9 p.

154 Hackers Test 01

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1. Reading
Many people jog to keep in shape, and the popularity of jogging has been on the rise lately.
However, there is considerable evidence that jogging has a negative impact on the human
body
Issue: jogging
Thesis: Neg (-) impact on body

First of all, jogging puts excess strain on the heart, and it sometimes causes cardiac
complications, such as heart attacks. The less-severe heart problems reported have involved
subtle chest pains, but some heart attacks have been fatal.
1: Put strain on heart heart attacks
1: Fatal

Also, jogging exerts tremendous pressure on the ankle and hip joints. This frequently results
in jogging-related injuries. According to scientific studies, up to 50 percent of joggers
experience injuries on a daily basis.
2: Pressure on ankle & joints
2: Injuries

Although some injuries are minor, others can lead to long-term problems, such as arthritis in
the joints.
2: Pressure on ankle & joints
2: Injuries/Long-term prob arthritis

Not only that, but jogging may be bad for the brain. In a recent study, scientists measured the
effect of jogging on brain cell production. They divided subjects into two groups.
3: Bad 4 brain
3: Study:

People in the first group were required to jog on a treadmill, while people in the second group
were free to relax or socialize in a separate room. The scientists discovered that the
production of new brain cells was suppressed in subjects who jogged.





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3: Bad 4 brain
3: Study: brain cell production suppressed


2. Listening
The reading passage argues that jogging can be bad for your health, but this is rarely the
case. While a small percentage of people experience health problems during or after
jogging, the positive benefits of jogging far outweigh its negative effects.
Issue: jogging
Thesis: Positive > neg.

Ok, the first thing is that there have been a few people who have had heart attacks during
or after jogging, but these are _______________ cases. The truth is that jogging
_____________ your heart.
1: Heart attack rare
1: Strengthen heart

This is why you can find so many ________ _____________ their patients to jog. For the
vast majority of people, jogging can improve cardiovascular health and even _________
__________ _____________.
1: heart attack rare
1: strengthen heart/ doctors encourage/ prevent heart prob.

Secondly, it may be true that jogging puts pressure on the ankle and hip joints, but it also
simultaneously _______________ muscles and connective tissue around the joints.
Injuries mainly occur, wellbecause people do not exercise regularly.
2: strengthen muscles & tissues
2: injuries X regularly

Of course, if a person has not been exercising for months or years and suddenly goes out
for a run, they are putting themselves at risk. But, um, people who jog
________________ will have stronger joints and _____ risk of long-term problems, like
____________.





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2: strengthen muscles & tissues
2: injuries X regularly
regularly risk of long-term
- arthritis

Finally, jogging _____________ the flow of ____________ to the brain, and thats a good
thing. Numerous studies have shown that the extra oxygen ____________ ____________
levels.
3: oxygen to brain
3: oxygen energy

And this additional oxygen has also been linked to ____________ _____________and,
um, we all know thats important for ____________ and _____________. So, lets say you
want to improve your performance in class. Well, its simplejust go for a jog!
3: oxygen to brain
3: oxygen energy
attentiveness
learning & memory

3.

say, mention, state, remark

explain

point out, indicate

imply, suggest, hint

claim, insist, argue

admit

support

talk about, discuss

oppose, contradict

deny





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harmful/detrimental
~
regarding~

irregular

has an effect/impact/influence on

has a negative/adverse/detrimental effect on

4. Summary
The reading passage argues that jogging is ____________________ to the
human body. In contrast to the reading, the lecture mentions a few points that
contradict this argument.

1 First, the speaker asserts that having a heart attack while jogging is
____________. In fact, jogging ___________________ the heart and
this is why _______________ ____________________ _______. He further points out
that jogging actually helps ________________ heart problems.
1 These points contradict the reading passages claim that jogging
______________ _________ __________ _________________ ______ the heart.

2 The second point of the lecture is that jogging actually _____________
muscles and tissues around the joints.
Regarding the injuries caused by jogging mentioned in the reading
passage, the lecturer claims that this is due to __________________ jogging. If people
jog regularly, they will have _________ risk of _____________ __________________ such
as ______________. 2 This counters the reading passages assertion that
jogging is _____________________ to the ankle and joints.

3 Finally, the lecturer stipulates that jogging _________ __________ to
the brain.
More oxygen means ________________ _____________________,
and this is helpful for _______________ and _________________.
3 This refutes the reading passages argument that jogging
____________________________________________ the brain.