DOSIS KEBISINGAN

BILA SESEORANG BERADA PADA TEMPAT TEMPAT YANG BERBEDA TINGKAT KEBISINGANNYA
DENGAN WAKTU YANG BERUBAH-UBAH, MAKA UNTUK MENENTUKAN APAKAH DOSIS KEBISINGAN
MELEBIHI ATAU TIDAK, DAPAT DITENTUKAN DENGAN PERHITUNGAN BERIKUT :

SUMBER : http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/noise-exposure-level-d_718.html
When the daily noise exposure consists of periods of different noise levels, the daily dose can be
calculated as:
D = ( t
e1
/ t
d1
+ t
e2
/ t
d2
+ ... + t
en
/ t
dn
) 100% (1)
where
D = daily noise exposure (%)
t
e
= exposure time at a specified noise level
t
d
= maximum duration time at a specified noise level
According the National Institute for Occupational Safety - NIOSH - the daily dose level - D - should
not equal or exceed 100.

TWA - Time Weighted Average Noise Levels - and Noise Dose
The TWA shows a worker's daily exposure to occupational noise (normalized to an 8 hour day),
taking into account the average levels of noise and the time spent in each area. This is the
parameter that is used by the OSHA Regulations and is essential in assessing a workers exposure
and what action should be taken.


The daily dose can be converted to an 8-hr Time-Weighted Average -TWA by the formula
TWA = 10 log( D / 100 ) + 85 (2)
Daily noise dose as an 8-hr TWA for different daily noise doses:

Daily noise dose as an 8-hr TWA for different daily noise doses:
Daily Noise Dose (%)
8-hr TWA
(dBA)
20 78.0
30 79.8
40 81.0
50 82.0
60 82.8
70 83.5
80 84.0
90 84.5
100 85.0
200 88.0
400 91.0
600 92.8
800 94.0
1,000 95.0
1,500 96.8
2,000 98.0
4,000 101.0
Daily Noise Dose (%)
8-hr TWA
(dBA)
6,000 102.8
8,000 104.0
10,000 105.0
20,000 108.0
40,000 111.0
60,000 112.8
80,000 114.0
100,000 115.0
150,000 116.8
200,000 118.0
400,000 121.0
600,000 122.8
800,000 124.0
1,000,000 125.0
2,000,000 128.0
4,000,000 131.0
6,000,000 132.8
8,000,000 134.0
10,000,000 135.0
20,000,000 138.0





Working Out the Noise Dose and TWA
Before working out the worker's TWA you have to measure the different high noise levels that the
worker is subjected throughout a normal working day. The Time Weighted Average is calculated
using these noise levels together with the amount of time that the worker is exposed to them.

TWA Calculator

First calculate the Noise Dose as: Dose = 100 x (C1/T1 + C2/T2 + C3/T3 + ... + Cn/Tn)
where
Cn = time spent at each noise level
Tn =8/8
(L-90)/5

(L is the measured sound level)

It is often easier to get Tn from a lookup table:

L T L T L T L T

80 32.0 90 8.0 100 2.0 110 0.50

81 27.9 91 7.0 101 1.7 111 0.44

82 24.3 92 6.1 102 1.5 112 0.38

83 21.1 93 5.3 103 1.3 113 0.33

84 18.4 94 4.6 104 1.1 114 0.29

85 16.0 95 4.0 105 1.0 115 0.25

86 13.9 96 3.5 106 0.87 116 0.22

87 12.1 97 3.0 107 0.76 117 0.19

88 10.6 98 2.6 108 0.66 118 0.16

89 9.2 99 2.3 109 0.57 119 0.14

Worked Example
A worker is exposed to 86 dB for six hours and 92 dB for a three hours, giving a nine hour working
day.
Dose = 100 x (6/13.9 + 3/6.1) = 92.3%

Once you have the Dose% figure, you can calculate the TWA using the following equation:

TWA = 16.61 Log10 (D/100) + 90

where

TWA is the 8-hour Time Weighted Average Sound Level
D is the Dose % as calculated above (or measured with a dosimeter)
Log10 is the Logarithm to base 10

TWA = 16.61 x Log10 (92.3 / 100) + 90 = 89.4 dB

The OSHA action levels are based on either TWA or Dose % (which are different representations of
the same number). These action levels are 85 dB (or 50% Dose) and 90 dB (or 100% Dose).