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Compassion
Empathy
Helping and coping behaviours
Stress alleviating measures
Touching (hand and body contact)
Nurturance
Succourance
Protective, restorative and stimulative
behaviours
Health maintenance
Instruction
Consultation
Source: Leininger (1978)
Table 2. Leiningers comfort
measures
ROLE OF THE NURSE: INTRODUCING THEORIES AND CONCEPTS
sharing. It is important therefore that
nurses continue to advocate and
champion the cause of nursing as quality
in living well and dying free from stress
and pain.
Nursing is complex and difficult to
describe, but it is an exciting profession
which is rich in theory and practice. As nurs-
es we must continue to build and expand the
ideas and concepts that underpin what we are
and what we do.
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KEY POINTS
I Nursing models provide a vast array of information in relation to
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I Developing a single general description of nursing is not possible
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I The nursing process is common to most models as the system for
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I There is a need for nurses to promote and develop these core values
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