Equivalent Mass of an Acid

Name: Raphael Sevilla TA: Mayurbhai Patel

Partner: Christopher Rios-Ruiz Date Submitted: October 6, 2014

Objective: to standardize a solution of sodium hydroxide using hydrochloric acid and to
determine the equivalent mass of an unknown acid compound and to determine the percentage of
aspirin in a commercial aspirin tablet.

Procedure: 2 100 mL beakers, 2 25 mL burets, and 2 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks were obtained
from the side bench. Lab groups were split as one person was to standardize the sodium
hydroxide solution and the other to perform a titration with an unknown acid. 75 mL of standard
HCL solution were obtained and 125 mL of NaOH solution were obtained. One buret was filled
with the HCI solution and the other was filled with the NaOH solution. 15 mL of the HCL
solution were delivered into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and 2 drops of phenolphthalein solution
were added. The initial and final volume readings of the NaOH buret were recorded. The
titration was carried out a second time and the initial and final volume readings were recorded. In
Part 2, one sample of 200 mg of the unknown acid A was weighed on an analytical balance. The
sample was placed into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. 12 mL of deionized water was added. The
flask was stirred with a glass rod to help the acid dissolve. Two drops of phenolphthalein were
added. The solution was titrated with the standardized hydroxide solution. The volume of sodium
hydroxide solution was recorded to generate the light pink end point. In Part 3, an aspirin tablet
was obtained from the side bench and was weighed on an analytical balance. The tablet was
placed into a 250 mL flask filled with 100 mL of deionized water. The tablet with the 100 mL of
deionized water was titrated until the color persisted.
Table:
Part 1: Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Molarity of HCL (aq) = .1M
Item
Trial
1
Trial
2
Initial Volume of HCL (aq) buret (mL) 25 mL
25
mL
Final Volume of HCL (aq) buret (mL) 11 mL
13
mL
Volume of HCL delivered (mL) 14 mL
12
mL
Initial Volume of NaOH buret (mL) 25 mL
25
mL
Final Volume of NaOh buret (mL) 10 mL
10
mL
Volume of NaOH delivered (mL) 15 mL
15
mL



Part 2: Equivalent Mass of an Unknown Acid
Item Trial 1
Mass of unknown acid (g) .2 g
Initial volume of NaOH buret (mL) 26 mL
Final Volume of NaOH buret (mL) 44 mL
Volume of NaOH delivered (mL) 18 mL

Part 3: Mass of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Aspirin
Molar mass of acetylsalicylic acid: 180.15g
Item Trial 1
Mass of aspirin tablet (g) .3893 g
Initial volume of NaOH buret (mL) 0 mL
Final volume of NaOH buret (mL)
19.5
mL
Volume of NaOH delivered (mL)
19.5
mL

Part 1: Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Item Trial 1 Trial 2
Concentration of HCL (aq) .1M .1M
Volume of HCL delivered (mL) 14 mL 12 mL
Moles of HCL used (mol) (1) .0014 mol
.0012
mol
Moles of NaOH used (mol) .0014 mol
.0012
mol
Volume of NaOH delivered (mL) 15 mL 15 mL
Concentration of NaOH (aq) (M) .093M .08 M
Average concentration of NaOH (aq) (2) .0865 M
Part 2: Equivalent Mass of an Unknown Acid
Item
Concentration of NaOH (aq) (M) (from part 1) .93 M
Mass of unknown acid (g) .2 g
Volume of NaOH delivered (mL) 18 mL
Moles of NaOH (mol) (3) .01674 M
Moles of acid used (mol) .01674 M
Equivalent mass of acid (g/equivalent) (4) 59.736 g
Average equivalent mass of acid: (5) 59.736 g
Part 3: Mass of Acetylsalicylic Acid in an Aspirin
Tablet
Item
Concentration of NaOH (aq) (M) (from part 1) .093 M
Mass of aspirin tablet (g) .3893 g
Label claim mass of aspirin in tablet (g) 325 mg
Volume of NaOH (aq) delivered (mL) 19.5 mL
Moles of NaOH used (mol) (6) .0018135
mol
Moles of aspirin used (mol)
.0018135
mol
Mass of aspirin used (g) (7) .324 mg
Mass percent of aspirin in the tablet (%) (8) 99%
Percent label claim of aspirin in tablet (%)
Calculation:
Moles of HCL used (mol): (1) = (.1 M HCL)* ( .014 mL HCL) = .0014 mol , (.1 M HCL)*
(.012 mL) = .0012 mol
Average concentration of NaOH (aq) (2): (.093 M + .08M) / number of trials n =2 = .0865
M
Moles of NaOH (mol) (3): (.093M * .015 L) = .0014 mol, (.08 M * .015 mL) = .0012 mol
Equivalent mass of acid (g/equivalent) (4): .2 / .01674M = 11.9474313g * 5 = 59.736
4. The molecular formula of this acid is C2H4O2 because the average equivalent mass is around
60 grams, and if the ratio of C:H:O is 1:2:1 then multiply the total molar mass by 2 which is 60.
Average equivalent mass of acid: (5): 11.9474313g
Moles of NaOH used (mol) (6): .093 * .0195 L = .0018135 mol
Mass of aspirin used (g) (7): (.0018135 mol) (180 g) = .324 g
Mass percent of aspirin in the tablet (%) (8) .324 g / .325 g = 99%
Pooled Data:
Part 1: Concentration of the Standardized Sodium Hydroxide Solution
(M)
0.111M
0.093 M
0.108 M
0.107 M
0.109 M
0. 101 M
0.0612 M

Average: .0986 M
Standard deviation:
.017M
Part 2: Equivalent Mass of an Unknown Acid
0.00137
0.00151
0.0007
0.00192
0.002
0.00224
0.00177


Average: .001644
Standard deviation: .0005
Average: .001644




Discussion: In part 1, the concentration acquired of the standardized sodium hydroxide solution
was .107 M. The average molarity is equal to .0986 M and it was within 1 standard deviation of
the data. In part 2, the equivalent mass of an unknown acid was equal to .00192 g, it was within 1
standard deviation of the average which means that it was precise towards the predicted result.

Observation: In part 1, a pink color was expected for the standardization of Sodium Hydroxide
and Hydrochloric acid. For part 2, the unknown acid which was placed into the solution was not
able to be fully dissolved, as a result, the pink state would disappear and continuously had to be
stirred. The sample was not able to be fully dissolved, therefore, due to time constraints, part 2
ended. In part 3, the tablet similarly was not able to be dissolved because the tablet would be
ineffective to the user if it dissolved that quickly and using the entire effect of aspirin.

Conclusion: The sodium hydroxide solution was standardized using the hydrochloric acid. The
equivalent mass was found through a titration however, the pink color was not able to subside,
the percentage of aspirin in a commercial aspirin tablet was found to be 99%.