What is Laser Diode

SANYO currently markets AlGaAs infrared laser diodes in the 780 830 nm wavelength, as well
as AlGaInP based red laser diodes in the 635 675 nm wavelength. SANYO realized 635 nm
AlGaInP laser diode for the first time in the world. The low operating current and high operating
temperature are realized by using misoriented substrate and MQW (Strain compensated) active
layer. With unique structures developed by SANYO, providing the following features, these laser
diodes are highly rated in a broad range of applications including compact discs, CD-R/RW, DVD
systems, bar code scanners, laser pointers and printers. SANYO laser diodes are also compatible
with multimedia and other new optical equipment on which advanced information societies in
future depend.
A full line-up includes index guided short-wavelength, low-noise, high output power
Long life and high reliability
A stabilized fundamental transverse mode
9 mm, 5.6 mm diameter packages and frame type
Pin connections compatible with various power supply systems
The term laser is an acronym that stands for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
Radiation".
SANYO laser diode structure and basic element structure are listed below.
Can type
Laser diode structure
Element structure
Window
Cap
Laser chip
PIN photodiode
Stem
Heatsink
Frame type
plastics
Laser chip
PIN photodiode
Heat radiation fin
Electrode
Cap layer
Cladding layer
Active layer(MQW structure) *
*MQW : Multiple Quantum Well
Cladding layer
Substrate(Misoriented substrate)
Electrode
Current blocking layer
Cavity length
SANYO Laser Diodes Support Advanced Information Society
1
SANYO Red laser diode line-up
Summary of Features
(
Typ.
)
Red Laser Diode
Tc = 25C
*
Under development
Lasing Wavelength p (nm)
O
u
t
p
u
t

P
o
w
e
r


P
o

(
m
W
)
NEW
NEW
3
5
10
20
30
635 650 670
7
655 675 660
DL-4038- 26
DL-3038-033/ 34
DL-3148- 33/ 34
DL-3038-013
DL-3148- 13
DL-3039-011
DL-3149- 57
DL-4147- 61
DL-3107-165
DL-3147- 65
DL-3147- 85
DL-3247- 65
DL-5147-041
*
DL-LS1035
70
*
DL-LS1027
DVD-R/RW
DVD-P/ROM
DVD Frame Laser
DL-3147- 31
DL-3147-021
DL-3038-023
DL-3148- 23
DL-4038- 31
DL-4038-021
DL-4148- 21
New product
*
Under development
Part No. Main Feature
Absolute
Maximum Ratings
Light
Output
Operating
Temperature
Threshold
Current
Operating
Current
Lasing
Wavelength
Beam Divergence
Parallel Perpendicular
Ratings
Package
Dimension
Type
Pin
Connection
Type
Po
mW
Topr
C
Ith
mA
lop
mA nm mW
Po
Electro-Optical Characteristics
Monitor
Current
lm
mA
* * *
DL-3038-013
DL-3038-023
DL-3038-033/ 34
DL-4038-021
DL-4038- 31
DL-4038- 26
DL-LS1035
DL-3148- 13
DL-4148- 21
DL-3148- 23
DL-3148- 33/ 34
DL-3147-021
DL-3147- 31
DL-3147- 65
DL-3147- 85
DL-3247- 65
DL-4147- 61
DL-3107-165
DL-5147-041
DL-LS1027
DL-3039-011
DL-3149- 57
DL-4039-011
DL-LS1018
5mW at 40C
3mW at 40C
5mW at 50C
10mW at 40C
10mW at 50C
20mW at 40C
30mW at 40C
5mW at 40C
10mW at 40C
3mW at 40C
5mW at 50C
5mW at 40C
5mW at 50C
5mW at 70C
5mW at 80C
5mW at 70C
10mW at 70C
5mW at 70C
30mW at 60C
70mW at 70C
5mW at 60C
5mW at 60C
10mW at 50C
10mW ,2Beam
7
3
5
10
10
25
35
7
12
3
5
5
7
7
7
7
12
7
30
50
5
7
10
10x2
10 to +40
10 to +40
10 to +50
10 to +40
10 to +50
10 to +40
10 to +40
10 to +40
10 to +40
10 to +40
10 to +50
10 to +40
10 to +50
10 to +70
10 to +80
10 to +70
10 to +70
10 to +70
10 to +60
10 to +70
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +50
10 to +60
30
20
30
35
35
40
50
30
40
20
40
30
25
25
25
25
30
20
45
45
30
25
40
40
45
25
40
55
55
70
90
45
60
25
55
45
35
35
35
35
50
30
80
110
45
40
60
60
635
650
660
655
670
675
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.20
0.15
0.15
0.20
0.40
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.30
0.10
0.03

1.20
1.50
0.15
0.15
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.0
8.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
30
30
30
30
30
28
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
28
30
23
17
33
30
30
30
5
3
5
10
10
20
30
5
10
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
30
50
5
5
10
10
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
C
I
C
C
B
C
C
E
I
I
I, III
I
I, III
I, III
I
I, III
I, III
I, III
I, III
I
I, III
I, II, III
I, II, III
I, II, III
I, II, III
II
I
IV
I
I, III
I
V
NEW
DL-4039-011
*
DL-LS1018
2 Beam (LBP)
*
*
*
2
SANYO Infrared laser diode line-up
Summary of Features
(
Typ.
)
Infrared Laser Diode
3
80
100
150
785 790 830
15
10
5
DL-3150-103/105
DL-3150-106/107
DL-3180-121
*
DL-LS3007
*
DL-LS3004
DL-3150-133
DL-4034-154S
DL-3144-005S
DL-3144-007S
DL-4140-001S
20
DL-8032-001
DL-7032-001
120
*
DL-7140-201H
*
DL-7140-201S
*
DL-7240-201S
*
DL-7140-201K NEW
NEW
Lasing Wavelength p (nm)
O
u
t
p
u
t

P
o
w
e
r


P
o

(
m
W
)
Export control-regulations
products
Under development
New product
Pulse condition
Tc = 25C
*
at the power of ratings Export control-regulations products Under development
Part No. Main Feature
Absolute
Maximum Ratings
Light
Output
Operating
Temperature
Threshold
Current
Operating
Current
Lasing
Wavelength
Beam Divergence
Parallel Perpendicular
Ratings
Package
Dimension
Type
Pin
Connection
Type
Po
mW
Topr
C
Ith
mA
lop
mA nm mW
Po
Electro-Optical Characteristics
Monitor
Current
lm
mA
* * *
DL-3144-005S
DL-3144-007S
DL-4034-154S
DL-LS2003
DL-4140-001S
DL-7140-201S
DL-7240-201S
DL-7140-201H
DL-7140-201K
DL-3150-103/105
DL-3150-106/107
DL-3180-121
DL-LS3007
DL-LS3004
DL-3150-133
DL-7032-001
DL-8032-001
Low droop
Low droop
10mW at 60C
15mW 2Beam
20mW at 60C
85mW(Pulse)
85mW(Pulse)
120mW(Pulse)
150mW(Pulse)
Frame Laser
Frame Laser
Frame Laser, Low current
Frame Laser, Low current
Frame Laser, 5mW
Frame Laser, 5mW
100mW at 50C
150mW at 50C
8
5
15
15x2
25
80
80
80
80
5
5
5
5
7
7
100
150
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +70
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +60
10 to +70
10 to +70
10 to +50
10 to +50
25
25
30
30
25
30
30
30
30
35
35
20
20
20
20
50
50
45
35
60
55
60
100
100
100
100
45
45
25
25
30
30
140
185
785
790
830
4.50
0.60
0.40
0.40
0.75
0.25

0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.30
0.30
0.20
0.50
9.0
9.0
9.0
8.0
9.0
8.0
8.0
8.5
8.5
10.5
10.5
11.0
11.0
10.5
10.5
7.0
7.0
25
27
28
25
25
17
17
17
17
35
35
35
35
35
35
18
18
5
3
10
15
20
70
70
70
70
3
3
3
3
5
5
100
150
C
C
A
E
C
C
D
C
C
G/F
F/G
H
G
H
G
A
A
I
I
II
V
I
III
IV
IV
IV
II
II
II
II
II
II
I
I
NEW
NEW
NEW
Frame laser (CD-P/ROM)
Frame laser (CD-P/ROM)
*
*
*
DL-LS2003
2 Beam (LBP)
CD-R/RW
NEW
NEW
*
*
3
*
4
Photograph
Can Type Laser Diodes
Frame Type Laser Diodes
DL-8032
DL-7032
DL-4034
DL-3150-105
DL-3150-106
DL-3247
DL-7240
*
DL-LS2003
*
DL-LS1018
*
Under development
*
Under development
DL-3150-103
DL-3150-107
*
DL-3150-133
*
DL-LS3007 *
DL-LS3004
DL-3180-121 DL-3107-165
DL-4039
DL-4038
DL-3039
DL-3038
DL-3149
DL-3148
DL-3147
DL-3144
DL-7140
DL-5147
DL-4148
DL-4147
DL-4140
5.6mm
Frame type (CD) Frame type (CD) Small frame type (CD) Frame type (DVD)
9.0mm (Infrared) 9.0mm (Red) D-shaped stem 5.6mm (2 Beam)
A
F G H I
B C D E
5
Application
Application
Examples of Applied Systems Applications Products
Laser Pointer
Line Marker, Leveler
Bar-code Scanner
DVD, DVD-R/RW
Laser
Beam
Printer
CD, CD-ROM, CD-R/RW
Optical Communication
Point of guide
(Meeting, Exhibition
Sightseeing etc.)
DL-3038-013
DL-3038-023
DL-3147-021
DL-3148- 13
DL-3148- 23
Reference for
construction
(For Parallel line,
For measurement
distance)
Merchandise control
Digital Versatile Disc
(DVD)-ROM, R/RW
Drive
DL-4038-021
DL-4038- 26
DL-3038- 33/-034
DL-4038- 31
DL-4148- 21
DL-LS1035
DL-3038- 33/-034
DL-3039-011
DL-3147- 31
DL-3148- 33/- 34
DL-3149- 57
DL-4038- 31
DL-3107-165
DL-3147- 65
DL-3147- 85
DL-3247- 65
DL-4147- 61
DL-LS1027
DL-4039-011
DL-4147- 61
DL-5147-041
DL-LS1035
DVD DVD-R/RW
Image printing
Word printing
DL-3039-011
DL-3149- 57
DL-4039-011
DL-LS1018
DL-3144-005S
DL-3144-007S
DL-4034-154S
DL-LS2003
DL-4140-001S
Red Laser Infrarde Laser
Compact Disc(CD),
-ROM,R/RW Drive
Optical Communication
DL-3150-103/105
DL-3150-106/107
DL-3180-121
DL-3150-133
DL-LS3004
DL-LS3007
DL-7140-201S
DL-8032-001
DL-7032-001
DL-7140-201S
DL-7240-201S
DL-7140-201H
DL-7140-201K
CD, CD-ROM CD-R/RW
DVD
CD-R/RW
6
Key Technology
Strain compensated - MQW active layer
Misoriented Substrate
Quantum-barrier
*
650~670nm Laser Diode
Tensile strain
Tensile strain
Compressive strain
Quantum-barrier
Quantum-well
Substrate
Quantum-well Tensile strain
Compressive strain Quantum-barrier
Compressive strain Quantum-barrier
Substrate
[100]
[011]
[011]
Misoriented Substrate
Conventional Substrate
*
635nm Laser Diode (except DL-LS1035)
7
Part Number Coding and Pin connection
DL-3 03 8-0 13
Laser diode series
Light output
Suffix No.
Pin connection
Max.(mW)
3 :
4 :
5 :
6 :
7 :
8 :
7
20
40
50
100
150
Package dimension (mm)
03 : 9.0
10 : Frame type(DVD)
14 : 5.6
15 : Frame type(CD)
18 : Small frame type(CD)
24 : D-shaped stem
Lasing wavelength (nm)
0 : 785790
1 : 810
2 : 830
3 : 870
4 : 780
7 : 650655
8 : 635
9 : 670675
0 : P-side down
( power supply system)
1 : N-side down
(2 power supply systems)
2 : N-side down
(+ power supply system)
Part Number Coding
LD PD
1 3
2
power supply system
Pin connection
LD PD
1 3
2
2 power supply system
LD PD
1 3
2
+ power supply system
LD
1 3 (NC)
no PD
2
+ power supply system
LD1 LD2 PD
1 3
4
2 beam + power supply system
I II III
IV V
2
External appearance dimensions
External appearance
8
Tolerance : 0.2
Unit : mm
9.00.03
0
5.35
3.0
4.750.15
Effective window diameter 2.0min.
1.00.1
0
.
4
5

0
.
1
1
1
0

1
.
0
5
.
0

0
.
3
1
.
5

0
.
1
1.4max.
30.450.1
1 2 3
2
.
4
5

0
.
1
5
0
.
5
m
a
x
.
2.54
Pin No.
Top view
LD facet
3
2
0
.
3
5.6mm stem 9.0mm stem (Infrared)
A C B
D E
D-shaped stem 5.6mm stem (2 Beam)
9.0mm stem (Red)
5.35
2.1
4.750.15
Effective window diameter 1.0min.
1.00.1
0
.
4
5

0
.
1
1
0

1
.
0
5
.
0

0
.
3
1
.
5

0
.
1
1.4max.
30.450.1
1 2 3
2
.
4
5

0
.
1
5
0
.
5
m
a
x
.
2.54
Pin No.
Top view
LD facet
1 3
2
0
.
3
9.00.03
0
4.4
3.550.1
1.6
1.00.1
0
.
4

0
.
1
Top view
1
.
2
7

0
.
0
80
.
2
5
0
.
5
m
a
x
.
LD facet
1 2 3
2.0
Pin No.
6
.
5

1
.
0
3
.
5

0
.
5
1
.
2

0
.
1
1.4max.
30.450.1
1 3
2
Effective window diameter 1.0min.
5.60.025
0
4.4
3.55
1.6
1.00.1
0
.
4

0
.
1
Top view
1
.
2
1
.
7

0
.
0
5
1
.
2
7

0
.
0
80
.
2
5
0
.
5
m
a
x
.
LD facet
1 2 3
2.0
Pin No.
6
.
5

1
.
0
3
.
5

0
.
5
1
.
2

0
.
1
1.4max.
30.450.1
Effective window diameter 0.6min.
5.60.025
0
4.4
3.550.1
1.6
1.00.1
0
.
4

0
.
1
Top view
1
.
2
7
0
.
5
m
a
x
.
LD facet
1 4 3
2.0
Pin No.
6
.
5

1
.
0
3
.
5

0
.
5
1
.
2

0
.
1
1.4max.
30.450.1
1 3
4
2
Effective window diameter 1.0min.
5.60.025
0
9
External appearance dimensions
Tolerance : 0.2
Unit : mm
Frame type (CD) Frame type (CD)
Frame type (CD) Frame type (DVD)
F G
H I
Pin No.
3.2
3 0.40.1
3
.
0

0
.
1
0
.
7

0
.
1
2
2

C
0
.
5
8.0
0
0.1
4.00.12
3.70.15 3.00.15
4.2
3
.
4
1
.
8
5
.
0

0
.
5
R
0
.
7



0

+
0
.
1
3 2 1
1
.
4



0

+
0
.
1
2

R
0
.
5
0 +
0
.1
(1.6)
20.4
6.4
LD facet
1
.
4

0
.
1
2
1
.
9
0
.
7
1
.
0
1.6
2

Pin No.
3.2
3 0.40.1
3
.
0

0
.
1
0
.
7

0
.
1
2
2

C
0
.
5
6.8
0
0.1
3.40.12
3.70.15
4.2
3
.
4
1
.
8
5
.
0

0
.
5
2

R
0
.
7



0

+
0
.
1
3 2 1
(1.6)
20.4
6.4
LD facet
1
.
4

0
.
1
2
1
.
9
0
.
7
1
.
0
1.6
2

3
0

Pin No.

3
.
3
2.87
LD facet
3-0.3
2-0.3
0.5
2-1.0 0.3
2
-3
0

1.37
1.75
4.00.1
2.00.15
1.75
3 2 1
0
.
2
1
0
.
6

0
.
1
5
0
.
8
0
.
2
0
.
7
5

0
.
1
5
3
.
5
0
5
.
0

0
.
5
2
.
5
5
3
.
0
1
.
0
1
.
4
1
2
.
8
3.2 2
-3
0

4.2
4
.
3
1
.
4
2
.
9
5
.
5
6
.
5
0
.
6
0
.
4
0
.
6
2
-
5

1.6
6.80.1
4.6
4.0
2.8
2.4
0.8
0.6
1.0
0.9
2-0.6
3.2
3-0.6
2 1 3
LD facet
10
Absolute maximum ratings
Electric optical characteristics
Definition of Feature
Absolute maximum ratings are levels that can not be exceeded even momentarily
under any external conditions. The levels are stipulated in terms of case tempera
ture Tc = 25C.
1. Light output power (PO)
This is maximum allowable output during
continuous operation. In the drive current
light output characteristics shown in the
figure on the right, there are no kinks or
bends under this light output power.
2. Reverse voltage (VR)
This is maximum allowable voltage with a
reverse bias applied to the element. The
level is stipulated separately for a laser
diode and a photodiode.
3. Ambient operating temperature (Topr)
This is the maximum ambient temperature
in which the element can operate. The level is defined by case temperature of the
element.
4. Ambient storage temperature (Tstg)
This is the maximum ambient temperature for element storage.
1. Threshold current (Ith)
Although PIF curve distinguishes the LED
light emitting region A from the laser
oscillating region B, the current level that
triggers laser oscillating is the threshold
current. In actuality, Ith is defined as the
point where the straight line in B intersects
the X axis.
2. Rated light output power (Po)
This is recommended light output power
during continuous operation.
3. Operating current (Iop)
This is a current in the forward direction
that is required to generate rated light output power.
4. Monitor current (Im)
This is an output current of the photodiode at rated light output power.
PO
O
u
t
p
u
t

p
o
w
e
r

P
Max. rating power
Non-linear
Kink
Kink power
Output power vs. Forward current (PIF)
Forward current IF
B
lop Ith
A
PO
Laser
oscillating
region
LED
emitting region
Output power vs. Forward current (PIF)
Forward current IF
O
u
t
p
u
t

p
o
w
e
r

P
11
5. Differential efficiency (dP/dIop)
This is the increase in light output power per
unit of drive current. The amount is given by
the angle of the straight light output power
line with respect to forward current in the
laser oscillating range.
6. Lasing wavelength ( p)
This is peak lasing wavelength at rated
light output power. The lasing spectrum is
broadly classified as either a single mode
or a multi-mode as shown in the figure on
the right, and peak lasing wavelength is
defined by the maximum spectral intensity
in either mode.
7. Beam divergence angle : Parallel ( ), Perpendicular( )
Light radiating from laser chip diverges as shown in the figure on the lower left. When the
light distribution is measured in the parallel (X axis) and perpendicular (Y axis) directions
with respect to the surface of the PN-junction on laser chip, (a) and (b) are shown in the
figure on the lower right. The beam divergence angle at 1/2 of the peak intensity of the light
distribution (full angle at half maximum) is defined as and .
Single mode
Lasing spectrum
Multi mode
dP/dlop
dlop
dP
Forward current IF
Output power vs. Forward current (PIF)
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.5
Light
output power
Angle Angle
Beam divergence ( , )
(a) (b)
Front
Rear
Laser chip
PN-junction
Beam divergence
O
u
t
p
u
t

p
o
w
e
r

P
Definition of Feature
12
This is expressed by a light axis shift with
respect to a reference surface. In a beam
divergent distribution of the parallel and
perpendicular directions as shown in the
figure on the right, shifts in both directions are
defined by (a - b)/2.
This is expressed by a shift in
the position of the light emitting
area. X and Y represent the
shift from the center of the
package, while Z represents a
shift with respect to stipulated
positions (a) from a reference
surface to the edge of a laser
diode (LD).
10. Astigmatism (As)
An astigmatism refers to a shift in focus position seen in the perpendicular and parallel
directions on the PN-junction surface of laser chip as shown in the figure on lower left.
11. Droop ( P)
This is the rate of light output power attenuation when a laser is driven by pulsed constant
current. The rate is defined by (A - B)/B x 100 % as shown in the figure on the lower right.
8. Light axis off angle : Parallel ( ), Perpendicular ( )
9. Light emission off center point ( X, Y, Z)
1.0
0.5
b
0
Light
output power
Light axis
off angle
Light axis off angle ( , )
Angle
(ab)/2
a
a
Z Y
X
Top view
Light emission off center point ( X, Y, Z)
LD facet
Reference plane
Side view
Focus position seen
in the perpendicular
direction
Focus position seen
in the parallel direction
Laser beam
Laser chip
A
s
tig
m
a
tis
m
A
s
Astigmatism (As)
B
A
Duty : 10%
Duty : 90%
Time T
600Hz
O
u
t
p
u
t

p
o
w
e
r

P
P=(AB)/Bx100%
Droop ( P)
Definition of Feature
Precautions for use
13
Precautions for Use
Laser characteristics (wavelength, operating
current) vary with temperature, and variation
is more extreme at shorter wavelength. We
recommend installing an APC circuit to main
tain a constant output because operating
current varies significantly with temperature.
By the same token, laser reliability can be im
proved by designing products based on their
heat release characteristics. Since laser reli
ability falls off steeply at a higher tempera
ture, never allow the case to exceed the op
erating temperature range given in specifica
tions while a laser is in use.
1. Temperature characteristics
25C 50C 70C
Forward current IF
Temperature characteristics of I-L curves
O
u
t
p
u
t

p
o
w
e
r

P
3. Measuring light output power
2. Thermal radiation
Make sure that a thermal radiating plate (W 30 x L 30 x t 5 mm) made of aluminum or
some other high thermal conducting materials is mounted to laser diode. The reliability
of laser diode is closely linked to junction temperature, so reliability rapidly declines at
a higher temperature. Do not overlook thermal radiation.
Thermal radiating plate
(Al or Cu)
Use a light power meter to measure light output
power of laser diodes. When measuring with APC
drive, set a power meter at an angle as shown in
the right figure so that a photodiode in a laser
diode is not exposed to reflected light from the
power meter.
Laser diode
Power meter
20
14
Precautions for Use
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
5. Soldering conditions
Maximum temperature is set at 260C and soldering time is within 3.0 seconds and
minimum clearance of 1.6 mm from the root of a lead is necessary.
6. Prevention of breakdown due to static electricity or surge current
Laser diode may be adversely affected by static electricity and surge current and,
consequently causes breakdown of element and reduction of reliability unless the
following cares are taken :
Power supply, installation and measuring equipment should be grounded. A noise
filter or noise-cut transformer is to be provided to power supply input utilized.
During operation, working clothes, hats and shoes should be static-protected when in
use.
Also, a workman body should be static-protected by use of an earth-band or the like
and grounded through high resistance (500 k - 1M ).
A soldering iron should be grounded to protect laser diodes from voltage leak.
Any container for carriage and storage should be static-protected.
Avoid using laser diodes at a place where high frequent surge current may be
generated as an inductive electric field gives breakdown or deterioration. (Avoid being
placed around fluorescent grow lamp, for example).
1
9
0
Do not exceed, even momentarily, the maximum ratings.
When laser diode is driven in excess of the maximum ratings, it causes not only instant
breakdown or deterioration but also considerable reduction in reliability.
Laser diode may be damaged by surge current generated at power on-off operation.
Check on the transient characteristics of power supply to make sure that such surge
current does not exceed the maximum ratings.
The maximum ratings are specified by case temperature at 25C. Design should be
made well to work with temperature. As temperature goes up, power dissipation as
well as maximum light output power is reduced.
(1)
(2)
4. Absolute maximum ratings
Static protected clothes
Soldering iron with surge protection
Conductive table mat
Conductive floor mat
Humidifier
Grounded band
1M
15
If current is flowing into the forward direction
and output continues to rise following a kink or
other deviation, then the laser eventually
reaches facet breakdown (COD) level where
the crystal at the facet melts due to the high
optical density. Special care must be taken in
the handling of red lasers because they may
continue to oscillate with a low power of 2 to 3
mW even after occuring facet breakdown.
There are several ways to tell whether an ele
ment is damaged or destroyed, such as
through a far field pattern or an increase in the
operating current. The life of a laser is signifi
cantly curtailed once the element is damaged,
so special care must be taken to avoid not
only excessing current when adjusting the out
put, but surge like static electricity as well.
7. COD (Catastrophic Optical Damage) level
(A) Nomal laser (B) Damaged laser due to COD
COD level
Kink level
Forward current IF
Output power vs. Forward current (PIF)
O
u
t
p
u
t

p
o
w
e
r

P
Precautions for Use
Near field pattern
Far field pattern
Normal laser
Damaged laser
lop
lop1
Po
Forward current (mA)
O
u
t
p
u
t

P
o
w
e
r

(
m
W
)
lop2
Near field pattern
Damaged laser due to COD Output power vs. Forward current
16
ESD data
(1) Measurement circuit
(2) Example of ESD data
Precautions for Use
(Machine model)
R=2M
C=200pF V
LD
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
20 40
Supplied voltage (V)
Judgment : lop 1.5mA
AlGaInP Red laser diode
A
l
i
v
e

r
a
t
e

(
%
)
60 80 100
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 20 40
Supplied voltage (V)
AlGaAs Infrared laser diode
A
l
i
v
e

r
a
t
e

(
%
)
60 80 100 120
17
9. Package handling
Package must not be cut off, reworked nor deformed. Do not hold the cap of laser
diode tight, otherwise it may bring about cracks onto the window glass.
Do not touch the surface of the window glass. Any scratch or contamination may result
in reduction of optical characteristics.
Remove small contaminations on the surface softly using a cotton stick with a small
amount of methyl alcohol.
Polarizing characteristics of red lasers vary
with distortions in the active layer. Conven
tional infrared lasers as well as 650 to 675nm
lasers oscillate in the TE mode (polarizing di
rection parallel to the junction plane). As
such, special care must be taken when using
polarized optical parts with 635nm laser (ex
cept DL-LS1035) because it oscillates in the
TM mode (polarizing direction parpendicular
to the junction plane).
8. Polarizing characteristics
Y
635nm polarizing direction
650675nm, 780nm
polarizing direction
X
Top view of the stem
(1)
(2)
(3)
Precautions for Use
18
Packaging
Stem type Laser (300P)
Frame type Laser (1000P)
Packaging
235mm
1
150
tray
1
9
2
m
m
4
3
m
m
Internal box
ESD
protective bag
(2tray / bag)
235mm
100
1
tray
1
9
2
m
m
5
1
m
m
Internal box
ESD
protective bag
(10tray / bag)
19
This APC drive circuit is used for type I pin connecting diagram.
When a laser diode (LD) emits light, light current (Im) proportionated to light output
power flows to a monitoring photodiode (PD) and a voltage V1 = Im (R3+R4) generates.
This voltage is sent by the op amp OP1 through a buffer to the op amp OP2.
Reference voltage V2 obtained from constant-voltage diode and volume switch is also
sent to the op amp OP2.
The op amp OP2 compares two voltages and then varies base current of output
transistor while controlling the current flowing to laser diode so that V1 = V2 is constantly
maintained. This is how constant light output power is obtained.
Adjustment
Turn volume switch R3 as high as it will go, and set 5 k volume switch so that V2 = 0.
Mount laser diode with power turned off.
Turn power on, and turn 5 k volume switch to the center point while measuring light
output power with a light power meter. Here, light output power should be 1/2 of the
setting level. If difference from the setting level is significant, then turn off power and
adjust R3 and R4.
Turn volume switch R3 until light output power matches the setting level.
R1 R4 setting procedure
Set light output range based on the data for laser diode characteristics and then use
the table below to determine proper operating current and monitoring output current
for light output power.
Light
output power
Pmax
Pmin
Imax
Imin
Im max
Im min
100k
2.2k
2.2k
2.2k
1k
47k 5k
5V
10
33
47
0.1
470
2SD600
LD PD
Unit (Resistance : Capacitance : F)
1/2 LA6358N
1/2 LA6358N
OP2
OP1

12V
GND
R2
10
R1
39
R4
4.7k
R3
50k
Im
V1
V1
V2
1

+
+
+
+
+
1. APC Circuit
Operating
current
Monitoring
output current
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
Drive Circuit Recommendations
Laser Drive System
20
(2) Set power resistance R1 and R2 for Imax based on table 1 used with the ACC circuit.
(3) After adjustments on the previous page, V2 will be about 1.7 volts.
Determine resistance R4 so that Immax x R4 = 1.7.
(4) Determine resistance R3 so that Immax x (R3 + R4) = 1.7. (Pmax = 4 mW and
Pmin = 1 mW when using 3 mW.)
5.6k
2.2k
1k
2k 5k
2V
10 33
47
0.1
470
2SD600
Unit (Resistance : Capacitance : F)
1/2 LA6358N
1/2 LA6358N
12V
GND
R1
39
R4
100
R3
1k
PD
V1
V2
100k
LD 1

+
+

Im
2.APC Circuit
OP1
OP2
This drive circuit is used for type II pin connecting diagram. Operating principle
and adjustment procedure is exactly the same as that for APC circuit 1, except
that the resistance R3 and R4 settings are different.
R1 R4 setting procedure
(1) V2 in the circuit is about 0.26 volt, so determine resistance R4 so that Immax x R4 = 0.26.
(2) Determine resistance R3 so that Immin x (R3 + R4) = 0.26. (Be sure to set R3 so that
voltage V1 is less than 0.5 volt because reverse bias is not applied to a photodiode).
2.2k 2.2k
2.2k
1k
47k
5k
5V
10
33
47
0.1
470
PD
Unit (Resistance : Capacitance : F)
1/2 LA6358N
1/2 LA6358N
12V
GND
R1
39
R4
4.7k
R3
50k V2
V1
100k LD 1
+

Im
2SB631
3.APC Circuit
R2
10
This drive circuit is used for type III pin connecting diagram. The circuit is a version
of APC circuit 1 altered for reverse polarity characteristics and has the same
operating principle, adjustment procedure and resistance settings as APC circuit 1.
OP1
OP2
Laser Drive System
+
+
+
+
+
+
21
This is an example of an APC circuit for battery-powered Type I pin connection
circuits. It is ideally suited for a low-current DL-3148-023 The reference voltage
here is the voltage between the base and emitter of transistor TR1, and is normally
0.6 volts.
Since the absolute maximum rated power of the DL-3148-023 is 3 mW, the power
adjustment range for the circuit is between 0.5 and 2 mW. Resistors R3 and R4
used for adjusting power are set as outlined below.
Since Im is 0.12 mA at a maximum power of 2 mW, then R4 = VBE / Im = 0.6 / 0.12
= 5k .
Then since R3 determines minimum optical output and Im is 0.03 mA with 0.5mW
of power, then R3 + R4 = VBE / Im = 0.6 / 0.03 = 20k and R3 =15k .
1k
(50 )
20F
10F
0.6V
LD
4. APC Circuit
C2

3V
GND
10k
15k
R3
5k
R4
TR2
2SC3383
TR1
PD
2SC3383
C1=1
Laser Drive System
+
+
The output light from laser diode is visible or invisible, and harmful to a human eye. Avoid looking at the output light of
laser diode directly or even indirectly through a lens while oscillating. When an optical axis is to be adjusted to a laser
beam and outer optical systems, a laser beam should be observed through an infrared TV camera or other equipment.
Particularly when the light is collimated or focused through a lens, safety glasses should be worn and care should be
taken to absolutely protect human eyes from the directly entering beam.
CAUTION THE USE OF OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH THIS PRODUCT WILL INCREASE EYE HAZARD.
Refer to IEC 825-1 and 21 CFR 1040.10 - 1040.11 as a radiation safety standard as to laser products.
Safety
I S O
VISIBLE LASER RADIATION-
AVOIDE DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM
AVOID EXPOSURE
-Visible laser radiation
is emitted from this aperture
Type :
Manufactured :
This product complies with 21 CFR 1040.10
and 1040.11.
TOTTORI SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
LED DIVISION
5-318, Tachikawa, Tottori 680-8634 Japan
LASER DIODE
PEAK POWER 50 mW
WAVELENGTH 635-685 nm
CLASS IIIb LASER PRODUCT
LASER DIODE
INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION-
AVOIDE DIRECT EXPOSURE TO BEAM
AVOID EXPOSURE
-Invisible laser radiation
is emitted from this aperture
LASER DIODE
PEAK POWER 200 mW
WAVELENGTH 780-830 nm
CLASS IIIb LASER PRODUCT
LED Division of Tottori SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. takes pride in providing its customers
with the highest quality LED products possible. We are especially proud of the fact that all
LED products of our company have already obtained the verification of ISO 9001 in ac
cordance with IECQ (IEC Quality Assessment for Electronic Components). The produc
tion system is carried out in one continuous operation, including such processes as syn
thesis of compound semiconductors, single crystal growth and final display assembly. It
is our goal that, by making the best use of such production system, we develop quality
control activities which are supported by the verification of ISO, and offer the products in
100% conformance with our customers specifications.
Our quality assurance activities
for release of continually improving
new products are carried out re
flecting customers desires which
are constantly fed back into our
production lines. Our mass-pro
duction is controlled by standar
dized processes such as mass-
production trial approval, a quality
control method to confirm the trial
products being made identical.
The guarantee shall be applied
only to the products delivered by
our company.
Quality assurance system
Environmental management system
Electronic Device Business Headquarters LED Division of Tottori Sanyo Electric Co.,
Ltd. has already obtained the verification of ISO 14001 in accordance with the assess
ment approval system of Environmental management system. The sphere of ISO 14001
are the development, design, manufacture and sales on the Optoelectoronic device.
45