in comparison with composite components.
Better performance from polymers better performance in sport.
Your innovative development partner
EMS-GRIVORY . Via Innovativa 1 . 7013 Domat/Ems . Switzerland
Tel. +41 81 632 78 88 . Fax +41 81 632 76 65
www.emsgrivory.com/K2013
Visit us at the K trade fair in Dsseldorf
16 to 23 October, Hall 6/E61
360 view
Long bre reinforced polyamides
10 www.emsgrivory.com
GreenLine
Transparent GreenLine bio-polyamide for pipes
N
on-modied PA610 and PA1010
polymers are too stiff and brittle
for the manufacture of pipes in pneuma-
tic applications and, therefore, need to
be made more exible and tougher by
addition of plasticisers and impact modi-
ers. As a rule, however, this leads to a
reduction of translucency and makes the
products practically intransparent and un-
suitable for pneumatic applications whe-
re good transparency is required.
EMS-GRIVORY has been successful
in overcoming this problem. Thanks to a
new technology, the latest, high-viscosity
bio-based extrusion grades Grilamid 1S
XE 4281 (PA1010) and Grilamid 2S XE
4282 (PA610) for exible, transparent
and impact resistant pneumatic pipes
possess an unequalled combination
of properties such as exibility, impact
strength and transparency. Along with
transparent pipes, these new products
can also be used to make coloured pipes
where the transparency of the basic ma-
terials allows intensive colours and glossy
surfaces to be achieved.
A clear view thanks to Grilamid 1S and Grilamid 2S
Both polymers belong to the range of
GreenLine (bio-based polymers) from
EMS-GRIVORY. They have a very high
amount of renewable raw materials and
are characterised by excellent resistance
to chemicals and heat.
These new products are now availab-
le world-wide.
Andr Sturzel
Product Manager Grilamid/GreenLine
Pipes made of the new bio-based
Grilamid 1S XE 4281 and Grilamid 2S XE 4282.
Expanding the Grilamid family
T
o full new needs in a targeted way,
EMS-GRIVORY has considerably ex-
panded the product range of long-chain
polyamides in the Grilamid L PA12 fa-
mily by adding the three new Grilamid
grades 1S PA1010, 2S PA610 and 2D
PA612 series. Applications for the new
materials range from exible media pipes
in automobiles to smartphone casings
made from high rigidity bio-polyamide.
Despite its outstanding properties,
Grilamid L Polyamide 12 (PA12) is not
the ideal material for certain applica-
tions. Increasing temperatures in auto-
mobiles whether for media pipes in
passenger car engine compartments or
compressed air pipes on HGVs lead to
requirements for which Grilamid L PA12
with a melting point of only 178C is no
longer adequate. Polyamide 12 is also
unable to satisfy the increasingly com-
mon request for organically based poly-
mers. This calls for new solutions.
In response to this trend,
EMS-GRIVORY has considerably expan-
ded the product range of products similar
to PA12. Whereas in the past, Grilamid
was still synonymous with polyamide
12, a wide spectrum of materials is now
available to customers in the shape of
the new long-chain polyamides Grilamid
* An organic content of up to 66% is technically
possible.
Read the complete
article on our
website.
L, D and S. Grilamid 1S PA1010 and
Grilamid 2S PA610 have a high to very
high organic content and are members of
EMS-GRIVORYs GreenLine product ran-
ge. An organic content of up to 66% is
also possible with Grilamid 2D PA612.
The melting point of all three polymers
is distinctly higher than that of Grilamid
L PA12.
Wide range of possible applications
Grilamid 1S PA1010, manufactured
entirely from renewable raw materials,
can be regarded as a direct organic
complement to PA 12. Highly glass b-
re reinforced, low-distortion Grilamid 1S
PA1010 types are increasingly success-
ful in the telecommunications segment
by virtue of their outstanding properties.
The Grilamid 1S product range compri-
ses unreinforced and reinforced injection
moulding types together with various
extrusion types and high-rigidity special
products for applications such as smart-
phones or tablets. Grilamid 2S PA610
and 2D PA612 are used in particularly
in automotive applications such as plug
connectors, fuel, coolant and hydraulic
pipes as well as components for SCR (Se-
lective Catalytic Reduction) systems.
Andr Sturzel
Product Manager Grilamid/GreenLine
Grilamid Polymer Melting point Organic
component
L PA12 178 C 0%
1S PA1010 200 C 99%
2S PA610 225 C 62%
2D PA612 215 C 0 - 66% *
From Grilamid L to Grilamid L, D & S The colourful side of GreenLine
Grilamid BTR: Every colour is green
T
he bio-based Grilamid BTR, a glass
clear high-performance polyamide
from the GreenLine product range of
EMS-GRIVORY, is excellently suited for
transparent applications. Its outstanding
resistance to chemicals, very good tough-
ness, scratch resistance and especially
low density characterise this amorphous
polyamide which is made on the basis of
castor oil derivatives.
The Italian fashion label Lara D ma-
kes use of these properties to make light-
weight, exible spectacles frames and
uses the bio-material Grilamid BTR for a
new series of particularly environmentally
compatible optic products.
In the optics segment Grilamid BTR sup-
plements the omnipresent Grilamid TR.
The polymers are very similar from a tech-
nical point of view and customers can
now produce products with an impro-
ved environmental compatibility without
loss of performance or quality. In addi-
tion, for intransparent optic products,
EMS-GRIVORY offers the completely bio-
based PA1010-Polymer Grilamid 1S.
One peculiarity of both Grilamid BTR
and Grilamid 1S is the excellent bonding
strength with allows interesting design va-
riants to be achieved using two-compo-
nent injecting moulding.
Andr Sturzel
Product Manager Grilamid/GreenLine
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360 view
11 K-DEPESCHE 2013
Metal replacement
The dizzy heights of metal replacement
Replacement of brass in sanitary fittings
Grivory GV cuts down on weight
High-performance polyamides for unpolluted drinking water
S
ituated at 1,640 metres above sea
level, the worlds rst solar-powered
ski lift can be found at Tenna in the Sa-
ental region of Switzerland, near the
Domat/Ems production site. The solar
modules are mounted on mobile transver-
se axles, while a centrally driven pulling
cable connects the solar wings with one
another and ensures that they are positi-
oned at an optimal angle to the sun.
In order to achieve both cost and
weight savings, the transverse axles are
mounted on connectors made of Grivory
GV. Using Grivory GV instead of die-
cast metal means that each component
weighs six kilograms less, which repre-
sents a weight saving of around one ton-
ne for the entire system.
Tobias Znd
Area Sales Manager, Switzerland
S
anitary ttings are traditionally made
of brass. In order to make this metal
alloy easier to process, lead is added
to it. The lead contained in the brass
however, causes measurable polluting
of drinking water. The European Union
drinking water guideline 98/83/EC
stipulates that from December 2013 the
lead content in drinking water may not
exceed 0.01 mg/l (previously the limit
was 0.025 mg/l). This means that less
lead may be added to the brass making
its processing more difcult and more ex-
pensive.
High-performance polyamides made
by EMS-GRIVORY, such as Grivory HT,
The connector: the metal solution (rear) and the
weight-optimised component made of Grivory GV
(front).
EMS-GRIVORY supplies high-performance polyamides for components in direct contact with drinking water.
The connector is attached to the support cable.
The lower pulling cable is used to adjust the
angle.
Grivory GV or Grilamid LV/LBV with the
FWA classication, can replace brass
in sanitary ttings. These materials are
approved for use in direct contact with
drinking water and foodstuffs. They are
less expensive both to process and to
purchase as the material price is cons-
tant compared to the very volatile price
for brass. These high-performance poly-
amides exhibit convincing resistance to
corrosion, chemicals and hydrolysis and
are simple to process. The lower mecha-
nical properties of the polyamides can
be compensated without problem using
adapted designs (ribs and higher wall
thicknesses).
Grilamid LVX ensures safe diving
L
ightweight, robust and reliable: the
Mares Matrix dive computer is setting
new standards, both above and below
water. The thermoplastic housing made
of Grilamid LVX and the metal battery
compartment cover provide the sturdiness
required, while the display is easy to
read and the dive computer is watertight
to a depth of 150 metres. The decision
to opt for Grilamid LVX was based on its
UV and salt water resistance, its dimensi-
onal stability (circularity of 0.02 mm),
its burst pressure of 50 bar and its suita-
bility for watertight TPE extrusion coating.
All components were developed comple-
tely by Mares.
Francesco Martina
Technical Project Manager
A watertight argument
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EMS-GRIVORY supplies not only the
raw materials, but also supports its cus-
tomers in component design, testing
and processing. An example of this is
the German company Ideal Standard,
which manufactures high-quality tap
systems. EMS-GRIVORY advises and
accompanies Ideal Standard worldwi-
de in production and as a strong de-
velopment partner, providing valuable
know-how for new projects. In this way,
innovative sanitary ttings of highest
quality are created!
Curzio Scheurer
Key Account Manager
Industry & Electro
12 www.emsgrivory.com
Optimisation / Simulation
Improved strength thanks to weld line optimisation
W
ho likes talking about their weak-
nesses? We dont any more than
you do! And yet it is often our weak
points that offer the greatest potential for
optimisation which is precisely why we
should talk about them.
What is the issue here? To achieve
maximum strength and stiffness, high-
performance plastics are reinforced with
short bres (e.g. glass bres) making the
resulting products compounds of bres
and polymers. If the melt ows without
hindrance in a component, the bres act
as a form of reinforcement in the direc-
tion of stress and the stress is transmitted
along the bres throughout the polymer.
However, if the melt ow is split due
to obstacles, differences in wall thick-
ness or different ow paths and then re-
converges, weld lines are formed. The
orientation of the bres is interrupted
near these weld lines to such an extent
that the bres cannot be expected to
provide any reinforcement beyond the
area of the weld line. The weld line
strength only reaches a fraction of the
strength exhibited in an area of unim-
peded ow. This is not good news. An
experienced plastics engineer will be all
too familiar with this problem and will
often have had bad experience with it.
It all depends on the correct orientation!
Housing made using the gating system cascade process, Grivory HTV-5H1 in
black and natural: cross-section through the ushed weld lines. Fibre orientation in the vicinity of a weld line.
Optimised processing improves
weld line strength
If a clever processing process is used
to orientate the bres in the weld line
area in a way that enables them to re-
sume their intended reinforcement func-
tion, the weld line strength often increa-
ses by more than 100 percent!
EMS-GRIVORY has been working in-
tensively on this issue in recent years.
Today we are able to offer our custo-
mers a special gating system cascade
process, which enables the melt ows to
be specically manipulated during the
lling and holding pressure phase and a
benecial orientation of the bres to be
Reducing development times improving simulation quality
T
he development times for plastic com-
ponents are becoming ever shorter. As
a result, simulations should be used whe-
rever possible instead of time-consuming
prototype tests. In order to achieve high-
quality simulation, the properties of the
material must be described as precisely
as possible. EMS-GRIVORY provides
customers with plenty of material data,
as well as support in selecting material
models. If it is not metrologically possib-
le to record the material data required,
material simulations can be used to as-
sess material-specic behaviour and to
supplement the measurement values. Test
pieces which have been developed in-
house are available for validating ma-
terial models. These make it possible
to measure the behaviour of the plastic
under a wide range of loads and then
compare it with the simulation.
EMS-GRIVORY has already made a
great deal of progress in this eld and
this is spurring us on to invest further in
material simulation. Our aim is make
constant improvements to the virtual re-
presentation of reality, thereby reducing
costly component testing to a minimum.
Ralf Beck
Computer Assisted Technical Service
EMS-GRIVORY is forging ahead with material simulation
Test pieces: two real ones and one virtual one.
achieved. This does not mean that we
no longer have to talk about weld lines
at EMS-GRIVORY nothing could be
further from the truth! In fact, secure in
the knowledge that we can offer a good
solution to a serious problem, we would
go so far as to say that we actively en-
joy discussing this issue with you.
Thomas Jeltsch
Head of Computer Assisted
Technical Service
Fibre orientation
parallel to the
weld line
Mechanical indenta-
tions on the surfaces
13 K-DEPESCHE 2013
Optimisation / Simulation
Optimising components through virtual prototyping
C
onnectors for transmission oil coo-
ling lines are exposed to particularly
high continuous temperature and internal
threshold pressures. Friction welding is
used to connect two uid lines to the con-
nector for the forward and return ow.
As well as the demands of withstanding
high levels of stress, the connectors must
be designed in such a way that they are
safe and easy to install. It must be pos-
sible to attach them with just one sing-
le screw and they also need to offer a
Cost-effective, adaptable and optimised for the
installation space
A shining example of integrative simulation
A
nybody who is involved in the de-
sign of plastic components, studies
the relevant literature and attends specia-
list conferences will encounter the catch-
phrase integrative simulation more and
more frequently. What lies behind it?
And what benets does it offer for the
user?
Modern-day design takes place in a
virtual world. The life of a new compo-
nent starts with digital ovulation. Even
before the birth of the component i.e.
the materialisation of our ideas the con-
struction of injection moulding tools and
the production of prototypes, numerous
simulations are performed in order to test
the components suitability and optimise
it. The meaning of simulation is there-
fore quite clear, but the meaning of the
adjective integrative in this context is
perhaps less so.
There can be no doubt that it up-
grades the simulation: the connotations
of the word integrative are overwhel-
mingly positive. It conveys the notion that
what we are talking about is the high-end
version of simulation the XXL label, so
to speak. With integrative simulation, the
results from the injection moulding simu-
lation are used in practice as input valu-
es to simulate component behaviour. In
some cases, a more complex integrative
analysis leads to more accurate asser-
tions. On the other hand, however, stress
and strain analysis is made much more
difcult. The direct relationship between
geometry and ux is lost due to anisotro-
pic, locally heterogenic component stiff-
ness levels. It is more difcult to optimise
the geometry. In any event, the work in-
volved in a single integrative calculation
loop is much greater than in the case of
a non-integrative procedure.
The choice of
simulation strate-
gy is an optimisation
problem
As you will no doubt have
noticed, the computation
engineers have created their
own optimisation problem. In
addition to component optimisa-
tion which is, of course, what its
all about there is the issue of how
complex a simulation needs to be in
order to achieve maximum optimisation
potential with minimum effort and outlay.
When providing Waldmann with
component development support, the sta-
tic long-term behaviour was optimised for
an LED magnifying lamp by performing
a multitude of relatively simple linear-
elastic load simulations. The lling and
warpage behaviour was then optimised
using Moldow simulations. In these si-
mulations, the stress results of the load
simulations are used to analyse various
lling variants.
The expertise and commitment of
our staff can certainly be described as
integrative. This applies to all aspects
Waldmann magnifying lamp
The Waldmann TEVISIO LED magnifying lamp.
The connector system developed by EMS-GRIVORY and ContiTech, optimised using virtual prototyping (front
right) compared to the old component (rear left).
wide angle of rotation so that the feed
lines can be connected in various arran-
gements.
Through use of virtual prototyping,
EMS-GRIVORY and ContiTech have de-
veloped a connector system which is op-
timised for the installation space. Finite
element methods and Moldow analy-
ses were also used in the development
process. The system stands out not only
thanks to its modular design, but also
due to its cost-effectiveness and adapta-
bility. The optimised connectors passed
the stringent component tests with ying
colours and the wide 120 degree angle
of rotation has also proved particularly
benecial for installation purposes.
Ming Jiann Cheung
Computer Assisted
Technical Service
An award-winning design made possible by Grivory GVX
T
he high-tech GANYMED walking aid
combines elegant and graceful design
with high dynamic and static strength.
Knowledge of bionics was incorporated
into the design process for the walking
aid, i.e. the bionic construction was
based on the examples found in nature.
Specic structures and
reinforcement elements
(ribs) were placed
in the exact spots
where stress peaks
occur. EMS-GRIVORY
used a simulation process to
calculate the stress prole
in advance.
A super lightweight aid that can support a heavyweight.
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The design and construction of this ext-
remely lightweight and yet highly robust
component were only feasible thanks to
the use of Grivory GVX-65 H. This excep-
tional material combines a whole range
of properties: excellent stiffness and trans-
verse strength, isotropic behaviour (very
low levels of warping) and excellent ow
properties. It is this special combination
that made it possible to create the deli-
cate yet strong GANYMED walking aid.
The success of this symbiotic interaction
between design and material is also de-
monstrated by the various prizes awar-
ded to GANYMED: iF Design Award
(Gold), German Design Award (Gold),
Red Dot Design Award Winner 2013.
Helmut F. Caska
Key Account Manager Industry & Electro
and areas, from our dealers and expert
customer care in sales to our selection
of materials, communication of innova-
tive ideas, application technology with
component and injection moulding simu-
lation, response to application-specic
questions and, last but not least, our
technical customer service department,
which looks after sampling and answers
all your questions, whether big or small.
Our goal is always the same: to be the-
re for you as an integrative and expert
development partner, regardless of how
complex your problem might be.
Thomas Jeltsch
Head of Computer Assisted Technical
Service
14 www.emsgrivory.com
Grivory HT3 in railway applications
Excellent ame protection thanks to Grilon TS
G
rivory HT3-V0 is excellently sui-
ted for rail transport applications.
Grivory HT3 belongs to the GreenLine
product assortment of EMS-GRIVORY
and is made to a great extent of rene-
wable raw materials. This PPA (PA10T/X)
which is simple to process, has low mois-
ture absorption and excellent solderabi-
lity using Reow processes. In addition
it has very good electrical properties,
contains no halogen or red phosphorous
and exhibits low toxicity from smoke or
gas products when burnt, which is very
important in the rail transport sector. For
this reason, Grivory HT3-V0 is used by
the German company Inneon for the
W
ithin the Grilon TS family, EMS-
GRIVORY offers a series of ame-
protected polyamides which are free of
halogen and red phosphorous. All these
materials satisfy the currently valid guide-
lines governing electrical and electronic
appliances (WEEE and RoHS standards).
Thanks to their excellent mechanical pro-
perties, these materials are predestined
for applications in the electrical and elec-
tronic industry.
As the ame protection of Grilon TS
contains neither halogen nor red phos-
phorous, the material can be coloured as
required and is also available in light co-
lours. Laser printability, of increasing im-
portance in the electrical industry, is also
ensured. A good contrast can already be
achieved with the basic colour (black). In
addition, the material has an UL f1 listing
On track to success!
Predestined for use in the electrical industry
IGBT module made by Inneon.
Flame retardant polyamides of the Grilon TS family provide ame protection conforming to WEEE and RoHS
standards without halogens or red phosphorus.
All for the benet of cows welfare
R
obust, multifunctional measuring de-
vices attached to cows collars are
a good way of monitoring their health
and breeding. The devices are equipped
with movement and rumination sensors,
and they measure temperature as well as
the duration and rhythm of rumination.
The stored data can be used to monitor
the animals health, feeding and welfare.
The housing for the device must be able
to withstand all kinds of weather without
becoming brittle and functional reliability
must be guaranteed at all times. Grilamid
TR 90 UV not only satises these condi-
tions, but also meets all other customer
requirements.
Beat Sigrist
Distribution Manager
Hows Daisy today?
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Electro / Electronics
housing of a component called an insu-
lated-gate bipolar transistor or IGBT - a
modern power semiconductor, especially
quick and highly efcient, used in elec-
tric cars or railway locomotives. Grivo-
ry HT3-V0 provides the required creep
tracking index (CTI) of 600 Volt and sa-
tises the French rail transport standard
NF-F 16-101 as well as the harmonised
European rail transport standard CEN TS
45545-2.
Klaus-Jrgen Steffner
Application Development Electro &
Electronics
for use in exterior applications under si-
multaneous inuence of UV and water as
well as UL 94 5VA listing from 0.8 mm.
Together with the Grilon grade
TSG-30/4 V0, EMS-GRIVORY also of-
fers an easily owing grade for compo-
nents with thin wall strengths or complex
designs. This product is characterised by
rst-class electrical properties (e.g. CTI:
600 V) and high ame resistance (am-
mability class UL 94 V-0 at 0.35 mm for
all colours) as well as a glowing wire
(GWIT) value of 775C. In this way, the
material satises the house-hold and simi-
lar electrical appliances safety standard
(IEC 60335) for unattended use.
Torsten Mehler
Product Manager Grilon
<- 360 view
15 K-DEPESCHE 2013
EMS-GRIVORY combines function & design
P
ortable electronic devices are conti-
nuously becoming larger and thinner.
At the same time, individual components
need to full an increasing number of
tasks. This means that higher demands
are made not only on the mechanical
properties of these increasingly delicate
components.
In the past, there was generally a
strict division between structural com-
ponents with glass bres llers and the
unreinforced design components; the
sole function of the structural components
being to make the product more robust.
NCVM coating for top-quality surfaces
NCVM coating on Grilamid TRV.
Antenna structure using the LDS process
Good reception thanks to Grilamid 1SBVX LDS
Grilamid 1SBVX LDS
a smart polyamide for smartphone antennae
A
smartphone contains many integral
functions, such as Internet, Bluetooth
and GPS all packed into a very con-
ned space. This lack of space poses a
problem for designers, even just in terms
of the high number of antennae which
need to be installed. Both the technolo-
gies and the materials used need to be
smarter and offer a higher level of per-
formance compared to earlier mobile
phones.
EMS-GRIVORY has come up with a
solution in the form of its glass bre re-
inforced Grilamid 1SBVX LDS antenna
materials, which are already in series
production. Using the LDS (Laser Direct
Structuring) process patented by LPKF
Laser & Electronics GmbH, the antenna
structure is lasered directly onto a struc-
tural or housing component made of
Grilamid 1SBVX and is then metallised.
Previous LDS compatible materials were
either too brittle or too exible. Conse-
quently, without the addition of other
structural components, they were unable
to provide sufcient protection in daily
use for sensitive electronic elements or
glass displays.
The torsion and impact-resistant
Grilamid 1SBVX LDS is stable and, as a
decorative housing or frame component,
can support several antennae at once.
The lower number of parts also reduces
space and costs. Despite the 30 or 50
per cent glass bre content, the material
ows well, shows low distortion values,
low moisture absorption and good anten-
na properties, and it is also bio-based. It
is currently available in black with colou-
red versions being tested.
Sabine Bertram
Key Account Manager Telecom
Communication / Mobile
Nowadays, however, these components
not only have structural properties, but
they also provide highest surface quality.
Special materials from the Grivory GV
& Grilamid TRV product ranges offer a
smooth, even surface that is free from sink
marks and has extremely low distortion
values, even in the case of the strongest
grades. As a result, a high gloss coa-
ting or surface metallisation by means
of NCVM coating (Non Conductive Va-
pour Metallisation) is possible.
Daniel Hamburger
Application Development Telecom
Enhanced safety thanks to Grilamid
T
rafc lane marking devices make the
road layout clearer for drivers and
help to improve safety. The light source
(LED) and electronics of the lane marking
devices are protected by a cover which
is made of Grilamid L and Grilamid TR.
Thanks to the compatibility of these two
Grilamid products, they can be com-
bined to form an excellent bond and
protect the electronics from moisture. The
constant impact of sunlight, rain, snow
and the associated temperature uctua-
tions make enormous demands on the
materials. The cover also needs to provi-
de good resistance to chemicals, such as
salt water. Our polyamides satisfy all the-
se requirements, thus enabling LED lights
to be used in this wide application eld.
Tobias Znd
Area Sales Manager, Switzerland
Grilamid in traffic
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welcome
From the idea to serial production
bienvenidos
bienvenue
Metal replacement
willkommen
High Heat Polyamides
Grilamid L, D & S
GreenLine
Grivory HT
Long fibre reinforced polyamides
Grilon TSG
Grivory GV
benvenuto
Grilamid TR
EMS stand party
Hall 6 / E61
Thursday, October 17, 2013, 18 21 hrs
with Joe Whitneys cult band and
the Cocktail Divas
16 www.emsgrivory.com
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EMS-GRIVORY worldwide
www.emsgrivory.com
EMS-GRIVORY - The leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides
EMS-GRIVORY is the leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides and the supplier with the widest range of polyamide materials. Our products are well-known throughout
the world under the trademarks Grilamid, Grivory and Grilon.
We offer our customers a comprehensive package of high-capacity and high-quality products along with segment-specic advisory competence in distribution and application deve-
lopment. We maintain our market leadership through continual product and application development in all segments.
EMS-GRIVORY Europe
Switzerland
EMS-CHEMIE AG
Business Unit EMS-GRIVORY Europe
Via Innovativa 1
7013 Domat/Ems
Switzerland
Phone +41 81 632 78 88
Fax +41 81 632 76 65
welcome@emsgrivory.com
Germany
EMS-CHEMIE (Deutschland) GmbH
Warthweg 14
64823 Gross-Umstadt
Deutschland
Phone +49 6078 783 0
Fax +49 6078 783 416
welcome@de.emsgrivory.com
France
EMS-CHEMIE (France) S.A.
73-77, Rue de Svres
Bote postale 52
92105 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex
France
Phone +33 1 41 10 06 10
Fax +33 1 48 25 56 07
welcome@fr.emsgrivory.com
Great Britain
EMS-CHEMIE (UK) Ltd.
Darn House, Priestly Court
Staffordshire Technology Park
Stafford ST18 0AR
Great Britain
Phone +44 1785 283 739
Fax +44 1785 283 722
welcome@uk.emsgrivory.com
Italy
EMS-CHEMIE (Italia) S.r.l.
Viale Innocenzo XI n. 77
22100 Como (CO)
Italia
Phone +41 81 632 75 25
Fax +41 81 632 74 54
welcome@it.emsgrivory.com
EMS-GRIVORY Asia
China
EMS-CHEMIE (China) Ltd.
227 Songbei Road
Suzhou Industrial Park
Suzhou City 215126
Jiangsu Province
P.R. China
Phone +86 512 8666 8180
Fax +86 512 8666 8210
welcome@cn.emsgrivory.com
EMS-CHEMIE (Suzhou) Ltd.
227 Songbei Road
Suzhou Industrial Park
Suzhou City 215126
Jiangsu Province
P.R. China
Phone +86 512 8666 8181
Fax +86 512 8666 8183
welcome@cn.emsgrivory.com
Taiwan
EMS-CHEMIE (Taiwan) Ltd.
36, Kwang Fu South Road
Hsin Chu Industrial Park
Fu Kou Hsiang
Hsin Chu Hsien 30351
Taiwan, R.O.C.
Phone +886 3 598 5335
Fax +886 3 598 5345
welcome@tw.emsgrivory.com
Korea
EMS-CHEMIE (Korea) Ltd.
#817, Seo-Gwan,
Doosan Venturedigm,
126-1, Pyeongchon-dong,
Dongan-gu, Anyang-si,
Gyeonggi-do, 431-070
Republic of Korea
Phone +82 31 478 3159
Fax +82 31 478 3157
welcome@kr.emsgrivory.com
Japan
EMS-CHEMIE (Japan) Ltd.
EMS Building
2-11-20 Higashi-koujiya
Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0033
Japan
Phone +81 3 5735 0611
Fax +81 3 5735 0614
welcome@jp.emsgrivory.com
EMS-GRIVORY America
United States of America
EMS-CHEMIE (North America) Inc.
2060 Corporate Way
P.O. Box 1717
Sumter, SC 29151
USA
Phone +1 803 481 61 71
Fax +1 803 481 61 21
welcome@us.emsgrivory.com
Fill out the coupon or attach a business card and
drop it into the collection box at the EMS-GRIVORY
stand (hall 6 / E61).
EMS-GRIVORY
a business unit of the EMS Group
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