Also included Free are:

- Business plan tools, including spreadsheets and excellent instructions

- Excel functions glossary and guide;
- Free training courses for most Microsoft Office applications. hese guides are in !"F format and ri#al
commercial $oo%s.
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- and payroll analysis.
JaxWorks Small Business Spreadsheet Factory
'ince ())*, +ax,or%s has offered a suite of Free Excel -or%$oo%s and spreadsheets, and associated M' ,ord, !"F and .M/
documents, that co#er a num$er of financial, accounting and sales functions. hese are in#alua$le small $usiness tools.
- Altman 0-'core 1co#ering pu$licly and pri#ately held firms, and small $usinesses2;
3f you are in#ol#ed in financial analysis at any le#el, or -ant to learn more a$out M' Excel and other applications in the Office suite
this site is in#alua$le.
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4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
A SAMPLE BUSINESS PLAN
Your Business, Inc.
his template has all of the ingredients to produce an excellent $usiness plan.

Executive Summary
9ey executi#es:
Mr. +ames 9. :uadrant Mr. 3siah M. ;radient
)<= /a%eside "ri#e ((> Broughton 8oad
.amilton, ?e- @or% (>>7* .amilton, ?e- @or% (>>7*
1A(A2 AAA-A7>( 1>(A2 AAA-*=<(

Business: :uadrant 'ur#eying B ECuipment &ompany
*66 Madison "ri#e
.amilton, ?e- @or% (>>7*
1>(A2 AAA-7666

Business siDe: E><=,666 in $illings in latest fiscal year. :ualify under 'BA definition of a Fsmall $usiness.F

Form of o-nership: ' &orporation

/oan purpose:

Amount reCuested: E5A,666
A -ell--ritten $usiness plan is a crucial ingredient in preparing for $usiness success. ,ithout a sound $usiness plan, a firm
merely drifts along -ithout any real direction. @et, entrepreneurs, -ho tend to $e people of action, too often Gump right into a
$usiness #enture -ithout ta%ing time to prepare a -ritten plan outlining the essence of the $usiness.
@ou should $egin $y -riting do-n the ans-er to the #ery $asic Cuestion, F,hat $usiness am 3 inHF his may sound
elementary, $ut ans-ering this Cuestion -ith thought and consideration -ill help you focus on the maGor purpose of the
$usiness, -hich leads to esta$lishing goals and o$Gecti#es. 3n turn, these ser#e as aids in creating strategies, policies, and
procedures. E#ery small $usiness should ha#e policies concerning credit, customers, product lines, image, prices,
ad#ertising, and so on. 3t is important to plan in -riting; other-ise, the planning function either is ignored altogether or is
conducted too informally.
o purchase ( 0eiss total stage -ith data storage and transfer capa$ilities to impro#e the
Cuantity and the Cuality of the sur#eying Go$s performed for clients.
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
.
Mr. +ames 9. :uadrant
)<= /a%eside "ri#e
.amilton, ?e- @or% (>>7*
1>(A2 AAA-A7>(
.
,or% experience:
()<7-present
.
()<6-()<7
.
()*A-()<6
Education:
()*)-()<6
.
()*A-()*)
.
8eferences: Mr. Fran% Boland Mr. +eff Anderson
!resident, .i-ech 'ur#ey &o. !resident, 'ound 3n#estment &o.
roy, ?e- @or% (5(=6
1>(A2 AAA-(=)6 1>(A2 AAA->*<(
.
Ms. 'ally /e;rand
Account Executi#e
Merrill, /ynch, !ierce, Fenner, and 'mith
!ortland, Maine 67(((
156<2 AAA-(5(=

.
Personal Financial Statement
Assets Liabilities
&ash-'a#ings account E(5,666 ?otes paya$le E(6,666
&hec%ing account >,666 Mortgage 7(,666
'toc%s 55,666 Miscellaneous *,666
9eogh contri$utions >(,666 otal lia$ilities EA<,666
.ome )*,666 ?et -orth E(>A,666
Autos 56,666 otal lia$ilities
Miscellaneous assets =,666 B net -orth E()5,666
otal assets E()5,666

:uadrant 'ur#eying B Engineering &ompany, .amilton, ?e- @or%. Manager-!artner. &reated
$usiness and continues to acti#ely manage technical aspects of field operations. 'uper#ised
proGect managers of six field cre-s.
Boise-&ascade im$er &o., Freeport, Maine. 'ur#ey proGect manager. 'uper#ised field
acti#ities of a six-man sur#ey cre-. !lanned -ee%ly -or% schedules and monitored -or%
Cuality.
.i-ech 'ur#ey &o., Al$any, ?e- @or% echnician. !erformed #arious sur#eying tas%s as a
part-time mem$er of a field cre- -hile attending college. Earned =6I of college expenses.
8ensselaer !olytechnical 3nstitute, roy, ?e- @or% Master of 'cience in Engineering
Management. ;rades in top (6I of class, ;!8 of >.<J7.6.
8ensselaer !olytechnical 3nstitute, roy, ?e- @or% Bachelor of 'cience degree in &i#il
Engineering ;raduated -ith honors.
.amilton, ?e- @or%
(>>7*
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
.

Mr. lsiah M. ;radient
((> Broughton 8oad
.amilton, ?e- @or% (>>7*
1>(A2 AAA-*=<(
.
,or% experience:
()<*-!resent

()<(-()<A
()**-()<6

Education:
()<A-()<*

()**-()<6

8eferences: Mr. +ohn Molooney "r. Fred arget
Assistant Kice !resident !rofessor of Engineering
&on-Edison 8ensselaer !olytechnical 3nstitute
?e- @or%, ?e- @or% (66(7 roy, ?e- @or% (5(=(
15(52 AAA-55*= 1A(=2 AAA->()*

Mr. 'am .ough
&ertified !u$lic Accountant
&harlottes#ille, Kirginia 5556(
1=672 AAA->57(


Personal Financial Statement
Assets Liabilities
&ash-'a#ings account E*,666 ?otes paya$le E(7,666
&hec%ing account 7,666 Mortgage A),666
Mutual funds 5<,666 Miscellaneous *,666
'toc%s (=,666 E<),666
9eogh contri$utions 57,666 ?et -orth E(>=,666
.ome )7,666 otal lia$ilities
8eal estate (<,666 B net -orth E5(<,666
Autos (),666
Miscellaneous assets =,666
otal assets E5(<,666

:uadrant 'ur#eying B Engineering &o., .amilton, ?e- @or%. Managing partner. 'uper#ises
internal managerial operations, including financial, accounting, personnel, and planning
duties.
?e- @or% "epartment of .ealth B 'anitation, Al$any, ?e- @or%. "istrict Maintenance
Engineer. "esigned -ater and se-age proGects for cities. 'uper#ised staff of t-el#e.
.i-tech 'ur#ey &o., Al$any, ?e- @or% echnician. ,or%ed part-time as field cre- mem$er
performed #arious sur#eying duties.
Lni#ersity of Kirginia, &harlottes#ille, Kirginia. Master of Business Administration. ;!8 of
76J7.6.
&lemson Lni#ersity, &lemson, 'outh &arolina. Bachelor of 'cience degree, in &i#il
Engineering.
otal
lia$ilities
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.

!MPANY "IS#!$Y


IN%US#$Y #$EN%S AN% #"E S#A#E !F #"E A$#


&EY SUESS FA#!$S
he principals see the follo-ing factors playing a critical role in the success of the company:
!ro#iding ser#ices in a timely fashion.
Accuracy of -or%.
F;uaranteed satisfaction.F
!rofessional image.
&apa$le -or% force.

MA$&E# ANALYSIS

+ames 9. :uadrant created :uadrant 'ur#eying B Engineering &ompany in ()<7 as a part-
time $usiness #enture designed to ser#e the sur#eying needs of the local community. Mr.
:uadrant $egan part-time operation of the $usiness in ()<A, and Mr. ;radient Goined the firm
in ()<* to manage the internal operations of the $usiness, -hile Mr. :uadrantMs maGor
responsi$ilities remained in the area of sur#eying operations. he t-o principalsM s%ills,
a$ilities, and areas of concentration are complementary. Annual sales ha#e increased steadily
to a record high of E><=,666 in the latest fiscal year, and profits pea%ed at E7=,)*A.
"emand for sur#eying and engineering ser#ices should continue to clim$ during the next
decade for three important reasons. First, the rapid escalation of property #alues during the
()=6s has increased the need for these ser#ices $y se#eral customer groups. 'econd,
greater mo$ility among the general pu$lic has increased the num$er of land transfers. hird,
the trend of larger financial institutions to $uy and sell residential and commercial mortgages
translates into more -or% for sur#eyors, -ho must pro#ide closing plats sho-ing property
$oundaries, location of permanent fixtures, encroachments, and easements. here has $een
an extremely rapid gro-th in golf course communities in the last t-o years, -ith ne-
de#elopment announced to $egin in the next three years.
he de#elopment of Fstate of the artF eCuipment in the sur#eying industry has paralleled the
expansion in the ser#iceMs demand. he sur#eyorMs tools ha#e undergone a maGor
transformation in the last ten years; they are more sophisticated, more accurate, and more
refined than e#er $efore. echnological ad#ances ha#e manifested themsel#es in t-o
important forms: 1(2 the de#elopment of speedy, accurate computational eCuipment 1e.g.,
microcomputers, programma$le calculators, etc.2 that allo-s the sur#eyor to perform complex
calculations on field data, and 152 the introduction of electronic distance meters 1E"Ms2, -hich
yield more accurate sur#ey measurements faster and facilitate data processing.
:uadrant has $een extremely successful in car#ing out a specialty niche for itself as -ell as in
meeting the sur#eying needs of the general pu$lic. he company has earned a reputation as
the expert in sur#eying and planning golf courses. After completing -or% on t-o local courses,
:uadrant o$tained a contract on a large, FupscaleF golf course (5A miles -est of .amilton.
he -or% is progressing on schedule and -ill $e finished on time and -ithin $udget.
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.

#A$'E# MA$&E#


!MPE#I#!$ ANALYSIS


PLAN !F !PE$A#I!N


&EY PE$S!NNEL


FINANIAL %A#A
he follo-ing audited financial statements summariDe :uadrantMs latest operations:

he principals of :uadrant ha#e identified their primary target mar%et 1in descending order of
importance2 as: 1(2 golf courses; 152 realtors; 1>2 attorneys; 172 pri#ate lando-ners. he firmMs
mar%eting strategy is designed to attain the return customer $y pro#iding Cuality sur#eying and
engineering ser#ice -ith prompt turnaround. he firm has $uilt its reputation $y focusing on
Cuality, and its pricing policy reflects this professional image. ;eneral strategy is to tailor
pricing to the Fcream of the crop.F
:uadrant 'ur#eying B Engineering &ompany faces no direct competition in its hometo-n,
.amilton, ?e- @or%, $ut there are three primary competitors conducting similar operations in
to-ns -ithin a fifty-mile diameter of .amilton.
Geodetic Survey, Inc. A small corporation 1three principals2 -hose primary focus is sur#eying
large land tracts for tim$er companies. 'er#es 5=I of local mar%ets.
Photogrammetry Engineers, Ltd. A small partnership that performs all types of sur#eying Go$s
and specialiDes in sur#eying $y aerial photography. &ontrols 55I of local mar%et.
Land Surveyors, Inc. A relati#ely ne-, aggressi#e company that also performs all types of
sur#eying Go$s and specialiDes in sur#eying for local architectural firms, &ontrols (=I of the
local mar%et.
:uadrant employs the ' &orporation form of o-nership primarily for tax reasons. he
organiDational chart is attached on a separate form.
3n addition to the principals, -hose experience and net-or% of contacts is crucial to the
companyMs success, t-o long-term field managers play maGor roles in the firm. As :uadrant
gro-s o#er the next year, another field manager -ill $e hired,
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
(ua)rant Surveyin* an) En*ineerin* om+any
Balance S,eet
Assets Liabilities
&urrent assets:
&ash EA,666 E5,A66
Accounts recei#a$le 7,<66
otal current assets E),<66 /ong term lia$ilities:
Fixed assets: ?otes !aya$le ((,A66
56 #ehicles 76,A66 Mortgages On real
> computers >6,666 property 7>,666
* sets E"M eCuipment 7=,666 otal /- lia$ilities EA<,666
7 transits *,666 otal lia$ilities A<,666
7 le#els 7,=66 O-nerNs eCuity (5<,A66
Misc. field eCuipment 56,666 otal lia$ilities B
Office fixtures B eCuip. (=,666 O-nersM eCuity E(=7,A66
leasehold impro#ements <,A66
otal fixed assets E(<7,=66
otal assets E(=7,A66

&urrent
lia$ilities:
Accounts
paya$le
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
Income Statement

?et sales E><=,666
!+eratin* ex+enses-
/a$or expense E5(),=66
;as expense 5),))>
elephone expense *,5<6
ECuipment repair expense A,*66
3nsuranceM expense ),65A
8ent expense A,766
"epreciation expense ),566
license expense (,A66
!ayroll taxes ((,6A6
Office supplies expense <,566
Field supplies expense (6,)66
Miscellaneous expenses 7,<66
#otal o+eratin* ex+enses E>56,*>=
?et operating profit A<,>*5
3ncome taxes =,>)<
?et profit E7=,)*A

:uadrant 'ur#eying B Engineering &ompany
Brea%-E#en Analysis

total fixed expenses
Brea%-e#en sales O


otal expenses E>56,*>=
Fixed ==,(55
Karia$le 576,)(>

576,)(>
#aria$le expenses as a I of sales O
><=,666

O *>.<>I

==,(55
Brea%-e#en salesO
(.66 - 6.6*><>

Brea%-e#en salesO E575,)=A


(.66 - #aria$le expenses
expressed as
percentage of sales
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.

Pro.ecte) as, Bu)*et

as, $ecei+ts /an Feb Mar A+r May /une
'A/E' &O//E&3O?': 56,666 5A,666 5=,666 >>,666 7<,666 A7,666
56I same month A,*66 *,*66 ),766 (6,=66
*6I first month after sale (A,666 (*,=66 (),=66 5=,566
(=I second month after sale >,*66 7,A66 A,676 A,)76
Other cash receipts
5A6 A6 >=6 (*6
OA/ &A'. 8E&E3!' 57,7A6 5<,)A6 >7,*56 7A,(66
&A'. "3'BL8'EME?':
,ages (A,*=6 (=,7=6 5*,>56 >6,576
axes
!ayroll A>5 *5= )=< (,6((
!roperty 6 6 766 6
ransportation <)6 =76 (,>=6 (,A5A
8epairs B maintenance ><A 7A6 A<A *5A
Field supplies *A6 =66 (,6A6 (,576
8ent A66 A66 A66 A66
Ltilities (66 ((6 (>6 (76
elephone 1including yello- 7A6 A<A =66 )A6
Entertainment 566 566 566 566
3nsurance
Malpractice 6 ),666 6 6
enantMs 6 6 (,A66 6
Auto 6 6 6 A66
/icenses 6 6 6 (A66
Miscellaneous 5(6 >76 75A 7)6
OA/ &A'. "3'BL8'EME?' (),7=< >(,)5> >7,5*< >=,)5(

E?" OF MO?. BA/A?&E
Beginning cash $alance A,666 ),)*> A,))6 *,>7>
P cash receipts 57,7A6 5<,)A6 >7,*56 7A,(66
- cash dis$ursements (),7=< >(,)5> >7,5*< >=,)5(

&A'. E?" OF .E MO?. ),)*> A,))6 *,>7> (5,A55
18E!A@ME?2 6 6 6 6
or
1BO88O,3?;2 6 6 6 6

&A'. E?" OF .E MO?. E),)*> EA,))6 E*,>7> E(5,A55
Minimum as, Balance 0 12,333

4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
Pro Forma Income Statement
?et sales E7=6,666
!+eratin* ex+enses-
/a$or expense E5<5,666
;as expense >6,>6A
elephone expense (6,*A6
ECuipment repair expense *,A66
3nsurance expense ((,666
8ent expense *,666
"epreciation expense (6,666
/icense expense (,A66
!ayroll expense (5,<A6
Office supplies expense <,766
Field supplies expense ((,566
Miscellaneous expenses A,(66
#otal o+eratin* ex+enses 1456,632
?et operating profit )A,A)A
3ncome taxes (>,))A
Net +ro7it 158,933


S#$A#E'I A#I!N PLAN
'oals, !b.ectives, an) Strate*ies
he o#erall mission of :uadrant is more clearly defined $y dissecting it into the follo-ing o$Gecti#es:
o $oost annual sales to E7=6,666.
o increase mar%et share from >( percent to >* percent of the local mar%et.
o o$tain a contract for another golf course.
o impro#e profit margin from (> percent to (< percent.
he principals of :uadrant recogniDe the importance of Cuality management in successfully meeting their competition. o
focus the firmMs acti#ities, the principals define its mission: Fo meet the spectrum of sur#eying and engineering needs of
pri#ate lando-ners, large tract o-ners, financial institutions, attorneys, realtors, and tim$er companies -ith high-Cuality
ser#ice, rapid turnaround, and unparalleled professionalism, at a profit.F
o increase $y (6I the num$er of engineering Go$s performed for local to-ns and districts 1e.g., -ater and
se-age systems design2.
o o$tain these o$Gecti#es, :uadrant -ill employ a $usiness strategy designed to exploit the four %ey factors for success in
the sur#eying $usiness-to maintain: 1(2 a prompt turnaround time on Go$s; 152 a professional image -ith the clientele; 1>2 a
continuous relationship -ith Freturn customersF; and 172 a healthy customer mix to ensure a steady flo- of -or%. he
follo-ing %ey points illustrate this strategy:
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
o utiliDe eCuipment offering the latest technological ad#ances.
o train employees in implementing ad#anced sur#ey techniCues into their -or%.
o pro#ide the opportunity for clients to consult -ith proGect managers 1or principals, if desired2 on all proGects.
o %eep the customer informed of the Go$Ms progress on a timely $asis.
o Fcrac% the engineering mar%etF $y o$taining small Go$s -ith cities, districts, and su$di#isions.
o increase the num$er of go#ernment contracts $id on.
o acCuire and to de#elop Fregional accountsF-clients -ith large land holdings 1e.g., large tim$er companies2.
Amount reCuested: E5A,666 1see attached #endorMs estimate2
erms: One year and no prepayment penalty.
&ollateral: !ersonal guarantees of principalsM title to 0eiss total station.
8educe the num$er of field personnel $y one-third.
8educe office personnel $y the immediate transferring field data to the home office #ia telephone.
MinimiDe the num$er of return trips to the Go$ site, a significant cost of doing $usiness.
3mpro#e producti#ity $y performing more Go$s in less time.
3mpro#e the firmMs professional image -ith its clientele $y employing the latest, most ad#anced eCuipment.
O$tain golf course that reCuires a le#el accuracy attaina$le only -ith E"M de#ices.
loan purpose: o purchase a 0eiss total station -ith data storage and transfer capa$ilities that -ill facilitate ta%ing angular
and distance measurements in the field and performing sur#ey computations.
Interest rate- !rime
8epayment: :uadrantMs a$ility to repay is illustrated on the accompanying proforma financial statements. he cash $udget
proGected for the upcoming year sho-s the company -ill $e a$le to repay the loan -ithin one year. Benefits accruing from
the purchase of this E"M eCuipment include the a$ility to:
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4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.
!resident, 'ound 3n#estment &o.
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Pro.ecte) as, Bu)*et

/uly Au*
A=,666 AA,666
((,*66 ((,666
>5,766 >7,=66
=5*6 ),<56
766 (66
A5,**6 AA,*56
>5,7=6 >(,(7<

(,><A (,(*>
6 6
(,<=6 (,*7A
<66 *<A
(,A66 (,><A
A66 A66
(A6 (76
(,6<A ))6
566 566

6 6
6 6
6 6
6 6
A(6 A66
76,5<6 >=,>>A


(5,A55 5A,((5
A5,**6 AA,*56
76,5<6 >=,>>A

57,)(5 75,>)<
6 6

6 6

E57,)(5 E75,>)<


4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.

4 &opyright, 56(6, +ax,or%s, All 8ights 8eser#ed.