CH 03

Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
2000, Elmasri/Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Third Edition

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Figure 3.1 A simplified diagram to illustrate
the main phases of database design.
Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. 2000, Elmasri/Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Third Edition
Number
Fname
DEPENDENT
Minit Lname
Name
Address
Sex Salary
Ssn ___
EMPLOYEE
Bdate
WORKS_FOR
StartDate
MANAGES
NumberOfEmployees
Name
Locations
DEPARTMENT
CONTROLS
PROJECT
Name
Location
Number ______
WORKS_ON
DEPENDENTS_OF
N
1
Hours
N
Name
Sex BirthDate
Relationship
N
1
1 N
supervisor supervisee
SUPERVISION
1 1
N 1
Figure 3.2 ER schema diagram for the company database.
Headquarters = Houston
Name = Sunco Oil
President = John Smith
c
1
Name = John Smith
Address = 2311 Kirby,
Houston, Texas 77001
Age = 55
HomePhone = 713-749-2630
e
1
Figure 3.3 Two entities, an employee e
1
and a company c
1
,
and their attribute values.
Address
StreetAddress City State Zip
Number Street ApartmentNumber
Figure 3.4 A hierarchy of composite attributes; the
StreetAddress component of an Address is further composed
of Number, Street, and ApartmentNumber.
{AddressPhone( {Phone(AreaCode,PhoneNumber)},
Address(StreetAddress(Number,Street,ApartmentNumber),
City,State,Zip) ) }
Figure 3.5 A complex attribute AddressPhone with
multivalued and composite components.
ENTITY TYPE NAME:
ENTITY SET:
(EXTENSION)
COMPANY
Name, Headquarters, President
EMPLOYEE
Name, Age, Salary
(John Smith, 55, 80k)
(Fred Brown, 40, 30K)
(Judy Clark, 25, 20K)
e
1
e
2
e
3
(Sunco Oil, Houston, John Smith)
(Fast Computer, Dallas, Bob King)
c
1
c
2
Figure 3.6 Two entity types named EMPLOYEE and COMPANY,
and some of the member entities in the collection of entities
(or entity set) of each type.
CAR
Registration(RegistrationNumber, State), VehicleID, Make, Model, Year, {Color}
((ABC 123, NEW YORK), WP9872, Nissan Maxima, 4-door, 1999,
((VSY 720, TEXAS), TD729, Chrysler LeBaron, 4-door, 1995, {white, blue})
((ABC 123, TEXAS), TK629, Ford Mustang, convertible, 1998, {red, black})
car
1
car
2
car
3
{blue})
Figure 3.7 The CAR entity type, with two key attributes Registration and
VehicleID. Multivalued attributes are shown between set braces {}.
Components of a composite attribute are shown between parentheses ().
DEPARTMENT
Name, Number, {Locations}, Manager, ManagerStartDate
PROJECT
Name, Number, Location, ControllingDepartment
EMPLOYEE
Name (FName, MInit, LName), SSN, Sex, Address, Salary,
BirthDate, Department, Supervisor, {WorksOn (Project, Hours)}
DEPENDENT
Employee, DependentName, Sex, BirthDate, Relationship
Figure 3.8 Preliminary design of entity types for the COMPANY database
whose requirements are described in Section 3.2.
e
1
r
1
r
2
r
3
r
4
r
5
r
6
r
7
d
1
d
2
d
3
EMPLOYEE
WORKS_FOR DEPARTMENT
e
2
e
3
e
4
e
5
e
6
e
7
Figure 3.9 Some instances of the WORKS_FOR
relationship between EMPLOYEE and DEPARTMENT.
SUPPLIER
SUPPLY
PROJECT
s
1
s
2
r
3
r
4
r
5
r
6
r
7
j
3
j
2
j
1
p
2
p
1
p
3
PART
r
2
r
1
Figure 3.10 Some relationship instances
of a ternary relationship SUPPLY.
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
EMPLOYEE
SUPERVISION
e
1
e
2
e
3
e
4
e
5
e
6
e
7
r
1
r
2
r
3
r
4
r
5
r
6
Figure 3.11 The recursive relationship SUPERVISION, where the EMPLOYEE
entity type plays the two roles of supervisor (1) and supervisee (2).
EMPLOYEE
MANAGES
DEPARTMENT
e
1
e
2
e
3
e
4
e
5
e
6
e
7
r
1
r
2
r
3
d
1
d
2
d
3
Figure 3.12 The 1:1 relationship MANAGES, with partial
participation of employee and total participation of DEPARTMENT.
WORKS_ON
EMPLOYEE
PROJECT
e
1
e
2
e
3
e
4
r
1
r
2
r
3
r
4
r
5
r
6
r
7
p
2
p
1
p
3
p
4
Figure 3.13 The M:N relationship WORKS_ON
between EMPLOYEE and PROJECT.
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Figure 3.14 Summary of ER diagram notation.
supervisor
(0,N)
(1,1)
controlled-
project
(1,1)
Fname
manager
(0,1)
StartDate
employee
SUPERVISION
Bdate
Salary Sex Name
Address Lname Minit
EMPLOYEE
employee
(0,N)
(0,1)
supervisee
CONTROLS
(0,N)
controlling-
department
department-
managed
(1,1)
MANAGES
DEPARTMENT
Locations
(4,N)
NumberOfEmployees
department
WORKS_FOR
DEPENDENTS_OF
Location
project
(1,N)
WORKS_ON
Hours
worker
(1,N)
PROJECT
dependent
(1,1)
Relationship
BirthDate Sex
DEPENDENT
Ssn
Name
Number
Name
Name
Number
Figure 3.15 ER diagram for the COMPANY schema, with all role
names included and with structural constraints on relationships
specified using the alternate notation (min, max).
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Figure 3.16 An ER diagram for an airline database.
BRANCHES BANK-BRANCH
ACCTS
Name Code Addr
LOANS
BANK
LOAN ACCOUNT
CUSTOMER
A-C
L-C
BranchNo
Balance
Addr
AcctNo
Type
Amount LoanNo
Type
SSN Name
Addr Phone
1 N
1
N
1
N
N
N
M
M
Figure 3.17 An ER diagram for a BANK database.
EMPLOYEE DEPARTMENT
HAS-PHONE CONTAINS
PHONE
WORKS-IN
Figure 3.18 An ER diagram for a database that keeps
track of company and employee phones.
INSTRUCTOR COURSE
USES
TEXT
TEACHES
Figure 3.19 An ER diagram for a database that
keeps track of textbooks used in courses.

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2000, Elmasri/Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Third Edition

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