The University of Jordan

Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Thermodynamics Lab Report
Expirement No.2

Instructor: Eng. Rebhi Al-Mashaleh
Students Names:
Fareed Shatara 2110302
Hanna Mansour 0128358
Ghassan Hjazi 0127296
Ahmad Abu Malloh 0127293
Omar Al Khateeb 0120533
Section: 2
Date: 16 / 03 /2014
Objectives:
To Investigate The Relationship Between The pressure And The Temperature For a Saturated Steam in
a Constant Volume Tank. And To verify the Clausius Claperon Equation.
Apparatus :

Gunt Marcet Boiler
Theory:

where :
T = Abs. Temp.
Vfg = Vg Vf
Hfg = hf hg
Results and Calculations:

Gauge Pressure
(bar) Absoulte Pressure
Steam Temp .
Increasing Pressure
Steam Decreasing
Pressure Mean Temp.
0 0.9 95 97.5 96.25
1 1.9 115.2 117.7 116.45
2 2.9 129.5 132 130.75
3 3.9 140 142.5 141.25
4 4.9 148.6 150.3 149.45
5 5.9 156.3 157.5 156.9
6 6.9 161.9 163.9 162.9
7 7.9 168.1 169.5 168.8
8 8.9 172.5 174.7 173.6
9 9.9 177.1 179.6 178.35
10 10.9 182.2 182.2 182.2
Table(1)
Graph & Plotting :





Graph Eqaution :
Using Matlab we Get This Equation
y = p1*x^2 + p2*x + p3
Coefficients:
p1 = -6.9843e-05
p2 = 0.16191
p3 = 86.397

Sample Of Calculations :
Theoretical dT/dP : -

The clausius-claperon equation was used for calculating the theoretical dT/dp :

= T . Vfg ( dT )
(dP )sat hfg





The calculations of the point of pressure equals 3.9 bar is briefly shown
here :

Table (2 ) :
Saturated Water and Steam Table
hfg Vg T (C ) P (bar)
2164 0.6057 133.5 3
hfg* Vg* T* 3.9
2134 0.4623 143.6 4

By interpolation we get :

o
C T* = 142.59
Vg* = 0.4766 m
3
/kg
hfg = 2137 kj / kg

Then apply clausius-claperon equation :


( dT ) = (142.59+273 ) . (0.4766)
(dP )sat 2137



( dT ) / (dP )sat = 0.09269 kelvin / kpa
Experimental dT/dP : -

The experimental dT/dP represents the slope of T-P diagram , where ( T
in kelvin , and P in kpa ), the slope was estimated by fitting the curve to
2
nd
degree polynomial , then differentiate the fitting function , these
procedure was done by matlab :

T(p) = p1 . (p
2
) + p2 . (p) + p3

dT = 2(p1) . p + p2
dP

dT =( 2) . ( - 6.9843 . 10
-5
). (390) + (0.16191)
dP

dT = 0.10743246
Dp

The error's : -
The error can be simply estimated by the following formula :


Error % = theoretical value - experimental value x 100%
Theoretical value






The calculations of the point of pressure equals 3.9 bar is briefly shown here :


Error % = 0.09269 - 0.10743246 x 100%
0.09269



Error = 15.9 %

Discussion and Conclusion :
Marcet boiler is the device which we use to study the relation in between pressure and
temperature for a water at saturated liquid phase. As we did in the laboratory, we started
heating water with constant pressure until it reached boiling point. Then, closing the valve
which created a constant volume system. Forcing the pressure to increase as the temperature
rises. And thus studying the direct relation between pressure and temperature for water at that
point.
We notice that it is essential to close the valve as we reach boiling point to make sure we are
now in a constant volume process, otherwise pressure would have never increased. Causing the
experiment to be useless.
We also notice that we closed the valve exactly when we reached boiling temperature (95 c at
0.9 bar pressure) and thus keeping water at saturated liquid phase.
After studying the results and plotting the diagram we find that the relation in between
pressure and temperature is directly proportional. The difference between the theoretical
values and the actual values is caused by errors with certain calculated acceptable percentages.