Impact Test

Identifying the transition temperature

Materials Engineering
Instructor: S. Ramirez
Experiment Contacted on: 02!020!"
Report Su#mitted on: 0$2%20!%
&ame: Eduardo 'arrera
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Abstract 1
Objectives and Introduction
T!eor" and E#perimenta$ %et!ods
E&uipment 'escription and Speci(ication
)esu$t and 'iscussion * +* ,
Conc$usions ,
)e(erences -
Appendi# -
ABST)ACT
(or this la# )e intended to identify the impact transition temperatire of the metals )e
used for the la#. *his is important to determine the dura#ility of metals and )hether or
not they are suita#le for use in certain applications or situations.
*he Charpy Impact test is the most common test used to find the energy re+uired for
metals to #e affected #y impact, and the temperature )ere metals transition from ductility
to #rittle. *he results from this experiment can #e used to determine the ho) to use
metals and )ere they can #e accepta#le.
*he Charpy test machine is a machine that is +uite similar to a hammer on a s)ing arm.
*he Charpy test pro-ides a measure of the energy re+uired to #rea. a material under
impact loading. It )as first standardized some /0 years ago to allo) comparison #et)een
different types of steel made from a -ariety of manufacturing processes. *he test consists
essentially of a hammer )ith a gi-en amount of energy stri.ing a notched test piece of
fixed dimensions and recording the energy re+uired to fracture the test piece at a specific
temperature and recording )hether the fracture mode )as ductile or #rittle. 'efore
carrying out a Charpy impact test, you might )ish to re-ie) some historical e-idence
associated )ith #rittle fracture #eha-ior and the effects of a notch on stresses in a tensile
test.
i
!
OB.ECTI/E AN' INT)O'0CTION
*he o#0ecti-e for this la# )as to determine the temperature of the ductile to #ritter
transition, through the use of impact testing and the 1'** cur-e.
T1EO)2 AN' E3PE)I%ENTAL %ET1O'S
!. (ollo)ed appropriate la# setup procedures, i.e. chec.ed clothing )as accepta#le,
goggle, etc.
2. Recei-ed 2 samples from the professor to analyze, and measured them from left
and right. 2hat )e recorded )as their lateral measurements.
$. 2e then proceeded to mar. the center of the #ars )ith a centerpoint.
". Mo-ed the samples to the temperature #ath, )ere it )as heated at "0 degrees
Celsius for $0 minutes.
%. Set the samples on the Charpy Impact *est Machine, )ere )e )ere a#le to
calculate the energy re+uired to transform the samples
E40IP%ENT 'ESC)IPTION
!. Charpy Impact *est Machine: 3sed to measure the energy re+uired for the
transition from ductile to #ritter
2. *emperature 'ath4 3sed to su#mit the samples to "0 degree Celsius temperature
$. Centerpoint4 3sed to mar. the samples
". Caliper4 3sed to measure the samples
)ES0LTS AN' 'ISC0SSION
5fter undergoing the $0 minutes in the temperature #ath and the Charpy Impact test, )e
did see a change in measurements in the samples.
2
Measurements
'efore 5t room temperature 2% degree C temperature
Specimen !
*op 6ateral 6eft4 .0!0 in 'ottom4 .0!0 in
*op 6ateral Right4 .007 in 'ottom4 .007 in
Specimen 2
*op 6ateral 6eft4 .007 in 'ottom4 .007in
*op 6ateral Right4 .0!0 in 'ottom4 .0!0in
$
Measurements
5fter $0 minutes at "0 degree C temperature
Specimen !
*op 6ateral 6eft4 .007 in 'ottom4 .008 in
*op 6ateral Right4 .0!0 in 'ottom4 .008 in
Specimen 2
*op 6ateral 6eft4 .0!2 in 'ottom4 .0!0in
*op 6ateral Right4 .0!0 in 'ottom4 .00%in
Energy Re+uired to #rea. sample:
Specimen ! 9 7.% ft:l# Specimen 2 9 7 ft:l#
Right 6ateral Expansion4 .0!0in4.007; .00!in Right 6ateral Expansion4 .0!!in4.0!0in; .00!in
6eft 6ateral Expansion44.0!0in<.008in;4.002in 6eft 6ateral Expansion44.0!2in4.007in;.00$in
; 4.00!in ;.00"in
=ercent 1uctile4 >0? =ercent 1uctile4 >0?
=ercent 'rittle4 $0? =ercent 'rittle4 $0?
1'**
CONCL0SIONS
*he conclusion for the impact test la# )e needed to analyze the graphs to find the
midpoint, )hich is the energy re+uired to #rea. our specimen. *hrough these -irtual
representations )e are also a#le to compare the lateral expansion of the specimens.
5ccording to the results )e do see that 1uctility is affected #y temperature changes, and
in the graphs )e can see the certain point )ere 1'** happens.
"
1'**
)EFE)ENCES
@!A BCharpy Impact *est.B Steeluniversity.org. &.p., n.d. 2e#. 2" Mar. 20!".
APPEN'ICES
A5 'ata Tab$es
T (in deg C) LE (in) FE (ft(lb)) %Ductility
60 -0.5 11.375 90
40 1.5 9.25 70
20 0.395 8.25 60
10 2 7.5 85
0 1.25 6.125 60
-10 5.25 7.75 20
-20 -2 4 30
-20 7.85 24.5 35
-40 -4 12.25 12.5
-50 -10 8 9
%
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