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AP Chemistry: Stoichiometry
Multiple Choice
(You may use a calculator.)
44. What number o moles o !" is nee#e# to pro#uce $4." %rams o P4!$& rom P' (Molar Mass P4!$& ( ")4)
(A) &.&*&& mole (+) &.&,"* mole (C) &.$"* mole (-) &."*& mole (.) &.*&& mole
/0. A "/.&1%ram sample o an un2no3n hy#rocarbon 3as burne# in e4cess o4y%en to orm )).& %rams o
carbon #io4i#e an# "/.& %rams o 3ater. What is a possible molecular ormula o the hy#rocarbon'
(A) C54 (+) C"5" (C) C450 (-) C45, (.) C45$&
"0. 5o3 many %rams o calcium nitrate6 Ca(N!0)"6 contains "4 %rams o o4y%en atoms'
(A) $,4 %rams (+) 7, %rams (C) ," %rams (-) *&. %rams (.) 4$ %rams
"*. 8he simplest ormula or an o4i#e o nitro%en that is 0,.) percent nitro%en by 3ei%ht is9
(A) N"! (+) N! (C) N!" (-) N"!0 (.) N"!*
07. When a hy#rate o Na"C!0 is heate# until all the 3ater is remo:e#6 it loses *4.0 percent o its mass. 8he
ormula o the hy#rate is9
(A) Na"C!0
.
$& 5"! (+) Na"C!0
.
/ 5"! (C) Na"C!0
.
* 5"! (-) Na"C!0
.
0 5"! (.) Na"C!0
.
5"!
$7. ;n 3hich o the ollo3in% compoun#s is the mass ratio o chromium to o4y%en closest to $., to $.&'
(A) Cr!0 (+) Cr!" (C) Cr! (-) Cr"! (.) Cr"!0
/". Ater completin% an e4periment to #etermine %ra:imetrically the percenta%e o 3ater in a hy#rate6 a
stu#ent reporte# a :alue o 0) percent. 8he correct :alue or the percenta%e o 3ater in the hy#rate is *$
percent. Which o the ollo3in% is the most li2ely e4planation or this #ierence'
A) Stron% initial heatin% cause# some o the hy#rate sample to spatter out o the crucible.
+) 8he #ehy#rate# sample absorbe# moisture ater heatin%.
C) 8he amount o the hy#rate sample use# 3as too small.
-) 8he crucible 3as not heate# to constant mass beore use.
.) .4cess heatin% cause# the #ehy#rate# sample to #ecompose.
4*. 8he al2enes are compoun#s o carbon an# hy#ro%en 3ith the %eneral ormula Cn5"n. ; &.*,$ %ram o any
al2ene is burne# in e4cess o4y%en6 3hat number o moles o 5"! is orme#'
(A) &.&4&& mole (+) &.&,&& mole (C) &.&)&& mole (-) &.4&& mole (.) &.)&& mole
0/. __ C50C5"C!!5(l) < __ !"(%) __ C!"(%) < __ 5"!(l)
5o3 many moles o !" are re=uire# to o4i#i>e $ mole o C50C5"C!!5 accor#in% to the reaction represente#
abo:e'
(A) " moles (+) *?" moles (C) 0 moles (-) /?" moles (.) 7?" moles
,/. +r!0
@
< * +r
@
< , 5
<
0 +r" < 0 5"!
; "*.& milliliters o &."&&1molar +r!0
@
is mi4e# 3ith 0&.& milliliters o &.4*&1molar +r
@
solution that contains
a lar%e e4cess o 5
<
6 the amount o +r" orme#6 accor#in% to the e=uation abo:e6 is9
(A) *.&& 4 $&
@0
mole (+) ).$& 4 $&
@0
mole (C) $.0* 4 $&
@"
mole
(-) $.*& 4 $&
@"
mole (.) $.," 4 $&
@"
mole
*,. ;t is su%%este# that S!" (molar mass ,4 %rams)6 3hich contributes to aci# rain6 coul# be remo:e# rom a
stream o 3aste %as by bubblin% the %as throu%h &."*1molar A!56 thereby pro#ucin% A"S!0. What is the
ma4imum mass o S!" that coul# be remo:e# by $6&&& liters o the A!5 solution'
(A) 4.& 2% (+) ).& 2% (C) $, 2% (-) "&. 2% (.) 4&. 2%
*7. When a $."*1%ram sample o limestone 3as #issol:e# in aci#6 &.44 %ram o C!" 3as %enerate#. ; the roc2
containe# no carbonate other than CaC!06 3hat 3as the percent o CaC!0 by mass in the limestone'
(A) 0*B (+) 44B (C) ,/B (-) )&B (.) $&&B
",. . . .C$&5$"!4S(s) < . . !"(%) . . . C!"(%) < . . . S!"(%) < . . . 5"!(%)
When the e=uation abo:e is balance# an# all coeicients are re#uce# to their lo3est 3hole1number terms6 the
coeicient or !"(%) is9
(A) , (+) / (C) $" (-) $4 (.) ")
**. $& 5; < " AMn!4 < 0 5"S!4 * ;" < " MnS!4 < A"S!4 < ) 5"!
Accor#in% to the balance# e=uation abo:e6 ho3 many moles o 5; 3oul# be necessary to pro#uce ".* mol o
;"6 startin% 3ith 4.& mol o AMn!4 an# 0.& mol o 5"S!4'
A) "& +) $& C) ).& -) *.& .) ".*
"4. A compoun# contains $.$& mol o A6 &.** mol o 8e6 an# $.,* mol o !. What is the simplest ormula o
this compoun#'
(A) A8e!
(+) A8e"!
(C) A"8e!0
(-) A"8e!,
(.) A48e!,
0$. CS"(l) < 0 !"(%) C C!"(%) < " S!"(%)
What :olume o !"(%) is re=uire# to react 3ith e4cess CS"(l) to pro#uce 4.& D o C!"(%)' (Assume all %ases are
measure# at &EC an# $ atm.)
(A) $" D
(+) "".0 D
(C) $?0 4 "".4 D
(-) " 4 "".4 D
(.) 0 4 "".4 D
*". Propane %as6 C05)6 burns in e4cess o4y%en %as. When the e=uation or this reaction is correctly balance#
an# all coeicients are re#uce# to their lo3est 3hole1number terms6 the coeicient or !" is9
(A) 4 (+) * (C) / (-) $& (.) ""
*). " N"54(%) < N"!4(%) 0N"(%) < 4 5"!(%)
When ).& % o N"54 (0" % mol
1$
) an# 7" % o N"!4 (7" % mol
1$
) are mi4e# to%ether an# react accor#in% to the
e=uation abo:e6 3hat is the ma4imum mass o 5"! that can be pro#uce#'
(A) 7.& % (+) $) % (C) 0, % (-) /" % (.) $44 %
,&. " 5"!(l) < 4 Mn!4
@
(a=) < 0 Cl!"
@
(a=) 4 Mn!"(s) < 0 Cl!4
@
(a=) < 4 !5
@
(a=)
Accor#in% to the balance# e=uation abo:e6 ho3 many moles o Cl!"
@
(a=) are nee#e# to react completely 3ith
"&. mD o &."& M AMn!4 solution'
(A) &.&&0& mol (+) &.&&*0 mol (C) &.&&/* mol (-) &.&$0 mol (.) &.&0& mol