Chemistry Form 5: Chapter 4 - Exothermic and Endothermic Reaction

Chemical energy is needed to transform a chemical substance into a new product through
chemical reaction. Therefore, breaking or formation of chemical bond involves energy,
which may be either absorbed or released from a chemical reaction.

To break the chemical bond, energy from surrounding is absorbed resulting
decrease of temperature of surrounding.

To form the chemical bond, energy from reaction is released to the surrounding
resulting increase of temperature of surrounding.






































Applications of Exothermic and Endothermic Reaction in Everyday Life
Hot pack
Contains of anhydrous calcium chloride / anhydrous magnesium sulphate / wet iron powder and
sodium chloride / calcium oxide.
Uses: reduce swelling and mucles or joint sprain.
Cold pack or Ice pack
Contains of ammonium nitrate / potassium nitrate / sodium thiosulphate.
Uses: reduce swelling, muscles or joint sprain and reduce fever.

Exothermic Reaction Endothermic Reaction
Chemical reaction that
gives out heat to the
surroundings.
Chemical reaction that
absorbs heat from the surroundings.
Temperature of the
surroundings increases.
Temperature of the
surroundings decreases.

The total energy of
reactants is more than total the
energy of products.
The total energy of reactants
is less than the total energy of
products.
Bond formation releases
more energy than is required in
the bond breaking.
Bond breaking requires more
energy than the energy that is
released during bond formation

Examples:
Combustion of fuel, burning of
metal, neutralization, respiration,
rusting of iron, reaction of a
reactive metal with acid, reaction
of alkaline metals with water,
Haber process, freezing,
condensation, dissolving alkali or
concentrated acid in water,
dissolving anhydrous salts in
water.
Examples:
Thermal decomposition of nitrate or
carbonate salts, reaction of acid with
hydrogen carbonate, photosynthesis,
melting, boiling, sublimation,
dissolving ammonium or potassium
salts in water, heating of hydrated
salt.



@.@.@.@.@.@ Made by MUHAMMAD HAMIDY
@.@.@.@.@.@

Group members:-
~ Muhammad Hamidy ( Group Leader)
~ Sarah Chey
~ Amanda Yap
~ Glenna Tan
~ Heu Tung
~ Marcus Wong




~.~.~.~.~ Born to Conquer ~.~.~.~.~