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í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 3 -ï-†-´-J 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Visesh: You are in a very smart shirt today. Visesh: Seems to be the good sort.
Where did you buy it? (´’ç*-®Ω-éπç-í¬ØË (´’ç*¢√úÕ-™«Íí) éπE°œ-Ææ’h-
(†’´¤y ¢ËÆæ’-èπ◊†o shirt î√™« Ø√Wí¬_ Ø√o-úø-ûªúø’.)
ÖçC. áéπ\úø éÌØ√o´¤?) Sasesh: He really is. He is one of the people
Sasesh: I usually buy all my clothes from who like company.
smartdress. I bought this there as (Eï¢Ë’. Éûª-®Ω’© ≤ƒ£æ«-Ωuç éÓ®Ω’-èπ◊-ØË-
well. ¢√-∞¡x™ Åûª-ØÌ-éπúø’.)
(Ø√ ü¿’Ææ’h-©Fo ؈’ smartdress ™ Visesh: I like to meet him.
éÌçö«. ÉC èπÿú≈ Åéπ\úË.) (ÅûªúÕE éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’.)
Visesh: You were talking to a tall guy yester- Sasesh: You will have the opportunity when he
day. Who was he? comes here next week.
(E†o †’´¤y §Òúø’í¬_ Ö†o äéπ-ûª-úÕûÓ a) Of which college are you a student? = 6) He is good at a number of games. Chesss is
(´îËa-¢√®Ωç Åûª-E-éπ\-úÕéÀ ´*a-†-°æ¤púø’ Fé¬ one of them = Chess is one of the number of
´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤. á´-®Ω-ûªúø’?) †’´¤y à college b) Which college
Nü∆u-JnN? =
Å´-é¬-¨¡-´·ç-ô’çC.) games he is good at. (
Sasesh: Don't you remember? He is Raghu. I are you a student of? - (a), (b) ©™ (b), Åûª-úÕéÀ ¶«í¬ ´*a†
    (Preposition- 'of' common. games chess
spent my last summer with him. He is *´®Ω ¢√úÕçC) áèπ◊\´ ™ äéπöÀ)
lessons ™ ´’†ç who, whose, which, †’´yC à shop ™ éÌØ√o´¤? = Which shop 7) Have you seen the cricket bat at my place? He
my distant cousin. í∫ûª È®çúø’
did you buy it from? (From which shop did you used to practise with it = Have you seen at my
that, where, when ©ûÓ È®çúø’ sentences †’ ᙫ
(í∫’®Ω’h-™‰ü∆ Fèπ◊? éÀçü¿öÀ ¢ËÆæN™ Åûª-úÕ- place the cricket bat he used to practise with?
ûÓØË ÖØ√o ؈’. Ø√èπ◊ ü¿÷®Ω°æ¤ cousin éπ©§ÒîÓa ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-Ø√oç-í∫ü∆? Ñ lesson ™ èπÿú≈ buy it? ņç)
sentence pairs
Åûªúø’.) ´’†ç ü∆ØËo îª÷úø-¶-ûª’Ø√oç Å®·ûË éÌçûª ûËú≈ûÓ. ÅC éÓÊÆçü¿’èπ◊ Ø√èπ◊ î√èπ◊ 鬢√L= I want a knife îª÷¨»®Ω’ éπü∆, °j
preposition
(¢√é¬u© ïûª-
to cut it with. (with *´®Ω ¢√ú≈ç.)
©†’) éπL-°œ-†-°æ¤púø’, *´®Ω ®√´ôç.
Visesh: Yea. I remember now. But why did -´·çü¿’í¬ ´’†ç prepositions í∫’Jç* ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊- Spoken English ™ É™«Íí éπ-©’-°æ¤û√ç. É™« ¢√úÕûË
you go to him? I usually remember †oC (§ƒûª lessons ™) ¶«í¬ í∫’®Ω’hèπ◊ ûÁa-éÓ-¢√L. ÉC í∫’®Ω’hç--éÓçúÕ– É°æ¤púø’ È®çúø’, ´‚úø’ sen- ´’† conversation î√™« effective í¬ Öçô’çC.
something about his helping you. í∫’®Ω’hçC éπü∆. Prepositions Åçõ‰: above, after, tences †’ join îËÊÆô°æ¤púø’ °j sentences ™™«
ÉçéÓ N≠æߪ’ç. °j pairs of sentences ÅEoçöÀ™
preposition *´®Ω ¢√úøôç correct.
(Å´¤†’. É°æ¤púø’ í∫’®Ìh-*açC Ø√èπ◊. ÅÆæ©’ along, at, before, between, by, down, for, from, èπÿú≈, ¢√öÀE éπL-Ê°-ô-°æ¤púø’ which, that, whose,
Now look at the follow- where, and when omit
†’´¤y ÅûªúÕ ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ áçü¿’-Èé-∞«}´¤? Åûªúø’ in, into, like, near, of, off, ™«çöÀ ´÷ô©’ î˨»ç éπü∆.
ing pairs of sentences omit examples prepo-
FÍéüÓ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç îËߪ’úøç í∫’Jç* on, out of, over, since, É™« îËÊÆ ´’J-éÌEo îª÷ü∆lç,
and observe how we sitions
ÅÆæp≠ædçí¬ í∫’®Ω’hçC Ø√èπ◊.) through, under, up, with,
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
*´®Ω ´îËaô’x.
vague (= ÅÆæp-≠d-¢
æ Á’i†) X clear. (vague- ¢Áß˝’í˚) can join them with the
without 404 1) We cut the fruit with this knife. It is very
preposition in the end.
™«çöÀ ´÷ô©’.
Sasesh: You were out of town at the time. I sharp. Ñ È®çúÕç-öÀE É™« éπ©’-°æ-´îª’a:
had to spend a) This knife which we
time with cut the fruit with
someone. So I
went to him. He
is very good at
a number of
This knife we cut the fr uit with.. (prep) is very sharp.
b) This knife we cut the
fruit with is very
sharp.
games. Chess is one of them. I learnt place, positions, time, or 1) You are in very smart shirt today.
OöÀE a) ™ which ¢√úÕ éπL§ƒç. b) ™ which
it from him. method ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ nouns/ pronouns Where did you buy it? = Where ™‰èπ◊çú≈ éπL§ƒç. (b) ™™« éπ©-°æ-úø¢Ë’ ¶«í∫’ç-
(Ç Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ †’´¤y Ü∞x ™‰´¤. á´®Ó ´·çü¿’ ¢√úøû√ç. OöÀE î√™« N´-®Ωçí¬ did you buy the smart shirt you ô’çC. Ææ’©¶µºç èπÿú≈.
äéπJûÓ time í∫úø-§ƒ-L-í∫ü∆? Åçü¿’-éπE §ƒûª lessons ™ îª÷¨»ç. are in? (In *´®Ω ´≤ÚhçC éπü∆?)
2) I am looking for a stick. I want to beat the
Who, whose, etc. ©ûÓ È®çúø’ ´‚úø’ 2) I usually buy all my clothes from
dog with it
¢√∞¡⁄}®Ω’ ¢Á∞«}†’. Åûªúø’ Çô©’ ¶«í¬ (؈’ éπv®Ω éÓÆæç îª÷Ææ’hØ√o. ü∆EûÓ
Çúø-û√úø’. ¢√öÀ™ chess äéπöÀ. ÅûªúÕ sentences †’ éπL-Ê°-ô-°æ¤púø’ preposi- smartdress. I bought this there as
join
èπ◊éπ\†’ éÌõ‰dç-ü¿’èπ◊)– OöÀE îËÊÆh:
ü¿í∫_®Ω ÅC ØË®Ω’a-èπ◊Ø√o.) tions áéπ\úø ¢√ú≈-©-ØËC î√™« ´·êu-¢Á’i† well = I bought this from smart-
a) I am looking for a stick which I want to
Visesh: I now understand why you play the N≠æߪ’ç Modern Spoken English ™. M.SURESAN dress where I usually buy all my
beat the dog with.
game so well. clothes from (from- prep)
Prepositions †’ sentences *´®Ω b) I am looking for a stick I want to beat the
3) You were talking to a tall guy yesterday. Who
dog with.
(É°æ¤púø’ Ø√éπ-®Ωn-´’-®·uçC †’¢Áyçü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úøôç É°æpöÀ ¢√úø’éπ.
chess Åçûª ¶«í¬ Çúø-û√¢Ó.) was he? = Who was the tall guy you were
In which class are you? (†’¢Ëy class?) a) is more common and more accepted than (b).
Sasesh: Have you seen the cricket bat at my Ñ sentence ™, preposition (prep) sentence 4) talking to, yesterday? (to- prep)
He is Raghu. I spent my last summer with practise
place? He used to practise with it. He
ÉN éÌçîÁç éπ≠dçæ . Åçü¿’-éπE ¶«í¬ îËߪ’çúÕ.
´·çü¿’çC éπü∆? Å®·ûË Modern English him = He is Raghu, who I spent my last sum- O©’†oçûª English îªü¿-´çúÕ.
gave it to me. (´·êuçí¬ Spoken English) ™, sentence *´®Ω mer with. (with- prep)
(´÷ Éçöx cricket bat îª÷ÊÆ Öçö«´¤ ´Ææ’hçC preposition, É™«. 5) I had to spend time with someone. So I went
†’´¤y. Åûªúø’ ü∆EûÓØË practise îËÊÆ- Which class are you in? (†’¢Ëy class ™ Q. i) Applications called for for
to him = I went to him to spend time with.
ÖØ√o´¤?/ †’¢Ëy class?) the post of ... for
(with- prep)
¢√úø’. ÅC Ø√éÀ-îËa-¨»-úø-ûªúø’.) -Ñ -¢√éπuç-™
È®çúø’-≤ƒ®Ω’x -Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-´-î√a?
ii) Ex èπ◊ former èπ◊ ûËú≈ -à-N’-öÀ?
EXERCISE Terrorists hatched the plan to kill
Ç Éü¿l®Ω’ cricketer ©’ äéπ-J-ØÌ-éπ®Ω’ Most Ministers are involved in
MS Benazir Bhutto even before some scandal or the other = - A. Kiranmai, Hyderabad
Match the words under A with
A.
she returned to Pakistan =
¶«í¬ Aô’d-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’. ¢√∞¡}†’ Ææ´÷-üµ∆-†-
their meanings under B. Applications called for, for the post of...
Benazir Bhutto §ƒé˙èπ◊ ®√éπ-´·çüË
°æ-®Ω-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ umpire èπ◊ éÌçûª î√™«-´’çC ´’çvûª’©’ v°æï-©†’
A B
Cví¬s¥ç-ûª-°æ-®ΩîË îÁúø’ v°æ´-®Ωh†, ü¿’¨¡a- Ééπ\úø for for,
È®çúø’-≤ƒ®Ω÷x Å´-Ææ-®Ω¢Ë’. ¢Á·ü¿öÀ
Æ洒ߪ’ç °æöÀdçC.
Bv´-¢√-ü¿’©’ Ç¢Á’ £æ«ûªuèπ◊ èπ◊-vô ®Ωu©ûÓ Ææç•çüµ¿ç Ö†o-¢√∞¡Ÿx. Applications - Applications called for =
1. Hatch A. Offend He abused me for no fault of
èπ◊
°æØ√o®Ω’. People in public service should Applications which have been called for.
2. Rude B. Dishonour mine =
2-D. Rude = Impolite = Ill man- guard themselves against scan-
Ø√ ØË®Ωç àç ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√
È®çúÓ for, for the post of =
Ç ÖüÓuí∫ç éÓÆæç.
3. Abuse C. Quarrel nered-
††’o Åûªúø’ ØÓöÀ-éÌ-*a-†ô’d Aö«dúø’/ dals=
ii) Ex= former-
Éûª-®Ω’©°æôx íı®Ω´ ´’®√u-ü¿©’ v°æñ«-ÊÆ-´™ Ö†o-¢√-∞Î}-´-®Ω-®·Ø√ Å®Ωnç™ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫ç™ ûËú≈ ™‰ü¿’.
4. Scandal D. Impolite ü¿’®√s¥-≠æ-™«-ú≈úø’.
Q. Biodata, Resume èπ◊ ûËú≈ -à-N’-öÀ?
îª÷°æ-éπ-§Ú´úøç/ ¢Á÷ô’/ ¢Á·®Ωô’í¬ Cví¬s¥ç-A-éπ®Ω ü¿’¨¡a-®Ωu©ûÓ Ææç•çüµ¿ç
5. Dispute E. Brood v°æ´-JhçîË. Abuse X Praise/ Commend ™‰èπ◊çú≈ ñ«ví∫-ûªh-°æ-ú≈L.
Scandal X Honour/ Glory - GVSM Patnaik, Chinamerangi
F. Refined He was rude enough not to offer (¢Á’a-éÓ-´úøç)
even a seat to his visitor = Abuse èπ◊ Éçé¬ Å®√n-©’-Ø√o®·. A. Biodata Åçõ‰ äéπJ @Nûª N´-®√©’– ´·êuçí¬
G. Polished (=íı®Ω´ç/ ¢Áj¶µº´ç)
Spoken English ™ ÉC ûª®Ωîª÷ 5-C. Dispute = Quarrel.
KEY:
@N-ûªç™ ≤ƒCµç-*† N´-®√© ñ«Gû√. (Nü∆u-®Ω|-ûª-
1-E. Hatch = Brood = ÉçöÀ-éÌ-*a† ÅA-C∑E èπÿ®Óa-´’E èπÿú≈ N¢√ü¿ç.
îÁ°æp-†çûª ¢Á·®Ωô’ Åûªúø’. ¢√úøû√ç. N’í∫û√ Å®√n©’ ûª®√yA les- Border dispute = ÆæJ-£æ«ü¿’l N¢√ü¿ç. ©ûÓ) ´’†ç Job application ™ ûÁL-ߪ’-°æÍ®aN.
son ™. Resume (È®Vu-¢Á’ß˝’– Vu, size ™ ñ¸ ™«) =
(°æèπ~◊©’) í∫’úøx†’ §ÒCT í∫’úø’f †’ç* River waters dispute =
She told him rudely to get out = †D ©
°œ©x©’ •ßª’-öèπ◊ ´îËa™« îËߪ’-úøç. 4-B. Scandal = Dishonour= N¢√ü¿ç. ´’†ç ÖüÓu-í¬-EéÀ apply îËÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’, ´’†
All the eggs have been hatched=
à´÷vûªç ´’®√uü¿ ™‰èπ◊çú≈ Åûª-úÕE
•ßª’-ô-Èé-∞¡x-´’çC. Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ Cví¬s¥ç-ûª-°æ-®ΩîË îÁúø’ Nobody buys disputed property- application ™ ÉîËa ´’† Nü∆u-®Ω|-ûª©’, Éçûª-èπ◊-
ÅEo í∫’úøx†’ç* °œ©x©’ •ßª’öéÌ-î√a®·.
Rude X Refined (Ææç≤ƒ\®Ωçí∫©) v°æ´-®Ωh†, îÁúø’ ´u´-£æ…-®√©ûÓ N¢√-ü∆™x Ö†o ÇÆœhE á´®Ω÷ é̆®Ω’. ´·çü¿’/ É°æpöÀ´®Ωèπ◊ îËÆœ† ÖüÓu-í¬-© N´-®√©’.
The eggs are about to hatch = Ææç•çüµ¿ç = scam. Dispute X Agreement Biodata éπç-õ‰ Resume ™ áèπ◊\´ N´-®√-
3-A. Abuse = Offend =
í∫’úøx-™ç* (í∫’úø’x-°õ‰d à v§ƒù„jØ√) Lalu Prasad Yadav was involved G. Polished = good -
Ææç≤ƒ\®Ωçí∫©/ L≤ƒhç. Resume ™ v°æA N´®Ωç É≤ƒhç.
ü¿’®√s¥-≠æ-™«-úøôç/ ØÓöÀ-éÌ-*a-†ô’x AöÀd mannered.
°œ©x©’ •ßª’-ôèπ◊ ®√¶-ûª’-Ø√o®·, à Åíı-®Ω´°æ®Ω-îªúøç. in the fodder scandal = °æ¨¡Ÿ-´¤© Resume (American English) = Curriculum
éπ~ùç-™-ØÁjØ√. He is a polished young man = Vitae (CV) (British English)
The two cricketers abused each ¢Ë’ûª èπ◊綵º-éÓùç™ ™«©÷v°æ≤ƒü˛
To hatch (a plan) = àüÁjØ√ ®Ω£æ«Ææu manners Resume
other and it took some time for ߪ÷ü¿¢˛èπ◊ Ææç•çüµ¿ç Öçü¿ç-ö«®Ω’/ ´’ç* Ö†o ߪ·´-èπ◊úø’. èπ◊ ÉçéÓ Å®Ωnç– äéπJ v°æÆæçí∫ç, ¢√uÆæç,
É®Ω’-èπ◊\-Ø√oúø’ = (involved) (Refined synonym).
the umpire to calm them- etc ™E ´·ë«uç-¨»©’/ summary.
°æü∑¿-é¬Eo/ èπ◊vô†’ ®Ω÷§Òç-Cç-îªúøç. DEéÀ èπÿú≈

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm

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