EXERCISES

(1) The number 739ABC is divisible by 7, 8 and

9. What values can A, B, C take?
(2) Show that 1037
37
23
23
.
(3) n is a three digit number. 7n 6, 8n 7
and 9n 8. Find n.
(4) Prove that 132
70
+ 3
70
.
(5) Show that 6n(2n + 1)(7n + 1), n .
(6) Prove that 12n
4
n
2
if n .
(7) Prove that the difference of the squares of two
odd numbers is divisible by 8.
(8) Show that 12011
10
1.
(9) Prove that 52
4n + 1
+ 3 if n .
(10) Prove that 120n
5
5n
3
+ 4n if n .
(11) Prove that 64n
4
18n
2
+ 17 if n is odd and
bigger than 3.
(12) Prove that 24(n
2
+ 3n + 1)
2
1 if n .
(13) Show that 48k
3
4k if k is even.
(14) Prove that 73
2n + 1
+ 2
n + 2
if n .
(15) Prove that 113
2n + 2
+ 2
6n + 1
if n .
(16) Show that 227
2n + 1
+ 15
2n + 1
if n .
(17) Prove that 335
2n + 1
+ 11
2n + 1
+ 17
2n + 1
, n .
(18) Prove that 101 + 8
k
3
k
6
k
, k .
(19) Prove that for any k :
19461492
k
1770
k
1863
k
+ 2141
k
.
(20) Prove that 92
2n
+15n l, n .
(21) Prove that 72222
5555
+ 5555
2222
.
(22) Prove that 7n
7
n, n .
(23) Prove that 24n
3
+ 23n if n is odd.
(24) Prove that 732
3n + 6
+ 3
4n + 2
, n .
(25) Show that 132
60
+7
30
.
(26) Show that 215
2n + 1
+ 4
n + 2
, n .
(27) Show that 134
2n + 1
+ 3
n + 2
, n .
(28) Show that 577
n + 2
+ 7
n + 1
+ 7
n
, n .
(29) Show that 19861985
1985
+ 1988 1987
1987
.
(30) Prove that 3n
2
+ 2n + l is not divisible by 5 if
n .
(31) Show that 1
n
+ 2
n
+ + 8
n
is not divisible by
5 if n .
(32) Show that 3
n
+ l is not divisible by 8, n .
(33) Show that
1 2 +
n
m m ends in 0 if n, m , and
n >1.
(34) Prove that 19
2 6
2
2
+ n
+ 3, n .
(35) Show that 1999
2000
+ 24 is a composite
number.
(36) Show that the sum of the third powers of three
consecutive integers is divisible by 9.
(37) Knowing that 175b 4c and 179b + 3c
verify that 17 b + 11c, b, c .
(38) Knowing that 132n + m and 135n 4m
verify that 13n 6m, n, m .
(39) Show that if 172b + 9c then 1733b + 89c.
(40) Show that if 1911b + 2c then 1918b + 5c.
(41) Show that 172x + 3y 179x + 5y, x, y ..
(42) Show that if 7x
2
+ y
2
then 49 x
2
+ y
2
, x, y .
(43) Prove that if 3x
2
+ x + l and 32y
2
2y + 2
then 3x + y, x, y .
(44) x
2
+ y
2
= z
2
that is x, y, z form a Pythagorean
triplet. Show that: (i) 12xy, (ii) 60xyz.
(45) Decide if there exists n at which:
(i) 11n
2
+ 3n + 5, (ii) 121n
2
+ 3n + 5.
(46) Show that 1 + 2 + ... + kl
n
+ 2
n
+ ... + k
n

(n , odd).
(47) abc denotes a three-digit number in decimal
system. Prove that if abc is divisible by 27 (or
by 37) then so is bca too.
(48) A divisor of 999 is also a divisor of the
number abcdef (in decimal system). Prove
that any number, obtained by cyclic
permutation of these digits, will also be
divisible by that divisor.
(49) Find all n at which 7n
2
+ 2n + 4 (n ).
(50) Determine all n for which:
(i) 32
n
+ 1 (ii) 52
n
+ 1.
(51) Is 1000!/(500!)
2
divisible by 7?
(52) (b;4) = 2 and (c;4) = 2. Show that
(b + c;4) = 4.
(53) Given five integers, prove that there exist
three among them the sum of which is
divisible by 3.
(54) Find the remainder of 1
n
+ 2
n
+ 3
n
+ 4
n
when
divided by 4 (n ).
(55) Prove that the remainders of x
3
y
3
and x y
are the same when divided by 6 (x, y ).
(56) The remainder is 6 when n is divided by 7 and
is 1 when n is divided by 4. Find the
remainder when n is divided by 28.
(57) Find the remainder of: (i) 383
175
when divided
by 45, (ii) 109
355
when divided by 14,
(iii) 439
291
when divided by 60, (iv) 293
275

when divided by 48.
(58) Find the remainder when n
100
is divided by
125 (n ).
(59) Find the last two digits of: (i) 2
999
(ii) 3
999

(iii)
14
14
14 .
(60) Show that
n
2
2 + 1 ends in 7 (n > 1).
(61) The elements of a set A are positive integers.
There are more than 7 of them, their product
is not divisible by 160 and is not the 4
th
power
of some integer. The LCM of all the members
of A is 390 and for any pair of elements their
GCD is bigger than 1. Give the elements of A.
(62) Set A consists of positive integers the number
of which is greater than 7. Their LCM is 462
and 9 times the product of them is a perfect
3
rd
power. The LCM of any two elements of A
is less than 250. Give the elements of A.
(63) Give n if both (n + 1 )/n and its reciprocal can
be written as finite decimal fractions.
(64) Show that 1 +
1
/
2
+
1
/
3
+ ... +
1
/
n
is not an
integer for any n .
(65) Given n objects with weights 1, 2, , n. For
what values of n can they be divided into
three parts of equal weight? (Use induction by
changing the place of the object of weight 1.)
(66) In the following addition each letter stands for
a different digit. Find the digits corresponding
to each letter given that there are no zeros:
CROSS + ROADS = DANGER (in decimal
system).
(67) Find all five digit numbers which are reversed
on multiplying by (i) 4, (ii) 9 (in decimal
system).
(68) Let n be a five digit number and let m be the
four digit number formed from n by deleting
the middle digit. Find all n for which mn (in
decimal system).
(69) Find all positive integers with first digit 6
such that the integer formed by deleting this 6
is
1
/
25
of the original integer (in decimal
system).
(70) Prove that 121 is a square no matter what base
it is written in.
(71) Find all n for which n
2
+ 80 is a perfect
square.
(72) For what b, c is
b
/
c
+
c
/
b
an integer?
(73) Show that every (positive integer) power of
(i) 10, (ii) 5 can be produced as the sum of
two square numbers.
(74) Find the digit on the 1234
th
place when
positive integers are written after each other in
their natural order (in decimal system).
(75) Find the possible values of x if 2x 3, 5x 14,
(2x 3)
/
(5x 14)
are all integers. (x !)
(76) Using the canonical decomposition of a
number find the number of its positive
divisors.
(77) Find the least (natural) number having 11
positive divisors.
(78) The number of positive divisors of n is odd.
What can n be?
(79) Show that (i) 4n
2
+ 1 (ii) 3n
3
+ 2n
2
+ n + 1 is
not the product of two consecutive natural
numbers (n ).
(80) Show that (n
4
+ 2n
3
+3n
2
+ 2n)/4 is the
product of two consecutive natural numbers.
(81) Prove that if n is a product of two consecutive
natural numbers then so is 9n + 2 too.
(82) Are there any square numbers of the form
abcabc in decimal system?
(83) Prove that square numbers consisting of at
least two digits (in decimal system) must
contain at least two distinct digits.
(84) Prove that any number and its 5
th
power are
equal in their last digit (in decimal system).
(85) The product of the digits (in decimal system)
of n is n
2
10n 22. Find n.