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Paul Charlesworth
Michigan Technological University
Dr. Paul Charlesworth
Michigan Technological University
Chapt er
Chapt er
20
20
Transition Elements and
Coordination Chemistry
Transition Elements and
Coordination Chemistry
Chemistry 4th Edition
McMurry/Fay
Chemistry 4th Edition
McMurry/Fay
Chapter 20 Slide 2
Prentice Hall 2004
Transition Metal Properties 02 Transition Metal Properties 02
Chapter 20 Slide 3
Prentice Hall 2004
Transition Metal Properties 04 Transition Metal Properties 04
Relative Densities:
Chapter 20 Slide 4
Prentice Hall 2004
Transition Metal Properties 04 Transition Metal Properties 04
Oxidation States:
Oxidation States:
Chapter 20 Slide 5
Prentice Hall 2004
Transition Metal Properties 05 Transition Metal Properties 05
Oxidation States: With the exception of Cu, first
row solid transition metals are more easily oxidized
than hydrogen.
Chapter 20 Slide 6
Prentice Hall 2004
Transition Metal Properties 06 Transition Metal Properties 06
Oxidation States: Most
transition metal oxidation
states are brightly colored.
Manganese is shown left to
right:
Mn
2+
Mn
3+
Mn
4+
Mn
6+
Mn
7+
Chapter 20 Slide 7
Prentice Hall 2004
Coordination Compounds 01 Coordination Compounds 01
Coordination compounds are species in which a
central metal ion (or atom) is attached to a group of
surrounding molecules or ions by coordinate
covalent bonds.
Surrounding groups are called Ligands.
Central metal is a Lewis acid.
Ligand is a Lewis base.
The number of ligand donor atoms surrounding the
central metal is called the coordination number.
Chapter 20 Slide 8
Prentice Hall 2004
Coordination Compounds 02 Coordination Compounds 02
Coordinate bond:
Coordination Sphere: is the central metal and
surrounding ligands. The square brackets separate
the complex from counter ions such as SO
4
2
.
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
+
H
H
H
H
Ag
+
(aq)
2
Ag
+
[Ag(NH
3
)
2
]
2
SO
4
Chapter 20 Slide 9
Prentice Hall 2004
Coordination Compounds 03 Coordination Compounds 03
Charge of a complex is the sum of the charges on
central metal and ligands.
1) What is the oxidation number for [Co(NH
3
)
5
Cl](NO
3
)
2
?
2) A complex ion contains a Cr
3+
bound to four H
2
O
molecules and two Cl
< Br
< Cl
< F
< H
2
O < NH
3
< en < CN
Increasing value of
Chapter 20 Slide 41
Prentice Hall 2004
Bonding in Complexes 16 Bonding in Complexes 16
Crystal Field Splitting can also account for magnetic
properties in terms of high- and low-spin complexes.
Weak-field ligands lead to high-spin paramagnetic systems.
Strong-field ligands lead to low-spin diamagnetic systems.