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HUBS 192
Module -1, Lecture 2 Cardiovascular
System
Anatomy of the Heart, part I
Objectives
After you have revised this lecture you should be able to:
Describe the general organization of the
cardiovascular system.
Orientate the heart within the thorax.
Describe the chambered structure of the heart
and related this to the pumping action of the
organ.
Name the layers of the heart wall.
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2
Levels of organisation: applying the concept to the
Cardiovascular System
Organs
Heart
Veins /
Lymphatics
made
up of
Arteries
Capillaries
consist
of
consist
of
made
up of
Vascular
tissue
Cells
made
up of
epithelia
consist
of
Connective
tissues
muscle
Pump
Supply
Exchange
Drainage
Cardiovascular
system
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Cardiovascular System Anatomy
Blood Vascular System
A closed supply and drainage system.
~a continuous loop
Lymphatic (Vascular) System
A open-entry drainage system.
~ a one-way system
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Blood and Lymph Vascular Systems
4
Patton & Thibodeau, Figure 23-5
General Principles of Organisation of the
Cardiovascular system
- Arteries are the only supply path.
- Major arteries are situated to avoid damage
(eg: deep in the trunk; on exor aspect of limbs).
- Important structures often receive supply from two
sources (two separate arteries).
- Arteries change their name at each major branch.
(A) Supply side
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Capillaries of varying degrees of permeability
Continuous (controlled ~ tight)
Fenestrated (leaky)
Sinusoidal (very leaky)
(B) Exchange network
General Principles of Organisation of the
Cardiovascular system
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We will look at these in more detail in CVS lecture 5
(C) Drainage
3 pathways for drainage:
Deep veins
Supercial veins
Lymphatics