Wave and Sound Quiz Review

I. Parts of a Wave

Use the diagrams shown below to answer questions 1through 6.


1. What part of a wave is shown at point F? crest
2. What part of a wave is shown at point H? trough
3. What part of a wave is shown by the distance indicated by G? amplitude
4. What part of a wave is shown by the distance indicated by J? wavelength






5. What part of a wave is shown by A? compression
6. What part of a wave is shown by B? rarefaction
7. What type of wave is shown in the top diagram? Transverse wave
8. What type of wave is shown in the bottom diagram? Longitudinal wave
9. How do you distinguish between a transverse and a longitudinal wave?
To distinguish between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave, you compare the movement of the medium to the movement of
the wave. If the wave is moving at a right angle, or perpendicular, to the medium, then it is a transverse wave. If the wave is moving
parallel to the medium, then it is a longitudinal wave.

Use the diagram below to answer questions 10 and 11.


10. What is the waves amplitude? Explain your answer.
The waves amplitude is 6cm, because that is the distance from the rest position to the crest or the rest position to the trough.
11. What is the waves wavelength? Explain your answer.
The waves wavelength is 20cm, because that is the distance from crest to crest, or from trough to trough.
III. Wave Calculations

For each problem, write the formula used to solve the problem and show your work to find the correct answer. Be sure to include
correct units with your answer.

Speed = Wavelength X Frequency Frequency = Number of Complete Waves / Time

12. If the speed of a wave is 16 m/s and the wavelength is 4m, what is the frequency of the wave?
Speed = Wavelength x Frequency 16m/s = 4m x Frequency 16/4 = 4Hz
A
B
13. A ripple tank is a shallow container of water used to demonstrate the properties of a wave. Giselle tossed a pebble into the tank
and counted the wave crests as they passed by a certain point. She counted 10 waves in 20 seconds. Calculate the frequency of the
wave in Hertz. Frequency = # of Complete Waves / Time Frequency = 10 waves / 20 seconds Frequency = 0.5Hz

14. A girl sitting on a beach counts 6 waves pass a buoy in 3 seconds. She measured the distance between the waves to be 1.5m.
What is the speed of the waves the girl observed? Frequency = # of Waves / Time Frequency = 6 waves / 3s = 2 Hz
Wave Speed = Wavelength x Frequency Wave Speed = 1.5m x 2Hz = 3m/s

IV. Interactions of Waves

15. When a person is fishing in a stream, a fish may appear smaller or in a different location than the fish really is. Many times a
person may try to net a fish, but the fish swims away because the person tried to net the fish in the incorrect spot. Why does the
fish appear in a different location than it actually is?

A. The light waves are reflected back as distorted images.
B. The light waves are bent when passing from air into the water.
C. The light waves amplitude changes when the rays travel between air and water.
D. The light waves cannot travel through water and reflect the image of the fish off the surface.

16. Compare and contrast refraction and diffraction of waves.
Both refraction and diffraction cause the bending of waves. Refraction causes a bending of waves when a wave enters a new
medium at an angle causing the sides of the wave to travel at different speeds. Diffraction causes a bending of waves around a
barrier or through an opening.
17. What are two types of interference? What is the difference between the two types?



Angle 1 = Angle of incidence Angle 2 = Angle of Reflection
18. Draw the diagram shown above and label the following items: incoming wave, reflected wave, angle of incidence, angle of
reflection, normal, and surface.

19. Suppose that a reflected light wave has an angle of reflection of 30. What is the angle of incidence and what is the angle
between the reflecting surface and the incoming wave? Explain.
The angle of incidence is 30 because according to the Law of Reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
The angle between the reflecting surface and the incoming wave is 60 because the normal forms a right angle (90) with the
surface, so if the angle of incidence is 30, then the angle between the surface and the incoming wave is 90 - 30, which equals 60.


20. Which wave shown in the diagram above has more energy? Explain. Wave B has more energy because it has a larger
amplitude.

V. Sound

21. Sound waves are ___________ waves.
A. Transverse B. ocean C. salt D. longitudinal

22. What causes a change in frequency of a wave as the source moves in relationship to its observer?
A. the wave speed B. the Doppler Effect C. the loudness D.the intensity

A. B.
Surface
Incoming Wave Reflected Wave
Normal
23. When a fire truck with sirens blasting is coming toward you, do you hear a higher or lower pitch sound? Explain. You hear a
higher pitch sound because due to the Doppler Effect, the sound waves created by the siren blasting reach you more frequently as
the source of the sound moves toward you, the receiver. Higher frequency sounds are heard as higher pitch sounds.

24. In a science fiction movie, a nearby spaceship explodes and you hear the explosion on your ship. Is this realistic? Why or why
not? It is not realistic that a nearby spaceship explodes and you hear the explosion because space is a vacuum a vast amount of
empty space. Because there is no medium in space, there is nothing for the sound wave to travel through, and no molecules to
compress and spread out.

25. Describe how ultrasonic waves and infrasonic waves differ from normal sound, and give an example of each.
Ultrasonic waves and infrasonic waves differ from normal sound because they are outside the frequency range of normal human
hearing. Ultrasonic waves are waves of frequency greater than 20,000Hz, which is above the average range of human hearing, and
infrasonic waves are waves of frequency lower than 20Hz, which is below the average range of human hearing. An example of
ultrasonic waves are the ultrasound machines used by doctors to see inside the human body, and an example of infrasonic waves
are the sound waves created by elephants for communication.