Assignment B 2015 ( Mathematical Modelling)

Introduction
Hyperboloid
Brief usage of calculus
The mechanism that controls water level (eg. water tank)
Methodology
pplication of integration to find volume
Time taken ! volume"rate
#sing chain rule
#sing differential e$uations (separation of variables)
pplication of differentiation to find the rate of change and e%treme
values.
#sing &%cel (optional) for graphical representation
'olve $uadratic e$uations or by trial and error or method of tabulation
'olving optimi(ation problems.
)esults
1a. 25
*
x - 16( )
*
+ y = 225

( )
*
*
**, -. +
*,
y
x
+
=
V =
-/
*
0
x dy

= ( )
-/
*
0
-.
+ -1 1-
*,
y y dy

+ +

=
= 968.2 m

!" 08.19# m

o" 08 1$#%&5
'ime =
+.1.-+2
-10
= 5.&9 h"s
= 5.8 h"s
() ssume h is the height of the water level at time t
V=
( )
*
0
**, -. +
( )
*,
h y
dy
+

= .
= ( )
3 -. 3111
+ +
2, *,
h h

+ +


) 0 * h * 1$
c) ( )
* -.
+ 3 +
*,
dV
h
dh


= +

+hen h = 9)
+
dV
dh
=
dh dh dV
dt dV dt
=
- *0
-10
+
dh
dt
= =
mete"s ,e" h"
2a) - = 20) n=1
( ) *0 -/
dV
y
dt
=
4or 05 y 5 ,6 -10 5
dt
dv
5 *10
4or , 7 y 5 -/6 0 5
dt
dv
5 -10
Before the height (water level) reaches , m level6 the rate is bigger than -10 m
3
per hour. But after , m6 the rate is smaller than -10 m
3
per hour. Hence it can
be anticipated that after the mechanism is installed6 the time taken to fill up the
container will be longe".
)easons8 without mechanism6 the rate is constant (-10m).
9ith mechanism6 the rate is decreasing.
:r
;raw graph of dv"dt against height (y). since dv"dt decrease and the volume of
the tank is constant6 therefore the time taken will be longer (time taken !
volume"rate)
:r
dt
dv
*10
-/ , 0
-10
y
ny reasonable reasons by students.
* a (ii)
dy dy dV
dt dV dt
=

=
( )
( )
*
-
*0 -/
-.
+ +
*,
y
y

+
=
( )
( )
*
,00 -/
**, -. +
y
y

+

.e,a"ating the /a"ia(les and integ"ate
( )
( )
( )
*
+
**, ,00
-.
-/ -/
y
dy dy t c
y y

+ = +




. . .
( )
*
,00
.*,ln -/ 1 ./
t
y y y c

+ = +
+hen t=0) 0=0 c = - 625ln1$
the"e1o"e
( )
*
-/ ,00
.*, ln 1 ./
-/
t
y y
y

+ =

t !
y ./ (
,00

1y
*
< .*, ln
y -/
-/
)
since 021$) then y -/6 t 21./1
time taken ! 21./1 hours.
2() -=15) n=
-
*
( )
-
*
-, -/
dV
y
dt
=

dy dV dy
dt dt dV
=
=
( )
( )
-
*
*
-
-, -/
-.
+ +
*,
y
y

+
=
( )
( )
-
*
*
32, -/
**, -. +
y
y

+

3et
dy
R
dt
=
R =
( )
( )
-
*
*
32, -/
**, -. +
y
y

+

4or ma% and min values6 =
Method 18 #sing &%cel6 plot graph dh"dt against height from 0 to -/ and
determine the min and ma% from the table.

Method 28 #sing tables of values of h and dh"dt6
It is minimum when the cross>section of the tank is widest
h dh"dt
0 0.*+3.
- 03//
-., 0.32,
= =
;o conclusion. Minimum when h!0
It is ma%imum when part of the tank is narrowest
h ;h"dt
1.3 -.**3
1./ -.**/
1., -.***
;o conclusion. Ma%imum when h!1./
Method 8 *
nd
derivative test as below8
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
-
*
*
*
*
-
**, -. + 32, -/ - 32, -/ 3* +
*
?**, -. + @
y y y y
dR
dy
y

+



=
+
4o" ma5 and min /al6es o1 7("ate o1 inc"ease o1 height o1 8ate" in
containe"))
0
dR
dy
=
'he"e1o"e
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
-
*
*
-
**, -. + 32, -/ - 32, -/ 3* +
*
y y y y


+



=0

.im,li10ing ) 8e get a 96ad"atic :;6ation


/1y
*
A --1/y < .,/3 ! 0
y ! -..3- (ignore) or y ! 1.3,+
ma%imum rate ! -.**/ when y ! 1.3,+ m
minimum rate ! 0 when y ! -/ m
Bonclusion.
9ithout the mechanism6 when the height is + m at the narrowest part of
the container6 the dh"dt is ma%imum.
9ith the mechanism8
a) To fill the tank6 time taken is =.(any value given by student) ..with
=.(reasonable reasons)
b) when the height is 1./ m6 the dh"dt is ma%imum.
Bertain mechanism can be applied to control the water flow.
;iscuss the suitability of the hyperboloid shape as a water tank(as
compared to real> life shape) .