FLUID MECHANICS ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF TRANSFERRING PRODUCTS (GASOIL AND

GASOLINE) FROM TTF TO APD.

Scope:
This report seeks to analyse the possibility of sending petroleum products from Tema Tank Farm to
the Accra Plains Depot.
Introduction:
Transferring product from Tema Tank Farm basically involves first pumping product with 145.2

capacity pumps (Sulzer) at the pump house to the suction inlet of the 372

capacity booster
pumps at the Trafigura yard (Kpone Marine Services). The booster pumps will then boost the
pressure of the fluid so that it can get be sent via pipelines to the Accra Plains Depot (APD).
Trafigura provide services of transferring petroleum products from the CBM (Conventional
Buoy Mooring) to storage tanks at the Accra Plains Depot(APD). They have booster pumps that are
designed to perform this task in their facility. All that is required is to present the possibility of using
our loading pumps (P3012/13/14/15/16/17) to meet the Net Positive Suction Head Available
(NPSHa) required by the booster pumps to function effectively.

Body:
See appendix for analysis.
Conclusion:
From the analysis, it is evident that our pumps are well capable of meeting the NPSHa of the
booster pumps.









FLUID MECHANICS ANALYSIS
Parameters
(Sulzer CPT pump)
Rated pump discharge, Q= 145.2

/h, rated pump pressure head,

= 62.2m
Total distance to be travelled by gasoil in 12 discharge pl,

= 11.23m
Total distance to be travelled by gasoil in 18 discharge pl,

= = 157.601m
Total distance to be travelled by gasoline in 12 discharge pl,

= = 6.437m
Total distance to be travelled by gasoline in 12 discharge pl,

= = 137.941m
Density of gasoil, (gasoil) = 850kg

Density of gasoline, (gasoline) = 741kg

Inside diameters of pipe, 12= 11.94=0.303m radius= 0.1515m
18= 16.88=0.429m radius= 0.2145m
Fluid velocity @ rated Q
Q= 145.2

/h. Hence V=

, where Q=discharge and A= area

Thus velocity in 18 pipe,

=
.
.
= 0.2791
Thus velocity in 12 pipe,

=
.
.
= 0.560
Dynamic viscosity,
Kinematic viscosity, v= thus =
But v(gasoil)= 6.5cSt=6.5 10

, Hence = 833 (6.5 10

) = 0.0054145.
v(gasoline)= 1.5cSt=1.5 10

, Hence = 741 (1.5 10

) = 0.0011115.

Relative Roughness, k
k=

where D= inside diameter of pipe

Absolute roughness, e=0.10mm =0.00010m (for commercial steel pipes)
Hence relative roughness for 18pipe is

=
.
.
= 2.3310

Hence relative roughness for 12pipe is

=
.
.
= 3.3 10

Reynolds number, Re
Re=

, thus for gasoil,

=
..
.
= 1.88 10

2 10

=
..
.
= 2.664 10

And for gasoline,

=
..
.
= 7.982310

=
..
.
= 1.1312 10

For our loading pumps to be able to meet the NPSHa required by the booster pumps, the suction
pressure at the inlet of the booster pump must be greater than the NPSHa of the booster pumps
specified by the manufacturer.
From the booster pump specifications of the manufacturer, the NPSHa must be greater than 7m.

The formula for the NPSHa=

where

= ,

= ,

=
,

= ,

= inlet suction head losses

=
..
.
=
..
.
=39.95ft=12.1768m

= = 62.2

() = 0.2 = 0.543 = 0.165 ;

() = 10.51 = 9.64
Friction head

= (

) (

2
)
For gasoil; using the Reynolds number in a fully filled 12pl,

= 2.664 10

Reynolds number in a fully filled 18pl,

= 2 10

And the relative roughness,

= 3.3 10

and

= 2.3310

From Moodys chart; friction factor for 18 pl,

= 0.0270
friction factor for 12 pl,

= 0.017
For gasoline; the Reynolds number in a fully filled 12pl,

= 1.1312 10

Reynolds number in a fully filled 18pl,

= 7.9823 10

And the relative roughness,

= 3.3 10

and

= 2.3310

From Moodys chart; friction factor for 12 pl,

= 0.020
friction factor for 18 pl,

= 0.0195
Thus below is the friction heads for gasoil
When the gasoil fluid travels through the 12 pl the friction head it encounters is

) (

2
)
Thus

= 0.017(
.
.
) (
.

.
) = 0.0101m
When the gasoil fluid travels through the 18 pl the friction head it encounters is

) (

2
)
Thus

= 0.027(
.
.
) (
.

.
) = 0.0418m
Thus below is the friction heads for gasoline
When the gasoline fluid travels through the 12 pl the friction head it encounters is

) (

2
)
Thus

= 0.020(
.
.
) (
.

.
) = 0.0068m
When the gasoil fluid travels through the 18 pl the friction head it encounters is

) (

2
)
Thus

= 0.0195(
.
.
) (
.

.
) = 0.0249m
Friction heads for pipe fittings are;
Note: these are the number of pipeline fittings along the fluid travel from TTF to Trafigura;
Gasoil Gasoline
12 90 = 11 18 90 = 10
18 90 = 2 18 = 6
18 45 = 2 18 = 4
18 = 5
18 = 4
For 12 90 ;
()
=
()
(

) = 0.39
.

.
= 0.00623m ( 11)
For 18 90 ;
()
=
()
(

) = 0.36
.

.
= 0.00143m ( 2)
For 18 45 ;
()
=
()
(

) = 0.192
.

.
= 0.00051m ( 2)
For 18 ;

=

(

) = 0.39
.

.
= 0.000397m ( 5)
For 18 ;

) = 0.72
.

.
= 0.00286m ( 4)
Hence total friction head for gasoil fluid travel,
Total

()
+
()
+
()
+

+


Thus total

= 0.0101+0.0418+0.01573+0.01246+0.00102+0.001985+0.01144
= 0.