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ISBN 5-7565-0059-6 , 2004

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6

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II. ,

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:
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 5. a, i (y)
.
. :
, .
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:
1. : he [h] , we [w] .
2. , :
train [tre
n] , play [ple
] , tea [t] , tie [ta
] .
3. , () e:
name [ne
m] , nine [na
n] .

: a, e, i (y), o, u.
, .
I. a [e
]
, .
a [e
]

name game take make bake cake ,

lake late hate plate skate
brave rain train pain
paint day may say play
:
name [ne
m] game [ge
m] take [te
k] make [me
k] bake [be
k] cake [ke
k]
lake [le
k] late [le
t] hate [he
t] plate [ple
t] skate [ske
t]
brave [bre
v] rain [re
n] train [tre
n] pain [pe
n]
paint [pe
nt] day [de
] may [me
] say [se
] play [ple
]
1. :

name hate game plate take late lake make skate bake rain cake train
pain play paint day brave skate say plate play name may hate game lake
:
: Kate [ke
t] , Jane [e
n]
: Jake [e
k] , Dave [de
v]
2. :

cake Kate name Jane hate Jake take plate Dave late make Kate skate game day
rain Jane train cake bake Kate play brave may skate Jake plate play name Dave
a , [].
.
( )
, "-", " ."
. .
3. :

a name

a game a plate a lake a cake a day a name a plate a game a cake a day
9

II. i (y) [a
]

i (y)
[a
]

I hi pie tie time like fine

file five nine my try fry sky
I [a
] hi [ha
] pie [pa
] tie [ta
] time [ta
m] like [la
k] fine [fa
n]
file [fa
l] five [fa
v] nine [na
n] my [ma
] try [tra
] fry [fra
] sky [ska
]

: I - ,
.
:
, : May [me
] April [e
prl]
4. :

I hi pie tie time like fine five nine file my try fry sky
Five my I sky file tie try pie nine fry hi my time fine
5. :

hi pie tie time like fine file five nine my try fry sky
name game take make bake hate late cake paint train rain day may play May April
time take pie pain tie train time make like lake late fine plate nine paint
my may try day fry say sky play
6. :

a pie a tie a file

a name a game a plate a cake a lake a day

7. :

my pie my tie my file my time

my name my game my plate my cake my pain my day
[a
] . : a
[].
: Ike [a
k] , Mike [ma
k] , Simon [sa
mn] .
: Ida [ a
d] , Lisa [ la
z] .
8. :

Hi, Mike! Hi, Ike! Hi, Simon! Hi, Ida! Hi, Lisa! Hi, Kate! Hi, Jane! Hi, Jake! Hi, Dave!
, .
,
.
( is [
z] -, ).
9. :

My name is Mike. My name is Ike. My name is Ida. My name is Lisa.

My name is Jane. My name is Kate. My name is Jake. My name is Dave.
Lisa is fine. Jane is fine. Ida is fine. Kate is fine. Dave is brave. Jake is brave.
I like Mike. I like Dave. I like Ike. I like Jake. I like Ida. I like Jane. I like Simon.
I like my pie. I like my fine tie. I like my name. I like my game. I like my cake.
10. :

save safe date wait aim way stay wife life drive line kite die fly by

10

 6. -
,
. ,
.
.
, a [e
].
[e
] : table [te
bl] .
have [hv] a [] ( has [hz] ).
1. :

hate have cake have name have take have brave have may have

rain have table

: I have ,
Jake has tie. . Kate has a cake. .
2. :

I have a cake. I have a plate. I have a table. I have a pie. I have a tie. I have a file. I have time.
Kate has a table. Jane has a plate. Dave has a tie. Mike has a pie. Ike has a fine file.
: [] : and [nd], at [t] .
3. :

Kate and Jane Jake and Dave Ike and Mike Mike and Simon Ida and Lisa
Simon and Jane Jake and Ida Mike and Kate Ike and Dave Lisa and Jane
4. :

I have a table. I have a plate and a cake. I have a cake and a pie. I have a fine file.
I have a fine game. I like Kate and Dave. I like Simon and Jane. I hate Mike and Jake.
, i [a
]. [
]
give [g
v] , live [l
v] , [] ski [sk] ,
ie [e] , : friend [frend], friends [frendz].
: live [l
v] , life [la
f] ,
5. :

pie friend tie friend like friend fine friend die friend five friend my friend file ski
live life like give fine live ski my life give tie friend life live time give file try
6. (in [
n] ):

Mike and Lisa live in Omsk.

Ike and Ida live in Riga.
I live in Nizhniy Novgorod.
I like my life.
Jake and Ike ski and skate.
My friends live in Minsk.
My friends and I play and train.
My friend Ike and I skate.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

7. :

I have a friend. My friend is Mike. Mike is brave. I like my friend. I hate pain. I hate rain in April.
I have a friend. Jane is my friend. Jane is fine. I like my friend. I like Kate and Lisa.
My friends live in Tomsk. I live in Nizhniy Novgorod. I like my life. My life is fine.
Mike and Kate live in Minsk. Ida and Dave live in Riga. I like my friends Jane and Ike.
11

, .
.
, .
8. :

May I say?
May I play?
May I take a cake?
May Mike take a pie?
May I give Mike a plate?
May I give my friend a file?

?
?
?
?
?
- ?

9. :

time hate have pie friend fine live wife give five day my

nine life like

try table

7. e .
e []
e
[]

he we me see meet need feed

sweet , green tree street read
tea eat meat clean cream , dream ,
team weak please jeans people
he [h] we [w] me [m] see [s] meet [mt] need [nd] feed [fd]
sweet [swt] green [grn] tree [tr] street [strt] read [rd]
tea [t] eat [t] meat [mt] clean [kln] cream [krm] dream [drm]
team [tm] weak [wk] please [plz] jeans [nz] people [ppl]

e [] Eve [v]

Pete [pt] .
1. :

he we me see meet need feed sweet green tree street tea eat meat read clean people
meat meet me we green tea need eat feed read people jeans sweet weak please
hi pie tie time like fine file five life nine side my try fry friend live give ski
2. :

he hi we pie me tie see like meet fine need file feed life sweet give green ski
tea take eat bake meat make read rain clean late people plate meet hate jeans have
3. :

We see a tree. We see a green tree. We see a street. We see a weak team. We need a dream team.
People eat meat. Weak people need meat. We need sweet tea. We need green tea and sweets.
I need tea and cream. Give me a sweet, please. Please, give me clean jeans. I need green jeans.
4. :

I see Pete. I see Eve. Pete and Eve see me. We meet Eve and Pete. We feed Eve and Pete.
Pete and Eve eat meat. We need tea and sweets. I like green tea. Eve and Pete like sweet tea.
I like Pete. He is my friend. He is brave. We ski and skate. We play and train. We read and paint.
, :
Dave save brave have five live give friend need feed is has jeans please friends
12

 , :
save - safe
feed - feet
need - neat
side - site ,
5. :

Pete is neat.
We need neat people.
I need a safe.
Dave has a fine safe.
Save me, please!
Save Dave please!
Mike is on my side.
We have a fine site.

.
.
.
.
, !
, !
.
.

, e [].
. ea :
[e]: bread [bred] , ready [red
] ;
[e
]: great [gre
t] , , break [bre
k] , ;

e
[] the [],
, , .
,
. , ,
the [
]: the aim .
6. :

the sweet the street the tree the tea the meat the people the jeans the dream the team
the name the game the plate the cake the lake the rain the pain the day the table
the pie the tie the time the file the sky the friend the break the aim
: , ,
. th this [
s] ,
they [e
] .
7. :

Please, give me a lean plate.

Take the green plate, please.
May we take this fine cake?
Take the cake, please
May my friends make tea?
They may take the green tea.
Please, give me this sweet cream.
We need this table.

, , .
, .
?
, .
?
.
, .
.

8. :

This cake is on the plate.

The pie is on the green plate.
The sweet is at the plate.
I see a tree in the street.
This tree is green.
I need my friends Eve and Pete.
They live in Minin Street
They paint, read and play.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
13

 9. :

Please, give me my green tie. Take this fine tie. May I take a pie? Take the meat and bake a pie.
May I see my friends Eve and Pete? May we feed Eve and Pete? They need tea, cream and sweets.
10. :

week keep seek sea speak heat lead steak dread

8. u
I. u [j]
.
[j] , .
U
[j]

pupil student suit use

cute music computer
pupil [pjpl] student [stjdnt] suit [sjt] use [jz]
cute [kjt] music [mjzik] computer [km pjt]
1. :

pupil student suit cute music computer use music pupil cute student suit computer
use fine music like pupil time cute file computer life student live suit give cute
people pupil student friend cute clean suit street music read use ready computer
u [j] Sue [sj] Una [jn],
Hube [hjb] .
Hi, Hube! Hi, Sue! Hi, Una! Hi, Pete! Hi, Eve! Hi, Mike! Hi, Jane! Hi, Dave!
2. :

Sue is a pupil. Hube is a student. Una is a cute pupil. Hube is a cute student. Hube and Sue like
music. This music is fine. My friends Una and Sue have a computer. They play computer games.
May I see Hube? May we see Sue? I like Hube, Sue and Una. May I play the computer game?
you [j] : , , , , , .
3. :

You see Una and Hube.

Please, meet my friend Sue.
I see you, you see me.
I need you and you need me.
You may use my computer.
You may take my suit.

.
.
, .
, .
.
.

: ew [j]: new [nj] :

4. :

a new suit a new computer a new student a new pupil new people new music a new team
a new plate a new day a new date a new name a new tie a new file a new life a new friend

I. u l, r, j []
blue [bl] fruit [frt] June [n]
5. :

pupil fruit student blue suit June computer fruit pupil blue student ute June music
14

 6. :

may play day date name cake take hate late plate paint pain train rain table have
we me he she see tree green need feed sweet
eat tea meat clean cream dream team read please people
hi fine nine five like time file wife live give pie tie friend my try fry sky
pupil student cute suit music computer use fruit blue June
7. :

a blue suit a blue fruit a blue plate a blue tie a blue file the blue sky a cute student
a cute pupil cute people a fine suit a fine fruit a fine computer fine music the fine sky
a fine plate a fine tree a green fruit a green suit a green tree a green tie a green file
u [] : Julia [lj]
June [n] ; : Rube [rb] , Lucas [lks] .
8. :

Jane Jake Kate Dave Pete Eve Mike Ike Ida Lisa Una Sue Hube Rube Lucas June
Jane Julia Jake Lucas Kate Sue Una Rube Hube Dave Eve Ike Julia June
9. :

I see Sue and Hube. I need Una and Sue. I like Julia and June. I have new friens Rube and Lucas.
Hube and Rube play in the street. Una and June play this computer game. Sue and Julia like fine
music. I like my friends June and Una. Jane and June live in this street. Jake and Julia live in Riga.
10. :

cube

tube

tune

muse

human

unit

rude

rule

true

glue

flu

: u [
] ,
:
busy [b
z
] business [b
zn
s] , businessman [ b
zn
smn]
11. :

Hube is busy. Sue is busy. I like my business. This business is fine. Una and Sue have a new
business. They like the new business. Rube is a businessman. Lucas is a great businessman.

9. o
I. o [u]
o
[u]

no so go , hope home
open close rose nose stove
stone note smoke stroke sofa
coat cloak soap road
no [nu] so [su] go [gu] hope [hup] home [hum]
open [upn] close [kluz] rose [ruz] nose [nuz] stove [stuv]
stone [stun] note [nut] smoke [smuk] stroke [struk] sofa [suf]
coat [kut] cloak [kluk] soap [sup] road [rud]
1. :

no hope so nose home coat go open close rose road stove sofa coat hope cloak
note road open no coat stone cloak close soap stroke so smoke go sofa home
music open computer home game go name nose rain road have hope cake coat so
15

 o [u]
Hallo [h lu] ! disco [d
sku] tomato [t mtu]
o [u] : Flo [flu] , Rose [ruz]
: Joe [u] , Tony [tun
] , Hugo [hjgu]
Hallo, Flo! Hallo, Joe! Hallo, Rose! Hallo, Tony! Hallo, Sue! Hallo, June! Hallo, Hugo!
2. :

The stove is open.

Please, close the stove.
Joe is brave. Flo is not so brave.
May I say so?
Flo and Joe go home on this road.
Tony and Rose go home by train.
May I go home?
So, we may go home.
My home is open.
Is Rose at home? I hope so.

.
, , .
. .
?
.
.
?
, .
.
? , .

Oh! [u] , , .
Oh, the rose is so fine!
, !
Oh, Flo is so cute!
, !
Is Joe brave? Oh, no.
? , .
no not
[nt] , yes [jes] .
he , she [] .
3. :

Is Tony in the street? No, he is not.

Is Tony at home? Yes, he is.
Is Flo at home? No, she is not.
Is Flo in the street? Yes, she is.
Is Rose at the disco? Yes, she is.
Is Joe at the disco? No, he is not.

? , .
? .
? , .
? , .
? .
? , .

it [
t],
, , , .
4. :

Is the stove open? Yes, it is.

Is it clean? No, it is not.
Is the coat fine? Yes, it is.
Is it green? No, it is not.
Is the sofa at the table? Yes, it is.
Is it new? No, it is not.
Is it my cloak? No, it is not.
Is it late? Yes, it is. (No it is not.)
Is Una late? Yes, she is. (No she is not.)

? , .
? .
? , .
? , .
? .
? , .
? , .
? . (, )
? . ().

: it is its [
ts]
is not - isnt [
znt]. .
Its a cloak. .
It isnt my cloak. .
16

 o , . C
.
.

II. o [] [u]

do [d] to [ t] , , two [t] too [t] , room [rm]
cool [kl] , () good [gud] book [buk]
6. :

no so go nose rose close open hope home stove coat cloak road oh hallo smoke
do to two too cool room good book
go do so too no to nose room close book open good home do stove coat cool
7. :

a good book a good room a good sofa a good rose a good stove a good road a good coat
a good cloak a good day a good suit a good computer a good fruit a good friend
8. :

I have two friends.

We have friends too.
Rose and Joe go to Kirov.
We go to Kirov too.
We have a good time.
Tony is cool. Its cool!
The day is too cool.
I need a good coat.
I need a new coat too.

.
.
.
.
.
. !
.
.
.

III. o []
. :
love [lv] come [km] , some [sm] ,
9. :

I love my friends and they love me.

Come to see me.
Come to Nizhniy Novgorod in June.
Come to the table.
Come in, please.
Take some sweets.
Please, give me some tea.
May I take some books?

, .
.
.
.
, .
.
, , .
?

10. :

no so go nose rose close open hope home

do to two too room cool good book
love come some

stove

cloak coat

road oh

oy [
]: boy ,
ou , [au]:
house [haus] mouse [maus] blouse [blauz]
17

 11. :

People need house and home.

I love my home and my people.
I love you, my boy.
My house is in Gogol Street.
It is a good house.
You have a good blouse.
Is it a new blouse?

.
.
, .
.
.
.
?

12. :

love to come house two mouse too some boy cool house good you book go do
hope some so blouse nose love home to coat come go road do open no close too
smoke mouse road good go stroke come note book soap home house too some

10. ,
,
.

A [e
]

name game take make bake cake hate plate

late skate save brave rain train paint pain
wait day may say play stay way

[] have

e []

he she we me see meet need feed sweet tree

green street read tea eat meat clean cream
dream team weak neat please jeans people

[] the [e] head, ready

[e
] break, great

i (y) [a
]

I hi pie tie
line five drive

[
] live, give; [] ski;

[e] friend

o [u]

no so go hope home rose nose note open close

stove smoke stroke sofa coat cloak road soap

u [j]
[]

die time like file fine nine

wife side my by try fry sky

pupil
student suit cute
blue fruit June

music

computer use

[] to do two too

[u] good book
[] love come some
[
] boy
[
] busy, business

, , ,
-. :
tale , tail ; brake , break , ;
see , sea ;
meet , , meat ; be , bee ;
week , weak ;
to , too , , two ;
hi , high (, gh !)
1. :

Jake, brake please!

May we break the game?
We see a blue sea.
We see a bee.
It may be a bee.
I like the tale.
This mouse has no tail.

, , !
?
.
.
, .
.
.
18

 2 :

Meet my friend Pete.

We need some meat.
This team is weak.
Hi, Una! See you this week!
Come to this high tree.

.
.
.
, ! !
.

gh:
straight [stre
t] high [ha
] right [ra
t] ,
light [la
t] ,
night [na
t] Good night! !
3. :

a straight street a straight tree a straight way a straight way a straight road a straight nose
the high table the high house the light day the light night the light blue suit the green light
the right side the right site the right safe the right table the right way the right road
, ,
-, :
use [jz] use [js] | close [kluz] close [klus]

May I use this computer?

It is no use.
The table is close to the stove.
Close the stove.

?
.
.
.

11.
,
. . ,
, , .
, like : 1) ; 2) ,
; 3) .
I like my friends.
.
Like me they ski and skate.
, .
My house is like this.
.
Jane is like Mike.
.
Do it like this.
.
to [t],
to.
home home
smoke - to smoke
open to open
a name - to name
a tie to tie
a house to house
a skate to skate

a note - to note
a stroke to stroke
a suit to suit
a play to play
a train - to train
ski to ski
need - to need

1. :

Come to the table. Try to read the tale. Go to the stove. Open the stove. The stove is open. Go to the
computer. Try to open the file. The file is open. Pete is ready to play. Read the play. The play is
fine. The suit and the blouse suit Kate. We need fine ski. Jake is ready to ski. My friend is in need.
19

 , .
I have a friend. .
He has a computer. .
I need the book. .
We need time. .
My friend is late. .
Joe and I play. .
We play tennis. .
We like tennis. .
Come to see me. .
See you in May! !

, .
The teams train in May.
.
We train the students to read.
.
I like to train my dog.
.

12.
, ,
. -.

A
[]

and at hat cat fat flat

bad sad stand hand land
man can pan fan plan
jam ham tram lamp camp
bag has jazz that [t]

[e
] table
[] ball
all ,
[] want

e
[e]

ten pen red , pet

leg let left wet set rest
test desk dress end spend
bed bell sell tell well
egg help best text [tekst]

[] secret

[j]
new

i (y)
[
]

in it is - his him , swim

film win skin big risk
kill ill , still ; will pill
lip milk lift kid sit six [s
ks] 6
kitten listen [l
sn] this [
s] with [w
]

[a
]
title

kind

o
[]

god on not hot pot spot

stop dog doll soft ,
from frost box [bks] , coffee [kf
]
often [fn] hospital [hsp
tl]

[u] most

old
cold
[] son

u
[]

us , bus plus must trust

dust cut but nut sun run
jump sum cup club puppy [ pp
]

[u]
put

1. , :

[kp] [bd] [bed] [bt] [ht] [kt] [kt] [w
l] [wel] [mst] [must] [s]
[z] [mp] [l
sn] [ofn] [
s] [t] [w
] [kf
] [ pp
] [m] [pen]
[k
tn] [pn] [dl] [kuld] [k
d] [ka
nd] [klb] [bks] [bs] [put] [bl]

20

 [] [e], :
bad - bed man - men pan - pen
2. :

a bad bag a bad cat a bad hat a bad pan a bad man a bad flat a bad plan a sad man
the bad bed the bad pen the bad desk the bad dress the bad end the sad men ten men
that hat that bag that pan that man that cat that tram that lamp that bad bag
that bed that pen that desk that text that help that bad bed that bad pen that bad bell
3. :

us bus plus must but nut cup club cut cat fat sad lamp tram ham jam camp bag
leg sell leg left set rest tell well will lift sit lip kid his skin swim sum plus but
sun son -, . .
We see the sun is in the sky.
.
I hope my son is at home.
, .
:
Ann Pat Meg Bess Jill Lotta Gussie [ gs
] ;
: Sam Ken Bill Tom John [n] Guss
4. :

Sam and Pat have a big flat.

Bill is ill. Give him his pill.
This pill will kill the pain.
Meg will play tennis well.
Is the lift on the left side?
Ned has a pet.
His pet is a red fat cat.
Give me coffee and a hot dog.
The bus must stop at the bus stop.

.
. .
.
.
?
.
.
.
.

e , .
, . :
hate
hat
fat
fat
made
mad
mate
mat
glade
glad
plane
plan
fine
fin
file
fill
wine
win
site ,
sit
note
not
ode
odd
hope
hop
pope
pop
cube
cub
cute c
cut
:


take name paint train may play day bake hate
fat lamp cat bad bag plan man apple
we he she see eat read need feed sweet green
red pen desk well twelve help ten
hi pie tie time fine nine five file like wife
milk ill will little simple this with
no so go home hope open close rose coat road
dog hot stop not box doll bottle
Pupil student suit cute use musik blue fruit June bus must trust but cup cut puppy
e .
:
21

simple [s
mpl] apple [pl] kettle [ketl] bottle [btl]

twelve [twelv] little [l
tl] , a little
Ken has a little boy.
His pet is a little mouse.
May we play a little?
We have little time.
Wait a little please!

.
.
?
.
, !

5. :

This apple is big. That apple is little. The text is simple. Give me a little bottle. The bottle is in the
little box. The kettle is not hot. Set the kettle on the table. Six plus six is twelve. It is simple.
6. :

take can paint bad may cat name man bake bag hate hat play plan make apple
we red eat pen see desk she green well sweet read ten tree help feed twelve clean
like milk pie ill fine big nine little tie simple drink five six this time with file
go dog home hot coat no not open student must pupil bus suit cup blue trust puppy
7. :

I hate that bad hat.

My mate Pat made that mat.
Fill the list and give me the file.
My note is still not ready.
We plan to go home by plane.
I will sit at home.
Meet you on my site.
Guss is not a big boy but cute.
Russ cut his left hand.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
.

, . , e
[], i - [
]:

[i] [
], :
sheep - ship
green - grin
feel - fill
steal still ;
sleep - slip
beat - bit
leap lip

heat - hit ,
peel , - pill
seat - sit
heal - hill
least - list
feet - fit ;
leave - live

8. :

Bill will live in this street.

Leave me please!
I hate his grin and his green hat.
Give me the pill and peel the red apple.
Heat the tea please.
This jazz-music is a big hit.
You may take a seat. Sit still.

.
, .
.
.
, , .
.
. .

,
.

22

:
[] us sun sum some come love son
[e
] name rain day break great straight
[a
] five nine my by try right kind title
[j] use suit cute student music new
[u] good book put

[e] ten pen pet red bread ready friend

[] me tree tea cream people secret ski
[
] kid big lip milk give live
[] blue fruit June two do to too room
[u] go hope coat cloak old cold most

, an ,
: an egg an apple an old man an old dress an ill kid.
9. :

a brave man a bad plate a green pen a wet tree a fine film a big pie a kind kid a kind kitten
an open bottle a soft sofa a hot stove an old cloak a blue bus a cut fruit a cute puppy
an old man with his son tea with cream tea with bread bread with meat bread with cream
10. :

Give me please an egg. I need a big egg. Give that little boy an apple. You may take the big red
apple. Jill will peel the apple. Put some jam on the bread. I like bread with ham. Dan is ready to
read the text. Most studens read well. I see an old man. We often help old people. The day is not
hot. The night will be cold. Give me the new coat. The coat is new but bad. I need a good coat.
, , will to
. to let.
Let the boy come in.
Please, let me go.
Let John stay with us.
Let me tell you my name.

.
, .
.
.

us let , .
Let us read the text.
.
Let us play ball. Lets go home.
. .

13. may, can, must

, ,
. ,
to. :
may ( ), can , , must ,
You may read the text. .
He can read well. .
She can paint well. .
We must read well. .
1. :

I can play tennis. I can feed the cat and the dog. I can help Sam and Dan. I can paint well. I can see
Tom and Rose this week. We can go home by bus. Bob can go home by tram. You may play with
my cat. You may take an apple. Mike may see Jake. We may open that box. You must close the
box. Cuss must put the pot on the stove. You must trust us. The bus must stop. I must read that text.
may, can, must .
,
: May I see Bill? May I stroke the cat?
23

 2. :

May I take my bag?

May I play with the dog?
Can that man see well?
Can he go home by tram?
Can Tom help you? Can I hope?
Can you use a computer?
Must Pat stop the boy?
Must he tell us his name?

?
?
?
?
? ?
?
?
?

3. :

Can you clean the room? Can Dan clean the jeans? Can Pat make tea? Can Kate bake a
pie? May I eat an egg? May I feed the puppy? May we play with the kitten? May Guss go to the
club? Must Sam stay at home? Must Ken clean the stove? Must we use this computer?
.
Can you paint well? Yes, I can.
Can I see you? Yes, you can.
Can Pat train? Yes, she can.
Can John help Ann? Yes, he can.
Can the tram stop? Yes, it can.
Can the cat save the kitten? Yes, it can.
Must you go home? Yes, I must.
Must I read? Yes, you must.
Must my friends help me? Yes, they must. Must Sue give me that pill? Yes, she must
May we bake a cake? Yes, you may.
May I open the box? Yes, you may.
not, can
: can - cannot [ knt], - .
4. :

I cannot read well.

She cannot open the bottle.
We must not go home.
We must not stop.
You must not trust Guss.
I may not play with the cat.
You may not eat sweets.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

: no not:
May I see you? No, you may not.
May I play ball? No, you may not.
Must I stay? No, you must not.
Must you go home? No, we must not.
Can I help you? No, you cannot.
Can you read? No, I cannot.
. not
, :
must not - mustn't [msnt], cannot - can't [knt].
5. :

You mustn't stop. Bob mustn't help Joe. Tom mustn't see you. Ann mustnt eat sweets. I can't help
you. We can't train in June. Pat cant open that bag. I cant trust this boy. I cant read the text. We
cannot paint well. I cannot play with that boy. Ken cannot close the red bag. You cant go by bus.
6. . -:

We like to play tennis. You cannot play well. Try to train. We must train. Bob can't train in April.
I must see Tom. Can we trust Tom? He can help me. Try to open the box. I can't open the box. Can
Dan close that big box? May I take the blue bag? You mustnt take my bag. May I eat that jam?
You must eat fruits. Jake mustn't eat red fruit. I like to read simple texts. We must read well.
24

 7. -:

. ? . ?
. . .
? . .
? . . ?
: , to .
have , ,
to .
I have to do it.
.
We have to go to the hospital.
.

14.
- r,
. r .

ar []

car bar far star start

part art smart arm farm
mark dark park bark garden
yard [jd] party [pt
] army [m
]

Or [] for , or form , norm storm

sport port sort fork cork
Er [] her herb verb nerve serve
perfect person ,
girl
Ir [] fir sir stir first
skirt dirt dirty bird firm
Ur [] fur turn , nurse ,
purse curds hurt surname

[] warm

[] work

[] clerk

1. , :

[k] [gdn] [jd] [f] [f] [fk] [fm] [stm] [kk] [h] [hb] [vb] [nv] [sv]
[psn] [gl] [bd] [skt] [fst] [ dt
] [tn] [ns] [ps] [kdz] [ sne
m] [ pf
kt]
2. :

car park mark garden bar dark yard farm far for sport fork form storm port or
her herb verb perfect person nerve girl bird skirt fir first turn purse curds surname
3. :

car curds form girl her purse park bird arm herb garden turn fork verb first for fir far
a dark park a dark car a dark skirt a dark fur a dark purse a good girl a good firm a good bird
the first mark the first form the first girl the first turn her purse her surname her firm her fur
ar, or, ir, er, ur :
: Marty [ mt
] , Lorna [ ln] , Roberta [r bt] ,
Irma [ m] , Ursula [ sl] ; : Mark [mk] ,
Jordan [ dn] , Bert [bt] , Dirk [dk] , Curtis [ kt
s]
4. :

Mark Marty Bert Roberta Dirk Irma Curtis Ursula Lorna Jordan
25

 5. :

Roberta is a perfect person.

Bert and Irma serve in this firm.
Irma is the first girl in her firm.
I see Ursula for the first time.
Curtis and Ursula work in a hospital
Ursula is a good nurse.
We often turn to her.
Her surname is Bird.
I like her and her son Dirk.
Dirk is in the first form

.
.
.
.
.
- .
.

.
.

6. :

Mark is far from his farm.

The bar is not far from the park.
Marty can park the car.
Marty and Mark must part.
We can take part in the party.
Jordan is in good form.
Lorna is glad for Jordan.
They do often sports.
We want to play sports.

.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.

:
Irma has a smart dress.
.
Bert and Irma need a smart car.
.
Dirk is a smart man.
.
We see the turn to the left.
.
The car must turn to the right.
.
I can turn to my friend for help.
.
It is my turn to read the text.
.
. - - : . :
hand , arm ,
foot (feet) - , leg - , , .
Hands up! !
My legs hurt me. .

Take Pat by the arm. Pat .

I got wet my feet. .

:
[] her girl turn work [] pot spot from want

[] port sport form warm all ball

r , , :
The star is far. The car is smart. The bar is in the park. The fir is green. This sport is good for us.
It is good for all people. Is Tom a cat or a dog? Is Pat a boy or a girl? Is Dirk a kitten or a puppy?
7. :

take plane paint train may can bad that apple at car park garden far mark yard
see green eat read red ten pen desk well her herb verb person perfect serve
pie fine nine five like ill little milk drink big this with girl bird first fir
go no home coat hot dog box stop for form storm sport or fork work
pupil suit student blue fruit June bus must trust cup curds turn purse surname

26

 8. -:

We must play sports. We need sport. I see a fine fir. Can you paint this green fir? Ann can paint
well. She is a ute person. Her garden is not far. Ann can work well. I like her work. Her girl is in
the fist form. May I see her girl? May I feed her red bird? We need curds for the bird. You may take
my red purse. I see Pat. I can read her surname. Her car is not far. I see her car. Her car must turn.
9. :

The first girl is Lorna. We like her. May I take a cake for her? That girl is Ursula. Her surname is
First. She is a nurse. Is it Marty or Irma? Marty is in the park. Marty is a fine girl. I like to play with
her. I like her cat Bert, her little puppy Curtis and her bird. The girl must feed her pets well.
: r,
: carry [ kr
] berry [ ber
]
mirror [ m
r] sorry [ sr
] hurry [ hr
]
:
: Carrie [ kr
] ; : Harry [ hr
] ,
Jerry [ r
] , Perry [ p er
] , Morris [ mr
s]
10. :

Harry must hurry.

Carrie must not hurry.
The girl can take a red berry.
May I take the mirror?
We must hurry.
May I carry the big bag?
Jerry can carry that big bag.
Morris is sorry for Jerry.
He must help Perry.

.
.
.
?
.
?
.
.
.

: , . .
, .
:
Mark Green Jake Reed Bill Purse ( ).
: Mr [ m
st] , ;
Mrs [ m
s
z] , : Mr Green , Mrs Red
- Miss: Miss Bird

. spell - .

15. z, s
I. z [z]:
zip [z
p] zipper [z
p] - zoo [z]
jazz [z] ; : pizza [pts] pizzeria [,pts r
]
1. :

This jazz is fine.

Please, zip the coat.
The zipper is good for my suit.
Let us go to the zoo.
We often eat pizza in this pizzeria.

.
, , .
.
.
.
27

II. s ,
. [s] s:
same [se
m] some [sm] absent [ psnt]
desk , , ask [sk] answer [ns] ,
dress [dres] kiss [k
s] miss [m
s] ; lesson [lesn]
class [kls] pass [pss] , glass [glss] ,
2. :

Give me tea and some sweets.

I need the same.
We see some people in the yard.
They come at the same time.
They play the same game.
Its all the same to me.
Some people want to speak to you.

.
.
.
.
.
.
- .

3. :

My friend is apsent at the lesson.

May I ask you?
I will ask, you will answer.
I want to ask Bill for help.
I hope to get his answer.
Answer the bell please.
Pass me the glass.

.
?
, .
.
.
, .
.

III. s [s] [z]

. s .
[z] - is - his [h
z] as [z] has [hz] rose [ruz] season [szn]
please [plz] present [preznt] ; blouse [blauz]
music [mjz
k] use [jz] close [kluz]
[s] - bus [bs] us [s] , gas [ds] house [haus] mouse [maus]
case [ke
s] , base [be
s] baseball [ be
sbl]
basic [be
s
k] use [j s] close [klus]
4. :

some music basik bus his us as rose gas dress zipper pizza blouse same present
absent house ask kiss mouse case miss zoo lesson season purse pass jazz answer
5. :

Is Rose present?
As you see, she is absent.
Give her my present.
I miss this girl.
Kiss her, please.
Her house is close to the zoo.
You mustn't miss lessons.
Let us play baseball.

?
, .
.
.
, .
.
.
.

6. , :

Sam is absent. Rosa is absent too. Eve is present. We see a big house. The house is in this street.
The house has gas. We see a little mouse. The mouse is in that big house. Can you paint the mouse?
I can paint a rose. May I see this blue blouse? It is a good blouse. I want the same blouse.
28

VII. s [
], ( ):
usual [j
l] usually [j
l
] television [ tel
,v

n]
(TV [ t v]) television set [ tel
,v

nset] (TV-set [ t v
set])
7. :

It is a usual season.
Its my usual day.
We play as usual.
We usually play in the park.
I usually go home by bus.
People need the television.
We need a good television set.
Please, take this big TV-set.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, , .

IV. s (ss) [], ( ):

Asia [ e
] Russia [ r] Russian [rn] , pensioner
[ penn] sugar [ ug] sure [ u] surely [ ul
]
8. :

We live in Russia.
This man is from Russia.
Sam is from Asia.
He is a pensioner.
It is his usual day.
I like the Russian television.
We need tea and sugar.
Mike must not eat sugar. Is he sure?
Surely. Milk is his usual drink.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. ?
. .

9. , :

We live in Russia. Russia is big. I cannot leave Russia. Mark and Irma live in Asia. Bert cant speak
Russian. He can read Russian. We usually read Russian texts. Tom is a pensioner. He cannot work.
As usual he is in the garden. Tea is his usual drink. May I drink tea with sugar? Surely, you may.
10. .:

please usual sugar bus his television us rose Asia dress blouse present absent ask
house Russia mouse case miss pensioner lesson season sure usually say Russian answer
has some usually surelly pass pizza zip same class base sure absent music gas

16. to be.
to be - .
.
1. .

I must be in the garden.

The day may be good.
We cannot be sure.
It can be hot in June.
We want to be free.
I want to be a nurse.
Be ready!
Be sure!

.
, .
.
.
.
.
!
!
29

 to be , .
, : am [m], are [], is [
z].
I am a pupil. You are right. . He is Russian. .
, to be
I am happy. .
You are happy. .
He is happy. .
She is happy. .
It is happy. .

: (happy [ hp
] )
We are happy. .
You are happy. .
They are happy. .

2. .

I am a pupil. I am a student. I am from Russia. I am big. I am sure. I am in the park. I am glad.

You are a student. You are present. You are in the garden. You are from Asia. You are right.
We are pupils. We are happy. We are present. We are Russian students. We are in the park.
They are pensioners. They are absent. They are late. They are in the club. They are from Asia.
,
. :
I'm [a
m] you're [j] he's [hz] she's [z ] we're [w] they're [
]:
I'm sure. You're free. She's absent. He's sorry. We're glad. They're late.
not.
4. .

I am not late. I am not in the park. I am not a pupil. I am not from Asia. I am not happy. I am not ill.
You are not happy. You are not right. We are not absent. We are not students. We are not big.
They are not present. They are not sorry. They are not bad. They are not late. They are not little.
not :
is not - isn't [
znt] are not - aren't [nt]
5. .

Jack isn't at home. He is in the park.

Jill isn't at work. She is in the garden.
Tom isnt in the house. He is at work.

The men aren't in the house. They are in the yard.

Ann and Eve aren't in the car. They are at home.
The girls aren't in the club. They are in the garden.

to be .
Am I right?
Yes, I am. (Yes, you are.)
No, I am not. (No, you are not.)
Are you happy?
Yes, I am.
No, I am not.
Is Kate absent?
Yes, she is.
No, she is not.
Is Mike present?
Yes, he is.
No, he is not.
Is it a good pen?
Yes, it is.
No, it is not.
Are we pupils?
Yes, we are. (Yes, you are.) No, we are not. (No, you are not.)
Are you from Asia?
Yes, we are.
No, we are not.
Are they students?
Yes, they are.
No, they are not.
to be:
It is hot. .
I am hot. .
He is hot. .
It is cold. .
I am cold. .
She is cold. .
It is late. .
I am late. .
We are late. .
6. -:

. . . . .
? . . . ? . .
30

 - :

I [a
]
you [j]
he [h]
she []
it [
t]
we [w]
you [j]
they [e
]

me [m] ,
you [j] ,
him [h
m] ,
her [h] ,
it [
t] ,
us [s] ,
you [j] ,
them [em] ,

7. :

I see you. I can help you.

You see me. You can help me.
He sees her. He can help her.
She sees him. She can help him.
It is there. I see it. I can help it.
We see you. We can help you.
You see us. You can help us.
They see them. They can help them.

. .
. .
. .
. .
. . .
. .
. .
. .

,
. :
I play with Jane. I like to play with her.
. .
I miss Ann. This red rose is for her.
. .
it , , , ,
. .
I see a cap. It is green.
. .
I see a suit. It is blue.
. .
I see a dress. It is red.
. .
It :
It is a house. .
It is a street. . It's Dave. .
It :
It is hot. .
It is June. . Its bad. . It's fine! !
, he she:
Is Sam a student? Yes, he is.
Is Jane a pupil? No, she isn't.
it.
, he she.
It , :
Is it a house? Yes, it is.
Is this house big? No, it isn't. Is it hot in June? Yes, it is.
8. :

1. Is the cup blue? 2. Is the suit green? 3. Is Oleg a Russian man? 4. Is the bird little?
5. Is Kate big? 6. Is the house fine? 7. Is the girl ill? 8. Is the dress red? 9. Is it cold?
10. Are we in Russia? 11. Are they absent? I2. Are they late? 13. Are you sorry?
9. :

1. Is that cup red? 2. Is that suit blue? 3. Is Tom a Russian man? 4. Is the bird big?
5. Is Kate glad? 6. Is the house big? 7. Is the girl ill? 8. Is the dress blue? 9. Is it hot?
10. Are we in Asia? 11. Are they present? 12. Are they late? 13. Are you sorry?
31

 17. sh
I. sh []:
fish dish , wish , fresh shelf
she sheet () shirt short , ;
shop shut brush ,
[fi] [d
] [w
] [fre] [elf] [] [t] [t] [t] [p] [t] [br]

: Sheila [ l] , Shirley [ l
] ; : Josh []

1. . .

The shelf is short. My brush is on the shelf. Jane is short. Her dress is short. May Josh take a shirt?
That shirt is short. May I go to the shop? The shop is shut. Fish is a fine dish. They wish fresh fish.
2. :

please Asia bus short Russia dress fish shelf Russian shop us brush she sugar his
dish gas fresh rose sure pensioner his case season sheet shut shirt pass shelf usual
wish miss some same television short us dish lesson absent present ask answer glass
3. :

The blue shirt is too short.

Sheila is in the shop.
The shop is shut.
Take the brush from the shelf.
Can you fry the fish?
She must not eat that fish.
Fish is my usual dish.
I wish you well.

.
.
.
.
?
.
.
.

4. :

We live in Russia.
We are Russian people.
I like Russian.
I can speak Russian well.
May I see the Russian girl?
She cannot speak Russian.
Speak Russian, please!
The man is from Russia.

.
.
.
-.
?
-.
, -.
.

5. -:

. . ? .
. , . . .
? . .

18. of, in, on, at, to, by

I. of [v] :
a cup of tea
a cube of sugar
a sheet of paper
a lot of fruits
a box of sweets
a fan of jazz
the name of the man
the name of the dog
the name of the street
the name of the game
the title of the tale
the title of the book
most of us
most of people
most of all
best of all
32

 1. :

Tell us the name of this man.

Read the title of the book.
Give the kid a box of sweets.
Most of us live in this street.
Most of people need friends
My friend Dan is best of all.
Dan is a fan of his home team.
We like computer games most of all.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

2. -:

May I take a cup of tea? Please, take a cube of sugar. I like sweets most of all. Give us that box of
sweets. I need a sheet of paper. My friends wish a lot of roses. The name of that man is Mike. This
student is best of all. The name of that little dog is Ken. The name of this fine street is Arbat. The
name of the game is tennis. I like this game most of all. Most of my people can play this game well.
II. in - -:
in the pan in the cup in the bag in the box in the bus in the text in the file in the yard
in the purse in the park in the garden in the house in the car in the world in this season
in Russia in Asia in June in April in May in need in hospital
in the street in the tree in the sky in the sun
III on - -:
on the desk on the shelf on the mat on the plate on the table on the sofa on the stove
on the right side on the left side on foot
3. :

We are in the park.

You can see me in June.
The short brush is on the shelf.
The fresh fish is in that dish.
The big plate is on the table.
This fat cat is on the mat.
The bird is in the tree.
The green case is on the desk.
We cannot leave Mike in need.

They are in the garden.

Mark Green is in Asia.
The sheet of paper is in the file.
The fruit is on the plate.
That high table is in the garden.
That bad cat is on the hat.
That high tree is in the park.
Mike is in hospital.
My blue purse is in the big bag.

IV. at [t] ,
at the cup at the plate at the car at the tree at the sea at the house at the desk at the table
at - - , ,
at work at home to buy [ba
] at the shop
at school [skl] : in the lesson , at the lesson
to be good at -
4. :

The bag is at the desk. The blue pen is at the box. The mat is at the bed. The fat man is at the car.
That big car is at the house. Josh is at work. Sheila is at home. We are at home too. The boys are at
school. Are you at school? We read books in the lesson. Sam and Irma speak Russian in the lesson.
Bert is good at Russian. Ned usually sits at the first desk. We buy fish and sugar at this big shop.
V. to [t] ,
to the park to the garden to the yard to the street to the shop to the zoo to the club
to the left to the right to work to school to bed
33

 5. :

We like to go to the park.

I usually go to the garden in May.
You must go to school.
Josh must go to the shop.
May he turn to the right?
May we go to the street?

They like to go to the park too.

We can go to the garden in April.
Pete must go to work.
He can go to the shop by car.
He must turn to the left.
Its late. You must go to bed.

VI. by [ba
] , , -
by the lake by the sea a tale by Bunin
by train by plane by bus by tram
day by day little by little by turns
6. . :

We work day by day. Little by little we try to read. I read books by Green. Must we read by turns?
My best friends live by the lake. They go to school by bus. Josh and Ann go to the garden on foot.
7. . :

I see a little bird in the tree. We go often to the garden. This garden is at the sea. Its fine to go to
the sea by car. Bert and Josh like to go to that shop. They usually buy fresh fish at the shop. You
can buy a lot of fruits at that shop. I need a sheet of paper and a pen. The red pen is on the shelf.
8. . :

. .
. . ?
. . .

19.
-s (-es).
e , a []:
name - names [ne
mz], sofa sofas [ sufz] . E
[s], [z], [], [
z]. :
[s] :
plates streets suits coats cats cups desks parks shops forks sports students presents
[z] :
names tables pies ties pupils dogs cars girls birds herbs forms lessons gardens zoos
[
z] s, z, sh, x :
cases buses dresses purses roses houses blouses brushes dishes fishes wishes boxes
y, ,
i, es:
berry [ ber
] - berries [ ber
z] puppy puppies [ pp
z] fly - flies [fla
z]
y , :
day - days [de
z]
play plays [ple
z] boy - boys [b
z] .
1. , :

green streets little girls fine birds blue suits usual plans fresh roses good ties big flies
ten houses red coats simple texts big cups hot dishes red berries bad boxes big boys
hot days cold nights old books new computers little purses kind people cute students
2. :

red

green blue little big five fresh fine ill

34

six hot

 : - fruit, - fruits; - fish,

fishes; curd , . : curds
, :
mouse [maus] - mice [ma
s] man [mn] - men [men]
woman [wumn] - women [w
mn]
foot [fut] - feet [ft] shelf [elf] - shelves [elvz]
:
people [ppl] jeans [nz] shorts [ts]

, - :
. : , .
. : money [ mn
] clock [klk]
3. . :

cup park shop man dog suit rose girl house mouse berry woman dish foot
4. . -.

I like green parks. I like little birds. Cats like mice. Birds like herbs. Men like cars. Women like
roses. Girls like fine dresses. Little girls like dolls. People eat hot dishes. Pupils read simple texts.
Jane and Josh need money. Dave and Pete need jeans, shirts and shorts. I paint big cars and buses.
5. -:

. , , , .
. . . .
? ? .

20.
(Present Simple) -s (-es) 3
, , -s (-es)
. e .
[s] takes makes likes helps paints eats speaks sits shuts asks
[z] trains rains lives sees needs reads plans turns plays tries fries carries hurries
[
z] dresses kisses misses passes brushes fishes wishes
1. .

Bill lives in a big house.

Bill needs blue jeans.
Sheila shuts the shop.
Flo speaks Russian well.
Joe reads little texts well.
Pete usually hurries.
It rains in June.
The boy plays sports.
Meg tries to play sports.
Shirley dresses well.

.
.
.
-.
.
.
.
.
Meg .
.

:
answer [ns] answers [nsz] answers [nsz]
Sam asks, Tom answers.
, .
Ann answers well.
.
Her answers are right.
.
Rose anwers the bells.
.
Pete answers for the game.
.
35

 to say [se
] 3 . . .: says [sez] .

2. .

Jake says he needs a car.

Bob says he fishes in the lake.
Josh says Russian words well.
Ann says she gets good marks.
Lorna says she is good at Russian.

, .
, .
.
, .
, .

3. . -s (es) , .

Kate feed her birds. Her birds eat fruit. The cat eat fish. Ann miss her dog. She go to
the park. The girls play sports. Mark must train. Meg need a brush. She can paint well.
Sam live in Asia. He like to fish in May. He miss his girl. It rain in May.
- 3 :
do [d] - does [dz] ; have [hv] - has [hz]
have got
4. :

I have got a friend

My friend has got five birds.
Morna has got a little mouse.
We have got a lot of pets.

.
.
.
.

5. :

Russ can do sums.

He can do it well.
I cannot do it.
We usually do sports.
Bill does sports too.
He does his work in the garden.
He does this work well.
He usually does his homework well.

.
.
.

.
.
.
.

go [gu] - goes [guz] do [d] - does [dz].

6. :

We go to Asia.
They cannot do it.
Kate goes to the park.
The girl does sports.
Ann does her work.
Pete goes to Russia.
He does it in June.
I like to go to the zoo.
We like to do it.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

7. -:

We have a dog. Eve has a nice cat. We train the pets. We do it well. Dave and Jake like to go to
the park. Jane goes to the garden. She does her work well. Sheila works in June. Pete has two dogs.
He trains his dogs. He feeds his pets well. He says his dogs like meat. Irma plays sports in the park.
8. -:

. . .
. . .
,, . . . .
36

 21. ng, nk. ing

I. ng []:
sing spring bring long song strong
hang ; king ring , morning evening
[s
] [spr
] [br
] [l] [s] [str] [h] [k
] [r
] [mn
] [vn
]
: Eng [e] Irving [ v
]
1. :

Good morning, Irving!

Good evening, Eng!
We train in the morning.
They read in the evenings.
Spring is a fine season.
Birds sing in spring.
Spring brings rain.
Hang the coat on the stand.
Please, bring me a cube of sugar.
Bring a cup of strong tea.

, !
, !
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
.

II. ng [g]:
angry [ gr
] hungry [ hgr
] hunger [ hg]
England [
glnd] English [
gl
]
Englishman [
gl
mn] English woman [ wumn]
Englishmen [
gl
mn] English people
2. :

It's evening.
The evening is fine.
The day is long.
Eng is in England.
Harry is hungry.
Irving is angry.
Are you angry with me?
King Kong cannot sing.
Bring him strong tea.

.
.
.
.
.
.
?
.
.

3. :

English is fine.
I like English.
I can say it in English.
We can speak English.
Eng is from England.
English people like songs.
The girls can sing English songs.
The like to sing evenings.
See you in the evening!

.
.
-.
-.
.
.
.
.
!

III. nk [k]:
bank banker blank frank
sink , uncle
[bk] [blk] [frk] [dr
k] [s
k] [kl]
: Frank [frk] Duncan [ dkn]

37

drink ,

 4. :

Uncle Frank is in the bank.

Uncle Dunkan is a banker.
Are you frank with me?
I like frank people.
Take a blank sheet from the file.
We drink tea in the morning.
Tea is a fine drink.
Please, bring a cup for uncle Frank.
The cup is in the sink.

.
.
?
.
.
.
.
, .
.

5. -:

We speak English in the lessons. Russian pupils like English lessons. They like English songs. I
cannot speak English well. I can speak English a little. We must read and speak English. I like to
train in the evening. Uncle Eng is an Englishman. He lives in England. He is a banker. Uncle Oleg
is Russian. The men can meet in spring. I like spring. Spring is a fine season. Be frank with me.
6. -:

. . .
. : " !" : " !"
-? . .
c -ing [
]. ,
, : read reading , ;
meet - meeting , ; train training
do - doing [ d
] , ;
go - going [ gu
] , ;
answer [ns] - answering [nsr
] ,
ring - ringing interest [
ntrst] interesting [
ntrst
]
:
1. ,
ing.
sit sitting
shop shopping
stop stopping
Shut shutting
2. e -ing:
take taking
make making
have having
Live living
3. y -ing:
play playing
stay staying
try trying
hurry hurrying

Carry carrying

4. lie ; , tie , die

lie lying [la

]
tie tying [ta

]
die dying [da

]
8. :

Stop reading!
My reading is not good.
The bell is ringing.
We like playing tennis.
I hate frying fish.
My friend hates going shopping.
She likes doing her homework.
I like the girl living in this house.
We see the boy sitting at that desk.
See you at the meeting.

!
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
, .
.
38

 9. :

The king is dying.

This is his dying wish
I am dying to see you.
We are dying of hunger.
I see a dog lying on the sofa.
Let sleeping dog lie.
I cannot stand lie.
Lies have short legs.

.
.
.
.
.
, .
.
.

10. :

a long song a strong boy a strong drink a big sink a frank man a hungry dog an angry man
a long training a long meeting an interesting book an interesting film an interesting game
an English film an English book a new English dress a little Englishman a fine English woman
the long spring the cold spring the cool morning the long evening the old England
: to be + going to - :
I am going to swim in the sea.
.
We are going to sing the song.
.
Jane is going to do sports .
.
My friends are going to play tennis.
.
It is going to rain.
.

22.
.
, not .
1. :

I cannot leave my friend in need. You cant live in that house. Eng may not take the cakes. We may
not eat fish. We must not meet Josh. You mustnt say this bad word. They mustnt stay at home.
, not -.
2. :

I am not from England.

You are not frank with me.
Irving is not a student.
Shirley is not in the first form.
It isnt hot in spring.
We are not late.
You are not right.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

,
do (does) + not.
3. :

I do not go to school in the morning.

I do not work in the garden in May.
You do not do sports.
We do not go to the sea.
My friends do not play table-tennis.
Eng does not speak English.
Sheila does not go to the park.
It does not often rain in May.

.
.
.
.
.
-.
.
.
39

 do (does) not
: dont [dunt], doesn't [dznt]
4. :

I dont need that bag.

I dont speak English.
You dont read the text at home.
Josh doesnt do his homework.
Jane doesnt do sums.
It doesnt rain in April.
The pupils dont get bad marks.

.
-.
.
.
.
.
.

do + not (don't).
5. :

Do not speak Russian in the lesson.

Do not miss English lessons.
Please dont leave me.
Dont do this please!
Dont be rude.
Dont be angry with me.
Dont smoke please.

- .
.
, .
, .
.
.
, .

.
. , never [nev]
.
Never tell lies. .
Never play this game. .
have not no:
have not (haven't [hvnt], has not (hasnt), have no, has no.
I have no flat. We have no house. He has no home. I have not a flat. We have not a house.
have (has) got not.
6. :

We havent a cat.
Dave has not a bag.
I have no red pen.
You havent got a blue pen.
They havent got good friends.
Polly hasnt got a fine dress.

.
.
.
.
.
.

7. -:

-. .
. . . . .
. . . . .
to not.
8. :

Try not to cry.

Try not to sleep.
Try not to smile.
Tell Bill not to smoke.
Tell Nell not to open the box.

.
.
.
.
.
40

: to be, to do, to have ( have/has got),

, ,
.
9. :

Are you hungry?

Is Dan angry with us?
Do you like fresh milk?
Does Jake need a cube of sugar?
Do you have strong tea?
Does Eng have a pet?
Have you got a big bag?
Has Morna got a good friend?

?
?
?
?
?
.
?
?

23. g
I. g [g]:
green game glad glade gas go big
bag egg garden dog leg good god give
get gift girl begin [b
g
n] grey [gre
]
[g] : Guss [gs] c Greg [greg]
: Gussie [ gs
] Margaret [ mgrit]
1. :

The day is grey. I see a grey dog in the garden. The legs of the dog are big. Give that big green bag.
Greg and Gussie begin the game. They are glad to play in the glade. Margaret is a good girl. That
girl gets good gifts from Greg. Greg trains Margaret. She is good at sports. Guss is glad to see us.
get.
.
2. :

I usually get good marks.

My friend will get a prize.
I like to get good gifts.
Can you get some money?
I am going to get a new bag.
We can get home by tram.
It is getting cold.
You can get cold.

.
.
.
?
.
.
.
.

II. g e, i, y, []:
age [e
] page [pe
] cage [ke
] stage [ste
] agent [ e
nt]
agency [ e
ns
] badge [b] large [l] bridge [br
]
orange [ r
n] vegetables [ vetblz] gym [
m] region [ rn]
entl] gentleman [ entlmn]
register [ re
st] gentle [ 
mn] , Germany [ mn
]
German [ 
: give get gift girl begin
[] : George [ ] Gene [n]
: Gemma [ em] Angela [ nl]

41

 3. :

game page sing gym long age bring stage green cage garden agent glad orange
bag bridge get vegetables gift badge give large girl German begin register region
4. :

We need a large cage.

The cage is on the stage.
Please, give me the register.
Gemma and Gene are German.
The girl is of my age.
I need a friend of my age.
Gemma has got a fine badge.
Angela and Gemma go to the gym.
The gym is large.
The girls begin the game in the gym.

.
.
, , .

.
.
.
.

.

5. :

I see an old gentleman in the gym.

This gentleman is from Germany.
George is a gentleman.
The man of middle age is Gene.
Gene is his agent.
This agency is in Germany.

.
.
.
.
.
.

6. :

We live in a large house.

Angela has got a large dog.
You can see a bridge is on my badge.
The bridge is large.
We eat fruit and vegetables.
The vegetables are fine.
George doesnt eat oranges.
Read the text on page five.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

-age, [
]:
image [
m
] village [ v
l
] marriage [ mr
]
bandage [ bnd
] cabbage [ kb
] cottage [ kt
]
III. a nge [e
]:
strange [stre
n] , stranger [ sre
n] danger [ de
n]
7. :

age strange image page danger village stage stranger marriage agent bandage cabbage
get bridge girl large cottage gift vegetables begin register gym give orange region
8. :

Give me an orange please.

Angela is in danger.
We need a large bandage.
Gemma likes pies with cabbage.
Gene has a large cottage in that village.
The village is not large.
The cottage is not far from the bridge.
George is a stranger in this region.

, , .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
42

 :
[n] strange danger stranger
[] hang sing spring bring evening song strong long
[g] angry hungry English England Englishman
9. :

This strong man is in danger. He is a stranger in this region. Is Gene a German agent? He often goes
to Germany. Its strange. My friends have a cottage in a large village. We like to work in that large
garden. Are you hungry? I can give you fresh vegetables. We can go to the gym in the evening.
[] :
algebra [ l
br] geometry [
m
tr
]
geography [
grf
] biology [ba
l
]
subject [sb
kt] (favourite [fe
vr
t] )
10. :

We have a lot of subjects.

My favourite subject is algebra.
I am good at algebra.
I am not good at geography.
Gene gets good marks in biology.
Gemma gets fives in geometry.
We like geography and geometry.
I dont like algebra.
Biology is an interesting subject.

.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.

11. :

A large cage a large stage a large village a large cottage a large gym a large bridge
A large badge a large region a large yard a large park a large garden a large flat
A new agent a good agent a strong agent a strange agent an angry agent an English agent

24. c
I. c [k]:
cake case cream clean coat cloak
close cold cube cute music an cat
cup cub club cut uncle car carry
cork strict disco camp cabbage cottage
come offee [ kf
] caf [ kfe
] October [k tub] .
II. ck [k]:
back [bk] , black [blk] socks [sks] clock [klk]
luck [lk] pack [pk] packet [pk
t] jacket [k
t] ,
1. -:

It is cold in October. We need warm coats, cloaks and jackets. You can go to the caf and drink a
cup of black coffee. I drink coffee with cream. Bring me a cake and a cube of sugar. We like to go
to the disco. We come back not late. My friend goes to the music club. My uncle must clean the
car. May I carry the case? Close the box, please. I must clean the desk. You are cute. Cut the apple.
c [k] : Alec [ l
k] Carl [kl]
Colin [ kl
n] Jack [k] Dick [d
k] Nick [n
k] ;
: Carrie [ kr
] Cora [ kr] Jackie [ k
]
43

 2. :

It is twelve o'clock.
The clock is on the shelf.
At ten o'clock I go back.
Nick must pack black socks.
Pack the black jacket.
Give me that packet.
Bring me a pack of sugar.
I will come back in October.
Good luck, Jack!

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, !

III. e, i, y, [s]:
face [fe
s] place [ple
s] peace [ps] piece [ps] city[ s
t
]
cinema [ s
nem] nice [na
s] mice [ma
s] slice [sla
s]
ice [a
s] icicle [a
s
kl] pencil [pensl] pencil-box [penslbks]
juice [s] concert [ knst] December [d
semb]
cycle [sa
kl] , (. bicycle [ ba
s
kl])
c [s] : Bruce [brs] Cecil [sesl] ;
: Alice [ l
s] Nancy [ nns
] Lucy [ ls
]
3. :

Bruce likes to go to the cinema. Cecil likes to go to concerts. Nancy likes to cycle. Alice likes juice
and ice-cream. My cat likes mice. Lucy has a nice face. Cecil needs a black pencil. I can see Cecil
in October. You can see Alice in December. We live in a large city. Give me a piece of bread.
4. :

black cat clock cup back car pack clean sock case jacket cream luck club disco coat cloak
city peace nice face piece mice cinema ice icicle place pencil cycle slice juice concert
5. :

Do you like the juice?

We like fruit juices.
Please bring a cube of ice.
Lucy is in her place.
Her place is at the first desk.
This place is nice.
May we go to the concert?
The concert takes place at six oclock.
The girls like to paint nice faces.
Uncle Bruce likes to cycle.

?
.
, .
.
.
.
?
.
.
.

: c :
Moscow [ msku] Africa [ fr
k] America [ mer
k]
Canada [ knd] Scotland [ sktlnd] Greece [grs]
6. :

Colin and Cora live in Canada. Carl lives in America. America is far from Moscow. Africa is far
from America. Nick must go to Scotland in October. Alice must go to Greece in December. Is Lucy
from Greece? Nancy is from Greece. I am from Russia. We live in Moscow. Moscow is a nice city.
IV. c []:
special [spel] social [sul] sociable [subl]
ocean [un] ; : Alicia [ li] Patricia [p tr
]
44

 7. :

Alicia and Patricia are friends.

They live not far from ocean.
Alicia likes to swim in the ocean.
The girls are sociable.
Alec is not sociable.
He is special.
Uncle Nick needs a special car.
Sorry. We havent got a special car.
The people need social help.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.

8. -:

. . .
. . .
. . . .
, , . .
25. .
I. , ,
, s
. s :
[s] - : cat's name
[z] - : the girl's name
[
z] - : Rose's dress
, ,
, :
1. :

My friends name is Tom.

Toms surname is Grey.
Neds house is close to the park.
Roses new dress is nice.
Bruces case is black.
Mikes suit is dark.
Alecs car is not far from the park.
The dogs cub is a puppy.
The cats cub is a kitten.

.
- .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

, -s,
, -s:
2. :

The students' books are on that desk.

The girls coats hang on the stand.
The boys bags are in that room.
My friends places are on the left side.
The kids toys are in the room.
I like my friends songs.

.
.
.
.
.
.

of:
the part of the yard
the back of the book
a piece of bread
a slice of ham
45

 :
, - of:
the room of my friend
my friend's room
-, - .
.
I - my [ma
] , , , ; you - your [j] , , , , , , , ;
he - his ; she - her ; it - its , ( , );
we - our [u] , , , ;
they - their [e] .
3. :

my home my dog my cats my garden your house your face your cup your friends
his case his suits his tie his girl his pencil her dresses her blouse her coat her brushes
our city our house our school our lessons our desks their village their places their help
4. :

You are my friend. I am your friend. I need your help. May I take your car? Your pencils are nice.
May I see your brushes? My brush is long, your brush is short. May I see your case? I like your
case. My case is bad. May I take your case? You may take my black bag. I dont like your bag.
5. . :

Our city is large. Our house is big. Their house is little. Our street is long. Their street is short. Our
place is nice. Their place is nod bad. Our friends are in Moscow. Their friends are in Canada. They
need our help. We need their help. We like their songs. They like our songs. They are our friends.
.
, , , .
6. :

May I bring my pencil?

You may take your bag.
He likes his place.
We miss our friends.
They play their games.

?
.
.
.
.

: :
my - mine [ma
n] your - yours [jz] his - his her - hers [hz] its - its
our - ours [uz] your - yours [jz] their - theirs [ez]
,
.
, .
7. :

The green pencil is mine.

The blue pencil is yours.
The black file is hers.
This place is his.
The long brushes are ours.
The short brushes are yours.
The large bags are theirs.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

8. -:

You have no pencil. You may take mine. That pencil is fine. She has no case. May she take yours?
Your case is big. They have no nice songs. They can sing ours. Our songs are nice. The places are
not yours. They are theirs. You must go to your places. The girls are absent. This desk is theirs.
46

 9. -:

? . .
. . .
. . . .

26. ch (tch)
I. ch (tch) []:
catch [k] match [m] , peach [p] teacher [ t ]
cheap [p] chips [
ps] cheese [z] chess [es] bench [ben]
check [ek] chicken [ 
k
n] kitchen [k
n] children
[ 
ldrn] child [a
ld] lunch [ln] much [m] March [m]
chocolate [ klt] , church [] change [e
n] , ;
: China [ a
n] , Chile [ 
l
] ;
: Richard [ r
d] ; : Rachel [ re
l]
1. :

chess cheese much match cheap chocolate check child children chickens chips change
peach lunch bench kitchen teacher check match March Chile China Rachel Richard
2. :

[
z]: faces places slices juices peaches benches teachers

[z]: clubs cinemas kitchens chickens cycles pencils
[s]: cakes packets jackets discos chocolates

matches

lunches churches

: much
: much milk much tea much coffee much juice much sugar much cheese
many [ men
]:
many people many children many women many men many mice many chocolates
3. :

Rachel is our teacher. She teaches English. Our teacher is strict. She checks our works. Rachel
teaches many children. The children like their teacher. Richard is her child. Richard is a cute child.
Rachel teaches him to play chess. Richard likes chocolates and peaches. Rachel and Richard must
go to China in March. Rachel must teach children in China. We say: Good luck, Rachel!
4. :

We eat cheese and chips for lunch.

May I change the cheese?
Take your change, please.
I have much change.
Pat likes chocolates.
Can the children catch the bus?
Our cat can catch mice.
This child can catch cold.

.
?
, , .
.
.
?
.
.

5. :

Strike the match! Catch the matchbox.

Dont play with matches.
The tennis-match takes place in March.
The chess-match takes place in May.
Many people go to the church.

! .
.
.
.
.
47

 6. :

I need matches. The matches are on that bench. May I strike a match? Children mustnt play with
matches. We have lunch at twelve oclock. We need chickens, chips, cheese and peaches for lunch.
The chips are cheap the cheese is not cheap. The peaches are not cheap. I like tea with chocolates.
May I change the bench? The large bench is in the kitchen. You must clean the kitchen.
II. ch [k]:
ache [e
k] chronic [ krn
k] technical [ tekn
kl]
school [skl] mechanic [m
kn
k] Christmas [ kr
sms]
character [ krkt] orchestra [k
str] scheme [skm] ,
chemist [ kem
st] , chemistry [ kem
str
] chemists shop
7. :

My feet ache. It is a chronic ache.

I have a head ache.
Please, go to the chemists.
The chemists shop is far.
The children go to school.
It is a technical school.
The school has a good orchestra.
We are good at chemistry.

. .
.
.
.
.
.
.

III. ch []:
machine [m n] , chandelier [ ,nd
l
]
8. :

We have got a fine chandelier.

Give me the scheme of the house.
I go to Riga on Christmas.
Merry Christmas!
My uncle is a mechanic.
I like his gentle character.
We need a special machine.
This make of machine is good.

.
.
.
!
.
.
.
.

9. -.

fresh cheese cheap fish fresh peaches cheap sugar little chickens fine cakes nice faces
little churches large schools technical schools special machines good charactres chronic ache
10. :

cheese face cake check ocean much ache back school lunch nice machine piece ice
: ch :
Charles [lz] Charley [ l
] Chris [kr
s] Christina [kr
stn]
Michael [maikl] Charlotte [ lt]
11. :

Charles teaches English. Rachel teaches English too. Richard teaches algebra. Christina teaches me
to play chess. Chris teaches geometry. Michael teaches geography. Charlotte teaches biology.
12. -:

. . . . . .
. - . .
48

 27.
, a, e, i, o, u
re.

are
[e]

care hare share ,

spare parents prepare
compare area [ erk] ,

ore []

more bore store

shore sore score ,

[] are - to be

[a]: there [e] ,

where [we]
[] were [w]

ere [
]

Here

ire [a
]
ure [ju]

fire tire tired

pure ( ) cure

[u] sure [u]

1. , :

[ke] [e] [he] [ prnts] [pr
p] [km p] [spe] [h
]

[m] [sk] [b] [st] [] [ fa
] [ ta
] [ ta
d] [pj] [kj]
2. :

care hare share spare parents prepare compare area are here there where were
fire tire tired more bore store score sore shore pure cure sure
car care her here there fir fire storm store purse pure sure
3. :

We are here. You are there. My parents are here. Your parents are there. Janes parents live in this
area. Her parents need much care. We can compare our texts. I can prepare some apple juice.
:
to take care ; to share this opinion [ p
n
n]
4. :

Parents take care of their children.

Children must take care of their parents.
Do you share my opinion?
We can share our money.
I am ready to share with you.
I share the room with my sister.
Do your share of the work.
Have you got a pen to spare?
I spend all my spare time in the garden.

.
.
?
.
.
.
.
?
.

5. :

Where were you? We were here. Where were they? They were there. Were your parents with you?
My parents were in the garden. Where is your garden? Were you in your garden in spring? We were
not in our garden in spring. We were at home. Our friends were in England. They were happy to go
there. They were there with their parents. Where were your friends in spring? They were here.

49

 here there :
Here is your money! !
Here you are! , !
Here I am! !
There you are! !
6. :

Take a match and make up fire.

Dont play with fire.
My uncle Michael is a fireman.
The English lessons tire me.
The children got tired of training.
Are you tired? I am sick and tired of this work.

.
.
Mo .
.
.
? .

7. :

The store is on the shore of the sea.

I like the store more and more.
We need more cakes.
They cannot give us more.
The games bore the children.
I am bored. The lesson is boring.
My cat has a sore on the leg.
Can Chris cure my cat?
You need a good cure.
This dress is made of pure silk.
Are you sure?

.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
?
.
.
?

8. :

We see a hare in the cage. Hares need much care. My parents share my opinion. I feed the hare and
take care of it. Where can I see Jane? Is she here? She is there in the garden. The garden is not far
from here. It is on the shore of the lake. You can go there by bus. Are you tired? This work tires me.
:
cake
he
file
so
pupil

cat
help
fill
stop
puppy

car
her
fir
storm
purse

care
here, there
fire
store
pure, sure

9. :

plane hate rain pain pan bad that apple star park far are spare share hare parent
meet tree clean read red ten pen well her herb verb person here there where were
tie fine nine five like will ring milk big this with girl bird first fir fire tire tired
so go rose coat hot dog box for form storm sport or work sore more bore score
cute student blue fruit June must trust cup curds turn purse surname pure cure sure

28. .
.
. :
again [ gen] against [ genst] away [ we
] advice [d va
s]
advise [d va
z] afraid [ fre
d] agree [ gr]
adore [ d] about [ baut] behave [b
he
v]
50

 1. :

We must train again and again.

I can say it again.
I am not against this plan.
You must behave well.
Do you agree with me?
I dont agree with my parents.
My teacher doesnt agree with me.
I advise Chris to go away.
You can give me a good advice.
I take your advice.

.
.
.
.
?
.
.
.
.
.

2. :

Are you afraid of me? Dont be afraid.

The child is afraid of this dog.
Take the dog away.
I adore this cute dog.
Tell me about your pet.
I adore my little kitten.
My friend adores sport.
It is a good activity.

? .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

3. :

We speak about our school. We speak about our house. They speak about their teacher. They speak
about their friends. Tell me about your friend. Tell me about your parents. I can tell you about our
club. You must tell me about your city. I like to read books about children. Reading is a good
activity. I adore this activity. I can say again and again: reading is interesting. We agree.
-er []:
train trainer
paint - painter
work worker
teach teacher
clean cleaner
read reader
speak speaker
sing singer ,
er or ar re our []:
winter [ w
nt]
Summer [ sm]
sister [ s
st]
supper [ sp]
dinner [ dkn]
letter [ let] ,
actor [ kt]
doctor [ dokt]
mirror [ mkr]
dollar [ dol]
collar [ kol]
grammar [ grm]
centre [ sent]
litre [ lkt]
metre [ mt]
colour [ kl]
favour [ fekv]
neighbour [ nekb]
[] -s:
sisters [ s
stz] actors [ ktz] dollars [ dlz] centres [ sentz] letters [ letz]
4. :

My sister teaches me to read.

She is a good teacher.
Charley is an actor.
We send letters to England.
They adore Russian winter.
Michael needs ten dollars.

.
.
.
.
.
.
51

 4. :

I like to train in summer.

Our trainer is strict.
The children need good trainers.
We eat meat for dinner and supper.

.
.
.
.

,
, r :
5. :

The summer is fine.

Winter is a nice season.
The actor is in favour.
Take a litre of milk.
I need a metre of silk.
The colour of the collar is nice.
My neighbour is ill.
The doctor is away.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

y [
] ly [l
] :
rain rainy
luck lucky
day daily
week weekly
nice nicely
bad badly
usual usually
friend friendly
6. :

The day is rainy. It rains daily. I dont like rainy days. Charles works badly. Charlotte paints nicely.
She is a good painter. She is usually at home. Chris is friendly. I like friendly people. Michael is a
lucky man. Are you lucky? I am not lucky. We usually play in the park. I go to the garden weekly.
7. -:

. . . .
. . .
. . .

29. y -
I. y [j]:
yes you your yard [jd] young [j] ,
yet [jet] yellow [ jelu] year [j
] yogurt [ jgt] yoga [ jug]
1. :

a bad year a good year many years five years six years nine years ten years twelve years
a young man a young woman a young girl a young boy young people young children
2. :

Your yard is green. Your yard is large. Our yard is not large. I like to play in our yard. We cycle in
the yard. Young people play tennis in the yard. This man is young and strong. That woman is not
young. The boy is young. My sister is young yet. Many young people do yoga. Young and old like
yogurt. Yogurt is a good drink. Give me a yellow cup. I like yellow colour. My jacket is yellow.
: y , , ,
: ye yo ya yu.
. , , ( ) .
52

 Yalta Yegor Yelena Yulya Yura Fyodor Yasha

Yana Vitya Valya Tolya Ilya Tatyana Semyon
How [hau] old is Yura? ?

He is five yeras old. .

3. :

How old is Yegor? Yegor is six years old. How old is Yasha? He is nine years old. How old are
you? I am ten years old. Yura is five.Yura and Yana are young. Yulya and Yasha play in the yard.
Vitya and Valya cycle in the yard. Semyon and Tanya live in Yalta. Tolya and Ilya are from Yalta.
II. y [a
]:
my sky fly , try , fry dry ,
cry why [wa
] shy type ; style [sta
l] ,
: ye, uy [a
]:
buy [ba
] guy [ga
] Good-bye! ! ye-bye! !
4. :

You must dry the dishes.

This summer is hot and dry.
Why is the sky blue?
Why can birds fly?
Why is the fly in my yogurt?
Dont cry, Lisa.
We will fly a kite.
Mike can buy a pie.
I can fry five eggs.
Try to fry fish well.
Dont be shy! You are a good guy.
Say "bye-bye" to your uncle.

.
.
?
?
?
, .
.
.
.
.
! .
: "."

III. y [
]:
system [ s
stm] symbol [s
mbl] Olympic [ l
mp
k]
: cycle [sa
kl]
syrup [ s
rp] typical [ t
p
kl]
5. :

yard my Yegor cry type typical yellow shy system fry young buy year yet
why style symbol Yulya cycle dry yoga try yogurt syrup fly guy Olympic
IV. ay, ey [e
]: they may day play
pay say way away stay grey -
6. :

May I stay with you? May I cycle in the yard? Can you buy a good cycle? I cannot pay for it. Why
are you afraid of my dog? You are a shy guy. May I drink a cup of yogurt? Why is a fly in my cup?
Take the yogurt away. The day is grey. Can you type well? I try to do it well. I like your style. I like
your system. The symbol of England is a red rose. The Olympic games have fine symbols.
V. oy [
]:
boy toy joy enjoy [
n 
]
annoy [ n
] destroy [d
s tr
] , ;
: Floy [fl
] ; : Floyd [fl
d] ,

53

Roy [r
]

 7. :

Floy has a nice toy. May I play with your toy? This toy is my joy. The boys have got many toys.
We enjoy the game. Floyd and Roy enjoy yoga. I enjoy speaking English. Floy enjoys reading.
This activity annoys Roy. That bad boy can destroy our game. He mustnt destroy my toys.
, y :
[a
] my fly sky shy cry dry try why type style buy guy bye-bye cycle
[e
] may day pay play say way away stay they grey
[
] boy toy joy enjoy annoy Roy Floyd Floy
8. :

may my toy stay try say boy cry grey buy they joy fry way why away fly
style symbol enjoy type Olympic annoy guy system day sky syrup shy destroy
VI. y [
]:
carry happy angry berry sorry hurry hungry
baby [ be
b
] lady [ le
d
] lazy [ le
z
] crazy [ kre
z
] marry
[ mr
] merry [ mer
] very [ ver
] every [ evr
] city
[ s
t
] duty [ djt
] story [ str
] sorry [ sr
] only [ unl
]
: rely [r
la
] reply [r
pla
] July [ la
]
9. :

The lady lives in a big city.

Her baby is very nice.
They are very happy.
Its a merry story.
Eng and Perry can marry.
We enjoy every happy day.
I wish you a merry Christmas!

.
.
.
.
.
.
!

10. :

I do my duty very well. I am not lazy.

Only you can help me.
Why is Chris on duty?
Must I reply? I can rely on him.
He mustn't be on duty in July.
He works like crazy every day.
I am sorry for Harry.
I am crazy about this actor.

. .
.
?
? .
.
.
.
.

, y, ,
i (+ es). y , :
lady - ladies baby - babies city - cities duty - duties berry - berries fly flies story - stories
day - days play - plays way ways boy - boys toy - toys
y i ,
: fly flies try tries.
10. :

The bird can fly. It flies well. The cock tries to fly. It flies badly. Can you dry the dishes? My sister
dries the dishes. The baby cries every day. Floy hurries. Floyd carries bags. Mike marries Polly.
They marry in July. Perry stays in the city. Roy plays tennis badly. His game annoys me.
54

V. ey [
]:
money [ mn
] honey [ hn
] monkey [ mk
] hockey [ hk
]
storey [ str
] turkey [ tk
] Turkey [ tk
] key [k]
trolley [ trl
] , ( trolley-bus [ trl
bas]).
11. :

We go to school by trolley.
May I take my key?
May I feed the monkey?
Buy a pot of honey and a turkey.
I have little money. I have only a dollar.
Take the money from the bag.
That guy buys jackets in Turkey.
They fly to Turkey every week.
We play hockey in winter.

.
?
?
.
. .
.
.
.
.

12. :

Are you hungry? You mustn't be angry. Try the fresh honey. I try to do my duties well. The boys
play hockey in December. They enjoy the game. Not every boy can play hockey. Hockey is my joy.
Can Roy buy toys for his babies? He can buy every toy. You may take my key. We go to Minsk by
train. Big cities annoy my friend. He flies to Turkey every summer. I can fly to Yalta in July.
13. -:

? .
? . . .
. . . .
. . .
very much :
We need very much tea.

They buy very much sugar.
.
, .
I like English very much.
.
This game annoys me very much.
.
I need that toy very much.
.
We enjoy the song very much.
.
I miss you very much.
.
.
Thank [k] you very much.

30. .
school
school
school
school
home

:
+ girl - schoolgirl [ sklgl]
+ boy - schoolboy [ sklb
]
+ yard - schoolyard [ skljd]
+ bag - schoolbag [ sklbg]
+ work - homework [ humwk]

to skate [ske
t] - skateboard [ ske
tbd] ;

side [sa
d] - sideboard [ sa
dbd] ; cup - cupboard [ kbd] ;
black - blackboard [ blkbd]
55

 , .
, .
pancake [ pnke
k] suitcase [ sjtke
s] ice-cream [ a
skrm]
kitchen-garden [,k
n gdn] pencil-box [ penslbks] time-table
hide-and-seek [ , ha
dn sk] merry-go-round [ mer
gu ,raund]
bus stop pocket money [ pk
tmn
]
shop window [ opw
ndu] pen pal [ penpl], (pen friend)
felt-tip pen [ felt
p pen] railway [ re
lwe
]
1. :

Schoolgirls and schoolboys are in the schoolyard. They like to play hide-and-seek. We like merrygo-round. The bus stop is not far from our school. Pete usually works in the kitchen-garden. His
sister does her homework in the morning. She can fry pancakes for lunch very well. Pete buys
ice-cream for his sister. It's good to have pocket money. May I take the suitcase and pack my suits?
room, case :
dining-room[da
n
rum] living-room [l
v
n
rum] bedroom
sitting-room cloakroom [klukrum] classroom [ klsrum]
bookcase [ bukke
s] suitcase[ sjtke
s]
:
foot + ball = football [futbl]
hand + ball = handball [hndbl]
basket [bsk
t] + ball = basketball [bsk
tbl]
volley [vl
] + ball = volleyball [vl
bl]
day. day
[d
] [de
]: holiday [ hl
d
], [ hl
de
]
today [t de
] birthday [ bde
] yesterday [ jestde
]
holiday [ hl
de
] holidays [ hl
de
z]
2. :

Today is my birthday.
Happy birthday to you!
The party is in the daytime.
Yesterday my uncle got money.
I like holidays.
We mustn't work on holidays.
Children like summer holidays.
We spend our holidays very well.
We often play football.

.
!
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

day:
Sunday [ snde
] Monday [ mnde
] Tuesday [ tjzde
]
Wednesday [ wenzde
] Thursday [ zde
] Friday [ fra
de
]
Saturday [ stde
]
3. :

On Sundays we go to the park. On Mondays I go to school. I have five lessons on Monday. On

Tuesday I must go to the shop. On Wednesdays I train. On Thursdays we go to the disco. On
Fridays we must go to the kitchen-garden. On Saturdays I work in the kitchen-garden. I can plan
every day. See you on Sunday. On Sunday is my birthday. On Sundays my parents go to the church.
56

 .
-self . , -selves [selvz] . :
my - myself [ma
self]
your yourself [j self]
him himself [h
m self]
her herself [h self]
it itself [
t self]
our ourselves [au selvz]
your yourselves [j selvz]
them themselves [em selvz]
, - .
I dress myself. .
You dress yourself. .
He enjoys himself. .
She enjoys herself. .
We dry ourselves. .
They dry themselves. .
4. :

I plan my day myself.

You can do it yourself.
We may check ourselves.
Behave yourself!
The girl can read herself.
The boy can go by himself.
Please, help yourself to the fruit!
Make yourself at home.

.
.
.
!
.
.
, .
.

5. -:

. .
. . .
. . .
. . .
: ,
:
refrigerator [r
f r
re
t] fridge [fr
]
gymnasium [
m n
e
z
m] gym [
m]
influenza [,
nflu e nz] flu [fl]
high tecnologie [tek nl
] - hi-tech [ ha
tek]
high fidelity [f
del
t
] - hi-fi [ ha
fa
]

31. into, from, out of, for

:
in winter in spring in summer in autumn [tm] in January [njur
] in February
in March in April in May in June in July in August [gst] in October in November
in December in the morning in the evening in the day-time in the afternoon [,ft nn]
on Sunday on Monday on Tuesday on Wednesday on Thursday on Friday on Saturday
at two oclock at five o'clock at six o'clock at nine o'clock at ten o'clock at twelve oclock
at night at midnight [m
dna
t] at noon [nn]
1. :

I ski and skate in winter. We can swim in a sea in summer. My friends go to the camp in spring. We
eat juicy fruits in autumn. It is warm in August. It is cold in January. I play interesting games on
Sunday. My parents work on Monday. I go to the music club on Tuesday. We go to bed in the
evening. I drink coffee in the morning. We go to school at nine oclock. See you at ten oclock!
57

into [
nt] - ,
into the bag
into the case
into the schoolbag
Into the packet

Into the cup

Into the suitcase
Into the pocket
Into the box

from - , , ,
from home
from the garden
from the desk
from my friend

From school
From the disco
From the shelf
From my sister

2. :

We are from Russia. Are you from America? I go from the club by bus. Josh can go by tram from
the zoo. Ida goes by car from work. May I take a file from the table? May I take a sheet of paper
from the green file? Please, give me the red pen from the box. Take the bag from your sister.
3. :

May I put the tie into the suitcase?

Put your money into the purse.
Put the purse into the pocket.
Take the pen from the shelf.
My sister comes late from work.
The girl takes money from her sister.
This is a letter from my friend.
My uncle must come from Yalta.

?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

out of [ autv] - , -, ,
out of the cup
out of pity [ p
t
]
out of house

Out of love [lv] -

Out of work
Out of order [ d]

4. :

You mustn't hang out of the window.

May I drink out of the cup?
Take the hands out of the pocket.
People cry out of ache.
They may cry out of love.
I can take the dog out of pity.
The car is out of order.

.
?
.
.
.
.
.

for - , , , -,
for my friend for a day for two days
for breakfast [brekfst] for joy for money -
5. :

I get presents for my birthday.

We are glad for you.
I can cry for joy.
Bring roses for our teacher.
My friends go to China for a year.
They do it for money.
I am sorry for their dog.
We eat bread and cheese for breakfast.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
58

 6. -:

. .
. , .
. . .
. . .

32. th ( )
th []:
they them , their there this that , thats why
mother [ m] brother [ br] father [ f] together [t ge]
grandmother [ grn ,m] grandfather [ grnd ,f] then
than clothes [ kluz] with [w
] without [w
aut] weather [ we]
:
that [t] , , those [uz] .
this [
s] , , these [z] ;
this is [
s
z]. ,
[], [s], [z], : This is a rose. .
[
] this [] these:
1. :

This is a girl.
This is my friend.
This is my mother.

These are girls.

These are my friends.
These are my parents.

2. :

these people these children these men these women these babies these ladies these days
those girls those boys those teachers those games those roses those houses those blouses
this that :
This is fine! Thats fine! ! This is bad. Thats bad. .
Thats right. . Thats great! ! That nice! ! Thats cool! !
Thats OK. . Thats all right. .
3. :

Put these pens into the pencil-box.

Put these pencils into the box.
Put these boxes on the shelf.
Take those files from the bag.
Take those bags from the kitchen.
These children are here.
Those girls are there.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

4. :

a boy with his father a girl with her mother a man with his brother a woman with her sister
a kid with its parents a child without parents a baby without its mother people without children
5. :

I have got a mother and a brother.

I have no father.
Our grandmother lives in Omsk.
Our grandfather lives with us.
My grandparents are pensioners.

.
.
.
.
.
59

 6. :

I like to play with my brother.

We have lunch together.
My brother likes coffee with milk.
I drink coffee without milk.
My mother drinks tea without sugar.
My mother buys nice clothes.
I can choose clothes by myself.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

:
mum [mm], mummy [ mm
]; grandma [ grnm], grannie [ grn
];
dad [dd], daddy [ dd
], papa [p p]; grand-dad [ grndd],
grandpa [ grnp]; grandparents [ grn ,pernts]; grandson
[ grnsn]; granddaughter [ grnd ,dt]; grandchildren [ grnd
ldrn]
7. -:

, . . .
. . . .
. . .
8. :

The weather is good in summer. The weather is bad in April. The weather is fine today. I like this
weather. I can play in the yard in this weather. The weather can change. I hate rainy weather. We
cant go out in rainy weather. People like to speak about the weather. Do you like todays weather?
their [ e] there [ e]
-, . .
9. :

Are these people there?

They are there. Thats why we go there.
They go there every day.
They like to play with their dog.
I see them and their dog.
May I go there with you?
Their mother must go there.

?
. .
.
.
.
?
.

10. :

The girls buy clothes.

They can choose them.
Their mothers help them.
Ladies' clothes are there.
We must go there.
Try on this nice dress.
Take these roses, please.
May I take those roses?

.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
?

11. , -:

I drink coffee with cream. These boys drink cream without sugar. Bring those cups from the
sideboard. The weather is fine today. My brother and I like to train in good weather. Our mother
and father are at work. They work together. Their friends are in Moscow. They go there every year.
12. :

this there here they with their clothes mother father that without together weather
60

 33. there is (there are)

there to be (is, are )
there is [e r
z] ( ) there are [e r] ( ),
, , .
, .
1. :

There is a pen on the desk.

There is a clock on the shelf.
There is a tree in the yard.
There are mice in the house.
There are flies in the kitchen.
There are benches in the park.

.
.
.
.
.
.

there is here, there:

There is a yard here. .
There are many trees there. .
, r there, here
: [e], [h
].
2. :

Is there a brush on the desk?

Is there a bench in the kitchen?
Are there roses in the garden?
Are there people in the house?
Is there a good park here?

Is there a case on the shelf?

Is there a cycle in the yard?
Are there cars in the street?
Are there apples in the shop?
Are there many trees there?

there is (there are) some,

any. -, , -,
. some , any
.
3. :

Is there any milk in the bottle?

There is not any milk in the bottle.
There is some juice in the cup.
Are there any roses on the bed?
There are some roses there.
There are some trees in the yard.
There are not any benches in the garden.

?
.
.
?
.
.
c .

not, not any, no.

Is there ice-cream in that shop?
No, there is not (there isn't).
There is no ice-cream in that shop.
Are there any cakes on the plate?
No, there are not (there aren't).
There are no cakes on the plate.
4. :

There is not a pencil on the desk.

There is not any car in the yard.
There aren't any mice in our house.
There are no people in the park.
Here are no big houses.

There is not a brush on the shelf.

There is not any cream on the cake.
There aren't any flies in our kitchen.
There are no cars in the street.
Here isn't a special school.
61

 there is, there are

many [ men
] , few [fj] ( ):
many, few: people boys girls ladies babies cities duties men women birds mice flies
much [m] , little ( ):
much, little: tea milk cream sugar ice-cream juice cheese meat paper honey money
few, little :
I have got few chocolates.
.
I have got a few chocolates.
.
I have got little coffee.
.
I have got a little coffee.
.
There is a little yogurt in the cup.
.
many, much how [hau] :
5. :

How many people are there in the house?

How many trees are there in the garden?
How many pens are there in the case?
How much money is there in the purse?
How much tea is there in the cup?
How much cheese is there on the plate?

How many birds are there in the tree?

How many houses are there in that street?
How many cars are there in the yard?
How much honey is there in the pot?
How much sugar is there in the tea?
How much juice is there in bottle?

a lot of , lots of
.
6. :

There are a lot of lakes in our place.

There are a lot of parks there.
There are lots of people in the yard.
There are a lot of clothes in that shop.
There is a lot of money in Toms purse.
There are a lot of fine days in spring.
There is a lot of work in the gardens.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

7. -:

. ? .
? ? . ?
. ? .
. . . ? .
there is there was [e wz] , ;:
there are there were [e w].
8. :

There was some money in the table.

There is not any money there.
There was much cheese on the plate.
There is no cheese there.
There were many pens in the box.
There are not any pens there.
There were many people at the bus stop.
There are no people at that bus stop.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
62

 34. th ( )
I. th []
thick [
k] thin [
n] think [
k] thing [
] thank [k]
tooth [t] teeth [t] toothache [ te
k]
thunder [ nd] month [mn] both [ bu] Thursday [ zd
] ;
: Arthur [ ] Ethan [ n] ; :
Agatha [ g] , Bertha [ b] , Elisabeth [
l
zb] .
1. :

This cream is thick. I drink thin milk.

This man is fat. That man is thin.
Both of them are ill.
My mother has a toothache.
We must clean teeth every day.
I need a good tooth-brush.
I need this thing very much.
Thank you very much.
Arthur is afraid of thunder.
I am afraid of thunderstorm too.

. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

2. :

I can do many things.

There are many things in the shop window.
Can we buy these things?
How many things may I buy?
Let me think.
Let us think together.
I think you are right.
Thanks for both things.
I think we meet on Thursday.
June and July are summer months.

.
.
?
?
.
.
, .
.
, .
.

[] : math [m] (.)

mathematics [ ,m mt
ks] ; arithmetic [ r
mt
k]
3. :

these this those that with without them they there mother brother father their weather
teeth tooth toothache thin thick month thank think thing mathematics arithmetic
4. :

The weather is fine this month. May is a spring month, June is a summer month. I think both of
them are nice. The winter months are cold. I cannot do without good clothes. You must buy many
clothes. There are many good things in those shops. I think we can buy them. May I take a sheet of
paper? This paper is thin. Take that thick one. Thank you for your advice. I think you are right.
II. th [] [] :
north [n] - northern [ nn] ; south [sau] - southern [ sn] ;
North pole [pul] South pole
5. :

These people go to the South pole. Those people go to the North pole. I think it is cold in the north.
It is very hot in the south. We live in the north of Russia. Our friends live in the South America.
63

 6. :

this thin that thick weather thing these month with both tooth those there without
three. .
: three [r] tree [tr] free [fr]
7. :

I see three trees.

There are birds in the tree.
We need three free places.
Three pupils may be free.
You are free.
I can set free three birds.

.
.
.
.
.
.

35.
,
. .
how many?
1 - one [wn]
5 - five [fa
v]
9 nine [na
n]

2 two [t]
6 six [s
ks]
10 ten [ten]

3 three [r]
7 seven [sevn]
11 eleven [
levn ]

4 four [f]
8 eight [e
t]
12 twelve [twelv]

:
two eight one four eleven seven twelve ten one nine eight five four six two seven
1. :

ne day two friends three boys four girls five lessons six boxes seven days eight years
nine weeks ten men eleven desks twelve months one game two pens three women four cats
13 19 :
13 thirteen [, tn] 14 fourteen [,f tn] 15 fifteen [,f
f tn] 16 sixteen [,s
k stn]
17 seventeen [,sevn tn] 18 eighteen [,e
tn] 19 nineteen [,na
n tn]
, , :
20 twenty [ twent
]
30 thirty [ t
]
40 forty [ ft
]
50 fifty [ f
ft
]
60 sixty [ s
kst
]
70 seventy [ sevnt
]
80 eighty [ e
t
]
90 ninety [ na
nt
]
2. :

Two twelve twenty

Four fourteen forty
Six sixteen sixty
Eight eighteen eighty

Three thirteen thirty

Five fifteen fifty
Seven seventeen seventy
Nine nineteen ninety

, , :
twenty-one thirty-two forty-three fifty-four sixty-five seventy-six eighty-seven ninety-nine
3. :

1 + 2 = 3 (one plus [pls] two is three);

10 - 4 = 6

3+5=8
18 3 = 15
8 + 12 = 20

4+4=8
19 5 = 14
25 + 15 = 40

7+2=8
17 4 = 13
20 + 10 = 30

64

(ten minus [ ma
ns] four is six)

8 + 3 = 11
16 3 = 13
48 + 2 = 50

11 + 7 = 18
18 1 = 17
55 + 15 = 70

 one ,
, . ones,
once [wns] , .
: twice [twa
s], three times
4. :

I dont like this rose. I like that one.

We dont need these boxes. We need those ones.
I see two girls. One of them is Jane.
Jane is one of my best friends.
Once I met my friend in Riga.
I was in Moscow only once.
My brother was there twice.
We have English three times a week.

. .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.

5. :

We go to school six days a week. We have five lessons a day. We have English three times a week.
We have Russian five times a week. We have mathematics five times a week. We have biology
twice a week. We have art once a week. We go to Moscow once a year. I visit Tom once a month.
6. :

How much is two times two?

Two times two is four.
How many cakes are there on the plate?
There are eight cakes there.
How much money is there in the purse?
There are fifty dollars there.
How much milk is there in the bottle? Two litres.
How old are you? I am ten years old.
How old is your sister? She is nine.

?
.
?
.
?
.
? .
? .
? .

dozen [dzn] , hundred [ hndrd] , thousand [ auznd]

, million [ m
l
n] a one.
-s . : two dozen, three hundred, six thousand.
:
101 a hundred and one
115 one hundred and fifteen
351 three hundred and fifty-one
403 four hundred and three
2098 two thousand and ninety-eight
5555 five thousand five hundred and fifty five

, : 6,200,451. .
- :
1868 eighteen sixty-eight
1941 - nineteen forty one
1990 nineteen ninety
1904 nineteen O [u] four
1945 - in nineteen forty five
2000 in the year two thousand
2001 - in two thousand and one
2002 in two thousand and two
7. :

1123 1779 1801 1900 1905 1917 1939 1956 1961 1969 1970 1986 1992

2002

8. :

My mother was born in 1975. My father was born in 1971. My grandmother was born in 1944. My
grandfather was born in 1941. My uncle was born in 1968. I was born in 1993.
65

 36. h .
h :
honest [ n
st] honesty [ n
st
] honestly [ n
stl
] ,
honour [ n] , hour [ a u]
1. :

Try to be honest with people.

My friend is an honest boy.
We like honest people.
Honesty is the best policy.
Tom is a man of honour.
We are late an hour.
I need an hour to get home.
We can stay here for an hour.
Ann works three hours a day.

.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
.
.
,

watch [w] , clock ,

alarmclock [ lmklk] , stop-watch
hour [au] minute [ m
n
t] second face hand
a quarter [ k wt] half [hf] past [pst]
to be a minute fast [fst]
to be a minute slow [ slu]
the clock has stopped [ stpt]
What time is it now? What is the time?
It is nine oclock. .

?
It's five oclock. .

,
past, , to.
7: 05
Its five minutes past seven.
10:15
1) Its fifteen minutes past ten. 2) Its a quarter past eleven.
5:30
Its half past five.
1:55
Its five minutes to two.
:
pm [ p
m] - post meridiem
am [,
m] - ante meridiem
It is six am in Minsk.
.
It's seven pm in Moscow.
.
8.10 am eight ten 10.20 am ten twenty 11.25 am eleven twenty-five
8 10
open from 8 am till 10pm

[kluzd]
losed
from 1 pm till 2 pm

9.30 pm nine thirty

2. :

The school starts at 8 oclock.

I am free at half past four.
We meet at a quarter to seven.
I must meet Pat at 9.10 pm
The shop is open from 7 am till 10 pm
See you at nine pm.

8 .
.
.
a c .
7 10
.
66

 3. :

The face of this clock is grey.

The hands are black.
Have you got a watch?
My watch is wrong.
Your watch is right.
His watch is two minutes fast.
Her watch is three minutes slow.
I need a stop-watch.
We read a half an hour a day.
I need an hour and a half.

.
.
?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

4. :

I have lunch at 12.30 am. We come to school at 7.45 am. I begin to do my homework at 3.15.
I usually need three hours for my homework. My mother must come from work about 6 oclock.
My father usually comes from work at 7.30. Our shop is closed from 1 till 2. The game club is
open from 6 pm till 9 pm. I go shopping at 4.20 pm. Today I am free at 5.15 pm.

37.

.
-th. :
one - first [fst] two - second [ seknd] three - third [d] five - fifth [f
f]
the second hand the third brother first love
1. :

the first desk the first pupil the first teacher my first book my first friend his first love
the second foot the second tooth the second home the second game the second lesson
the third bird the third box the third file the third bench the third shelf the third table
the fifth year the fifth month the fifth week the fifth day the fifth night the fifth hour
:
eight - eighth [e
t] nine - ninth [na
n] twelve - twelfth [twelf].
:
2 two
2nd second [ seknd]
1 one
1st first [fst]
3 three
3rd third [d]
4 four
4th fourth [f]
th
5 five
5 fifth [f
f]
6 six
6th sixth [s
ks]
7 seven
7th seventh [seven]
8 eight
8th eighth [e
t]
9 nine
10 ten
10th tenth [ten]
9th ninth [na
n]
11 eleven
11th eleventh [
levn]
12 twelve
12th twelfth [twelf]
th
13 thirteen
13 thirteenth [, tn]
14 fourteen
14th fourteenth [,f tn]
15 fifteen
15th fifteenth [,f
f tn]
16 sixteen
16th sixteenth [,s
k stn]
17 seventeen
17th seventeenth [,sevn tn]
18 eighteen
18th eighteenth [,e
tn]
th
19 nineteen
19 nineteenth [,na
n tn]
, ,
-eth, y i:
twenty - twentieth [ twent
] thirty - thirtieth [ t
] forty - fortieth [ ft
]
fifty - fiftieth [ f
ft
] sixty - sixtieth [ s
kst
] seventy - seventieth [ sevnt
]
eighty - eightieth [ e
t
] ninety - ninetieth [ na
nt
].
67

, ,
: twenty-first thirty-second forty-third fifty-fourth sixty-fifth seventy-seventh.
:
21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th 31st 42nd 53rd 54th 65th
2. :

The first day of the week is Sunday. The second day of the week is Monday. The third day of the
week is Tuesday. The fourth day of the week is Wednesday. The fifth day of the week is Thursday.
The sixth day of the week is Friday. The seventh day of the week is Saturday.
3. . :

Today is the first of May. Today is Sunday. Today is the third of April. Today is Wednesday.
Today is the fifteenth of March. Today is Saturday. Today is the twenty second of June. Today is
Friday.Yesterday was the fifth of July. Yesterday was the thirtieth of December.
4. :

The second summer month is July.

Today is the seventh of March.
On the eighth of March is a holiday.
On the 9th of May is Victory day.
On the 1st of May is May Day.
Our holidays start on the 1st of June.

.
.
.
.
.
1 .

, ,
. number [ nmb] .
5. :

It is flat number four.

We live in house number twelve.
They live in flat fifteen.
I go to school number 35.
My friend goes to school number 1.
Bus six stops there.
My address [ dres] is: Flat 3, 1, Petrov Street.

.
12.
.
.
.
.
: . 3, 17,

6. :

I am a student in the fifth form.

I go to school number 12.
My brother is a student in the 6th form.
He goes to school number 30.
My birthday is on the 3rd of July.
Is your birthday on the 2nd of May?

.
12.
.
.
.
?

7. -:

10 . 6 . 11 . 7 ?
11 . 14 . 8 . 13 .
16. 20 . 3 !
.
January [ njur
] February [ februr
] March [m]
April [ e
prl] May [me
] June [n] July [ la
]
August [ gst] September [sep temb] October [k tub]
November [nu vemb] December [d
semb]
68

 8. :

the 3rd of February the 7st of January the 4th of August the 1st of September the 7th of July,
the 13th of November the 12th of October the 9th of May the 8th of March the 5th of June
the 15th of December the 12th of April the 23rd of February the 18th of January the 1st of May
9. . :

My birthday is on the 5th of February. My mothers birthday is on the 8th of January. My fathers
birthday is on the 14th of August. My brothers birthday is on the 21st of September. My sisters
birthday is on the 27th of July. My grandmothers birthday is on the 18th of November. My friends
birthday is on the 30th of October. My grandfathers birthday is on the 22nd of December.
first,
10. :

First think then speak.

First I do my homework then play.
We clean the kitchen at first.
These people need first aid.
I see them for the first time.
First of all we must feed the children.
It is the first thing to do.

, .
, .
.
.

, .
, .

: - ?
.
1. zero [ z
ru] :
three zeros - ; absolute [ bselt] zero - ;
time zero - ;
below [b
l u] zero ; above [ bv] zero -
2. nought [nt] noughts and crosses -
3. nil [n
l] The score of the game was one - nil. 1: 0.
4. cipher [ sa
f] , .
5. 0 [u].

38.
some, any, no, one.
1. :

There are some apples in that bag.

May I take a green one?
Do you see any cakes on the plate?
There are not any cakes there.
There are some pies in the kitchen.
You can take some of them.
Are there any files on the table?
There are some files in the schoolbag.

.
?
?
.
.
.
- ?
.

some, any, no one, thing, body [ bd
]

:
something [ sm
] -
anything [ en

] -
Nothing [ n
]
somebody [ smbd
] -
anybody [ en
bod
] -
Nobody [ nubd
]
someone [ smwn] -
anyone [ en
wn] -
no one [ nuwn]

69

 2. :

There is something in the case.

There isnt anything in the bag.
There is somebody in the house.
There isn't anybody in the yard.
There is nobody in the street.
Is there anybody here?
Can anyone speak English?
No one can do it.
I have nothing to say.

- .
.
- .
.
.
- ?
- -?
.
.

: .
3. :

I can help nobody.

Nobody can help me.
Nobody loves me.
I see no one in the yard.
Nobody eats these berries.
We can say nothing.
Take nothing from the bag.
I say nothing twice.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

:
everybody [ evr
bd
], everyone [ evr
wn] , ; everything [ evr

] ;
sometime [ smta
m] -; sometimes [ smta
mz] .
4. :

Everybody is present today.

Everybody likes fruits.
Everyone must clean teeth.
Not everybody can do it.
I can help everybody.
Put everything in its place.
Everything is in order.
You can take everything.
See you sometime next week!
Sometimes I see this girl in the park.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
- .
.

5. -:

There is somebody in the living-room. I see nobody in the dining-room. Is there anybody in the
bedroom? We must save everybody. May I take anything from the bag? You mustnt take anything.
Your parents can take everything from that suitcase. Sometimes I see these people in our yard. No
one of them plays football. Can anyone play this game? Nobody can say anything about it.
6. -:

- . . . - -?
-. . . - .
. - ? - .
- . - . . . .
:
I see somebody's bag. - .
It is nobody's dog. .
70

 39. wh, wr
I. wh [h] o:
who [h] whose [hz] whom [hm] , whole [hul] ,
1. :

Who am I? Who are you? Who is this? Who is here? Who is there? Who is who? Who is your
friend? Who is on duty? Who is your teacher? Who was your first teacher? Who likes sweets?
Who needs my help? Who can help us? Who can save these people? Who can speak English?
2. :

Whom can I help?

Whom do you give roses?
Whom must we thank?
Whom do you love?
I love the whole world.
Whose books are on my desk?

?
?
?
?
.
?

II. wh [w]:
white [wa
t] why [wa
] where [w] , when [wen]
which [w
] whiskers [ wisks] ,
3. :

who why whom where when whose which whiskers whose why whom
whole when white whom which who when why where whose whiskers
4. :

Which pen may I take?

Which story can you read?
Which text is easy?
Which of you is Jane Stone?
Which of us is free?
Which of them can help me?

?
?
?
?
?
?

5. :

When can I see you?

When is Kate free?
When may we eat ice-cream?
When must they go home?
When must I do my homework?
When do you go to the garden?

?
?
?
?
?
?

where.
, , r .
6. :

Where can I see you?

Where can I take this thing?
Where do you live?
Where do you go in summer?
Where must we go?
Where am I? Where are we?
Where are your friends?
Where is my mother?

?
?
?
?
?
? ?
?
?
71

 7. :

Why are you here?

Why is Jane absent?
Why are these students late?
Why is the desk not clean?
Why do you go to school?
Why must I stay in bed?
Why is the way so long?
Why are they away?

?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

III. wr [r]:
write [ra
t] writer [ r a
t] wrote [rut] written [r
tn]
wrong [r]
8. :

We can write in English.

Can you write a letter?
Must I write the whole text?
Green is a famous writer.
This writer wrote stories.
We wrote a long text yesterday.
Read the written text.
Is anything wrong?
You are wrong.

-.
?
?
.
.
.
.
- ?
.

9. -:

I can read and write in English. Why must we write the whole text? Can you read the written text?
Who wrote those stories? Is he a famous writer? I usually write with the white pen. Where is my
white pen? Whose book is there? Who is absent today? Why are they absent? Why are you late?
Can you write the date? Something is wrong. Which of you can help me? Who needs my help?
10. :

write white who wrote whole where there wrong

written whose those why whom

40. wha, wa, war, wor. w

I. wha [w]: what [wt] ,
1. :

What is this?
What do you need?
What must we do?
What can I do for you?
What do you want?
What is your name?
What is your friends name?
What book may I take?
What cakes do you like?

?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

who what:
Who are you? I am Max White.
Who is your mother? My mother is Ann White.
What is your mother? My mother is a doctor.
What is your friend? He is a student.

72

II. wa [w] [w]:

want [wnt] was [wz] wash [w] watch [w] ,
t] wall [wl] walk [wk] ,
water[ w
2. :

What do you want?

What was in the water?
Was the water hot?
I want to wash the wall with hot water.
What was on that wall?
What watch do you want to buy?
Do you watch TV in the morning?
I like to go for walks in the evening.
Let us go for a walk!

?
?
?
.
?
?
?
.
!

wa :
Wally [ wl
] Walter [ wlt] Warren [ wr
n]
III. wa :
e
t]
wake [we
k] , wait [we
t] waiter [ w
wag [wg] () waggon [ wgn] Wales [we
lz]
3. :

I usually wake at 7 oclock.

The alarm-clock wakes me every morning.
When the cat sees me it wags its tail.
Can you wait for me?
Wait a minute please. I can help you.
Walter Wall is a good waiter.
His brother wants to be a waiter too.
Our friends live in Wales.

7 .
.
, .
?
. .
.
.
.

IV. war [w]:

war [w] warn [wn] warning [ wn
]
warm [wm] wardrobe [ wdrub]
4. :

People must stop the war.

We are against this war.
I must warn people of the danger.
Who wrote this warning?
We need warm clothes.
The wardrobe is at the wall.
We wash things with warm water.
Was the water warm in August?

.
.
.
?
.
.
.
?

V. wor [w]:
work [wk] word [wd] world [wld] worst [wst]
5. :

Where do your parents work? My parents are workers. They go to work in the morning. I like to
work at English. I can read a lot of words. We wrote many English words in the lesson. Warrens
work was the worst. Tell me some warm words.You are the best friend in the world.
73

VI. w :
1) aw []:
draw [dr] , saw [s] straw [str] Warsaw [ ws]
2) ow [u] [au]
snow [snu] slow [slu] show [u] know [nu]
grow [gru] window [w
ndu] how [hau] now [nau]
3) ew [j] []
few [fj] new [nj] knew [nj] drew [dr] grew [gr]
6. :

war work warm word water worst wake world warn wait worker warning wardrobe
saw want wake draw drew straw war how snow now know knew new grow grew
7. :

We saw Warsaw on TV.

I saw a straw in the water. I can draw it.
Wally can draw well.
He can show how to draw with watercolour.
Now I know how to do it.
We drew a New year tree yesterday.
We can grow roses on the window-sill.

.
. .
.
, .
, .
.
.

41. .
: -ship, -dom, -ment, -hood
friendship [ frend
p]
friend [frend]
champion [ mp
n]
championship [ mp
n
p]
king [k
]
kingdom [ k
dm]
freedom [frdm]
free [fr]
manage [ mn
]
management [ mn
ment]
child [a
ld]
childhood [ aldhud]
-(i)an, -ese, -ite , :
Canadian [k ne
d
n] Chinese [a
nz] Muscovite [ mskva
t]
-ness , :
goodness [ gudn
s] sadness [ sdn
s] happiness [ hp
n
s]
-ess ( ):
goddess [ gd
s] mistress [ m
str
s] hostess [ hust
s]
, :
-y
daddy [ dd
]
mummy [ mm
]
-ling
darling [dl
]
duckling [ dkl
]
-let
booklet [ bukl
t]
starlet [ stl
t]
: -y, -ly, -al, -ous, -able - ible:
needy[ nd
]
greedy [ grd
]
friendly [ frendl
]
lovely [lvl
]
political [p l
t
kl]
logical [ l
kl]
curious [ kjur
s]
dangerous [ de
nrs]
changeable [ e
nbl]
possible [ psbl]
74

 1. :

These people enjoy freedom.

Our friendship is forever.
I wish you much happiness.
Is it possible to help needy people?
Why are you so greedy?
Try to be friendly to people.
This lovely child is so curious!
Its dangerous to be too curious.
The weather is changeable in April.

.
.
.
?
?
.
!
.
.

: -ful, -less:
thankful [ kful]
watchful [ wful]
hopeful [ hupful]
careful [ keful] ,
helpful [ helpful]
homeless [ huml
s]
helpless [ helpl
s]
careless [ kel
s] ,
2. :

People must be watchful.

Be careful in the water.
This game is dangerous.
We are thankful for your warning.
You are so helpless!
I dont like careless children.

.
.
.
.
!
.

:
un-, in-, im-, -dis-, mis-, non- :
unhappy [n hp
]
unjust [n st]
indefinite [
n def
n
t]
incorrect [,
nk rekt]
impossible [
m psbl]
impolite [,
mp la
t]
disorder [d
s d]
dislike [d
s la
k]
mistake [m
s te
k]
mistrust [m
s trst]
non-smoker [ nn smuk]
non-stop [ nn stp]
3. :

I dislike people who are impolite.

Why is your room in disorder?
It is impossible to help this man.
Wally makes too many mistakes.
Write the indefinite article.

.
?
.
.
.

:
income [
nkm] indoors [
n dz] inside [
n sa
d]
impress [
m pres] important [
m ptnt]
4. :

The income of our family is not very big.

Its important to have a good income.
It dangerous to do this work.
Warren wants to stay indoors today.
He must write a very important article.
I know the man sitting inside the car.
You may come inside the house.

.
, .
.
.
.
, .
.
75

 re- :
make remake [r
me
k]
read reread [r
rd]
tell retell [r
tel]
write rewrite [r
ra
t]
5. :

Its difficult [ d
f
klt] to write English words. .

1) Its possible to 2) Its impossible to. 3) Its dangerous to

4) Its important to 5) Its easy to 6) Its interesting to

42. x
I. x . [ks]: six text
fox mix next tax taxi [ tks
] exit [ eks
t]
exiting [
k sa
t
] expensive [
k spens
v] excuse [
k skjz]
good excuse [
k skjs]
excellent [ekslnt]
exercise [ ekssa
z] exercise book morning exercises
pencilbox [ penslbks] letter-box litter-box ;
: Max [mks] Rex [reks] Felix [ fel
ks] ;
: Roxana [rk sn] Roxy [ rks
]
1. :

We can mix these juices.

I like to mix with people.
Is this box expensive?
This thing is too expensive for me.
It is an excellent thing.
I want to get excellent marks.
Please, read the next text.
Yesterday I saw an exciting film.
How exciting!

.
.
?
.
.
.
, .
.
!

2. :

Where is the exit?

The exit is on the right side.
Excuse me my coming late.
Dont be late without a good excuse!
There is no excuse for it!
There is no excuse for this act.
Roxy and Max pay taxes.
Felix doesnt pay taxes.
Everybody must pay taxes.
Let us take a taxi!

?
.
.
!
.
.
.
.
.
!

3. :

We must write the exercise 6.

This exercise is difficult.
We often write exercises.
Where is my textbook?
Where is my thick exercise book?
The exercise book was in that box.
Do you do your morning exercises?
I do my morning exercises every day.

.
.
.
?
?
.
?
.
76

II. x [gz]:
exist [
g z
st] exact [
g zkt] exactly [
g zktl
]
examine [
g zm
n] examination [
g ,zm
ne
n] ,
exam [
g zm] (.) to take an examination
to pass an examination to fail in an examination
example [
g zmpl] for example
4. :

People cannot exist without water.

What can you say for example?
You must give an example for your sister.
Is your watch exact?
I cannot say it exactly.

.
?
.
?
.

5. :

When we are sick doctors examine us.

The doctor must make examination.
We have examinations on Friday.
Will you take an exam in Russian?
I passed the exam yesterday.
Nick is afraid to fail in the exam.

, .
.
.
?
.
.

6. . :

Who can mix the juices? I want to examine the box. Where is my pencilbox? Put the litter into the
litter-box. Put the letter into the letter-box. I dont see the exit. The exit is on the left. Whose watch
is exact? I cannot say it exactly. We can take a taxi. That taxi is free. It is too expensive for me.

43.
- ,
. .
: in on up out [aut] down [daun] off [f]:
sit
sit down
sit up
stand
stand up
stand out
go ,
go on
go out
come
come in
come from
put ,
put on
put off
get
get up
get at
get on
get off
get out
take
take off
take away
turn
turn on
turn off
Up , off
-, -, -:
Eat up the soup. .
Stand up please. , .
Clear up the room. . Make up a list of things. .
Turn off the light. .
The train is off. .
Take off the hat . .
Keep off the grass. .
. -:
a grown-up
grown-ups
a day off
days off
77

 1. :

May I come in? ?

Take off your coat. .
Go on, please! , .
Let us go back. .
Take away the dishes. .
Put on your raincoat. .
I get up at 7 oclock. 7 .
I must get off. .

Come in, please! , .

I come from Moscow. .
May I go out? ?
Apples will go up. .
Must I turn off the light? ?
Put off the meeting. .
How can I get at the cat? ?
How are you getting on? ?

.
:
listen [l
sn] to somebody c -
to look at something, somebody -, -
to look for something, somebody -, -
to look after [ ft] somebody , -
to have something on
2. -:

The students stand up when the teacher comes in. The teacher says: "Sit down, please." The
students sit down. They listen to the teacher. The teacher turns on the light when it is dark. Then the
teacher says: "Look at the blackboard, please." The students look at the blackboard and write the
exercises or retell the texts. The students on duty turn off the light after the lesson.
3. :

Children and grown-ups like milk.

The mother looks after the baby.
How many days off has your mother got?
She has got two days off.
Take off this old jacket.
You must put on this coat.
Look for your blue tie.
Look after the kid.
That boy has a blue suit on.

.
.
?
.
.
.
.
.
.

. ,
: ,
. to play :
We play chess. .
They play hockey. .
, ,
.
He plays the pipe. . I play the piano [p
nu]. .
, .
You must write with the blue pen. .
:
to think of something, to think about something -;
to care for something, to care about something -
to :
(?), to
Write to them.
.
Speak to her.
.
78

 (?), to .
Write them a letter.
a letter.
Give him some milk.
.
, ,
:
Lend me this book. Lend this book to me.
.
Give her the red pen. Give the red pen to her.
.
tell to .
Tell them about it.
.
Please, tell her.
, .
4. :

The teacher is angry with me.

I am afraid of her.
Give me that textbook. Give it to me.
Can you wait for me?
All parents must care for their children.
Max doesnt care about it.
I think of these things.
We must think about the people.

.
.
. .
?
.
.
.
.

44. ph, gh, qu, kn

I. ph [f]:
physics [ f
z
ks] physical [f
z
kl] physical training
telephone [ tel
fun], phone [fun] photograph [ futgrf]
photo [ futu] ; : Philip [ f
l
p] Phil [f
l]
to speak over [ uv] the phone, telephone
My telephone number is: 255-13-90 (two five five one three nine zero).
: nephew [ nevj] ; : Stephen [stvn]
1. :

I often photograph my nephew.

Whose photo is this?
Is it Philip's photo?
Philip teaches physics.
We have an exam in physics.
Can I speak to him over phone?
What is his telephone number?
Can you phone me on Sunday?
I have physical training twice a week.

.
?
?
.
.
?
?
?
.

II. gh [g], [h],:

[g] ghastly [ gstl
] ghost [ gust]
[f] cough [kf] enough [
nf] laugh [lf] draught [drft]
draughts [drfts] rough [rf] roughly [rfl
] tough [tf]
III. gh :
straight [stre
t] neighbour [ ne
b] right [ra
t] ,
night [na
t] daughter [ dt] thought [t]
79

 2. :

I saw a ghastly dream at night.

My neighbours daughter likes ghost-stories.
We had a good laugh at that story.
Dont laugh at me!
The children often play draughts here.
It draughts here.
Kates daughter has a bad cough.
Where is my rough copy?
We have enough money.
That game was rough enough.
This rough man was a tough nut.

.
.
.
!
.
.
.
?
.
.
.

IV. qu [kw]:
[kw] quarrel [ kwrl] quarter [ kwt] queen [kwn]
question [ kwesn] quick [kw
k] quickly [ kw
kl
]
quite [kwa
t] quiet [ gwa
t] square [ skwe] ,
3. :

The photo of the queen is on that page.

Where does the Queen of England live?
May I ask a question?
Do you have many questions?
Don't quarrel with me, please.
We often quarrel and make up.

.
?
?
?
, .
.

4. :

The third quarter is the longest.

Our teacher likes quiet children.
You are quite right.
Be quick! I try to do everything quickly.
There are many squares in our city.
My friends live in Minin Square.
We can examine Red Square.

.
.
.
! .
.
.
.

IV. qu [k] :
cheque [ek] bouquet [bu ke
] mosquito [m sktu]
I will give my mother a fine bouquet of roses.
.
Give me the cheque and take your bouquet.
.
These mosquitos get on the nerves.
.
V. k n :
knee [n] knit [n
t] knife [na
f] knock [nk] knot [nt]
know [nu] knowledge [ nl
] know-how [ nuhau]
5. :

Knock-knock! Who is there?

Don't knock at the window!
Cars often knock people down.
My right knee aches.
The kid sits on his mother's knees.
Can you knit?

-! ?
!
.
.
.
?
80

 6. :

This knife is blunt. Where is the sharp knife?

I don't know. Who knows it?
What do you know about physics?
I cannot say that I know much.
My knowledge is not very large.
Jack is a well known cook.
This is his know-how.
Can you knot a tie?
I cannot untie the knot.

. ?
. ?
?
, .
.
.
.
?
.

7. :

We live in a quiet street. There is a large square in our city. Philip's house is in that square. I know
his telephone number. I don't quarrel with my friend. He is a quiet boy. He likes physics. He does
his homework very quickly. I can't say that I know everything. My knowledge isnt very large.

45. ture
I. ture []:
picture [ p
k] mixture [ m
ks] nature [ ne
]
temperature [ tempr] literature [ l
tr]
future [ fj] culture [ kl] adventure [d ven]
1. :

Take my temperature, please.

You need a good mixture.
It is a dangerous adventure.
Boys like adventures.
These girls can paint pictures.
What can we see in the picture?
Both girls like nature.
They paint from nature.
They like Russian literature.
They have a good future.

, .
.
.
.
.
?
.
.
.
.

2. :

feature [ f ]
creature [ kr]
venture [ ven]
torture [ t ]
furniture [ f n
]
departure [d
p]

cultural [ klrl]
cultured [ kld]

Structure [ strk]
Signature [ s
gn]
Rapture [ r p]
Natural [ n
rl]
Naturally [ n
rl
] ,
Century [ s enur
]
Architecture [,k
t ek]
Picturesque [ ,p
k resk]

3. :

Roxy is a lovely creature.

She is a picture of her mother.
This furniture for our cultural centre.
I am in raptures over the furniture.
What is the time of departure?
The departure of the train is at 9 oclock.

.
.
.
.
?
9 .
81

II. t []:
fortune [ fn] ,
fortunate [ fnt]
fortunately [ fntl
]

Unfortunately [ n fntl
]
Actually [ kul
]
Mutual [ mjul]

3. :

Fortune favours the brave.

Max was born under a fortunate star.
Fortunately the weather is fine today.
Unfortunately the doctor is absent.
Can you tell fortunes?
I am not a fortune-teller.
You are actually the only friend I have.
We have mutual intrests.

.
.
, .
, .
?
.
, .
.

4. :

picture feature mixture nature natural naturally temperature literature creature

future culture cultural departure adventure rapture century furniture signature fortune

46. tion, ssion, cian, sion, sual, sure

I. ssion, tion [n]:
commission [k m
n] profession [pr fen] session [ sen]
impression [
m pren] section [ sekn] tradition [tr d
n]
exception [
k sepn] station [ ste
n] situation [s
tju e
n]
discuss [d
sks]
translate [trnz le
t]
collect [k lekt]
impress [
m pres]

discussion [d
skn]

translation [trnz le
n]
collection [k lekn]
impression [
m pren]

1. :

session commission profession section impression tradition exception station situation

impression tradition exception collection session section station translation situation
2. :

Who is present at the discussion?

What is your impression?
Its a good tradition.
What do you collect?
I have a large collection of stamps.
The collection made a big impression.
Can you translate texts?
Translate from English into Russian.
Its a good translation.

?
?
.
?
.
.
?
.
.

3. :

My mother is a teacher by profession.

She is at the session of the commission.
It is in the left section of the school.
What must I do in this situation?
There is no rule without exception.
How can we get to the station?

.
.
.
?
.
?
82

 -tion:
celebrate [ sel
bre
t]
celebration [,sel
bre
n]
decorate [ dekre
t]
decoration [,dek re
n]
demonstrate [ demnstre
t]
demonstration [,demns tre
n]
delegate [ del
ge
t]
delegation [,del
ge
n]
educate [ edjke
t]
education [,edj ke
n]
inform [
n fm]
information [ ,
nf me
n]
organize [ gena
z]
organization [ ,gena
ze
n]
4. :

celebrate decorate demonstrate delegate educate inform organize

celebration decoration demonstration delegation education information organization
5. :

I celebrate this holiday at home.

Bill will open the celebration meeting.
We decorate our school.
The decoration is very nice.
These teachers educate children.
They give a very good education.
The delegation from England is there.
Where can I get the information?
I must demonstrate my collection.
Who can go to the demonstration?

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
?
.
?

II. cian [n]:

music [ mjz
k]
policy [ pols
]

musician [mj z
n]

politician [,pol
t
n]

III. sion, sure s []:

version [ vn] pension [penn] pensioner [penn]
sure [u] ensure [
n u] pressure [ pre] ,

IV. sual, sure /zure/, sion s , z [

]:
usual [ ju
ul]

revision [r
v

n]

casual [ k
ul]

provision [pr vi
n]

pleasure [ ple
]

television [ t el
,v

n]

leisure [ le
]

decision [d
s

n]

measure [ m
e
]

allusion [ l
n]

treasure [ tre
]

illusion [
l
n] ,

seizure [ s
]

inclusion [
n kl

n]

vision [ v

n]

conclusion [kn kl

n]

division [d
v

n]

confusion [kn fj

n]

6. :

session vision commission revision profession television section impression usual

tradition exception casual station musician situation pleasure politician impression
tradition exception collection celebration situation information organization casual
83

 III.
47.
I. ,
. .
.
1. :

Can you knit?

Must I stay here?
Are you hungry?
Is your brother absent?
Do you write with this pen?
Does your mother knit well?

?
?
?
?
?
?

Yes, I can.
No, you mustn't.
No, I am not.
Yes, he is.
Yes, I do.
No, she doesnt.

II. - , . , :
who whom , whose what , ,
what sort of what kind of what like which ,
where , from where why ,
how how much how many how old
.
, .
2. :

What is the matter with you?

What is the time?
What is today's date?
What day of the week is it today?
What colour do you like?
What size do you take?
What is the number of your flat?
What is your flat like?
What kind of people do you like?
What sort of bird is that?

?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

3. :

Who is that girl?

Whom do you give presents?
Whose pen is on my desk?
How does your friend look like?
How old is your brother?
How much does the bag cost?
How many books may I take?

?
?
?
?
?
?
?

4. :

Which of you is barave?

Which subjects do you like?
When do you have lunch?
Where an we play?
Why are you so sad?
Why do you do it?

?
?
?
?
?
?
84

 .
Where are you from?
?
What form are you in?
?
What school do you go to?
?
What do you think about?
?
III. ,
.
5. :

Must I read or write the exercise?

May I drink tea or coffee?
Do you train at home or in the park?
Does your cat like meat or fish?
Are you from America or from Canada?

?
?
?
?
?

IV. ,
, , .
.
, .
6. :

You are a doctor, aren't you?

Your brother is a teacher, isn't he?
Moscow is a large city, isn't it?
You can help me, cannot you?
We must leave, mustn't we?
You like this thing, don't you?
Your uncle needs a car, doesn't he?

, ?
, ?
, ?
, ?
, ?
, ?
, ?

, .
7. :

You are not my friend, are you?

The girl isn't here, is she?
She cannot swim, can she?
They don't eat meat, do they?
You don't know this, do you?

, ?
, ?
, ?
, ?
, ?

48. .
.
I (Idefinite), :
write , make , ;
II (Past Simple Tense):
wrote , made , ;
III (Participle 2 [ pt
s
pl])
written , made , .
: ()
() .
:
do did done [dn] ; go went gone [gn] ;
85

 :
let - let let set set set put - put - put
shut - shut shut
cut cut - cut
2- 3- , 1- 3-:
have - had - had
get - got - got make - made made
come - came - come become - became become
read , -:
read [rd] - read [red] - read [red]. , , .
.
, .
() .
, ,
ed, -.
:
-ed
[t]
mix - mixed
like - liked
brake braked
look - looked
stop stopped
check checked

help helped
risk risked
miss - missed
kiss kissed
dress dressed
ask asked

watch watched
wash washed
walk walked
work worked
jump jumped
pass passed

live lived
love loved
clean cleaned
use used
rain rained
train trained
plan planned

[d]
-ed
save saved
kill killed
care cared
share shared
prepare prepared
compare compared
answer answered

:
play played
stay stayed
copy copied
marry married
try - tried
fry - fried
cry - cried

[
d]
t
hate hated
wait waited
test tested

need needed
print printed
rest rested

-ed
skate skated
want wanted
start started

d:

, 2- 3- :
learn [ln] learned [lnd] - learned learnt [lnt] - learnt
dream [drm] dreamed [drmd] - dreamed dreamt [dremt] - dreamt
?
- ,
, :
, ; , .
:
(Participle 1 [ pt
s
pl] (Participle II).
:
ing: sleep sleeping ; drink drinking ;
read reading ; work working
1 ,
, :
86

 1. :

The sleeping kid is very nice.

The crying boy needs help.
I know the woman printing the text.
The girl working in the garden is my sister.
The boys playing ball are our students.
Smiling the teacher looked at me.

.
.
, .
, , - .
, , - .
, .

(Participle II).
, , .

-ed: the printed text the stopped game

: the made thing ; the done work
2. :

Give me please the printed text.

I cant read the written copy.
This is a well done work.
I am not sorry for my lost time.
Do you drink mixed juices?
I see a well dressed girl.
Do you like things made in Russia?

.
.
.
.
?
.
, ?
:

Participle 1

a writing student
a painting girl

Participle 2

The written crib

The painted picture

49. .
12 ,
. .
? ,
, ,
, , .
.
- Present Simple Tense [tens] (
Present Indefinite Tense).
Present Simple Tense
. , , ,
,
-s. do (does
- . ).
1. :

Do you go to school?
Do you like your school?
Do you speak English?
Do you need the textbooks?
Do you do your homework?

?
?
-?
?
?
87

 2. :

Does your friend go to school?

Does he do his homework?
Does your mother work?
Does your father play chess?
Does your brother draw well?

?
?
?
?
?

,
, .
3. :

Where do you live?

When do you get up?
Where does you friend live?
What does he do on Sundays?
What games does he like?
How does he play?

?
?
?
?
?
?

who do (does ) . -s :
4. :

Who likes ice-cream?

Who wants the jam?
Who has money?
Who does his homework?
Who gets good marks?
Who needs this book?

?
?
?
?
?
?

: have
do. have got do.
5. :

Do you have many friends?

When do you have lunch?
Do you have dinner at 2 oclock?
Does Max have lunch with you?
Have you got sisters and brothers?
Has Roxana got a dog?

?
?
2 ?
?
?
?

do (does) .
: do not - don't [dunt]; does not - doesn't [dznt].
6. :

I do not go to the discos.

I dont like algebra.
I dont speak English.
My friend does not speak Russian.
My mother does not work.

.
.
-.
-.
.

7. :

Do you need the pen?

Do you like coffee with milk?
Does your cat eat cheese?
Does the girl do her duties?
Does the boy play football?

No, I don't. I don't need this pen.

No, I don't. I drink black coffee.
No, it doesn't. It doesn't like cheese.
No, she doesn't. She doesn't do her duties well.
Yes, he does. He plays football very well.
88

 do (does) ,
. have, have got.
8. :

I never cry.
I never take my friend's things.
We never give up our friends.
I like nobody.
These people have nothing.
They haven't got any food.

.
.
.
.
.
.

Present Simple Tense -, :

usually , every day , often , seldom ,
sometimes [ smta
mz] , at first , then [en] , as a rule .
9. :

I usually get up at 7 o'clock.

Sometimes I do my morning exercises.
I often go to the park.
My friend seldom goes there.
First we have lunch. Then I do my lessons.

.
.
.
.
. .

10. -:

? . .
? ? ? .
? . .
50.
: Present Simple -
Present Progressive (Present Continuous) - .
,
. : now [nau] ,
at present , at the moment [ mument] .
: to be
( am, is, are)
, .
, -ing.
2. :

I am reading a book now.

I am sitting at the desk.
We are working.
My friend is doing an exercise.
The boys are playing in the yard.
The teacher is writing on the blackboard.

.
.
.
.
.
.

3. :

I am not taking your pen.

You are not listening to me.
The boys are not working now.
The kids are not sleeping.
The baby is not crying.
We are not hurrying.

.
.
.
.
.
.
89

 4. :

Am I reading well?
Are you listening to me?
Is the girl writing?
Is the teacher looking at us?
Are we going together?
Are you working now?
Are your friends hurrying?

?
?
?
?
?
?
?

Yes, you are. No, you are not.

Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Yes, she is. No, she isn't.
Yes, he is. No he isn't.
Yes, you are. No, you are not.
Yes, we are. No, we are not.
Yes, they are. No, they are not.

5. :

Who is speaking over phone?

What are you doing now?
Where are you going?
Our friends are leaving, aren't they?
You are crying, aren't you?
They are not laughing at me, are they?

?
?
?
, ?
, ?
, ?

:
I read books. .
I am reagding a tale. .
We play in the yard. .
We are playing now. .
: .
(Present Simple):
hear [h
] see like
love know want
forget [f get] remember [r
memb] understand [,nd stnd]
6. -:

. .
. . . .
. . .
,
.
They are coming at six oclock.
.

51.
Future Simple Tense (Future Indefinite) - , ,
. :
later , tomorrow [t mru] , the day after tomorrow ,
in a day , next Monday , soon [sn]
next week, month, year , , .
.
will [w
l], shall [l] ( 1 . . )
, .
will shall .
1. :

Next week I will go to school.

We will have six lessons.
The fifth lesson will be English.
I will translate a Russian text.
I think I will get a good mark.

.
.
.
.
, .
90

 ;
, . ,
[l] :
Ill [a
l] hell [hl] shell [l] itll [
tl] well [wl] youll [jl] theyll [e
l]
I'll come later. .
Youll help them. .

They'll do everything. .
We'll go to the zoo. .

will:
I will not go there. I will not carry this bag. We'll not take a taxi. They will not wait for us.
not:
shall not shant [nt], will not wont [ wunt].
I shant say it to your mother.
.
They wont give back our money.
.
will:
2. :

Will we go to Moscow next year?

Where will we live?
When will we have dinner?
Who will buy vegetables?
Will you drink tea or milk?
You will stay, won't you?

?
?
?
?
?
, ?

:
-. shall I...?
shall we...? - .
Shall we wait for you?
?
Shall I do it?
?
5. -:

? ?
? . . ,
? . . .
:
if when Future Simple , Present Simple:
I will go to the cinema if I finish the work.
, .
When Nick comes Ill help him.
, .

52.
Past Simple Tense (Past Indefinite) ,
. :
once , yesterday , the day before yesterday ,
last week , last spring , an hour ago ,
first , then ,
after that
do did
. did
not: didn't.

.
91

 1. :

It rained yesterday.
We played basketball in the gym.
The game started at five oclock.
We waited for you.
We needed your help.

.
.
.
.
.

2. :

We watched TV in the evening.

Mum washed my clothes.
My sister fried fish.
She asked me for help.
I mixed juices.

.
.
.
.
.

3. :

The teacher helped her students to do exercises. Everybody worked at the lesson. All children liked
the lesson. Some students missed the classes. They were ill. After classes some students stayed in
the classroom. They planned their work. We waited for our friends. Then we walked in the park.
Many children played ball there and cycled. Some boys trained. Nobody wanted to go home.
4. :

Once I went for a walk.

I met my friend in the yard.
He sat on a bench and read a book.
First we played in the garden.
After that we had supper.

.
.
.
.
.

5. :

It did not rain last week.

I didn't go for a walk yesterday.
We didn't do our homework.
They didn't write this exercise.
We didn't understand that text.

.
.
.
.
.

.
6. :

Did it rain yesterday?

When did your parents go to the garden?
What did they do there?
Why did you stay there for a long time?
Did you play in the park or in the yard?
You didn't see Mark, did you?

?
?
?
?
?
, ?

2 .
7. :

Did you have lunch at two o'clock?

Did you go to the garden last week?
Did Jane paint this picture?
Did they watch TV or play?
Jake played football, didn't he?

Yes, I did. I had lunch with my brother.

Yes, we did. We went there on Friday.
Yes, she did. She painted it very well.
They watched TV.
Yes, he did. He played football in the gym.

: who .
. did to be, happen.
92

 8. :

Who knew that student?

Why were you absent last week?
Was there anything in the box?
Were there any people in the room?
What happened to your aunt?
What happened next?

?
?
- ?
?
?
?

9. -:

. ?
? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
53.
Present Perfect Tense
,
. :
already [l red
] just yet never ever .
have (has 3 )
, .
,
.
: Present Perfect Tense yesterday,
last week, today, just now ( ) ,
when (). Past Simple Tense.
1. :

I have taken your pen.

My friend has already had dinner.
I have just seen the teacher.
The English teacher has already gone.
We have been to Moscow.
I have heard the news.

.
.
.
.
.
.

. :
I've [a
v] you've [jv] we've [wv] they've [e
v] he's [hz] she's [z] it's [
ts]
not,
have (has): havent , hasnt.
2. :

I have not taken your book.

The teacher has not come yet.
My sister hasn't been to America.
I have never met this man.
Ive never seen the Black Sea.

.
.
.
.
.

:
?
Were you in Moscow last summer?
, .
Yes, I was in Moscow on a trip.
- ?
Have you ever been to Minsk?
, .
Yes, I have been to Minsk.
93

 3. :

Have you written the letter?

Where have you been?
What have you done?
Why have you done it?
Who has seen my bag?
Has Simon fed the dog?
Have the girls drunk tea or coffee?
Dirk has finished his work, hasn't he?
You have visited Dick, haven't you?

?
?
?
?
?
?
?
, ?
, ?

4. :

After I have done the sums I play.

After I have had lunch I go home.
After Irma has washed the linen she dries them.
When I have seen films I go to bed.
When we have played sports we have a rest.

, , .
.
.
, .
.

5. -:

? - ? - ?
. ? .
? . . . .

54.
2 .
, -
. , , ,
. (Passive [ ps
v] Voice) ,
, .
1. :

These juices are mixed.

The fishes are fried in this pan.
The meat must be cut in pieces.
All my works are planned.
That man is wanted.
Is the dress made of silk?
Are the things made in China?

.
.
.
.
.
?
?

to be , 3- .
, , by.
, with.
Simple Present Passive - :
am, is, are + 3
Simple Past Passive -
was, were +
Simple Future Passive -
Will be +

- .
94

 2. :

I was born in Russia.

My parents were born in 1971.
Was the letter written by this man?
The text was written with the pencil.
The work was done in time.
All works were tested.

.
1971 .
?
.
.
.

3. :

Everything will be done.

The kids will be fed.
The rooms will be cleand.
Nothing will be forgotten.

.
.
.
.

55.

. , -

- .
Thanks for coming to see me.
, .
. ,
, - ,
(omplex object).
, ,
, . :
) : to see , to feel , to hear ...:
I felt her stroke my hand.
, .
He heard the clock strike twelve.
, .
) : to know , to think , to understand ,
We know him to be a good father.
, .
I understand him to be a good cook.
, .
) to make, to get (, ), to let , help
I made her believe this story.
.
Mum makes me to drink the juice.
.
The teacher got me to retell the text.
.
My sister let me take her bag.
.
These people help change our life.
.
) to like , to want , to ask
I like him to do everything well.
, .
I dont like you to be late.
, .
I want you to wash the cups.
, .
My teacher asks me to help her.
.
: to see, to feel, to hear, to make, to let, to help
to.
- ,
- they, one.
They say it will be very cold.
, .
One should dress better.
.
95


, .
I know the man who is sitting in front of me.
, .
I am reading a book which is very interesting. , .
- .
, .
The bag you gave me is not big enough. , , .
The boy you have just seen is my son.
, , .

The house is nice to live in.
.
I have no one to play with.
.
This is a kid I don't need a break from.
, .
Sam is the only one who I can turn to.
, .

56.
: and , but , or than
who , , whom , whose which that ,
what , when where , why , how
1. :

The text is interesting but difficult.

Can you tell me what must I do?
I know where this boy lives.
It is a person whom we can help.
When I was in Moscow I saw the Kremlin.
I want to know why Dave is absent.
Can you show me how to write this word?

, .
, ?
, .
, .
, .
, .
, ?

2. :

The man who was here is my brother.

People who live here are very nice.
Take the pen which is on the desk.
Its the house in which my friend lives.
Give me the letter that came yesterday.
The man that we need is here.
I am sorry that this has happened.

, , .
, , .
, .
, .
, .
, , .
, .

:
if that [t] because [b
kz] before [b
f] ,
3. :

If you want some milk bring a cup.

If you like the jam you can take any more.
I like to sing because it is interesting.
I dislike algebra because it is boring.
Think before you speak.

, .
, .
, .
, .
, .

:
both [bu]... and ; either [ a
] ... or ...;
as...as ; not so as .
96

neither [ na
]... nor ...;

 4. :

Both my sister and I like music.

I want to take both cakes and sweets.
The dress must be either white or blue.
I want to have either a cat or a dog.
I saw neither that woman nor her child.
I have got neither sisters nor brothers.

, .
, .
, .
, .
, .
, .

5. :

Our street is as long as yours.

The girl is as short as that one.
Your teacher is as strict as ours.
February is not so long as January.
Nick cannot sing so well as his brother.
We must go as fast as we can.

, .
.
, .
, .
, .

6. -:

If people like roses they grow them in the garden. I dislike this white dress because it is too long for
me. We go to the disco because it is interesting there. When I was young I was very curious.
The girls who are in the yard now play tennis very well. The oldest girl has got neither mother nor
father. It is not easy both to work and to study. Can Kate sing as well as her elder sister?

57.
,
, .
, .
I. to be:
1) to be (was, were; been) :
I want to be a businessman.
.
Be ready to help us.
.
2) to be (am, are, is) , :
I am a student in the fifth form.
.
You are a very good person.
.
3) to be there is (there are);
There is a good swimming pool in our area.
.
There are a lot of new buildings in this street.
.
4) to be :
I am watching TV now.
.
My parents are having supper.
.
5) to be :
These toys are made in our town.
.
That work is done with new machines.
.
6) to be
You are to stay at home.
.
II. to have:
1) to have (had, had) , :
I want to have a dog.
.
Do you have time to help me?
?
97

2) have got :
I have got two sisters.
.
I havent got a brother.
.
3) to have on :
The girls have short dresses on.
.
The man had no hat on.
.
4) to have :
to have breakfast to have lunch to have dinner
to have supper to have a rest to have a bath
to have a good time
I have breakfast at 7 oclock.
7 .
Do you have dinner after school?
?
Let us have lunch together.
.
When does your mother have supper?
?
You dont have a rest after classes.
.
5) to have :
I have done everything.
.
He has written the letter.
.
6) to have to +
I have to ask for help.
.
My mother has to keep the house.
.
We dont have to go there.
.
III. to do:
1) to do, does (did, done) , :
I try to do everything well.
.
My mother does every work quickly.
.
How can I do this? Do as you like.
? .
2) to do :
You cant do Moscow in a day.
They did our town museum yesterday.

.
.

3) to do without
I cannot do without my friends.
.
Can you do without water?
?
4) to do :
This student reads better than I do.
.
Who took my pen? I did.
? .
I like coffee, do you?
, ?
5) to do :
Dont break your toys. Dont do that!
. !
Dont forget your friends!
!
6) to do
.
Do you know these people?
?
Did you see this film yesterday?
?
I dont do sports.
.
98

 to do to make , :
to do work
to make a mistake
to do ones lessons
to make progress
to do an exercise
to make a film
to do the shopping
to make a note
to do ones duty
to make tea
to do sums ,
to make a cake
to do sports
to make the bed

58.
(adjectives [
kt
vz])
, , .
: ,
.
,
. -er []
, -est [
st] - .
clean
cleaner
the cleanest
cheap
cheaper
the cheapest
sweet
sweeter
the sweetest
,
, :
hot
hotter
the hottest
big
bigger
the biggest
thin
thinner
the thinnest
-e r, -st.
nice
nicer
the nicest
brave
braver
the bravest
white
whiter
the whitest
y i .
dry
drier
happy
happier
easy
easier

the driest
the happiest
the easiest

than ,
of ; of all
the.
I am the happiest girl in the world. .
My friend is the strongest boy in our form. .
, -:
good
better
best ,
bad
worse [ws]
worst [wst] ,
much, mny
more
most ,
little
less
least
less, least :
less time , less knowledge less happiness
the least danger least in number
99


small [sml] smaller [sml] smallest [sml
st]
This room is small. .
That room is smaller than this one. , .
The third room is the smallest. .
1. :

I have less knowledge than you have.

I can do everything in the less time.
We got less than we asked for.
It is more or less right.
Less noise please!
The least said the better.
I am not in the least sorry for you.

, .
.
, .
.
, !
, .
.

2. :

Ken is a good student but Roy is better.

Polly is the best student.
Kate is a bad singer but Pat is worse.
Jack is the worst sportsman of the boys.
I have got many toys but Ann has more.
Nick has got most of all toys.
John was less cute than his brother.
I have less time but I work more.

, .
.
, .
.
, .
.
, .
, .

3. :

This apple is good. That apple is better. The red apple is the best. The white dress is bad. The red
dress is worse than the white. The green dress is the worst of all dresses. There is much milk in the
cup. There is more milk in the little bottle. There is most of all milk in the big green bottle.
4. :

This is the happiest day in my life. Spring is the nicest season of the year. February is the shortest
month. July is the hottest month in our place. This book is thinner than that one. This bottle is big
but I need a bigger one. The biggest box is on that shelf. That desk is the cleanest in the classroom.

more [m], most [must].
5. :

This book is more interesting than that one.

My book is the most interesting.
This writer is famous.
Those writers are more famous.
Which film is more boring this or that?
This game is more dangerous than that one.
Tea is the most usefull drink.

, .
.
.
.
, ?
, .
.

old. , ,
elder , eldest .
.
My elder sister is a teacher.
- .
Their eldest brother is a student.
, .
My father is older than my mother.
.
My grandmother is the oldest.
?
Who is the oldest in your family?
100

 6. :

My sister is younger than I. My brother is older than my sister. I am the youngest in our family. My
grandmother is the oldest. I love my elder brother. He is the strongest boy in our yard. Tim is my
best friend. I am older than he. We like to play table-tennis. It is the most interesting game for me.
.
(adverb [ dvb]) - ,
?.
: late , ;
hard , ; fast , .
ly:
bad , badly ; happy , happily .
This is a bad worker. .
He works badly. .
These are happy people. . They live happily. .
ly . :
7. :

We dont like late autumn.

The boys often come late for the lessons.
Lately I met the boys in the park.
Reading is a hard work.
All students work hard.
I hardly know that woman.
The sportsmen jump highly.
The film is highly interesting.

.
.
.
.

.
.
.

more , less
most , least .
They live more happily than we.
, .
Those people live most happily.
.
Tom writes less interesting than his friend.
, .
,
: ever [ ev] - never [ nev] often [fn] seldom
,
-er est: fast - faster - fastest .
, -:
well
better
best
badly
worse [ws]
worst [wst]
far
farther [ fd]
farthest [ fdst]
8. :

I try to do my best.
Alec reads far better than I do.
You need to sleep more.
Dick paints worse than his sister does.
Sam writes worst of all.
The boy works least of all.
I live farther from school than my friend.
Bob lives farthest.

, .
, .
.
, .
.
.
, .
.
101

 59.
.
. .
the [] [] , :
the aim the egg the apple the art the ice the exercise the open file
a [] an [n] ,
, :
an egg an apple an uncle an artist an answer an exercise
an open box an old man an empty glass an easy story
an interesting book an English text an exciting film
an ,
h:
an hour an honest man an honorary title
:
1. :
It is a book. . I see a boy. .
2. "-", "", " .":
I need a plate. .
3. :
Kate is a student. .
4. have :
I have a friend. . He has a computer. .
5.
. :
I need books. . I have friends. .
6. ,
:
People need love. .

1. :
I see a house. . The house is new. .
2. , :
Please, take the book. , , .
3. :
Give me the blue file. .
4. :
I need the table. . ( .)
5. : the sky, the radio [ re
d
u]
The sky is blue. .
,
.
I love my home. . We need five books. .
.
This boy is Ike Green. . We live in Orsk. .
,
, -
: the Petrovs , the Greens .
102

 60.
in -

on -

in the safe
in the street
in June

on the table
on the label
on Sunday

at home
at the window
at two oclock

to [t] , ,

into [
nt] ,

for [f] , , :

to the disco
to Moscow
to me

into the case

into the room
into the lake

for children
for three days
for peace

out of [ autv] , -,

from [from] , , , :

among [ m] ,

out of the window

out of love -

From home
From the table

among the trees

among people

with [w
]

without [w
aut]

about [ baut] ,

with the friends c

with the chalk

Without money
Without moving

about people
about the garden

of [ov]

by [ba
] ,

round [ raund] ,

a cup of tea
one of them

by the river
by car

round the Sun

round 5 roubles 5

around [ raund] ,

under [ nd] ,

below [b
lu] ,

around the word

around the country

Under the car

Under the sky

below zero
below the surface

above [ bv]

over [ uv] ,

up [p] ,

above zero
above the piano

over the city

over the river

up the tree
up the street

beyond [b
jond] ,

behind [b
ha
nd]

after [ ft] , :

beyond the forest

beyond hope

Behind the sofa

Behind us

after classes
after a year

near [n
] ,

before [b
f] ,

in front [frnt] of...

near here
near him

Before me
Before dinner

in front of the sofa

in front of the list

since [s
ns] ,

till

until [n t
l]

since friday
since 5 o'clock

till now
From I till 2

until Wednesday
until 3 o'clock

at [t] , , , :

between [b
twn]

in the middle [m
dl] of...

Between Riga and Orsk

Between you and me

in the middle of the room

in the middle of the street

opposite [ opz
t]

against [ genst] ,

Opposite the window

Opposite each other

against enemies
for or against

103

 IV.
,
, c .

61. a
I. a [e
]:
name game take make plate late cake face place age page cage stage save say stay pay
play day may rain train pain paint wait aim lady baby lazy case aid
hail mail railway station [re
lwe
ste
n] behaviour [b
he
v
]
betray [b
tre
] traitor [ tre
t] racism [re
s
zm]
1. :

The mail is late today.

Dont make us wait for you.
The railway station is far from our house.
You are making a lot of mistakes.
What is your aim in life?
Can you give first aid?
I dont like your behaviour.
Behave yourself!
We never betray our friends.
Ill do it in no case.

.
.
.
.
?
?
.
!
.
.

II. a [e]:
any [ en
] anything [ en

] - many [ men
] says [sez]
said [sed] again [ gen] against [ genst] ate [et]
2. :

Do you need any cakes?

We need many plates.
Kate says she ate cakes in the morning.
Jake says he will come again.
Who said these words? I said nothing.
We have nothing against it.
We are against the racism.

?
.
, .
, .
? .
.
.

III. a [] :
family [ fm
l
] animal [n
ml] talented [tlent
d]
capital [ kp
tl] manage [ mn
] damage [ dm
]
magazine [ mgz
n] January [ njur
] Canada [ knd] camera
[ kmr] habit [ hb
t] fashion [ fn] salad [sld]
3. :

The capital of Russia is Moscow.

Write this word with capital letters.
My friends family lives in Canada.
Jack is a talented person.
We are three in the family.
My sister and I like to read magazines.
We try to dress in the latest fashion.
Look out! You can damage my camera!

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
! !
104

 62. a . a ss, st, sk

I. a []:
cat that bad mad can man pan plan apple stand back black pack badge
catch match bank frank thank hang absent actor angry carry marry happy
happen [ hpn] matter [ mt] tablet [ tbl
t] ,
traffic [ trf
k] factory [ fktr
] accident [ ks
dent]
ambulance [ mbjulns] badminton [ bdm
ntn]
appetite [ p
ta
t] sandwich [ snw
] language [ lgw
]
chapter [pt] chat [t] hacker [ hk] ,
1. :

You are so sad! What is the matter?

What happened with my friend?
Sam is absent. He had an accident.
He needs an ambulance.
You must look at the traffic lights.
Take a ham sandwich please.
I lost my appetite.
The appetite comes with eating.
You have to take the tablet.
There is a memorial tablet on that wall.

. ?
?
. .
.
.
, .
.
.
.
.

2. :

Nick is a well known hacker.

Nicks father manages a factory.
Frank plays badminton very well.
My friend can speak a lot of languages.
What language are they speaking now?
What does it matter? It doesnt matter.
Stop chattering, please.

.
.
.
.
?
? .
, , .

II. a [e
] nge, ble, pr

change [e
n] strange [stre
n] danger [ de
n]
able [e
bl] table [te
bl] stable [ste
bl] fable [fe
bl]
April [ e
prl] apron [ e
prn] apricot [ e
pr
kt]
3. :

Jane is able.
She is able to read the fables.
Jack is a stranger here.
May we change the table?
May I take a stable table?
Kate is able to lay the table.
May I change the apron?
Where can we buy apricots?
There are no apricots in April.

.
.
.
?
?
.
?
?
.

II.
a [e
] ste, sty
taste [te
st]
paste [pe
st] ,
waste [we
st]
haste [he
st]
hasty [ he
st
]
tasty [ te
st
]

105

 4. :

Give me a tube of paste.

The toothpaste is on the shelf.
Try the paste, its tasty.
You have a good taste.
We are only wasting time.
Make haste, we are late.
Never do anything in haste.
Haste makes waste.

.
.
, .
.
.
, .
.
.

IV. a ss, st, sk [].

pass
past ,
chance
France
class
last
answer [ ns]
glass
fast ,
bath [b ]
grass
master
father
ask
after
rather [r]
task
plant
half [hf]
mask
can't
example [
g zmpl]
basket
dance
: France [frns] , French [fren] , ,
the French , Paris [ pr
s ]
5. :

The French live in France.

The capital of France is Paris.
People speak French in France.
I can't speak French.
Who is going to France?
I have a chance to go to France.
It is a happy chance. Shall we dance?
I often go to the dancing club.

.
.
- .
-.
?
.
. !
.

6. :

May I ask you?

You can ask any question.
I am glad to answer your questions.
What task are you doing?
Ask the teacher to help you.
We wrote this task last time.
It's rather simple.
I must do half of the task.
It is already half past nine.
Where will you go after classes?

?
.
.
?
.
.
.
.
.
?

7. :

Pass the basket to the master.

Do you see a glass on the grass?
Yesterday I broke a glass by chance.
I dont like fast food.
Pass me my glasses, please.
Where is your classroom?

.
?
.
.
, .
?
106

 8. :

II read books about plants.

After classes children plant trees.
Your father is an example for you.
People cant change their past.
See you at half past six.

.
.
.
.
.

:
classmate [ klsme
t] looking-glass [ luk
gls] passport [ pspt]
afternoon [,ft nn] Good afternoon! !
9. -:

Our classroom is rather large. My classmates like to ask questions to the teacher. Our teacher
answers their questions. We never waste time. I usually go home after classes. I never do my
homework in haste. We like to play basketball in the yard. After the game I take a bath.
: a - :
class [kls]
classic [ kls
k]
nature [ ne
]
natural [ nrl]
nation [ nen]
national [ nnl]

63. ar, arr, are, air

I. ar [] (3 )
car far park yard garden start part mark dark smart art arm army March large
scarf harm , charm , charming
sharp hard bark carpet market charge [] ,
harvest [hv
st] marvel [mvl] marvellous [mvls]
argue [gj] argument [gjment] , regard [r
gd]
1. :

Why is the dog barking?

This charming pappy is a perfect marvel.
What are you arguing about?
We often argue about little things.
Dont argue with me.
Dont try to argue that black is white.
It is a weak argument.
We had an argument over the game.

?
.
?
.
.
, .
.
- .

2. :

The day is marvellous.

Martin sells the harvest at the market.
Give him my regards.
Who has charge of the harvest?
I leave these things on your charge.
Keeping is free of charge.

.
.
.
?
.
.

II. a [] r
parrot [prt] carrot [krt] carry [kr
] carriage [kr
]
marry [mr
] married [mr
d] marriage [mr
]
barrel [brl] barren [brn] ,
107

 3. :

The man carried a sack of carrot.

The girl carried a big parrot.
The car carried a barrel of kvass.
Our carriage is number five.
Nick is married. Kate is married too.
My sister is going to marry.
Pat and Dave are going to get married.
I hope it will be a happy marriage.
It is a barren argument.

.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
, .
.

III. ar, arr w, qu [] []:

war warn warm wardrobe award [ wd]
warrant [ wrnt] quarter [ k wt] quarrel [ kwrl]
4. :

The warm clothes are in that wardrobe.

Can Charles get war awards?
Mark and Warren quarrel often.
We cannot warrant their quarrels.
You must warn Warren.
We can meet at a quarter to six.

.
?
.
.
.
.

IV. are [e] (4 )

care [ke] hare [he] square [skwe] spare [spe]
share [e] ; prepare [pr
pe] compare [km pe] area [ er
]
parents [ p ernts] grandparents [ grn perents]
5. :

Our area is larger than yours.

We can compare our areas.
Our grandparents need much care.
The girls are there, in the square.
We must prepare for the lessons.
My parents have no spare time.

, .
.
.
, .
.
.

V. air [e]
air [e] airport [ ept] pair [pe] stair [ste]
fair [fe] hair [he] hairstyle [ hesta
l] chair [e]
arm-chair [ me] repair [r
pe] dairy [ der
]
fairy [ fer
] fairy-tale [ fer
te
l] aquarium [ kwer
m] ;
upstairs [ pstez] , downstairs [ daunstez] ,
: Claire [kle] , Mary [mer
]
6. :

We must air the room.

People need fresh air.
How can we get to the airport?
Is there a dairy in the square?
I must repair our aquarium.
My parents often repair the stairs.

.
.
?
?
.

108

 7. :

Where is that pair of boots?

Claire put this pair on the chair.
I like Mary's hair.
Her hair is fair and thick.
I want to cut my hair.
Can you tell me a fairy-tale?
My parents live upstairs.
I slipped and fell downstairs.

?
.
.
.
.
?
.
.

VI. aer [er]

aerial [eril] aeroplane [erple
n] aerodrom [erdrum]
aerate [ere
t] , aerated [ere
t
d] water
8. -:

Is there a large square in that area? There are two squares there. What is there in Red Square? There
is a Kremlin there. Animals need much care. Mary takes care of the animals. How many chairs are
there in the classroom? Have you got a spare chair? Is there an armchair in your room? Who can
repair this stair? Where are my grandparents? They are upstairs. They like to read fairy-tales to us.

64. wa, all, aw, au

I. a w (wh) [] []:
what want was watch , watchman [ wmen]
t]
wash washing machine [ w
m ,n] water [ w
1. :

I want to watch TV. What film do you want to see? These people want to see the watchman. The
watchman was there. My dog is watching the box. I like watchdogs. I want to wash my hands and
face. Where can I wash my clothes? The washing machine is in the bathroom. The water is warm.
want:
I want to help you.
.
I want you to help me.
, .
My mother wants me to do it.
, .
What do you want me to do?
, ?
II. a I (I + ) []:
all ball call hall , small tall fall
wall wallet [wl
t] salt [slt] also [ lsu] always [ lwe
z]
2. :

All balls are in the hall.

Call that tall man.
Can you call me?
Wally can call the doctor.
I always watch TV in the hall.
We want to play ball.
You can fall into the water.
The wallet was in the water.
The water was not salty at all.
Walter was too small.
When I was small I was curious.

.
.
?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
109

 :
algebra [ l
br] allergy [ l
] allergic [ l
k]
alphabet [ lfbt] album [ lbm] alley [l
] ally [la
]
shall [l]
3. :

There is a marvellous alley in the park.

That man is our ally.
Do you know the English alphabet?
Shall we write the alphabet?
I always have algebra on Saturdays.
Do you have a family album?
There are many photos in my album.
I am allergic to fish.
Allergy is dangerous.

.
.
?
, .
.
?
.
.
.

: l k :
talk [tk] , walk [wk] ,
chalk [k] stalk [stk]
4. :

I often talk with Walter.

I want to talk to his teacher.
Who is talking over phone?
What are you talking about?
We are talking about our walk.
You must walk more.
The children need some chalk.

.
.
?
?
.
.
.

III. aw []:
draw [dr] law [l] saw [s] straw [str]
strawberry [ strbr
] lawyer [ lj] , awful [fl]
awfully [fl
] , thaw [] ,
5. :

The weather is awful today.

I am awfully glad to see you.
Its spring. It is thawing.
In March we usually have a thaw.
What do you want to draw?
I want to draw a wardrobe.
Give me a straw, I want to drink.
Who saw my straw?
The strawberries are tasty.
My brother wants to be a lawyer.
He wants to know laws well.

.
.
. .
.
?
.
, .
?
.
.
.

IV. au [], []:

August [ gst]
tm]
Autumn [ 
author [ ]
daughter [ dt]

naughty [ nt
]
fault [flt]
cause [kz]
because [b
kz]
110

sauce [ss]
saucer [ ss]
sausage [ ss
]
sausages [ ss

z]

 au : Austria [ str
] ,
Australia [ s tre
l
] ; : Claude [kld] , Paul [pl] ;
: Audrey [ dr
] , Laura [ lr] .
au :
catch caught [kt] caught teach taught [tt] taught
6. :

That autumn was warm.

Laura was in Austria and Australia.
She is the author of two books.
Australia is larger than Austria.
Paul has a small daughter.
We saw his daughter in autumn.
His daughter is so naughty!
Claude's daughter taught me drawing.

.
.
.
.
.
.
!
.

7. :

The fire can cause big damage.

Don't be late without good cause.
I am late because of the bus. Its not my fault.
Paul is absent because he caught cold.
Do you want meat with sauce?
Help yourself to the sausages.
Where is the small saucer?

.
.
- . .
, .
?
.
?

III. au []:
aunt [nt] laugh [lf] draught [drft] draughts [drfts]
8. :

My aunt and uncle are farmers.

My aunt sells fruit at the market.
I always play with her small son.
Why are you laughing? Don't laugh at me.
Don't make me laugh.
Let us play draughts.
Don't sit in the draught.

.
.
.
? .
.
.
.

10. -:

I saw my aunt last autumn. I like to play draughts with her small daughter. We always laugh at her
naughty cat. I saw my aunt's daughter in August. Aunt Audry was in Austria last month. Her
daughter likes apricots and strawberry. Who can bring a saucer? Wally does the exercises in algebra
with Harry. The girls often watch TV in the hall. They want to play ball on this warm day.
: a :
1. [e
] name take paint wait say able table change danger apron apricot taste haste
2. [] man can back have capital animal family carry marry album January Saturday
3. [] car far yard garden class pass ask past dance chance father aunt laugh draughts
4. [e] hare care spare share parent prepare air chair hair fair pair stair aerial aeroplane
5. [e] many any again against says said ate
6. [] what was want wash watch wallet warrant quarrel because sausage
7. [] water war warm wall all ball call salt straw draw saw thaw awfull autumn August
author cause sauce saucer fault daughter naughty caught taught quarter
111

 65. e
I. e []:
we he she me these see green tree three free feed need week street cheese keep sleep
feel seem seek deep indeed deed
sweep freeze needle bleed agree [ gr]
adreement [ grmnt] degree [d
gr] greet
1. :

The sea seems to be deep.

This sea is deep indeed.
The kids sleep is deep.
This cloth is deep green.
What are you seeking for?
I need a big needle.
Can you do a good deed?
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Do you agree with me?
We made an agreement with the team.
A lot of people greeted our team.

.
.
.
- .
?
.
?
.
?
.
.

2. :

I am freezing.
How many degrees today?
It is ten degrees below zero today.
I feel draught. The kid feels badly.
My nose is bleeding.
The doctor must to feel your pulse.
I feel for you deeply.
I am feeling fine now.

.
?
.
. .
.
.
.
.

II. e [e] :
lemon [ lemn] metal [metl] medal [medl] several [ sevrl]
telegram [ tel
grm] medicine [ meds
n] menu [ menj]
memory [ memr
] melody [ meld
] enemy [ enm
] ever [ ev] -
never [ nev] clever [ klev] pedigree [ ped
gr] ,
3. :

What is there on the menu today?

Do you drink tea with lemon?
You must take the medicine for cold.
I sent several telegrams to these people.
We keep our friend's memory.
Is this animal our friend or enemy?
This pedigree dog is very clever.
Do you know your pedigree?
Have we ever met before?

?
?
.
.
.
?
.
?
- ?

III. e [e]:
pen ten text bed leg let get egg sell smell well tell dress desk check send chess
fresh help letter lesson seldom remember address [ dres] umbrella [m brel]
domestic [d mest
k] welcome [ welkm] , temper
112

 4. :

Fresh roses smell very well.

Nell wants to sell ten fresh eggs.
Can you tell us Nells address?
I remember your home address.
My aunt has a lot of domestic animals.
Dont forget to take your umbrella!
I seldom send letters to my pen friend.
How are you getting on?
You are always welcome to our house.

.
.
?
.
.
!
.
?
.

IV. e [
] []: English England

pretty [ pr
t
] secret [skr
t] zebra [zbr]
: secret [ skr
t] secretary [ sekretr
]
5. :

I saw a zebra in our zoo.

Can you keep secrets?
Who is this pretty girl?
This is a top secret.
She speaks English well.
She is our secretary.

.
?
?
.
-.
.

6. :

We see red pens on the desk. Who needs these pens? Can you tell me when the lesson starts? Let
me see. The English lesson starts at ten oclock. Is everybody present in the lesson? We never miss
our lessons. I seldom make mistakes. I always try to help my friends. We usually get good marks.

66. ea
I. ea []:
lead team dream , mean meat clean
cream peace beach weak reason breathe [br]
tease meal , deal beat treat ,
heat reach leaf leaves leave ,
1. :

This dream-team can beat every team.

Weak players must leave the team.
Who can lead this team?
People want to live in peace.
Please, dont tease the animals.
It is mean of you to beat animals.
What do you mean by that?
What is the meaning of this word?

.
.
?
.
, .
.
?
?

2. :

We have three meals a day.

Treat the kids to cream.
The boy was treated very well.
The doctor treated him for a bad cold.
We want to breathe fresh air.
The leaves of the trees are green in summer.

.
.
.
.
.
.
113

 : , []
[e] 2 3 . .

meet met met

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

keep kept kept

sleep slept slept

sweep swept swept

weep wept wept

mean meant meant

lead led led

read read read

leave left left

deal dealt dealt

dream dreamt dreamt

lean leant leant

leap leapt leapt

speed sped sped

,
, :
dreamed [drmd] leaned [lnd] leaped [lpt] speeded [spd
d]
, .
3. :

I had a funny dream last night.

I dreamed about you.
I dreamt that I was at home.
These people dreamed of a happiness.
The cars sped along the road.
They went at top speed.
We speaded our steps .

.
.
, .
.
.
.
.

II. ea [e]:
heaven [ hevn] ,
head
death [de]
bread
breath [bre]
breakfast [ brekfst]
dead
health [hel]
peasant [ peznt]
dread
wealth [wel]
pleasant [ pleznt]
ready
weather [ we]
pleasure [ ple
]
breast
thread [red]
measure [ me
]
sweater
heavy [ hev
]
treasure [ tre
]
headline [ hedla
n] headache [ hede
k] at the head
4. :

I have breakfast at eight oclock.

What do we have for breakfast?
The children are ready for breakfast.
Are you a fan of "Heavy Metal" style?
I have a headache.
Must I read the headline?
We feel the breath of spring.

.
?
.
" "?
.
?
.

5. :

The kid is wet from head to foot.

I put on a warm sweater in bad weather.
Health is better than wealth.
Please, thread a needle.
Its a pleasure to help you.
You must take measures.
We can save the treasure.

.
.
, .
, , .
.
.
.
114

:
please [plz] pleasant [ pleznt]
weather [ we] whether [ we]

pleasure [ ple
]

6. :

The weather will be good.

I dont know whether it is true or not.
This is what I think whether right or wrong.
We are pleased with your answer.
Reading will please you.
Do as you please.
The day is so pleasant!
It's pleasant to deal out gifts.
We take pleasure in the music .

.
, .
, .
.
.
, .
!
.
.

III. ea [e
]:
break [bre
k] , steak [ste
k] ,
great [gre
t] , Great Britain [ br
tn]
7. :

Please, take this great steak.

With great pleasure!
Don't break the game!
The car went at great speed.
We are going for a break. It's great!
Green is a great writer.
Great Britain is a great state.
England is a part of Great Britain.

, .
!
!
.
. !
.
.
.

IV. ea [
]:
idea [a
d
] ideal [a
d
l] theatre [
t]
real [r
l] really [ r
l
] realize [ r
la
z]
8. :

I have a good idea. Really?

Let us go to the theatre!
It's a really great idea.
How can we realize this idea?
Bob is an ideal actor.
What is his real name?

. ?
!
.
?
.
?

V. ea -:
react [r
kt] reaction [r
kn ] create [kr
e
t]
creation [kr
e
n] beauty [ b jt
] beautiful [ bjt
fl]
9. :

We must react to the situation.

Our reaction must be quick.
What can these people create?
Bertha is a good creature.
This girl is very beautiful.
She can be a beauty queen.

.
.
?
.
.
.
115

 ea :
tea eat speak weak please cream team dream clean mean teach peach
[]
beach each cheap read lead jeans please season reason leave creature
head bread dead breast breath death health wealth sweater peasant
[e]
pleasant pleasure treasure measure weather breakfast ready already heavy
great break steak
[e
]
idea ideal real really realize theatre
[
]
[
] react reaction reality
[
e
] create creation
10. -:

The second break is longer than the first. We have time to have breakfast. Do you eat meat for
breakfast? We eat steaks with black bread. Will you buy some bread? I have a headache. The
weather is not pleasant today. Are you ready to go to the theatre in this weather? I always go to the
theatre with great pleasure. I am ready to realize all my ideas. Please, put on your green sweater.

67. ear, eer, eri, era, ero

I. ear []:
learn [ln] , earth [] heard [hd] search [s]
n] earnest [ n
st]
early [ l
] yearly [ jl
] earn [ 
1. :

We live on the earth. The Earth is our home.

The Earth goes round the Sun.
I like early autumn.
I eat early fruit with great pleasure.
I hate getting up early.
Search for your textbook.
Our teacher likes earnest students.
We learn English with great pleasure.
We learn a lot of interesting things.
How much does a teacher earn yearly?

. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
?

II. ear []:

heart [ht] by heart hearth [h] ,
heart attack [ tk] e heart-ache [ hte
k]
2. :

I heard the song "You Are My Heart".

Open me your heart!
I love you with all my heart.
You have a soft heart.
I have a heart-ache.
The man is having a heart attack.
We learn texts by heart.
Is there a hearth in your house?
Everybody needs hearth and home.

" ".
!
.
.
.
.
.
?
.

III. ear [e]:

bear , pear wear swear ,
116

 3. :

Must I prepare pear juice?

I can't bear these pears.
Where is my teddy-bear?
The bear and the hare are there.
I can swear I heard this melody.
I swear to do everything for you.
Stop swearing!
Dont say swearwords.
What do they wear in this season?
I like to wear short hair.

?
.
?
.
, .
, .
!
.
?
.

IV. ear [
]:

near dear fear clear , hear
ear year [j
] beard [b
d] appear [ p
]
4. :

Come here, my dear!

Never fear, my dear. I am here.
Please, be near here.
I see that man with a grey beard.
Do you hear me? I dont hear your.
My left ear doesnt hear.
The sky is so clear today!
May I clear the table?
Its a really good idea, my dear!

, !
, . .
, .
.
? .
.
!
?
, !

, : tear [te] tear [t
] .

Tear this paper. .
I see tears in her eyes. .
[]
[e]
[
]
[]

, ear :
earn earnest earth early yearly learn heard search
bear pear wear swear
ear hear year dear near clear beard appear
heart hearth

V. [
] eer, ere, eri, era, ero:

cheer [
] career [k r
] engineer [,en
n
] pioneer [,pa
n
]
hero [ h
ru] zero [ z
ru] serial [ s
r
l]
5. :

My father is an engineer.
I want to be an engineer too.
The career of an engineer is not easy.
I dream of a good career.
We like serials about pioneers.
This pioneer is a real hero.
Not everybody can be a hero.
I like the hero of that serial.
Everyone cheered our team.
Cheer up, my dear friends!

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, !
117

 68. ei, ey
I. ei, ey [], [
]:
key [k] receive [r
sv] receipt [r
st] ceiling [ sl
]
deceive [d
sv] deceit [d
st] ; being [ b
] ;
II. ei, ey [e
], [e]:
grey they obey [ be
] eight neighbour [ ne
b]
beige [ be

] weigh [we
] weight [we
t] leisure [ le
]
1. :

The boy dreamed of being a hero

What do you do at leisure?
Do you obey your teachers?
It's a pleasure to play at leisure.
I know my neighbours very well.
They are eight in the family.
My neighbours often receive telegrams.
We receive letters from Great Britain.
The receipt is in the beige file.

.
?
?
.
.
.
.
.
.

2. :

How much do you weigh?

Do you know your weight?
Please, weigh the sugar.
I see a great spot on the ceiling.
Please, don't deceive me!
I never deceive anybody.
I hate deceits.

?
?
, .
.
, .
.
.

III. ei, ey [a
]:

eyes [a
z] height [ha
t] , either [ a
] neither [ na
]
either - neithernor -
3. :

My sister has grey eyes.

What is her height?
Do you know your weight and height?
You may take either cake.
I take neither.
I don't eat cakes either.
Either of us can help you.
Neither of you is ready for the lesson.
We are neither friends nor enemies.
I have neither brothers nor sisters.
He has no brothers or sisters either.
[]
[e]
[e
]
[a
]

.
?
?
.
.
.
.
.
, .
, .
.

, ei, ey :
key
receive receipt
deceive
deceit
leisure
grey
they
eight
weigh
weight
eyes
either
neither
height
118

ceiling

[
] being

neighbour

obey

beige

 4. -:

I know neither my weight nor my height. Bert doesn't know his height and weight either. Can your
friend weigh eight peaches? Where is my key? Where is the receipt? I see neither key nor receipt.
They are in the grey bag. Do you receive letters from your pen friend? We receive many letters.
I like to read magazines at leisure. I like to play with my neighbours daughter. I like her grey eyes.

69. eu, ew, eur, ewar

I. eu, ew, iew [j]:
neutral [ njtrl] feudal [ fjdl] few [fj] stew [stj]
knew [nj] new [nj] news [newz] newspaper [ njspe
p]
nephew [ newj] view [vj] interview [
ntvj]
: Eugene [ jn] , : Eugenia [j n
]
: museum [mj z
m] sew [u]
II. eur, ewar [ju], [j]:
Europe [ jurp] euro [jru] ( )
steward [ stjd] stewardess [ stjd
s]
1. :

Eugene lives in Europe.

The state is in the centre of Europe.
This is a neutral state.
I am neutral in your quarrel.
Best wishes for the New Year!
Happy New Year!
I like to decorate New Year Trees.
Will you go to the New Year party?

.
.
.
.
!
!
.
?

2. :

Eugenes nephew was a student.

He knew few students.
He was new in the class.
Eugenia can sew and knit.
We like theatres and museums.
Do you know the news?
I want to be a stewardess.

.
.
.
.
.
?
.

ew :
New York [,nj jk] -, New Zealand [,nj zlnd ] .
3. :

New York is a large city in America.

New Zealand is far from Europe.
New Zealand is near Australia.
They speak English in New Zealand.
We learn news from newspapers.
This is a neutral newspaper.
What is your point of view?
The view from our window is fine.
Where can I buy views of your city?
Did you read Eugenes interview?

- .
.
.
-.
.
.
?
.
?
?
119

III. eu, ew [] ch, r, l, j:

brew [br] drew [dr] grew [gr] threw [r]
flew [fl] chew [] chewing gum [ 
gm]
: Lew [l] , Reuben [rbn]
4. :

Reuben and Lew are friends. They grew together.

Reuben drew very well.
Lew grew fruits and vegetables.
His nephew flew to New York.
Take the chewing gum, please.
I can brew tea for you.
A big fly flew into the room.
Who threw the ball?

. .
.
.
-.
, .
.
.
?

70. er, err, ere

I. er [] ( ):
her nerve serve [sv] service [sv
s] perfume [pfjm] ,
person [psn] perfect [ pf
kt] interpreter [
n tpr
t]
university [,jn
vst
] certainly [ stnl
] prefer [pr
f]
Germany [ mn
] Berlin [b l
n]
: clerk [klk]
1. :

The capital of Germany is Berlin.

Bertha is from Germany.
She is a student of the university.
She wants to be an interpreter.
Bertha is a perfect person in everything.
This is my personal opinion.
I know her and her best friend Ernest.
They both go to the university.

.
.
.
.

.
.
.

2. :

These people need an interpreter.

What sort of person is Bert?
This person gets on my nerves.
I always feel nervous when we have tests.
Dont be nervous!
My parents serve in an office.
My sister is a clerk too.
What perfume do you prefer?
Certainly I prefer the perfume of roses.

.
?
.
, .
!
.
.
?
, .

II. e [e] r:
berry cherry merry errand [ernd] error [er] ;
terror [ ter] , terrorist [ terr
st] terrible [ ter
bl]
herring [ her
] ;
: err []
III. ere - :
where [we] there [e] here [h
] were [w]
120

 3. :

Where were Bertha and Ernest?

They were not together.
Bertha was here and her friends were there.
Where were there many herbs?
There is a cherry-tree in my garden.
Bert went on my errand.
I see an error in the text.
Everybody can err.
I prefer not to err.

?
.
, .
?
.
.
.
.
.

. e :
1. [] be she tree need eat tea speak read people ceiling receive key secret zebra
2. [e] ten pen red berry cherry error enemy lemon telegram head bread breakfast leisure
3. [
] pretty English England
4. [] her herb nerve serve perfect person early yearly earnest learn earth were err
5. [e
] great break steak grey they eight obey weight neighbour
6. [
] idea ideal real theatre museum ear hear year near dear fear beard appear here
7. [] where there their wear bear pear swear
8. [a
] eyes either neither height
9. [] clerk heart hearth
10. [j] few new news newspaper nephew neutral feudal
11. [] flew chew brew grew drew threw
12. [u] sew

71. i . ie, ia, io

I. i [a
]:
hi pie tie die five nine like life time nice fine write white wife side advice
lie ; smile slice shine drive prize
crime tiger [ ta
g] climate [ kla
m
t] private [ pra
v
t]
besides [b
sa
dz] recite [r
sa
t] describe [ d
skra
b]
1. :

I like your nice smile.

I like to recite the poems.
Describe Mikes life.
We know nothing about his private life.
Mikes wife is a nice woman.
Lisa can drive a car.
The climate of our place is fine.
Russia lies in Europe and Asia.
Its pleasant to lie in the sun.
Never lie. I cant stand lies.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .

II. i [a
] (i + ):
client [ kla
nt] giant [ a
nt] science[ sa
ns] scientist [ sa
nt
st]
violet [ va
l
t] violin [,va
ln] lion [ la
n] dial [ da
l]
dialogue [ da
lg] diary [ da
r
] diet [ da
t] diabetes [,da
bts]
121

 [a
] : Violet [ va
l
t] , Sophia [su fa
]

: Lionel [ la
nl] , Brian [ bra
n]
2. :

Is Brian a scientist? I want to be a scientist. I keep a diary. Lionel often buys violets. His wife likes
violets. Lionel's mother needs a diet. The doctor can advise a diet. Who can play the violin? Violet
plays the violin very well. Brian likes lions. Tigers and lions live in our zoo. That lion's name is
Giant. Read the dialogue, please. On what page is the dialogue? Please, dial this telephone number.
III. i []:
grief brief thief [f] field piece [ps] niece [ns]
believe [b
lv] ski marine [ m rn] police [p ls]
3. :

We often skate and ski.

We skied in the field yesterday.
Tell us in brief about your niece.
We learn marine life.
Take a piece of chalk from the box.
Thieves steal things.
It is a great grief.
We must call the police.
Do you believe me? You must believe me.
I dont believe you.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
? .
.

IV. i [
]: live give cinema city finish

visit [ v
z
t] river [ r
v] linen [ l
n
n] opinion [ p
n
n]
spirit [ sp
r
t] in good spirits clinic
similar [ s
m
l] militia [m
l
] militiaman [m
l
mn]
4. :

Violet often visits her niece.

Her niece is very nice.
They live near the river.
Women wash linen in the river.
Kitty is in good spirits today.
We have similar interests.
I like films about our militia.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

V. i -:
friend piano [p
nu] pianist [pn
st] ;
Diana [da
n]
5. :

Can your friend play the piano?

Diana is a good pianist.
Brian is a great scientist.
Mike writes articles about tigers and lions.
Sometimes he gives interviews for newspapers.
His niece Sophia is a nice girl.
She plays the piano and the violin very well.
Sophia often visits our city.

?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
122

 72. i . ind, ild, igh

I. i [
]:
is his this big ill kill fill sit fix six sing bring sink drink kiss miss milk thick
thin with dish wish bridge kitchen dinner begin winter window interesting literature
trip ship rich hit fill still ; single [s
gl]
victory [ v
ktr
] difficult [ d
f
klt] Internet [
ntnet]
history [ h
str
] dictionary [ d
knr
] institute [
nst
tjt]
village [v
l
] ticket [t
k
t] , admit [d m
t] ,
admission [d m
n] , commit [k m
t] forbid [f b
d]
1. :

I seldom visit my friends in the village.

My sister is still single.
We swim in a still river.
I like to fish from the bridge.
At nine o'clock I finish fishing.
On the 9th of May is Victory Day.
It is difficult to win a victory.
We must know our history.
I need a dictionary.
When did Billy finish the institute?

.
.
.
.
9 .
.
.
.
.
?

2. :

I admit that I was wrong.

I amit it to be true.
Nick made a frank admission.
Admission to the museum is one dollar.
No admission.
Where can we buy tickets for a concert?
Children are admitted free.
The boy commited an error.
His mother forbids him to go on a trip.
I am forbidden to swim in the river.

, .
, .
.
.
.
?
.
.
.
.

II. i [a
]:
idle [a
dl] title [ta
tl] rifle [ra
fl] trifle [tra
fl]
sign [sa
n] microphone [ ma
krfun] library [ la
brr
] librarian
[la
brr
n] isle [a
l], island [ 'a
lnd] British Isles
3. :

What book did you take from the library?

What was the title of that book?
Do you visit the school library?
My mother is a librarian.
She brings books from the library.
Librarians give out books.
My mother is idle now.
Dont waste time on trifles.
How many islands are there in the sea?
Have you ever been to the British Isles?

?
?
?
.
.
.
.
.
?
?
123

 :
sign [sa
n] signal [ s
gnl] distress [d
s tres] signal
signature [ s
gn] design [d
za
n] ; designer [d
za
n]
crime [kra
m] criminal [kr
m
nl] ,
invite [
n va
t] ivitation [ ,
nv
te
n]
4. :

Bill ivited us to his wedding.

Who can sign the invitation?
Whose signature do you need?
Can you design a dress?
I want to be a designer.
The ship gave distress signal.
Who commited the crime?
That man is a criminal.

.
?
?
?
.
.
?
.

III. i -ld, -nd [a
]:

mind
hind
blind
kind
behind [b
ha
nd]
mild
find
wild
remind [r
ma
nd]
bind
child
wind [wa
nd]
: children [ 
ldrn] wind [w
nd] kindergarten [ kindgtn]
5. :

This blind child is as mild as an angel.

I like this kind child.
My friends find me kind.
Can you find information on the Internet?
What kind of person is Mike?
Mike is a wild child.
Never mind! Be kind to this child.
Keep kind in mind.
Bind the dog behind the house.

.
.
, .
?
?
.
! .
.
.

4. :

Tigers and lions are wild animals.

They live in wild.
The climate in Great Britain is mild.
We like this mild spring.
I hate wild wind.
Remind me to wind the clock.
This child reminds me of his brother.
Both children go to the kindergarten.

.
.
.
.
.
, .
.
.

IV. igh [a
]:

high
fight
right ,
night
bright ,
light ;
tight
lighten [ la
tn] ;
tights
lightning [ la
tn
]
sight ,
frighten [ fra
tn]
124

 6. :

I like bright days and light nights.

This wild wind frightens people.
It thunders and lightens all the day.
You can find Ike behind the tree.
Simon and Mike often fight.
Out f sight, out of mind.
Who is a high flyer in English?
Fly high in English!

.
.
.
.
.
.
?
!

7. -:

There are many islands in that sea. The largest island is to the right. This wild wind may frighten
Brian. Am I right? Give him a signal. The night is dark. I like bright days. Do you have a bad sight?
It's not a trifle. It may be a bad sign. Give me the pills. Who signed this list? Whose signature is
this? Did you take that book from the library? My sister is a librarian. I want to be a designer.

73. ir, irr, ire, ira

I. ir [] (3 ):
girl fir first third bird birthday
sir stir birch firm , shirk skirt
shirt T-shirt [ t t] thirst [st] dirty [dt
]
circle [skl] circus [sks] birthplace [ bple
s] ;
1. :

The girls were in the circus.

They got presents for their birthday.
The party was in the family circle.
The first girl got a new skirt.
Both girls like short skirts.
The boys wear white shirts.
Some of the shirts were too short for Dirk.
He put on a new T-shirt.
Irma washes dirty shirts and skirts.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

2. :

Dirk and Irwin have a small firm.

Their girls learn German.
I am thirsty. I am at your service, sir!
Stir up the mixture, please.
Can you draw a perfect circle?
I drew two birds in the birch.
On the third of May is my birthday.
What is your birthplace?

.
.
. , !
, .
?
.
.
?

II. i [
] r:
mirror [m
r] irrigate [
r
ge
t] irritate [
r
te
t]
III. ire, ira, iro [a
]:
fire firework [ fa
wk] bonfire [ bnfa
] iron [ a
n] tire
tired [ ta
d] wire [ wa
] wireless [ wa
l
s] pirate [ pa
rt]
admire [d ma
] desire [d
za
] Ireland [ a
lnd]
Irish [ a
r
] ; : Ira [ a
r] Iris [ a
r
s]
125

 3. :

Ira needs an iron.

Iris came from Ireland.
The Irish songs admire me.
I heard the songs on the wireless.
We saw a firework on Victory Day.
We admired the firework.
Dont make a bonfire in the forest.
The games tire children. They are very tired.
My greatest desire is to have a rest.
Read the book about the pirates.

.
A .
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.

4. :

I admire lions in our circus. I got a circus ticket on my birthday. Happy birthday to you, my dear
girl! All girls were very tired. My friend Ira lives in Ireland. She is Irish. We were in Ireland last
year. It was our first trip. The trip was very interesting. We admire Irish people. The island Ireland
lies to the west of the island Great Britain. Both islands are large. We desire to visit both islands.
. i :
1. [a
] hi tie nice write mind kind behind mild wild child high right night library island
2. [a
] diet client science scientist dial giant diary lion fire tire desire admire iron pirate
3. [] brief grief thief field piece niece ski police marine
4. [
] his this big sing sink milk with listen dinner winter kitchen visit finish city similar
5. [] fir stir girl first third bird circle circus dirty birch firm skirt shirt birthday

74. o
I. o [u]:
no go so home hope note rose open close those clothes phone over coat cloak
joke smoke stove stone sofa [suf] cosy [kuz
]
alone [ lun] lonely [ lunl
] ago [ gu] soap
goal toast loaf coach road throat [rut]
: poet [ pu
t] poem [ pu
m] ,
board [bd] broad [brd] abroad [ brd]
[u] :
speak spoke spoken

break broke broken

choose chose chosen
freeze froze frozen
steal stole stolen

wake woke woken

1. :

I feel so lonely!
Flo was alone at home.
I broke my phone three days ago.
Are you joking? Don't joke so.
It was long ago.
Joe chose a cosy sofa.
We spoke over phone.
I have chosen very nice roses.
You woke me up too late.
Look at the road sign.

!
.
.
? .
.
.
.
.
.
.
126

II. o [u]: ago hero zero photo disco

motto [ mtu] tomato [t mtu] potato [p te
tu] radio [ re
d
u]
III. o [] :
holiday , chocolate positive [ pz
t
v]
modern [mdn] novel [nvl] promise [ prm
s] copy [ kp
]
profit [ prf
t] , profitable [ prf
tbl]
:
popular [ ppjl] populate [ ppjle
t] population [,ppj le
n]
2. :

Promise to visit me on your holidays.

I promise to read this modern novel.
I can keep my promise.
This novel by Stone is very popular.
I find Joe is a positive person.
We like the poems of that poet.
Your modern flat is so cosy!

.
.
.
.
,
.
!

3. :

This job can make big profits.

Its a profitable business.
Give me your copy-book.
May Rose copy the motto?
We heard this motto over the radio.
Where can I buy tomatoes and potatoes?

.
.
.
?
.
?

IV. oy, oi [
]:

boy
voice
toy
choice
joy
noise [no
z]
oil
join
boil
point
spoil
poison [po
zn]

toilet [ to
l
t]
avoid [ vo
d]
enjoy [
n o
]
annoy [ no
]
destroy [d
stro
]
royal [ro
l]

4. :

Is the water boiling?

We drink only boiled water.
Avoid eating spoiled meat. It's poison.
I agree with your point of view.
The teacher has pointed out my mistakes.
Can yoy find this point on the map?
Please, give me a ball-point pen.
It is noisy here. This noise annoys me.
Whose voice do I hear?
Roy is my loyal friend.
Join our team, Roy!

?
.
. .
.
.
?
, , .
. .
?
.
, !

5. :

Put the toasts on the stove. Who broke the stove? Joe broke it four days ago. I need a broad board.
Who smoked in the toilet? Those boys avoid smoking. The teachers voice annoys some children.
Promise me to join our team. What is your point of view? I have no choice. My friends are abroad.
127

 75. o
I. o []:
God not hot dog lot stop shop box fox cross cock clock long song strong cost
drop frost doll spot soft pot lock loth [kl] college [ kl
] slot
slotmachine [ sltmn] , fond block ,
possible [psbl] problem [prblem] comma offer [ f]
: office [ f
s] , official [ f
l]
object [b
kt] , object [b ekt] objection [b ekn]
1. :

Where can I cross the road?

The crossing is to the right.
The Red Cross can help us.
We drink only soft drinks.
I dont object to a glass of juice.
I offer you my help. Have you any objection?
Do you know the name of this object?
My father is an office worker.
What is the official name of his office?

?
.
.
.
.
. ?
?
.
?

2. :

I am fond of reading.
Who has lost the key of this lock?
Tom lives two blocks from us.
I have dropped my pen. May I raise it?
Promise me to buy the drops.
Is it possible to do it?
Are there any slot machines in that hall?
It is a soft cloth. What is the cost of the cloth?

.
?
.
. ?
.
?
- ?
. ?

II. o [u]:
old cold scold gold bold hold roll
stroll post a most ghost [gust] both [bu]
only soldier [ sul] noble [nubl] comb [kum]
yolk [juk] folk [fuk] ; tell - told told, sell - sold - sold
3. :

It's very cold. You can catch cold.

I have already caught cold. My doctor told it.
I have cold in my head. Ill not go for a stroll.
Don't scold my old dog.
It is a bold and noble animal.
It has four gold medals.
The old Rolf sold all his gold.

. .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.

4. :

Rod is an old soldier.

His both boys play soldiers.
Where do you hold your old clothes?
The most rolls of wallpaper are spoiled.
Where is my comb?
I want to go to the post office.

.
.
?
.
?
.
128

 5. :

Do you want a white or a yolk?

Most children prefer a yolk.
We are fond of folk dances.
The folk songs are very nice.
How are your folks?

?
.
.
.
?

6. :

Hockey is my hobby. We never play hockey in frosty weather. Is Bob a bold boy?. Both boys are
bold. Who told it? Pass me the coffee-pot. I dropped the pot on the table-cloth. Don scold me. It's
not my problem. It time to go to the college. I offer to go to a concert today. It is impossible.

76. or, orr, ore, ori, ora, oru.

I. or [] ( ):
sport short port fork form sort storm north morning order corner [ kn]
orchestra [ k
str] divorce [d
vs] report [r
pt] porter
important [
m ptnt] record [ rekd] , Norway [ nwe
] ;.
1. :

Stand this naughty child in the corner.

What is there in the corner of the room?
We met at the corner of the street.
It was a storm in the morning.
The orchestra played a war march.
The slot machine was out of order.
We must do everything in order.
Morna made a very important report.
Jordan wants to buy a new record.
Morgan's parents are in divorce.

.
?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

II. o [] r:
lorry sorry sorrel porridge [ pr
]
III. or [] w: work worker worse worst
word world worm wormy workshop [ wkp]
2. :

This work is worse than that one.

It is the worst work in the world.
Say some warm words about her work.
I give my word to work better.
The workers are in the workshop.
We need some worms for fishing.
Dont eat these wormy strawberries.

, .
.
.
.
.
.
.

IV. ore [] ( )

more sore bore shore score ;
store department store [d
ptmnt ,st] fore [f] before
[b
f ] forecast [ fkst] ,
bear bore born
swear swore sworn

wear wore worn

tear tore torn
129

 3. :

I have got a sore throat. I am sorry for you.

What is the score of the game?
The score is four to one in our favour.
The score may be more. Who has scored?
Sports never bore.
There is a small store at the shore.
We often go to the department store.

. .
?
.
. ?
.
.
.

4. :

The fore part of the car was dirty.

Who can forecast our future?
What is weather forecast for today?
It will be stormy.
Wash your hands before meals.
I tore the old cloth into pieces.

.
?
?
.
.
.

V. or [r] [r]:
moral [mrl] orange [ r
n] forest [fr
st] forehead [ fr
d]
foreign [ fr
n] foreign language foreigner
chorus [ krs] ; : Cora [ kr] , Doris [ dr
s]
: bore [b] to be bored [bd] boring [br
]
5. :

Your forehead is hot. Cool your forehead.

Take some more oranges.
Cora swore not go to the forest.
Do you know any foreign languages?
I want to learn foreign languages.
We are never bored in the lessons.
Cora and Nora like to sing in the school chorus.

. .
.
.
?
.
.
.

6. :

It is very important to learn foreign languages. Doris learns many foreign words. Every morning
Cora and Nora go to the store on the shore. We go to the department store. Cora wore a short dress.
Doris wore an orange coat. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? We are going to the forest.

77. o
I. o [], [u]:
to do who whom whose shoes [z] lose
move movie prove improve [
m prv]
tomb [tm] woman [ wumn] wolf [wulf]
1. :

Don't move! Nobody moved.

Last summer we moved into this city.
The old movies move my heart.
Let us go to the movies!
Its not pleasant to lose things.
I want to prove this boy.
Can you prove your honesty?
I proved it with all my life.

! .
.
.
!
.
.
?
.
130

 2. :

We must improve our spelling.

Our life has improved.
What size do you take in shoes?
Where is my right shoe?
Dont lose your shoes.

.
.
?
?
.

II. o [u]: good, book; []: zoo:

[u] book look cook , good foot wood
[] too ; soon spoon stool food mood
school choose boots high boots room
hooligan [hl
gn] hooliganism [hl
gn
zm]
o .
look - looked - looked
choose - chose chosen
o
take took taken
shake shook shaken
stand stood stood
understand understood understood
3. :

The woman can cook well.

The boy looked at her mother.
The cook was in bad mood.
Who took my spoon?
Whose boots stood at the stool?
Who shook the clothes yesterday?
Have you understood my question?
I understood everything.
The teacher shook my hand.

.
.
.
?
?
?
?
.
.

III. o [] :
blood [bld] bloody [bld
] flood [fld] ,
4. :

This film froze the blood.

The boy's shirt was bloody.
Jordan was of royal blood.
Hooligan gangs flooded the city.
The river was in flood.
The flood was awful.

.
.
.
.
.
.

IV. oor []:

door [d] indoor [
n d ] indoors floor [fl] ,
5. :

The door of the workshop is shut.

Who is ringing at the door?
My friend lives next door.
May I stay indoors?
A large carpet lies on the floor.
On what floor is your flat?
Our flat is on the ground floor.
I sweep the floor every day.

.
?
.
?
.
?
.
.
131

V. oor [u]:
poor [pu] moor [mu]
6. :

The tourists are coming tomorrow.

Our tour is over.
When will the ship moor?
I am a very poor man.
I am sure that you are not poor.
Poor people dont buy gold.

.
.
?
.
, .
.

VI. o []:
love son one mother brother honey money month some come dozen nothing colour Monday
London [ lndn] other [ ] another [ n] cover [ kv]
stomach [ stmk] onion [ n
n] front [frnt] among [ m]
monkey [mk
] above [ bv] worry [ wr
] wonder [ wnd]
wonderful [ wndfl] govern [gvn] government [gvnment]
; none [ nn]- ,
7. :

London is the capital of Great Britain. My brother is going to London. Our mother is coming on
Monday. I love my mother and brother. Come here. Can you buy a dozen eggs? Give me some
money. There is nothing in the purse. Take the other one. Must I buy some honey and onions?
8. :

Every mother worries about her son.

No wonder.
You must govern your temper.
Where is the cover, I wonder?
What colour is the other cover?
I read books from cover to cover.
I have above two hundred books.
Our house is among the trees.
There is a garden in front of the house.

.
.
.
, ?
?
.
.
.
.

9. :

This boy is from another form.

We know one another.
These people love one another.
They help each other.
Those boys often fight each other.
Come here one after another.
Thats another matter!

.
.
.
.
.
.
!

o [] :
win - won - won do - did - done
10. :

Who has won the game? They won the victory.

What have we done for the victory?
None of you can help us.
We won two goals to nil.
Our sportsmen won all hearts.

? .
?
.
2:0.
.
132

 78. ou
I. e ou [au]:
out house mouse mouth [mau] south blouse loud
about cloud doubt [daut] proud count round
around ground without thousand [ auznd] trousers
[ t rauzz] bounty mountain [maunt
n] ; find - found - found
1. :

Look around you!

Do you see thousand clouds on the sky?
Nobody can count clouds and mountains.
What do you see on the ground?
We enjoy a bounty of nature.
And what about you? What do you like?
I cannot do without mountains.
No doubt I can be proud of my house.
I have found my blouse and new trousers.
I left the trousers on the sports ground.

!
?
.
?
.
? ?
.
, .
.
.

II. e ou []:
young [j] country [ kntr
] ; double [dbl]
trouble [trbl] touch [t] cousin [kzn]
tough [tf] rough [rf] enough [
nf]
2. :

Russia is a big country.

The young people love their country.
My cousins live in the country.
My cousin is double my age.
Ann has enough money to help us.
You may get into trouble.
You are old enough to understand it.
Dont touch these things.
Dont trouble me! I am sorry to trouble you.
The bread was tough.
The waiter was rough on me.

.
.
.
.
, .
.
, .
.
. .
.
.

III. e ou [u]:
soul shoulder poultry dough [du] though [u]
3. :

You must go shoulder to shoulder.

The man has a good head on his shoulders.
He put his heart and soul in his songs.
His girlfriend has no soul.
Though it was late we went on working.
Don't forget to feed the poultry.
Have you got enough dough?
Don't buy this dough though it is cheap.

.
.
.
.
, .
.
?
, .

IV. e ou [u]:
would [wud] should [ud] could [kud] ,
133

 4. :

Would you stay with us?

I would rather go home.
Would you like a cup of tea?
Would you pass me the salt?
I could help you.
We could do everything together.
You should walk with the dog.

?
.
?
?
.
.
.

V. e ou []:
soup group rouble route
wound
through [r] souvenir [ sven
]
5. :

Would you eat some milk soup?

I like vegetable soup.
Yesterday I wounded the shoulder.
You should dress the wound.
Do you know your blood group?
What is the route of our group?
I would join the other group.
Would you like to buy a souvenir?
I should pay two thousand roubles.

?
.
.
.
?
?
.
?
.

6. :

A stone flew through the open window.

Look through the window at the street.
The teacher looked my work through.
Is this work through yet?
We could talk through our problems.
I'll go through the park though it's late.
The train goes through to Minsk.

.
.
.
?
.
, .
.

VI. e ou [], []:

ought [t] nought [nt] thought [t] cough [kf]
7. :

We like to play crosses and noughts.

You ought to do your duties.
The girl has a bad cough.
You ought not to cross the street here.
You ought to speak your thoughts.
I can't express my thoughts.
My dog can read my thoughts.

.
.
.
.
, .
.
.

ou :
bring brought brought

think thought thought

seek sought sought

fight fought fought

buy bought bought

C: augh []:
catch caught caught
teach taught taught

134

 8. :

These people fought for peace.

Everybody thought about his country.
We often fought with other boys.
Joe fought like a lion.
I have taught my friend to play chess.
He caught everything quickly.
Last year we bought a new house.
What have you sought for?
Who has brought these roses?
[]
[]
[u]
[f]
[f]

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
?
?

ough:
bought brought fought sought thought ought nought
through
dough though
rough tough enough
cough
9. :

Rolf brought a round stone from the mountain. Polly bought a nice blouse and black trousers.
Dont touch Pollys blouse. Toms cousin Bobby bought a house in the country though its far from
our place. He found enough money though he is not rich. He put his soul in the house. But he has
trouble with it. He could talk through all his problems with Tom. I would like to live in the south.
[au]
[]
[u]
[u]
[]
[]

, ou :
Out house mouse mouth blouse loud cloud count doubt proud round ground
around without thousand trousers bounty mountain found
Young country double trouble touch cousin tough rough enough
Soul shoulder poultry dough though
Would should could
Soup group rouble route wound through souvenir
Ought nought thought bought brought fought sought

79. our
I. e our []:
four your pour court , source [ss]
resource [r
ss] course [ks] of course
1. :

They often play tennis on this court.

I see four men in your court.
You ought to pour some water.
Should I pour water from that source?
Yes, of course.
On what course is your group going?
Our group is on its right course.
Newspapers are a source of information.

.
.
.
?
, .
?
.
.

II. e our [au]:

our hour [au] flour [ flau] sour [ sau]
135

sour cream

 2. :

Our apples are sour.

Don't drink sour milk.
Pour some flour into the pan.
Mix the flour with the sour cream.
The sour cream is not very sour.
Is the dough too sour?
Our work will last two hours.

.
.
.
.
.
?
.

III. e our [u], []:

tour [tu] , tourist [ tur
st] tournament [ tunmnt]
IV. e our []:
journey [ n
] journal [ nl] journalist [ nl
st]
V. e our []:
labour [ le
b] favour [ fe
v] , colour [ kl]
3. :

This journalist writes about our journey.

Labour is a source of richness.
We have labour training twice a week.
The score was one to nil in our favour.
Can you do me a favour? Bring some flour.
Why is the colour of the flour grey?

.
.
.
1:0 .
? .
?

, our :
four pour your court course source
[]
[au] our flour sour hour
tour tourist tournament
[u]
journey journal journalist
[]
labour favour colour
[]

80. ow, ower

I. e ow [u]: snow show know window
slow blow grow low below [b
lu] throw [ru]
owe [u] own [un] bowl follow [ flu]
: know [ nu] knowledge [ nl
] know-how [ nuhau]
ow [u] :
snow snowed snowed
show showed shown
know knew known
blow blew blown
grow grew grown
throw threw thrown
1. :

Cold wind blows every day.

Today is four degrees below zero.
Follow those people.
Could you show me the roses?
Our show is not over.
The show must go on.
My bowl was on the low table.
I owe you ten roubles.

.
.
.
?
.
.
.
.
136

 2. :

Don't throw snow on the road. It snowed last week. Who has thrown the snowball? Have you ever
flown by plane? Joe has shown high class. I have never known this man. It is my own know-how.
Can you share your knowledge? Ill follow your example. Those herbs grow very slowly.
II. e ow , , [au]:
down town brown clown crown growl
owl gown dressing-gown brow cow how now
allow [ lau] allowed [ laud] powder [ paud]
3. :

Our town is not big but nice.

May I go down town now?
Do you allow us to sit down?
I am not allwed to try on the crown.
We are not allowed to to take the powder.
I wash my gown with this washing powder.
How do you find my brown dressing-gown?
How fine is that clown!
Tom has brown hair and brown eyes.
How many cows have got the Browns?
John Brown has two cows now.

, .
?
?
.
.
.
?
!
.
?
.

III. owe, ower, owar [au]:

towel power shower tower flower coward
4. :

There are many towers in our town.

Give me the brown towel with flowers.
How often do you take a shower?
Dry your shoulders with this towel.
Mix the flour with that powder.
How fine are the flowers!
Count the flowers, please!
Knowledge is power.
I will do everything in my power.
Its out of my power to help you.
Nobody wants to look like a coward.

.
.
?
.
.
!
, .
.
.
.
.

5. :

Down with the racism!

Welcome to our town!
How far is the town?
How are your parents?
How long is the river?
How long will you stay here?
How much do I owe you?

!
!
?
?
?
?
?

6. :

I can show you our town. We have grown fine flowers. Now I know how to grow flowers. Children
and grown ups like our flowers. Could you show me your new brown bowl? How nice is the bow!
Where is the flour? Pour some powder into the brown bowl. Put down the bowl on the low table. It
is snowing now. It is not in our power to change the weather. Where is the towel with big flowers?
137

 . o :
1. [u] go toe hope coat road throat loaf soul shoulder though dough folk yolk
old cold gold hold noble post most both comb roll owe slow snow grow
2. [au] out house mouse blouse count round ground down town brown how now
3. [au] our hour flour sour towel tower flower power shower coward
4. [] hot job cost fox long sorry copy novel holiday cough orange forest forehead
5. [] or for form fork door floor more bore sore store shore fore four pour course
source court ought nought fought thought bought brought board broad abroad
6. [
] boy toy joy enjoy annoy oil spoil boil noise voice choice
7. [] son mother brother other another nothing love some come front month onion
honey money blood flood young cousin country double trouble touch enough
8. [u] woman wolf look book cook good should would could
9. [] do to who whom whose move prove lose tomb too zoo soon cool stool
choose tooth food room hooligan you soup group rouble wound through
10. [u] poor moor tour tourist tournament
11. [] work word world worm worse worst journey journal journalist
12. [] labour favour colour

81. u
I. u [j]:
suit cube cute tube student pupil music usual usually duty future excuse computer
due tune use [jz] use [js] humour [ hjm]
introduce [,
ntr djs] uniform [ jn
fm] cucumber [ kjkmb]
1. -:

Let me introduce my friends. Hugo and Hube are new students. They like music and know many
nice tunes. Hugo works on computer well. Sue is a pupil in the fourth form. The pupils of this
school dont wear uniforms. Sue is on duty today. The pupils on duty come usually early to school.
2. :

May I introduce my friend Hugo?

Hugo is a future student of the university.
This uniform suits students.
Sue has got a sense of humour.
May I use your phone?
You may use my computer.
These computers are out of use.
We should go due south.
The students on duty use the tube.
I have never heard the tune.
Shall we dance to the music?

?
.
.
.
?
.
.
.
.
.
?

:
unit [ jn
t] , unite [j na
t] .
unity [ jnt
] union [ jn
n] united [j na
t
d]
the United States of Ameria - (. USA)
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland -
(. UK)
138

 3. :

They should unite both units.

The united team is so weak!
Join our union.
Nobody breaks our unity.
Give your friend my excuse.
Excuse me for my joke.
Who grows the cucumbers?
The cucumbers were bought at the market.

.
!
.
.
.
.
?
.

4. -:

The United States of Ameria is a great country. The capital of the United States of America is
Washington. In the USA people speak American English. The United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland is a very old country. It lies in Europe on the British Isles. The capital of the
United Kingdom is London. People of the UK speak British English.
II. l, r, j u []: blue fruit juice June July
flu glue rule ruler pollute [p lt] pollution
[p ln] rude true cruise [ krz]
junior [ n
] ;
: super [ sp] supermarket [ spmk
t] ;
5. :

Judy has the flu. Is it true?

Give me the glue in a blue tube.
May I use your blue ruler?
Are you a true friend?
They need a true copy of my letter.
The forecast was true.
The cruise was wonderful.
This film is true to life.
People pollute the nature.
We can save the Earth from pollution.

. ?
.
?
?
.
.
.
.
.
.

6. :

Dont break the rules of the road!

Is this rule in use now?
No, this rule is out of use long ago.
You shouldn't be rude.
Introduce me to Judy and Rube.
We love our junior friends.
Children eat juicy fruit in July.

!
?
, .
.
.
.
.

III. u []:
study [ std
] ; punish [ pn
] punishment [ pn
mnt]
e 7. :

The doctors study is on the fifth floor.

We study English with great pleasure.
All the foreigners study Russian.
These students study at the university.
You shouldnt punish these bad students.
Dont try to avoid the punishment.

.
.
.
.
.
.
139

IV. ue, ui [], [u], [
]:

fluent [ flnt] cruel [ krul] truant [ t runt]
play truant ruin [ r
n] fluid [ fl
d]
8. :

The doctor advises to drink more fluids.

Judy speaks fluent English.
My speech is not so fluent.
You should not play truant.
I dont want to be a truant.
Don't be rude and cruel.
Cruel people can ruin everything.

.
-.
.
.
.
.
.

que, qui, gue:

cheque [ek] masquerade [ ,msk re
d] bouquet [bu ke
]
conquest [ kkwest] request [r
kwest] liquid [ l
kw
d]
ligue [lg] intrigue [
n trg] plague [ple
g] tongue [t]
rogue [rug] roguery [rugry] argue [ gj ]
V. g ( b) u :
guess [ges] guest [gest] guitar [g
t] guilty [ g
lt
]
guide [ga
d] guard [gd] build [b
ld] building [ b
ld
]
beauty [ bjt
] beautiful [ bjt
fl] ea.
9. :

Can you play the guitar?

We are waiting for guests.
Who is your guest? Try to guess it.
Rube is our guide. Has he got a guidebook?
I am guilty of his absence.
I guess it is going to rain.

?
.
? .
. ?
.
, .

10. :

What are they building here?

Who has to guard this building?
The building is very beautiful.
It was built many years ago.
His builders are well known.
How many buildings were ruined?

?
?
.
.
.
?

VI. e uy [a
]: buy

guy

VII. u [
]:
busy [ b
z
] business [ b
zn
s] businessman [ b
zn
smn] ,
businesswoman [ b
zn
swumn]
11. :

Is the telephone busy? I hear a busy signal.

I am too busy to talk to you.
I am busy with my homework.
Mind your own business.
What is your business?
My mother is a businesswoman.

? "".
.
.
.
?
.
140

 12. :

We had a good guide. Sue was a beautiful girl. She was a future student of the university. She will
study art. Sue had a sense of humour. She knew modern music well and played the guitar. I knew
few modern tunes. The students of our music-school usually wear blue uniforms. This uniform suits
them. Rube was a businessman. He had his own business. His business was ruined. Who is guilty?

82. u
I. u []:
up us sun but cut much plus just bus cup bunch lunch luck shut must uncle club
nut dust trust pulse such dull blunt
lungs jump jumper drug , drugstore [ drgst]
drug addict [ drgd
kt] puzzle [pzl] puddle [pdl]
[] :
cut cut cut
shut shut shut
drink drank drunk
sink sank sunk
sing sang sung
begin began begun
ring rang - rung
run ran - run
hang hung hung
1. :

I must dust the cupboard.

Uncle Gus must shut the club.
I must run to the drugstore.
Dont run and jump if you are sick.
Should I suck or chew this drug?
Do you trust your friends?
The bell has just rung.
Who has sung this song?
I am in a puzzle.
Where have you hung my blue jumper?
This blunt knife wont cut.

.
.
.
, .
?
?
.
?
.
?
.

II. u []:
summer supper culture hurry hungry puppy cupboard discuss number thunder understand
butter button [btn] suffer custom [ kstm] public
subject [ sb
kt] mushroom [ mrum] consult [kn slt]
husband [ hsbnd] funny ugly suddenly [ sdnl
] ;
under underline [ndla
n] underground [ndgraund] ,
2. :

We had bread and butter for supper.

We must study foreign customs.
We all live under the sun.
Anns husband suffers from sudden pain.
Gus must consult a doctor.
Has he eaten any mushrooms?
He ate bread and butter.
It was a sudden death. Such is life.
That man was under fifty.
What words must I underline?

.
.
.
.
.
- ?
.
. .
.
?
141

 3. :

I like to play with this funny puppy.

Don't punish the puppy for its tricks.
Is that girl under age?
What subjects does she study?
Who has lost a button from the coat?
Button up your jacket, it is cold.
Can you jump over the puddle?
Dont hurry to use force.
Let us go home by underground!

.
.
?
?
?
, .
?
.
!

III. u [u], []: put

pull full bull bush push pussy pudding
pullover [ puluv] truth [tr] ; : Ruth [ru]
4. :

My uncle has two cows and a bull.

The bull is behind that bush.
Dont pull the bull on the tail.
Pull yourself together.
Dont push me.
Put a full stop after this word.
Push the red button quickly!
The room was full of people.
Put the pudding on the table.
Thank you, I am full.
I never lie, I always tell the truth.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
, .1

:
put away
put down
put on
put off

put up
put out

5. :

Put away those old things.

Put the gun down at once!
Put your hands up.
Must I put the blue pullover on?
Ruth must put on the black shoes.
Children, put your tongues out!
We must put off the meeting.

.
.
.
?
.
, !
.

6. :

People must trust each other. I can trust only my true friend. We always tell the truth to each other.
The bus is full of people. Are you hungry? We must hurry to the supper. Put some butter on the
bread. Is the pudding with nuts? The blue cup is full of nuts. Cut the cake into four pieces. Are you
full? What must we do after the supper? Would you buy this jumper with blue buttons?
[] :
multi-: multiply [ mlt
pla
] multistorey [ mlt
str
]
multimillionaire [ mlt
m
lj n]
sub- : subway [ sbwe
] , submarine [ sbmrn]
up- : uphold [,p huld] upset [,p set] ,
un-: unjust [n st] unhappy [n hp
]
142

 83. ur, ure

I. ur []: turn purse curds turkey Thursday
fur hurt burn nurse [ns] church []
curtain [ktn] purple [ppl] curly [ kl
]
murder [ md] furniture [ fn
] disturb [d
stb] ;
1. :

The purple curtains are nice

That furniture is old.
Curtis went to the church on Thursday.
Murder is a great sin.
Murder will out.
Is that curly girl a nurse?
Dont disturb the nurse, she is busy.
Sorry to disturb you!

.
.
.
.
.
?
, .
!

2. :

The car made a sudden turn.

Can you serve me out of turn?
The child turned blue with cold.
You can turn to that woman.
Its my turn to wash the floor.
It is getting dark, turn on the lights.
Dont forget to turn off the radio.
I returned the book to the library.
Many happy returns of the day!

.
?
.
.
.
, .
.
.
!

3. :

Put on your fur coat, it is cold.

My left leg hurts.
Don't put on the shoes if they hurt.
The teachers words hurt the girl.
We never hurt animals.
Be careful! You can burn your hand.
I burnt my finger. This burn is very painful.
You must buy curds and turkey for supper.

, .
.
, .
.
.
. .
. .
.

to turn :
turn on
turn off
turn out

turn down
turning
return [r
tn]
II. r u [], :
furrow [ fru] currant [ krnt]
current [ krnt] , currency [ krns
]
: purr [p]
III. ure, uri, ury [ju], [u]:
[ju]: pure cure secure [s
kju] security [s
kjurt
]
curious [ kjur
s] fury [ fjur
] during [ djur
]
[u]: sure .
: figure [ fig] , bury [ ber
] ,
143

 4. :

The suit is made of pure wool.

Our house is poor but pure.
How do they cure the child?
Are you sure that it is the best cure?
Why are you so curious?
I feel secure about my future.
Think about our security.

.
, .
?
, ?
?
.
.

5. :

The girl has a nice slender figure.

This figure skater keeps her figure.
We like figure-skating.
My friend is quick at figures.
We need official figures.
See figure 5 on page 10.
What do you do during the break?
Why is our teacher in a fury?
They bury the heroes with all due honours.
We must bury all the troubles.

.
.
.

.
5 .
?
?
.
.

6. :

Ursula was a nurse. Her house was poor but pure. The furniture was old. The curtains were purple.
I must say some warm words about her girls. Her both girls were curly. The girls were curious but
they never disturbed their mother. They went to the church. Ursula was secure about the future of
her girls. What did they do during the summer holidays? They had a good time during the holidays.
. u :
1. [j] due suit tune cube unit student pupil music duty humour computer future
2. [] flu blue glue rule rude true truth fruit juice June July sugar pollute salute
3. [u] put pull full bull push bush pussy pudding pullover
4. [] us sun nut cut cup club must dust trust luck lunch such supper study punish
5. [] fur turn hurt curds curly burn nurse purse murder turkey
6. [ju] pure cure fury during secure security curious
7. [u], [u
] cruel fluent truant sure surely ruin fluid
8. [e] bury
9. [
] busy business businessman businesswoman

84.
1.
2.
3.
4.

[] :
u : us up sun bus but nut club uncle just such shut rush hurry
o : mother brother other love come some son money
ou: young country double trouble touch cousin enough
o: blood flood

[] :
1. a r : arm art car bar far park jar farm harm hard
2. a ss, st, sk :
pass class grass glass last past ask task bath father rather after half plant dance chance
3. au: aunt laugh draught draughts
4. are, ear, er: are heart hearth clerk
144

 [] a:
1. a : at and cat hat hand tax gas jam ham jazz back black pack
2. a : have habit family animal camera capital magazine salad
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

[e] :
e : end ten pen bed red tell well fresh chess check letter lesson
e : never lemon medicine memory clever enemy present medal
ea: head dead bread dread ready health wealth thread sweater
a: any many says said ate
ei, ie, u: leisure friend bury

[i:] :
1. e : be we she free three sea tea eat please speak people key
2. ie: piece niece brief grief field chief thief believe
3. i : ski police marine
4. e : secret sebra
[
] :
1. i : it is his ill big will mix ship fish chick sing this
2. i : give live visit cinema river pity city finish spirit
3. e, u, o: pretty English England busy women
[] :
1. er: her herb verb nerve serve term perfect person prefer certainly
2. ir: sir fir girl first third skirt shirt firm bird birch dirty circle circus
3. ur: fur turn hurt nurse purse burst curds curly urgent church
4. ear: earn earth learn search early earnest earth yearly heard
5. or w: work word world worm worse worst worthy
6. our: journey journal journalist
7. ere, err, urr: were err purr
[] :
1. or: or for form pork norm north sort sport port
2. ore, oar, ough: more sore board coarse hoarse ought bought
3. our: four pour your course source court
4. au, aw: author autumn August daughter law saw straw draw awful
5. a l, l + : all ball hall call tall small salt walk talk
6. ar w, qu: war warn warm award wardrobe quarter quarrel
7. o: door floor
[] :
1. o : on god lot cock sock cost cloth doll drop shop spot sorry
2. o : modern promise modest profit chocolate copy holiday
3. a w, wh: was want wash watch what
4. ou, au: cough sausage because
[j] :
1. u : use unit cute cube tube tune suit pupil music duty computer
2. ew, eu: new few view sew stew dew mew knew neutral euro
[] :
1. u l, r, j: flu blue fluid rule true rude fruit juice sugar
2. ew l, r, j, ch: chew blew crew threw drew Jew
3. ou: you soup group rouble wound through
145

 [u] :
1. u : put pull full bull push bush pudding pullover
2. ou: shoud would could
[e
] :
1. a : cake take case name rain train wait pain way day play
2. a : able table fable stable change taste paste apron
3. ei, ey : eight weight grey they obey
4. ea: great break steak
[a
] :
1. i : hi lie tie die five life smile drive wife while white write
2. i : mind kind blind behind mild wild child title library
3. igh: high right bright night fight tights sight frighten
4. y : by my sky shy try dry fly fry why
5. ei, ey, ye, uy: either neither height eye bye buy
[u] :
1. o : so no go ago home note open close rose road coat cloak
2. o : old cold hold noble post most both roll comb only
3. ow, : low snow show know grow throw
4. ou: soul shoulder poultry dough though
5. ew: sew sewed sewn
[o
] :
1. oy : boy toy joy enjoy annoy destroy
2. oi : oil boil spoil noise voice choice point poison
[au] :
1. ou: out house mouse blouse count round ground proud loud about
2. ow, : down town brown clown how now
[ a u] :
1. our: our hour sour flour
2. owe, owa: flower power towel tower shower coward
[e] :
1. are: care hare share square parent area prepare compare
2. air: air hair fair chair pair stair repair despair dairy
3. ear, ere, eir: bear pear swear tear wear where there their
[
] :
1. ea, eu, eo: idea ideal real realize theatre museum theory
2. ear, eer: ear hear near fear tear clear dear beard cheer beer
3. ere, eri, ero, ier: here serial serious hero zero cashier
T [ a
] :
1. ire, iri, iro, ira, yer,: fire tire desire iron pirate dryer flyer
2. ie, ia, io: diet client lion violet science society dialogue
.
,
choir [ kwa
] , scissors [ sizz] , .
, , . , .
146

[bre
k]
brake
break
[ps]
peace
piece
[s]
see
sea
[da
]
die
dye
[hul]
hole
whole
[ flau]
flower
flour
[]
air
heir
[h
]
hear
here
[r]
through
threw
[sn]
son
sun
[]
or
ore
oar awe
[sel]
sell
cell

[te
l]
tale
tail
[mt]
meet
meat
[a
]
I
eye
[ra
t]
write
right
[su]
so
sew
[w]
wear
where
[h]
hare
hair
[d
]
deer
dear
[t]
to too
two
[wn]
one
won
[f]
for
four
[ we]
weather
whether

[re
n]
rain
reign
[wk]
week
weak
[ba
]
by bye
buy
[nu]
no
know
[ a u]
our
hour
[]
there
their ,
[f]
fair
fare
[dj]
due
dew
[sm]
some
sum
[nt]
not
knot
[s]
sore
saw
[d
zt]
dessert
desert

.
[
] live
[
] litter
[u] full
[] leave
[] litre
[] fool
, -:
use [jz]
use [js]
sew [su]
sew [sj]
wind [wind]
wind [wa
nd]
present [ p
reznt]
present [pr
zent]
invalid [
nvl
d]
invalid [
n vl
d]
object [ b
kt]
object [b ekt]
desert [ dezt]
desert [d
zt] ;
147

 :
Time is money.
Money makes money.
Business before pleasure.
Time is a great healer.
Keep kind in mind.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Manners make the man.
Manners turn with time.
So many men, so many mind.
Out of sight, out of mind.
Dog does not eat dog.
Love me love my dog.
Love is blind.
Lucky at cards, unlucky in love.
Take things easy.
Who breaks pays.
Cowards die many times.
Use is the second nature.
East or West, home is best.
There is no place like home.
Every bird likes its own nest.
There is no smoke without fire.
There is no rule without exception.
There is a season for work and for play.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Live and learn.
It is never too late to learn.
Soon learnt, soon forgotten.
Easy come, easy gone.
Nothing new under the sun.
Everything has its season.
The appetite comes with eating.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
A good beginning makes a good ending.
Curiosity killed the cat.
Promise little but do much.
Better to do well than to say well.
Dont put all your eggs in one basket.
Hope is a good breakfast but a bad supper.
Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.
A change of work is as good as a rest.
A burnt child dreads the fire.
Birds of feather flock together.
A great ship asks deep waters.
Make hay while the sun shines.
Honesty is the best policy.
All cats are great in the dark.
All is well that ends well.
He laughs best who laughs last.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
.
.
, .
.
- .
.
, .
.
.
, .
.

.
.
.
, .
, .
, .
.
.
, .
.
.
.
, .
.
.
, .
, .
.
.
, .
.
- .
.
.
, .
.
.
, .
, .
148


Winter begins in December. December, January and February are winter months.
The days are short, the nights are long. Everything is white with snow. Snow lies on
the ground, on houses, on trees. Rivers and lakes are covered with ice. Many people do
winter sports. They ski and skate, play hockey. The Russian winter is cold. January is
the coldest month. There are many frosty days in January. It often snows in February. Cold winds
blow from the North. People wear warm clothes in winter. But its the favourite season for children.
They ride down hills, play snowballs and make snowmen. Their winter holidays last two weeks.
Spring is a nice season. March, April and May are spring months. March brings
sunshine. Snow melts in the sun. There are a lot of icicles on the roofs, a lot of streams
and puddles on the ground. In spring farmers begin their work in the fields. In April the
weather changes very often. Sometimes it snows sometimes it rains. But in May the
weather is usually fine. Trees get green. The ground is green with grass. There are many flowers in
the fields and in the gardens. Everything is full of life and joy. Children like to play in the open air.
Summer is a pleasant season. Some people like summer best of all. June, July and August
are summer months. The days are long the nights are short. It is warm, sometimes hot.
The sky is blue and cloudless, the sun shines brightly. But sometimes there are storms
with hail, thunder and lightning. Many people work in their gardens. They grow fruit and
vegetables. Some people like to go to the forest. They pick berries and mushrooms. Men and boys
prefer fishing. A lot of people go to the beach. They lie in the sun and enjoy swimming in warm
water. Children have their holidays in summer. Some of them spend the holidays in the country,
others in town. Many children go to summer camps. They have a good time there.
After summer autumn comes. September, October and November are autumn months.
On the first of September children go to school. The holidays are over. Early autumn is
a nice season. It is the season of the harvest. There is a lot of work in the countryside.
The leaves of the trees turn yellow, red and brown. Then they fall down to the ground.
People call this beautiful time Indian Summer. But Indian Summer doesnt last very long. It gets
colder and colder. Dark heavy clouds cover the sky. It often rains. People wear jackets, raincoats
and carry umbrellas. In autumn people can catch cold, because it is wet and windy. Some birds fly
away to warm countries. Children prefer to play indoor games in autumn.
Yesterday was Sunday. On Sundays I like to sleep late in the morning. The day was dull
and foggy. The sky was covered with grey clouds. I was in a bad mood. I hate such
weather. But in the afternoon the wind changed and the fog melted away. Then the sky
turned dark. At three oclock began hailstorm with thunder and lightning. I am always
afraid of thunderstorm. The hailstones were very big. They could damage cars and roofs of the
houses. The hailstones even could kill people and animals. But everything turned out all right. Wild
wind melted the clouds and the sky cleared up. The rain stopped. Only big puddles reminded of it. I
went for a walk in the evening. There were a lot of children in the yard. The air was fresh and pure.
I live in Nizhniy Novgorod. I go to school Number 35. I am a pupil in the fifth form.
We go to school in the morning. I do not live far from my school I walk there. It
takes me about ten minutes. I hate to be late, I always come on time. I am always
glad to see my classmates. School begins at 8 oclock in the morning. Every lesson
lasts 40 minutes. During the long break we have lunch. Every day we have five or six lessons.
Classes are over at 12 oclock. In the evening I do my homework. We go to school 6 days a week.
We dont go to school on Sundays. On Sundays I go to the park or read interesting books.
149

minute of silence. Nobody is forgotten, nothing is forgotten. I like to see the holiday fireworks. In
the evening there is an interesting concert on TV. I see tears in my grandparents eyes. My
grandmothers father and brother were lost in that war. We want no war more.
,
. ! .
The Cat and the Mouse
Little mouse, little mouse,
Where is your house?
Little cat, little cat,
I have no flat,
I am a poor mouse,
I have no house.
Little mouse, little mouse,
Come into my house.
Little cat, little cat,
I cannot do that,
You want to eat me.
Pussy-cat
Pussy-cat, pussy-cat, where have you been?
I've been to London to look at the Queen.
Pussy-cat, pussy cat, what did you do there?
I frightened a little mouse under a chair.
A Good Example
A wise old owl sat in an oak;
The more he saw, the less he spoke;
The less he spoke, the more he heard Why dont you copy that wise old bird?
Breakfast, Dinner, Supper
Breakfast in the morning,
Dinner in the day;
Tea comes after dinner,
Then its time to play.
Supper in the evening
When the sky is red,
Then the day is over
And we go to bed.
***

Spring is green,
Summer is bright,
Autumn is yellow,
Winter is white.
***

Hearts like doors will open with ease

To very, very little keys:
And dont forget that two are these:
We thank you all, and If you please.

May There Always Be Sunshine!

Words by L. Oshanin, Music by Ostrovsky.
Translated by Tom Botting

Bright blue the sky,

Sun up on high
That was the little boys picture.
He drew for you,
Wrote for you too,
Just to make clear what he drew
Chorus:
May there always be sunshine,
May there always be blue skies,
May there always be Mummy,
May there always be me! (Twice)
My little friend,
Listen my friend,
Peace is the dream of the people,
Hearts old and young
Never have done
Singing the song you have sung.
Chorus.
Soldier lad, stay!
Hear what we say
War would make all of us losers.
Peace is our prize.
Millions of eyes
Anxiously gaze at the skies.
Chorus.
Down with all war!
We want no more.
People, stand up for your children!
Sing everyone
Peace must be won,
Dark clouds must not hide the sun.
Chorus.
May there always be sunshine,
May there always be blue skies,
May there always be Mummy,
May there always be me! (Twice)

152

, :
fox [fks] wolf [wulf] hare [h] deer [d
] bear [b]
squirrel [ skw
rl]
tiger [ ta
g] lion [la
n] sable [se
bl]
giraffe [
r f] zebra [ zebr] camel [kml] elk
elephant [ e l
fnt] cow [kau]
pig [p
g] coypu [ k
p]
horse [hs] hamster [hmst] sheep [p] rabbit [rb
t]
hedgehog [ h
ehk] goat [ gut] beaver [ b v] mink [m
k]

:
sparrow [ s pru] crow [kru] raven [re
vn]
daw [d] rook
[ruk] tit [t
t] cuckoo [ kuku] nightingale [ na
t
ge
l] lark [lk]
magpie [ m
gpa
] woodpecker [ wudpek]
crane [kre
n] stork [stk] swallow [ swlu] eagle [gl]
sea-gull [ s gl] pigeon [ p

n] siskin [ s
sk
n] swan [swn]
bullfinch [ b ulf
n] falcon [ f lkn]
owl [aul] ,

, , :
pike [pa
k] cod [kd]
perch [p] carp [kp] ,
crucian carp [ krn kp] pike-perch [ pa
kp] herring [ her
]
sprat [sprt] , sturgeon [stn] shark [k]
dolphin [ d lf
n] crayfish [ k re
f
] crocodile [ k rkda
l]
hippopotamus [,hip p tms] whale [we
l] frog [frg]

:
bee [b] beetle [btl] wasp [wsp] fly [fla
] tick [t
k]
butterfly [ btfla
] dragon fly [ drgnfla
] ant [nt]
mosquito [m sktu ] moth [m] cockrouch [ kkru]
bug [bg] flea [fl] louse [laus] caterpillar [ k tp
l]
lizard [ l
zd] snake [sne
k] grass-snake [ g rssne
k]
grasshopper [ grs,hp] locust [ l ukst] tortoise [ tts]

, :
birch [b]
poplar [ ppl] maple [me
pl] oak [uk]
lime [la
m]
willow [ w
lu]
mountain ash [ maunt
n ]
lilak [ l a
lk] bird-cherry tree [ b d,er
tr] acacia [ ke
]
pine [pa
n] fir [f] cedar [ sd]

, :
dahlia [ de
lj] aster [ st] peony [ p
n
] poppy [ pp
]
tulip [ tjlp] narcissus [n s
ss] pink [p
k]
violet [ va
l
t] daizy [ de
z
] camomile [ kmma
l]
snowdrop [ s nudrp] lily [ l
l
] lily of the valley[ l
l
v vl
]
dandelion [ d nd
la
n] bluebell [ blbel]
sunflower [ s nflau] corn flower [ k nflau]
153

, :
tomato [t mtu] cucumber [ kjkmb] carrot [ krt]
cabbage [ kb
] potato [p te
tu] beet [bt]
peas [p z] onion [ n
n] garlic [ gl
k] turnip [ tn
p]
pumpkin [ pmk
n] radish [ rd
] , horseradish [ hs ,rd
]
parsley [psl
] celery [ selr
] dill [d
l]
spinach [ sp
n
] sorrel [ srl] bay leaf [ be
lf]
, :
strawberry [ strber
] , rasberry [ rzber
]
goose-berry [ guzbr
] red currant [ r ed krnt]
black currant [ b lk k rnt] bilberry [ b ilbr
]
red bilberry [ r ed b
lbr
] cranberry [ k rnbr
] blueberry [ blbr
]
cherry [ er
] grape [gre
p] plum [plm]
apple [pl] pear [p] peach [p] apricot [ e
pr
kt] melon [
n]
meln] watermelon [ wtmeln] banana [b n
pine-apple [ p a
n,pl] grape fruit [ g re
pfrt]
(Signs of the Zodiac [ z ud
k])
Aquarius [ kwr
s]
Pisces [ p
sz]
Aries [ rz]
Taurus [ t rs]
Gemini [ 
em
na
]
Cancer [ k ns]

Leo [ l
u]
Virgo [ vgu]
Libra [ l br]
Scorpio [ skp
u]
Sagittarius [,s
tr
s]
Capricorn [ k pr
kn]

,
:

BE
[]
To ask [sk]
To dance [dns]
Last [lst]
To answer [ 
ns]
Half [hf]
Aunt [nt]

[]
to ask [sk]
to dance [dns]
last [lst]
to answer [ 
ns]
half [hf]
aunt [nt]

[r]

[r]

Far [f]
Fare [f]
Form [fm]

far [fr]
fare [fer]
form [frm]
154


B
garage [ gr]
dictate [d
k te
t]

A
garage [g r]
dictate [ d
kte
t]

B
tribune [ t r
bjn]
locate [lu k e
t]

A
Tribune [tr
bjn]
Locate [ l uke
t]

B
honour
humour
cosy
metre

A
honor
humor
cozy
meter

B
colour
to organise
theatre
travelled

A
color
to organize
theater
traveled

B
labour
to analyse
centre
woollen

A
Labor
to analyze
Center
Woolen

trousers
state school
teachers
lorry
luggage [ l g
]
petrol [ p etrl]
autumn
angry

pants [pnts]
public school
faculty [ fklt
]
truck [trk]
baggage [ b g
]
gasoline [ g sl
n], gas [gs]
fall [fl]
mad [md]

, :
BE
to learn learnt
to spell spelt
to dream dreamt
to smell smelt

AE
to learn learned
to spell spelled
to dream dreamed
to smell smelled

:
BE

AE

to chat to ...
in the circumstances
to protest against the war
at the weekend
Ill check up on that.
Lets do it on Sunday. .
Is Mary at home? ?

to chat with
under the circumstances
to protest war
on the weekend
Ill check that out
Lets do it Sunday
Is Mary home?

, , ,
. .
.
,
, .
, .
155

Irregular Verbs.

be [b]
bear [be]
begin [b
g
n]
blow [blu]
break [bre
k]
bring [br
]
build [b
ld]
burst [bst]
buy [ba
]
catch [k]
choose [z]
come [km]
cut [kt]
deal [dl]
do [d]
draw [dr]
drink [dr
k]
drive [dra
v]
eat [t]
fall [fl]
feel [fl]
fight [fa
t]
find [fa
nd]
fly [fla
]
forbid [f b
d]
forget [f get]
forgive [f g
v]
freeze [frz]
get [get]
give [giv]
go [gu]
grow [gru]
hang [h]
have [hv]
hear [h
]
hide [ha
d]
hit [hit]
hold [huld]
hurt [ht]
keep [kp]
know [nu]
lay [le
]
lead [ld]
leave [lv]
lend [lend]
let [let]
lie [la
]

been [bn]

was [wz] were [w]

bore [b]
began [b
gn]

born [bn]
begun [b
gn]

blew [bl]
broke [bruk]
brought [brt]
built [b
lt]
burst [bst]
bought [bt]
caught [kt]
chose [uz]
came [ke
m]
cut [kt]
dealt [delt]
did [d
d]
drew [dr]
drank [drk]
drove [druv]
ate [et]
fell [fel]
felt [felt]
fought [ft]
found [faund]
flew [fl]
forbade [f be
d]
forgot [f gt]
forgave [f ge
v]
froze [fruz]
got [gt]
gave [ge
v]
went [went]
grew [gr]
hung [h]
had [hd]
heard [hd]
hid [h
d]
hit [hit]
held [held]
hurt [ht]
kept [kept]
knew [nj]
laid [le
d]
led [led]
left [left]
lent [lent]
let [let]
lay [le
]

blown [blun]
broken [ brukn]
brought [brt]
built [b
lt]
burst [bst]
bought [bt]
caught [kt]
chosen [ uzn]
come [km]
cut [kt]
dealt [delt]
done [dn]
drawn [drn]
drunk [drk]
driven [dr
vn]
eaten [tn]
fallen [fln]
felt [felt]
fought [ft]
found [faund]
flown [flun]
forbidden [f b
dn]
forgotten [f gtn]
forgiven [f g
vn]
frozen [fruzn]
got [gt]
given [g
vn]
gone [gn]
grown [grun]
hung [h]
had [hd]
heard [hd]
hidden [h
dn]
hit [hit]
held [held]
hurt [ht]
kept [kept]
known [nun]
laid [le
d]
led [led]
left [left]
lent [lent]
let [let]
lain [le
n]

156

lose [lz]
make [me
k]
mean [mn]
meet [mt]
mistake [m
ste
k]
pay [pe
]
put [put]
read [rd]
ring [r
]
rise [ra
z]
run [rn]
say [se
]
see [s]
seek [sk]
sell [sel]
send [send]
set [set]
shake [e
k]
shine [a
n]
shoot [t]
show [u]
shut [t]
sing [s
]
sink [s
k]
sit [s
t]
sleep [slp]
speak [spk]
spend [spend]
spring [spr
]
stand [stnd]
steal [stl]
stick [st
k]
strike [stra
k]
swear [sw]
sweep [swp]
swell [swel]
swim [sw
m]
take [te
k]
teach [t]
tear [t]
tell [tel]
think [
k]
understand
[,nd stnd]
wake [we
k]
wear [w]
win [w
n]
wring [r
]
write [ra
t]

lost [lst]
made [me
d]
meant [ment]
met [met]
mistook [m
stuk]
paid [pe
d]
put [put]
read [red]
rang [r]
rose [ruz]
ran [rn]
said [sed]
saw [s]
sought [st]
sold [suld]
sent [sent]
set [set]
shook [uk]
shone [n]
shot [t]
showed [ud]
shut [t]
sang [s]
sank [sk]
sat [st]
slept [slept]
spoke [spuk]
spent [spent]
sprang [spr]
stood [stud]
stole [stul]
stuck [stk]
struck [strk]
swore [sw]
swept [swept]
swelled [sweld]
swam [swm]
took [tk]
taught [tt]
tore [t]
told [tuld]
thought [t]
understood
[, nd std]
woke [wuk]
wore [w]
won [wn]
wrung [r]
wrote [rut]

157

lost [lst]
made [me
d]
meant [ment]
met [met]
mistaken [m
ste
kn]
paid [pe
d]
put [put]
read [red]
rung [r]
risen [r
zn]
run [rn]
said [sed]
seen [sn]
sought [st]
sold [suld]
sent [sent]
set [set]
shaken [e
kn]
shone [on]
shot [t]
shown [un]
shut [t]
sung [s]
sunk [sk]
sat [st]
slept [slept]
spoken [spukn]
spent [spent]
sprung [spr]
stood [stud]
stolen [ stuln]
stuck [stk]
struck [strk]
sworn [swn]
swept [swept]
swollen [ swuln]
swum [swm]
taken [te
kn]
taught [tt]
torn [tn]
told [tuld]
thought [t]
understood
[,nd std]
woken [wukn]
worn [wn]
won [wn]
wrung [r]
written [r
tn]

 :
.
I.
1. .
2. . .
3. . .

5
6
6

II. ,
4. . ...
5. a, i (y) . .
6. - . ...
7. e . .
8. u . .
9. o . .
10. , . ..
11. . ..
12. . ...
13. . .
14. . .
15. z, s. ..
16. to be. . ...
17. sh.
18. of, in, on, at, to, by. ..
19. .
20. .
21. ng, nk. ing. ..
22. ..
23. g.
24. c.
25. . .
26. ch (tch). .
27. .
28. .
29. y - . ..
30. . . ..
31. into, from, out of, for.
32. th ( ). ...
33. there is (there are). ..
34. th ( ). ..
35. . ..
36. h . . ...
37. . ...
38. . ...
39. wh, wr . ..
40. wha, wa, war, wor. w
41. . . ..
42. x.
158

8
9
11
12
14
15
18
19
20
23
25
27
29
32
32
34
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
50
52
55
57
59
61
63
64
66
67
69
71
72
74
76

 43.
44.
45.
46.

. ...
ph, gh, qu, kn.
ture. ...
tion, ssion, cian, sion, sual, sure. .

77
79
81
82

III.
47. . ...
48. . . ..
49. . . ...
50. . ..
51. . ...
52. . ..
53. . .
54. . ...
55. . .
56. .
57. . .
58. .
59. . ....
60. ....

84
85
87
89
90
91
93
94
95
96
97
99
102
103

IV.
61. a .
62. a . a ss, st, sk ...
63. ar, arr, are, air. ..
64. wa, all, aw, au. ..
65. e .
66. ea. ...
67. ear, eer, eri, era, ero. .
68. ei, ey. .
79. eu, ew, eur, ewar. ..
70. er, err, ere.
71. i . ie, ia, io.
72. i . ind, ild, igh. .
73. ir, ire, ira. ...
74. o . .
75. o .
76. or, orr, ore, ori, ora, oru. ..
77. o . ..
78. ou. ...
79. our. ...
80. ow, ower. .
81. u .
82. u .
83. ur, ure. ..
84. .

159

104
105
107
109
112
113
116
118
119
120
121
123
125
126
128
129
130
133
135
136
138
141
143
144

:
-
. . .
.: , 1988
. , . . .
.
.: , 1990
-
.: ; , 1996
J.C. Wells
Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
Longman Group UK Limited, 1992
Longman Dictionary of English and Culture.
Longman Group UK Limited, 1993
A.S.Hornby
Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English
Longman Group UK Limited, 1992

160