Plane Stress

Notes
10. September 2014
Def:
ZX
=
ZY
=
ZZ
= 0
Forces in the plane of plate: Stretching but not bending
Abbildung 1:
Boundary Condition:
On Z = h,
ZX
=
ZY
=
ZZ
= 0
now if h 0,
ZX
,
ZY
,
ZZ
are probably small inside the plate, h < Z < h//

XX
X
+

Y X
Y
+

ZX
X
= 0

XY
X
+

Y Y
Y
+

ZY
X
= 0

XZ
X
+

Y Z
Y
+

ZZ
X
= 0
In plane stress, stresses are functions of X,Y,Z But since equations are the same as for plane
strain, get
Y Y
=

2

X
2
,
XX
=

2

Y
2
,
XY
=

2

XY
,

(X, Y, Z)

XX
=
1
E
[
XX
(
Y Y
+
ZZ
)]

Y Y
=
1
E
[
Y Y
(
XY
+
ZZ
)]

XX
=
1
E
[
ZZ
(
XX
+
Y Y
)]

Y Z
=
ZX
= 0

XX
=
1
2

XY
E = 2(1 +)

=

1 +

XX
=
1 +
E
[
XX


1 +
(
XX
+Y Y )]
=
1
2
[
XX

(
XX
+Y Y )]

Y Y
=
1
2
[
Y Y

(
XX
+Y Y )]

ZZ
=

E
(
XX
+
Y Y
)
=

2
(
XX
+
Y Y
)

XY
=
1
2

XY
Same XY component from as in plane strain except

here vs there to convert from plane

strain to plane stress
1
,

1+
=

Can always do this in the solutions already known for 1 case or the other.
if E is involved, plane strain to plane stress


1+
and E
(1+2)E
(1+)
2
However, easier to convert E to rst.

XX
=
1
2
[

Y
2

2
1

Y Y
=
1
2
[

2

X
2

2
1

XX
=
1
2

XY
In plane strain 5 of 6 compatibility equations were satised. Indentically, in plane stress none
are satised indentically.

Y Y
Z
2
+

2

ZZ
Y
2
= 2

Y Z
Y Z
(1)

ZZ
X
2
+

2

XX
Z
2
= 2

ZX
ZX
(2)

XX
Y
2
+

2

Y Y
X
2
= 2

XY
XY
(3)

XX
Y Z
=

X
(

Y Y
X
+

ZY
Y
+

XY
Z
) (4)

Y Y
ZX
=

Y
(

ZX
Y
+

XY
Z
+

Y Z
X
) (5)

ZZ
XY
=

Z
(

XY
Z
+

Y Z
X
+

ZX
Y
) (6)
(7)
By suitable subtracting equations

2
Z
2
[

X
2

2
1

2
1

Y
2
= 0 (8)

2
Y
2
[

Z
2
+

2
1

] = (1

2
(
2
1

)
Z
2
(9)

2
X
2
[

Z
2
+

2
1

] = (1

2
(
2
1

)
Z
2
(10)

2
Y
2
[

Y
2

2
1

] +

2
X
2
[

X
2
+

2
1

] = 2

2

X
2
Y
2
(11)
(1

)
4
1

= 0(this is biharmonic equaiton) (12)

2
1

Z
2
= 0(since
4
1

= 0) (13)
The Laplacian of

is ar most linear in Z

2
Y Z
[

Y
2

2
1

] =

2
XZ
(

2

XY
(14)

2
1
XZ
= 0 (15)
(

X
,

Y
,

Z
)

2
1

Z
= 0
2

2
1

Z
= (constant)

2
1

= Z +Q(X, Y )
but
4
1

= 0 therefore,
2
1
Q = 0, i.e., Q is Harmonic.

2
1

XY
=

2
2

XY
Z
2
(16)

2
XY
[

Z
2
+

2
1

] = 0
Now from eqaution () we get

2
Y
2

Z
2
+

2
1

] = 0 (17)

2
X
2

Z
2
+

2
1

] = 0 (18)
(

2
X
2
,

2
Y
2
,

2
XY
)[

Z
2
+

2
1

] = 0

Z
2
+

2
1

= (linear in X and Y; arbitrary in = +Q(X, Y ))

Z
2
=

[Z +Q(X, Y )] +

Z
=

[
1
2
Z
2
+ZQ(X, Y )] +

dZ +Q
1
(X, Y )

[
1
6
Z
3
+
1
2
Z
2
Q(X, Y )] +

dZ +ZQ
1
+
o
(X, Y )

=
o
(X, Y )

2
Z
2
Q(X, Y )

= Q ](from before)

=
2
1

2
Z
2

2
1
Q

o
= Q

=
o
(X, Y )
1
2

Z
2

2
1

4
1

o
= 0 (since
2
1
Q = 0)
This is the result of compatibility eqs if
ZX
=
ZY
=
ZZ
Therefore, Stresses have a Z
2
dependence(unless
2
1

o
is linear in X and Y)
Therefore, in general, the components of stresses are quadratic functions of Z.
Now, same treatment of boundary tractions as in plane strain
On the edge of the plate sureface tractions are Z dependent. Now this poor. So apply a self
equation system to cancel these Z dependent forms. Therefore, plane stress will with actually if
plate is thin (wrt dimension in plane of plate) if stresses are not large at edge wrt Z dependent
3
Abbildung 2:
terms.
Discripancy will be at the edge of the plate in plane stress
Note: In plane strain,
Suppose have a solution to a problem in plane strain
= (X, Y, , )
Now dene

1
= (X, Y,

, )
Now set

o
=
1
+
1
6

h
2

2
1

1
(h is half of the thickness of plate)

2
1

o
=
2
1

1
(
4
1

1
= 0)

=
o

1
2

Z
2

2
1

o
=
1
+
1
6

h
2

2
1

1
2

Z
2

2
1

1
=
1
+
1
6

(h
2
3Z
2
)
2
1

satises compatibility eqs

Also,
h

h
(
1
6

(h
2
3Z
2
)
2
1

1
)dx = 0
1
2h
h

dx =
1
4