EEEB 141

Electronics Design Lab

Project 2 Report

Name : Surintan a/l Ramanaidoo
Id : EE 083774

Name : Hani Balfass
Id : EP 082475


Instructors Name
Syed Sulaiman Kaja Mohideen

Section
02 B


Objective
To apply the knowledge gained from previous labs
To use creativity in problem solving

Purpose
In this project, you will be given a specified input waveform. Your task will be to design an
amplifier to amplify the input waveform to the specified output waveform using the knowledge
you obtained from previous labs and your microelectronics lectures.

Problem Statement
As a design engineer with a major consumer electronics company, you are responsible for
overseeing the design and testing of new circuits. Recently, you were tasked with the
development of an audio amplification circuit for use in the budget segment of high fidelity (hifi)
sets. The audio amplifier specifications given to you are as follows:

Input: 200mV
p-p

Output: 20V
p-p

Phase offset: 0 (non-inverting)

In order to solve this problem, it is advisable that you use the hybrid pi model and refer to the
BJT data sheet to find out the early voltage of the transistor. Perform PSpice simulations to
assess how the circuit would perform under nominal conditions.

Methodology
You can use any means at your disposal in order to solve this problem. Creativity and originality
will earn you more points.
Your evaluation will be based on your presentation, which will include the demonstration of
your circuit, and also a report showing all calculations, simulations, and references. You are
advised to use simulation tools and include the simulation results in your report. You may use
any simulation tool available on the market.
Materials
BJT : 2 x Q2N3055
Resistors : 1 x 180K, 1 x 850K, 3x 10K, 1 x13,
1 x 48K, 1 x 4K, 1 x 1.6.
Capacitors : 3 x 100uF

Equipment
Fluke 45 Dual Display Multimeter
Tektronix CFG 253 3MHz Function Generator
Hewlett Packard Oscilloscope 100MHz 54600B

Procedure

1. The circuit shown in Figure 1 was constructed:










2. V
in
has been set to 200mVp-p AC sine wave and 50Hz frequency using function generator.
The value for DC supply is set to 30V.

3. The graph of V
in
the value of V
pp
, V
max
, V
min
, and V
rms
are drawn and recorded.

4. The circuit had been stimulated using PSpsice and V
pp
, V
max
, V
min
, and V
rms
are drawn and
recorded.



Results

For input:

Frequency= 50Hz
V
p-p
= 212.6mV
V
max
= -456.9mV
V
min
= -668.4mV
V
rms
= 600mV

For output:

V
p-p
= 19.53V
V
max
= 10.47V
V
min
= -9.688V
V
rms
= 6.780V


Discussion

This Project 2 is mainly done to create an amplifier using bipolar junction transistor
(BJT). Amplifier is a device that uses small amount of energy to control a source of a larger
amount of energy. The input of an amplifier is called transfer function, whereas the output is
termed as gain. The magnitude of the transfer function can be any values like mV or in V itself.
The magnitude of the gain is actually how much does the amplifier increase or decrease the
signal level. It can be in positive values or negative values.

BJT is also known as a switch. BJT can be divided into 2 main types. They are NPN and
PNP. A NPN transistor can be considered as two diodes with a shared anode region. In typical
operation, the emitter base junction is forward biased and the base collector is reverse biased.
A PNP transistor consists of a layer of N- doped (often with boron) semiconductor between two
layers of P- doped (often with arsenic) material. PNP transistors are commonly operated with the
collector at ground and emitter will be connected to a positive voltage through an electric load
(like resistors). A small current entering the base prevents current from flowing between the
collector and emitter. Basically a BJT has three legs, they are collector, base and emitter. Each
of them has respective currents. They are collector current- I
C
, base current-I
B
, emitter
current- I
E


Besides BJTs, few capacitors and resistors are also used for this project. Capacitor is an
electrical device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair closely spaced
conductors (plates). Besides storing energy, capacitors are also used in electrical circuits to
differentiate between high frequency and low frequency signals. There are 8 resistors used in
this project. Some of them are with same values.


CONCLUSION

In this Project 2, we are tasked to design an amplifier which needs to amplify input value
of 200mV
P-P
(AC) to 20V
P-P
. The voltage gain obtained from this project is 104.7. Although the
voltage gain value is slightly different form the actual value, still it can be conclude that the
designed circuit for this Project 2 can function as an amplifier.