RURAL ELECTRIFICATION CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY - Specification
Part 6: WOOD POLES, CROSS-ARMS AND SPACER BLOCKS
This draft standard is for public review only.
It must not be used or referred to as a Zambian Standard.
ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS
DZS 746-6: 2010 ICS 29.060.20; 29.240.20
DZS 746-6: 2010 i DATE OF PUBLICATION
This Zambian Standard has been published under the authority of the Standards Council of the Zambia Bureau of Standards on .
ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS
The Zambia Bureau of Standards is the Statutory National Standards Body for Zambia established under an Act of Parliament, the Standards Act, Cap 416 of 1994 of the Laws of Zambia for the preparation and promulgation of Zambian Standards.
REVISION OF ZAMBIAN STANDARDS
Zambian Standards are revised, when necessary, by the issue of either amendments or of revised editions. It is important that users of Zambian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or editions.
CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS
A Zambian standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of Zambian standards are responsible for their correct application.
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE
This Zambian Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Rural Electrification upon which the following organisations were represented:
Copperbelt Energy Corporation Plc Energy Regulation Board Engineering Institution of Zambia Lunsemfwa Hydropower Company Ministry of Energy and Water Development- Department of Energy Rural Electrification Authority Zambia Bureau of Standards Zesco Limited
ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS, P.O. BOX 50259, ZA 15101 RIDGEWAY, ZAMBIA DZS 746-6: 2010 ii
Contents FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................... iii 1 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................... 1 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES ................................................................................... 1 3 DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................. 2 3.1 Definitions............................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................... 2 4 REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 2 4.1 Species of timber..................................................................................................... 2 4.2 Physical dimensions ................................................................................................ 3 4.3 Care of felled timber ............................................................................................... 5 4.4 Drying of poles and cross-arms .............................................................................. 5 4.5 Preparation of poles for treatment ........................................................................... 6 4.6 Handling, transportation and storage of treated poles ............................................ 7 4.7 Treatment of poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks .................................................. 7 4.8 Labelling of poles ................................................................................................... 7 4.9 Non-conforming material ........................................................................................ 9 4.10 Quality requirements ............................................................................................... 9 5 Tests ........................................................................................................................... 10 5.1 General .................................................................................................................. 10 5.2 Type tests .............................................................................................................. 11 5.3 Routine tests .......................................................................................................... 11 5.4 Test equipment and accuracy of measurement ..................................................... 11 Annex A ............................................................................................................................ 14 Annex B ............................................................................................................................ 16 Annex C ............................................................................................................................ 19 Annex D ............................................................................................................................ 20 ANNEX E ......................................................................................................................... 20 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................... 27
DZS 746-6: 2010 iii FOREWORD
The Zambia Bureau of Standards (ZABS) is the Statutory Organization established by an Act of Parliament. ZABS is responsible for the preparation of national standards through its various Technical committees composed of representation from government departments, the industry, academia, regulators, consumer associations and non- governmental organisations.
This National standard has been prepared in accordance with the procedures of the ZABS. All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication as standards are revised from time to time.
No liability shall attach to ZABS or its Director, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its Technical Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (Including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon this ZABS publication or any other ZABS publication.
Compliance with a Zambian standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
DZS 746-6 was prepared by the Technical Committee on Rural Electrification.
The following documents were used in the development of this Zambian Standard:
PIESA 002-1: Outdoor Distribution Cut-outs- Dropout Fuse Link Assemblies or solid-link assemblies Pole-mounted types
PIESA 002-2: Outdoor Distribution Cut-outs- Expulsion Links
PIESA 003-1: Low Voltage (600/1000) Cables Systems for underground electric distribution- Cables
PIESA 003-2: Low Voltage (600/1000) Cables Systems for underground electric distribution- Cables Accessories
PIESA 003-3: Low Voltage (600/1000) Cables Systems for underground electric distribution- Code of Practice
PIESA 1001: Wood Poles and Cross Arms
PIESA Common Base Detail for all ED New Installations
DZS 746 Consists of the following parts, under the general title Rural Electrification Construction and Safety:
Part 1: Outdoor Distribution Cut-outs- Dropout Fuse Link Assemblies or solid-link assemblies Pole- mounted types Part 2: Outdoor Distribution Cut-outs- Expulsion Links Part 3: Low Voltage (600/1000) Cables Systems for underground electric distribution- Cables Part 4: Low Voltage (600/1000) Cable Systems for underground electric distribution - Cable Accessories Part 5: Low Voltage (600/1000) Cable Systems for underground electric distribution Code of Practice Part 6: Wood Poles and Cross Arms Part 7: Common Base Detail for all ED New Installations
DZS 746-6: 2010 iv
COMPLIANCE WITH A ZAMBIAN STANDARD DOES NOT OF ITSELF CONFER IMMUNITY FROM LEGAL OBLIGATIONS
DZS 746-6: 2010 1 ZAMBIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS
DRAFT ZAMBIAN STANDARD
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY - Specification
Part 6: WOOD POLES, CROSS-ARMS AND SPACER BLOCKS _____________________________________________________________
1 SCOPE
This specification sets out the requirements for all wood poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks for electric power applications.
2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of DZS 746. All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements based on this part of DZS 746 are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the Zambia Bureau of Standards.
SAZS 120: 1993, Wooden poles and cross-arms for electric power and telephone lines
SANS 753:1994, Pine poles, cross-arms and spacers for power distribution telephone systems and street lighting.
SANS 754:1994, Eucalyptus poles, cross-arms and spacers for power distribution and telephone systems
SANS 5967: 1997, Retention of preservative in timber (volume method)
SANS 5983: 1984, Preparation of test specimens for moisture content determination in timber and timber products.
SANS 5984: 1984, Moisture content of timber and timber products (oven dry method)
SANS 5985: 1980, Moisture content of timber (extraction method)
SANS 5986: 1980, Moisture content of timber (electric moisture-meter method)
SANS 6061: 1984, CCA salts equivalent mass concentration of aqueous solutions that contain mixtures of copper-chromium-arsenic compounds used for timber preservation.
DZS 746-6: 2010 2 3 DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this specification, the following definitions shall apply: 3.1.1 cross-arm: a pole that is used in a horizontal or near- horizontal position in a structure for the support of power distribution lines, but that is not intended to be used in contact with the ground 3.1.2 rated fibre stress: stress in the wood from the applied load just before breaking 3.1.3 spacer block: a piece of timber that is used as a spacer between poles and cross-arms in five-pole structures but that is not intended to be used in contact with the ground 3.1.4 treated/treatment: impregnated/impregnation with an acceptable preservative
3.2 Abbreviations 3.2.1 MOE: Modulus of elasticity
3.2.2 PAR: Planed all round
4 REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Species of timber
All wooden poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks shall generally be of the types listed in tables 1 and 2. Trees of the same species grown in different climatic regions may exhibit different properties such as preservative penetration, exfoliation and strength. The species listed in tables 1 and 2 and any other species shall be confirmed by compliance with type tests done by a testing body approved by the utility concerned and shall be stated in schedule B. The region where the wood is sourced shall also be stated in schedule B.
1) Classified as able to withstand a maximum fibre stress (in bending) of 75 MPa based on the specified minimum top diameter of the pole or cross-arm and on a taper of 5 mm per metre of length.
NOTE
Pine poles are more susceptible to pole twist in dryer areas than eucalyptus. To overcome pole twist the following is suggested:
i. Poles be purchased and stored in the area where they will be used for nine months before they are installed. ii. Alternatively the pine poles purchased be kiln dried to 17% moisture content before being treated.
4.2 Physical dimensions
4.2.1 Pole length and minimum top diameter The pole length and top diameter thickness shall be in accordance with table 3 and shall be stated in schedule B. The minimum diameter at theoretical ground line is given in Table E.1 for pine poles, and Table F.1 for eucalyptus poles.
Table 3 Pole length and top diameter thickness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pole length(m)
Min. top diameter (mm) not less than
Range 1 Range 2 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
7 8 8,1 9 9,3 x 10 10,5 x x 11 11,0 x 12 12,6 13 13,5 x 14 - 15 - x x(150) x(175) 16 16,5
DZS 746-6: 2010 4
NOTE: Range 1: Poles complying with SANS 753 and SANS 754 Range 2: Poles complying with SAZS 120 Both ranges; : Range 1 only; x: Range 2 only Example: A pole with a top diameter within the range 120 mm to 139 mm complies with the requirements of minimum top diameter not less than 120 mm. 4.2.2 Cross-arm length and top diameter The cross-arm length and top diameter thickness shall be in accordance with table 4 and shall be stated in schedule B.
Table 4 Cross-arm length and top diameter thickness
NOTE: Range 1 : Poles complying with SANS 753 and SANS 754 Range 2: Poles complying with SAZS 120 : Both ranges; : Range 1 only; x: Range 2 only 4.2.3 Rectangular cross-arms The cross-arm length and cross-section area shall be in accordance with table 5 and shall be stated in schedule B. Table 5 Rectangular cross-arm lengths and cross section areas Cross-arm length (m) for Range 3
Cross-section area (mm) 1.75 80 x 80 2.36 100 x 100 2.60 130 x 100
NOTE 1 Range 3: Planed (PAR) hardwood cross-arms NOTE 2 This table does not preclude other species which have the necessary strength.
4.2.4 Taper and straightness Poles shall comply with the requirements of SANS 753, SANS 754 or SAZS 120. 4.2.5 Spacer blocks Spacer blocks shall be 400 mm long and have a top diameter of 140 mm.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cross-arm length (m) Min. top diameter (mm) Range 1 Range 2 80 100 120 140 160 180
DZS 746-6: 2010 5 4.2.6 Strength When tested in accordance with annex E and annex F, each pole and cross-arm shall be capable of withstanding, without showing any signs of failure, a force. This force shall correspond to a minimum fibre stress (in bending) of 55 MPa.
NOTE 1: The calculated minimum fibre stress of 55 MPa is based on the minimum top diameter.
NOTE 2: Species need not be strength tested.
4.3 Care of felled timber
4.3.1 Eucalyptus trees to be used for poles shall be de-barked immediately after felling. Bark shall be removed completely and no strands of inner bark shall be left on the stem. 4.3.2 Poles with incisions made by axes, de-barking and other cutting tools, that are deeper than 15 mm and longer than 50 mm shall be rejected. For poles where there are incisions smaller than those specified, the creosote penetration in the incision shall be within the requirements of this specification. 4.3.3 Poles with occluded bark within 2 m of the butt and at other points where it is likely to impair impregnation, shall be rejected. 4.3.4 Poles should be stacked within three months of felling, unless otherwise as specified in schedule A. 4.3.5 Poles to be kiln dried shall not lie in air drying stacks for longer than three months before being kiln dried. 4.4 Drying of poles and cross-arms 4.4.1 General All poles longer than 7 m, stub poles and cross-arms shall be kiln dried or boultonised. Poles that are 7 m and shorter may be either kiln dried or air-dried. 4.4.2 Kiln drying All kilns shall be designed with a drying schedule. The drying schedules shall be available for auditing. Before poles are released from the kiln, the moisture content of eight sample poles per trolley shall be measured to verify that it is correct. The sheet on which the moisture content of the kiln-dried sample poles is recorded shall form part of the charge sheets. Records of all kiln dried poles, their batch numbers and the cycle times of the kiln shall be kept at the plant for auditing purposes. All core samples for moisture and creosote penetrations shall be taken from the middle of the pole and shall be in accordance with SANS 5983, SANS 5984, SANS 5985 and SANS 5986. Samples shall not be taken closer than 200 mm to each other and 300 mm from each other in the same plane. 4.4.3 Air Drying of poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks A register with the following information shall be kept at the drying yard a) the stack number; DZS 746-6: 2010 6 b) the opening date; c) the closing date; d) the length/diameter class; e) the quantity; f) the moisture content results (final oven dry); and g) the date de-stacked. 4.5 Preparation of poles for treatment 4.5.1 Seasoning of poles and other timber
4.5.1.1 Stacking
A drying yard shall be a permanent, designated yard, at a location that is accessible to an inspection body during normal working hours. No stack drying yard shall be more than a one-hour return trip from the registered treating plant, unless otherwise specified in schedule A. The treater shall ensure that all timber intended for the manufacture of poles and cross-arms is stacked for seasoning within three months from the date of felling, unless otherwise specified in schedule A. Poles shall be stacked on permanent bases erected at least 300 mm clear of the ground to a maximum width of 7 m for poles with a maximum top diameter of 159 mm and not more than 4 m for poles with a top diameter exceeding 160 mm. The maximum height of the stack shall be limited to 3 m. The stack area shall be well drained and reasonably free from debris and vegetation. Cross members separating the layers of poles in a stack shall be of the same diameter class and shall be not less than 1 m apart to allow for proper airflow. Any two stacks shall not be closer than 2 m from each other at any point. The moisture content of all material in any one stack shall not differ by more than 15 % from the minimum and maximum moisture contents. A stack shall be closed within one month of opening. 4.5.1.2 Moisture control before treatment The moisture content of a representative sample in a stack (including kiln stacks) shall be determined by the oven-dry method before de-stacking and shall be in accordance with SANS 5983, SANS 5984, SANS 5985 and SANS 5986. 4.5.2 Preparation process 4.5.2.1 Before preservation treatment 4.5.2.1.1 Storage All poles that have attained the required moisture content and all poles bearing or intended to bear a certificate mark shall, be stacked under conditions that prevent deterioration. Rain-wet poles shall not be preservative treated until they are surface dry (see 4.5.1.2).
DZS 746-6: 2010 7 4.5.2.1.2 Strength testing Routine strength sampling tests (see 5.2) shall be carried out on a sample of poles before treatment. Sample poles shall be legibly and indelibly numbered in each load (charge) of poles before treatment. 4.5.2.2 Gang-nails All eucalyptus poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks shall be nail plated on the tip and butt ends. The size of the nail plate shall be such that the area covered by the nail plate shall be at least 50 % of the area of the applicable pole end. Pine poles do not require wire binding or nail plating on the tip or the butt ends of the pole, on cross-arms or on spacer blocks. 4.6 Handling, transportation and storage of treated poles The handling, transportation and storage of eucalyptus and pine poles shall comply with annex J of SANS 754 and annex H of SANS 753 respectively.
4.7 Treatment of poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks
4.7.1 General Poles, cross-arms and spacer blocks shall be impregnated with creosote in accordance with the requirements of SANS 753, SANS 754 or SAZS 120. The temperature range of the creosote in the treatment cycle shall be between 80 C and 100 C. The sheet on which the temperature of the creosote and the pressure of the cylinders are recorded, shall form part of the charge sheets of each batch treated. 4.7.2 Retention of creosote Unless otherwise specified in schedule A, the minimum retention of creosote per batch treated with creosote shall be 115 kg/m 3 of wood for hazard class H4. This shall be determined in accordance with SANS 5967. NOTE: For guidance, see table G.1 in Annex G for volumes of poles and cross-arms. 4.8 Labelling of poles 4.8.1 On the face of the pole 4.8.1.1 One label, 55 mm by 65 mm, manufactured from galvanized steel, 0.5 mm thick, shall be securely fixed with four 50 mm long galvanized nails, one in each corner of the plate. 4.8.1.2 The following information shall be marked on the label in letters at least 5 mm high. a) Treaters approved identification mark; b) Month and year of treating (for example, 03/2001); c) Length of pole and top diameter (for example, 11m /160 mm); d) Hazard class (for example, H4) Refer to annex D; e) ZS 746-6 DZS 746-6: 2010 8 f) The specie of pole and strength class in accordance with tables 1and 2, Columns 1 and 5 (for example E1 75); g) Kiln or air-dried (for example, Kiln or air); h) Pressure treated (Pressure) or open-bath treated (Open bath); i) Suppliers name, if not the treater; and j) Purchaser/utility designation, if required. .
Figure 1 Example of Label 4.8.1.3 The label shall be fixed on the face of the pole 3.5 m from the butt , unless otherwise specified in schedule A. 4.8.2 On the tip of the pole A coloured label shall be securely fixed to the tip of the treated pole to indicate the top diameter size class of the pole. These labels shall have a minimum area of 1000 mm 2 . The labels shall be made of a UV or fade resistant PVC plastic of 1.1 mm thickness, galvanized steel of 0.9 mm thickness or aluminium of 0.9 mm thickness.
The following colours shall be used for labels on the tip of the treated poles: DZS 746-6: 2010 9 Green 80 mm to 99 mm Orange 100 mm to 119 mm Red 120 mm to 139 mm Blue 140 mm to 159 mm Yellow 160 mm to 179 mm White 180 mm to 199 mm Purple 200 mm to 219 mm
4.8.3 On the Butt of the pole A galvanized metal tag 800 mm 2 and 0.9 mm thick as specified in schedule A, shall be securely fixed to the butt end of the pole with a unique number on the tag. This tag shall be used to trace the pole for strength testing, moisture content readings and creosote penetrations recordings. 4.9 Non-conforming material 4.9.1 Control of processes and corrective action
The treater shall establish and maintain a procedure for the continual monitoring of processes and work operations and for the analysis of records for the purpose of detecting and eliminating potential causes of defects in material and for ensuring that corrective actions are effective.
4.9.2 General control of non-conforming material The treater shall establish and maintain procedures (that include identification, segregation and disposal), as appropriate, for controlling material that does not comply with the requirements of this specification. All material that does not comply with the requirements of this specification shall be clearly identified to prevent unauthorised use, shipment or mixing with other material and shall be kept separate from other material. 4.10 Quality requirements 4.10.1 Quality planning documentation To become an approved supplier, a supplier shall establish and submit to the utility, the following documents for review and acceptance as specified in schedule A: 4.10.1.1 a) A quality management system; and 4.10.1.2 b) An inspection and test plan. 4.10.2 Release of poles from a treatment plant 4.10.2.1 All poles and cross-arms shall be subjected to a final inspection and test by the treaters quality control personnel. Each pole shall be incrementally bored after treatment at the mid-point of the DZS 746-6: 2010 10 pole in line with the fixed label to verify the correct solid penetration of creosote. The creosote penetration shall be recorded and be traceable to, the unique serial number of the pole which shall be fixed to the galvanized metal tag on the butt end of the pole. 4.10.2.2 Only after poles and cross-arms have been checked by the responsible quality control personnel, and have passed all the relevant acceptance criteria defined in this specification, shall the coloured labels referred to in 4.8.2 be attached. These coloured labels shall therefore also serve to indicate that poles/cross-arms have been inspected, tested and confirmed as complying in all respects with the requirements of this specification. All poles which do not meet the requirements of this specification shall be physically marked by suitable means, and segregated from the conforming product. 4.10.3 Audits on plants The utility reserves the right to audit quality management systems, and verify all goods for conformance during any stage of production, and after delivery. The utility or its inspection authority/agency (or both) will conduct random product, process and/or quality management systems audits/inspection at the treatment plant, utility storage yards and construction sites for the purpose of verifying the continued product compliance with the requirements of this specification. These audits/inspections may be performed without any prior notification to the treater. The utility or its appointed inspection authority shall be afforded access to all areas of all plants operated by the treater. Similarly all quality system documentation, records, reports etc., shall be made available for review when requested by the utility or its appointed inspection authority/agency. The treater shall give written permission to its product and quality management system certification bodies, and any inspection authority acting on its behalf, to make available all information at their disposal, and without any reservation, for review by the utility, or its appointed inspection authority/agency. If the utility or its inspection authority/agency identify any non-conforming products during the conduct of its audits/inspections, the treater shall be deemed to be in breach of contract, and shall be held liable for any re-work or associated replacement costs (or both). The treater shall in such instances also be held liable for the full costs associated with the conduct of such audits/inspections. The nature, magnitude or frequency (or both) of non-conforming material identified by the utility or its appointed inspection authority/agency will form the basis of action to suspend the supplier as an approved supplier, or contract cancellation. Inspection or waiving of inspections and audits by the utility or their representative shall not relieve the treater of his responsibility to furnish poles complying fully with this specification. The treating plant shall provide suitable facilities for the audits and inspection work and shall supply any assistance necessary for the inspector to perform the audits.
5 Tests 5.1 General The routine tests specified shall be witnessed by the purchaser or by the purchasers appointed representative. At least two weeks notice is required in order to arrange for witnessing and evaluation. DZS 746-6: 2010 11 For a new species of pole to be accepted, the requirements for routine tests and type tests shall be complied with. 5.2 Type tests The following type tests shall be performed on a batch of 50 poles 11 m long. The range 10.8 m to 11.5 m is acceptable. The poles shall be dried to the required moisture content as specified in SANS 753, SANS 754 and SAZS 120. 5.2.1 Strength test Strength tests in accordance with annex E and annex or breaking load tests in accordance with appendix B of SAZS 120 shall be used to calculate the average fibre stress of the poles. Check for compliance with 4.2.6. 5.2.2 Sapwood test The average sapwood thickness of two samples per pole or crossarm, taken diametrically opposite each other at the ground line for poles and at the midpoint in the case of cross-arms, shall be at least 15 mm for the Eucalyptus species and 20 mm for the Pinus species. The sapwood thickness shall be determined in accordance with SANS 753, SANS 754 and SANS 5987. 5.2.3 Creosote retention test The average retention of creosote, using two samples per pole, cross-arm or spacer, shall be a minimum of 115 kg/m 3 for poles and 100 kg/m 3 for cross-arms and spacers, taken diametrically opposite each other at the ground line for poles and at the approximate midpoint in the case of cross-arms and spacers. The net retention of creosote shall be determined in accordance with SANS 754 and SANS 5967. 5.2.4 Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) test
The MOE shall be determined in accordance with annex F of SANS 753 and annex G of SANS 754.
5.3 Routine tests 5.3.1 Routine sampling and inspection tests for the requirements in clause 4 shall be carried out in accordance with annex B of SANS 753 and SANS 754 or clauses 5 and 6 of SANS 120. Check for compliance with the requirements of clause 4. 5.3.2 Every pole shall be routinely inspected in accordance with clause 5 of SANS 754. 5.4 Test equipment and accuracy of measurement 5.4.1 Except as allowed in terms of 5.4.4, the test and measuring equipment, gauges and tools listed in annex A and those necessary for the controls required during production and for testing of the final production, shall be available at the treaters factory and shall be maintained in an acceptable working condition. 5.4.2 The calibration accuracy of the test and measuring equipment, gauges and tools shall comply with the national standards of the country where tests are conducted. 5.4.3 The treater shall on receipt of the equipment, gauges and tools referred to in 5.4.1, and after that, at regular intervals which shall not exceed 1 year, arrange for the equipment, gauges and tools to be verified, checked and calibrated by an accredited calibration authority. Certificates of DZS 746-6: 2010 12 verification, checking and calibration shall be kept by the treater for inspection. 5.4.4 If the treater is unable to comply with the requirements of 5.4.1, then the treater shall arrange with an accredited testing laboratory for the performance of certain specified tests. DZS 746-6: 2010 13
DZS 746-6: 2010 14 Annex A (normative) Test equipment The following test equipment shall be available at the treaters factory for performing the required tests: a) a suitable mass-meter for determining the mass of trolley loads of individual poles if the sample or weigh-bridge method is used, or an acceptable measuring tank of the required accuracy if the volumetric method is used; b) equipment for the determination of moisture content, consisting of a balance capable of determining, to within 0.1g, the mass of individual samples, as well as instruments for taking samples, suitable containers for the samples and a ventilated oven capable of maintaining a temperature of 100 C to 103 C; c) an incremental borer or any other acceptable apparatus, for determining the depth of penetration of the preservative; d) instruments for measuring dimensions and angles; e) thermometers, gauges and recorders to indicate accurately the measurement range within the treating tank or testing cylinder, as relevant, during all stages of treatment; f) when relevant, chemical reagents and applicators to detect the presence of sapwood and preservative components; DZS 746-6: 2010 15
DZS 746-6: 2010 16 Annex B (informative) Guide to purchasers on preparing an enquiry B.1 General A model form is given in annex C to provide the purchaser with a convenient aid to purchasing. The use of this form is intended to obviate the need for preparing a detailed technical specification. The purchasers need only specify compliance with DZS 746-6, provide the tenderers with details of his particular requirements, and set out the information he requires the tenderer to provide, as indicated below. NOTE: It is assumed that tenderers are in possession of DZS 746-6. B.2 Schedules The model form in annex C provides the purchaser with examples of a schedule A and a schedule B. In his enquiry, the purchaser should provide his own schedule A and schedule B, based on these examples. B.2.1 Schedule A Schedule A lists the requirements to be specified by the purchaser in enquiries and orders. These requirements include references to the relevant sub-clauses in DZS 746-6, to assist in compiling the schedules. Where the text of any referenced standard stipulates that the purchaser shall indicate his requirements, these requirements should also be specified in schedule A. The purchaser should set out his particular requirements and choices in his own schedule A. B.2.2 Schedule B The purchaser should draw up his own schedule B (based on the schedule B in the model form), and request the tenderer to fill in this schedule. By doing this, the tenderer will be stating compliance with DZS 746-6 and will provide the information the purchaser has requested. NOTE 1: These schedules, when completed, become normative annexes to the enquiry document. DZS 746-6: 2010 17 Annex B (concluded) B.3 Commercial conditions A purchaser will furthermore need to indicate the commercial conditions applicable and draw up a price schedule. Requirements for delivery, storage, packing and marking should be attended to in this part of the enquiry. B.4 Quality assurance DZS 746-6 does not cover the purchaser's possible requirements in respect of quality assurance, quality control, inspections, etc., since each purchaser needs to consider the criticality of the application of each component, his own policy towards these matters, etc. B.5 Testing Attention should be paid to the subject of tests and the related costs. Tests should be carried out by a competent party and tenderers should be requested to provide assurances on this point. Price schedules should be so drawn up and covering letters so worded that the costs of all services such as tests, delivery and spares are declared and allowed for in the tender. Before type tests, routine tests and sample tests are carried out, the number of samples used and the frequency of sampling should be agreed upon with the supplier. B.6 Revision of standards used as normative references DZS 746-6, as has been indicated, is based on a set of defined standards, which may have been revised or amended. It may be expected that most purchasers would, in principle, wish to employ the latest standards. It is recommended that an approach to this question be to secure an undertaking from a supplier to review the latest versions and amendments and to incorporate these where possible and agreeable to both parties. A blanket commitment to work to the "latest" versions of standards creates legal difficulties of interpretation and risks for both parties and should be properly assessed. This invariably cannot be done in the time available. DZS 746-6: 2010 18
DZS 746-6: 2010 19 Annex C (informative) Model form for schedules A and B The model form is provided as a convenient aid to purchasing. Guidance on preparing an enquiry using this form is given in Annex B. Schedule A: Purchasers specific requirements Schedule B: Particulars of equipment to be supplied (to be completed by tenderer). Item Sub- clause Description Schedule A Schedule B C.1 4.1 4.1 Species used Region of source xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx ________ ________ C.2 4.2.1 4.2.1 Pole details:
Length Top diameter thickness xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx ________ ________ C.5 4.3.4 Stacking of poles within three months after felling ________ xxxxxxxxx C.6 4.5.1.1 Travelling time between stack drying yard and treating plant ________ xxxxxxxxx C.7 4.7.2 Minimum retention of creosote ________ xxxxxxxxx C.8 4.8.1.2 (i)
4.8.1.2 (j)
4.8.1.3
4.8.3 General details
Supplier
Purchaser designation
Label on pole fixed 3,5 m from butt
Galvanized metal tag xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
________
Yes ________
________
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx 4.10.1 Quality planning documents required? Yes/no ________ C.9 5.2 and 5.3 Standard to which testing and inspection will be performed: SANS 753, SANS 754 or SAZS 120 xxxxxxxxx ________
DZS 746-6: 2010 20
Annex D (informative)
Hard Class Category
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hazard class Exposure class Timber application End use Preservative type Minimum average net retention kg/m3 Minimum preservative penetration mm H4 Exterior ground contact Timber in direct contact with the ground Distribution poles Creosote 115 15 (Eucalyptus ) 30 (Pinus) H3 Exterior above ground Timber not in direct contact with the ground but exposed to leaching and weathering Cross-arms and spacers CCA or Creosote 12 or 100 15 (Eucalyptus ) 20 (Pinus) ANNEX E (normative)
Dimensions and strength values for pine poles and cross-arms NOTE: Extracted from SANS 753:1994 (Amended 1998) Table E.1 Dimensions and strength values for pine poles and cross-arms
DZS 746-6: 2010 21
1 2 3 4 5 6 Length
m Minimum top diameter
mm Minimum diameter at theoretical ground linea
mm Minimum diameter at Midpointa
mm Force required to cause a fibre stress of 55 MPa Cantilever Loadingb
DZS 746-6: 2010 27 Bibliography The following documents were a source of reference in compiling this specification. They do not constitute provisions of this specification but are referenced for further information: BS 1990 -1: 1984: Wood poles for overhead power and telecommunication lines Part 1: Specification for softwood poles.