STUDENT ACTIVITY WORK BOOK

INDEX

1.- Future Tense Will
2.- Adverbs od Frecuency
( already, just, ever, yet, never, once, twice)
3.- Present Perfect
4.- Present perfect Continuous
5.- Tag questions
6.- Agreements (too, so, either, neither)
7.- Connectors of sequency
8.- Passive voice, Active voice



























WILL
(Future auxiliary)
Positive, Negative and Interrogative.

WILL FUTURE EXERCISES
Remember:

-


1. Complete the sentences with will (ll) in positive form:
a) If I arrive late, I (call) __________ you.
b) They (help) __________ you.
c) Maybe he (stay) __________ at home tonight.
d) My friends (go/probably) __________ to the beach.
e) Peter (buy) __________ the tickets.
f) I hope that my boyfriend (cook) __________ dinner tonight.
g) We think FCB (win) __________ the match.
h) Im sure my boss (understand) __________ my problem.
i) I (get) __________ you a drink. Do you like coffee?
j) Maybe my sister (do) __________ a language course in London.
k) Perhaps Mary (do) __________ that for her sister.
l) Its late. I think I (go) __________ to bed now.

2. Complete the sentences with will in negative form:
a) I (answer) __________ the question.
b) My brother (lock) __________ the door.
c) The boy (catch) __________ the ball.
d) I (read) __________ that magazine.
e) We (send) __________ that present to my uncle.
f) My grandmother (open) __________ the door.
g) The children (eat) __________ fish.
h) He (listen) __________ to the radio.
i) I (drink) __________ beer.
j) It (rain) __________.
k) You (ask) __________ him.
l) The teacher (test) __________ our English.

3. Complete the sentences with will in interrogative form:
a) (you / go / to the party) ________________________________ ?
b) (James / open / the window) ________________________________ ?
c) (your mother / cook / a cake) ________________________________ ?
d) (she / get / married) ________________________________ ?
e) (you / help / me / with my homework) ________________________________ ?
f) (What / we / eat) ________________________________ ?
g) (When / Megan / be / famous) ________________________________ ?
h) (they/ visit/ their grandparents) ________________________________ ?
i) (we / meet /Rihanna) ________________________________ ?
j) (I / earn/ lots of money) ________________________________ ?
k) (Who / drive / us / into town) ________________________________ ?
l) (you / meet / that boy) ________________________________ ?





























FUTURE
CONTINUOUS
TENSE
Positive, Negative and Interrogative.
Future Continuous Tense
I will be singing
How do we make the Future Continuous Tense?
The structure of the future continuous tense is:
subject + auxiliary verb
WILL
+ auxiliary verb
BE
+ main verb
invariable invariable present
participle
will be base + ing
He will be working tomorrow morning.

For negative sentences in the future continuous tense, we
insert not between will and be.

He will not (wont) be working tomorrow morning.

For question sentences, we exchange the subject and will.

Will he be working tomorrow morning?

How do we use the Future Continuous Tense?
The future continuous tense expresses action at a particular
moment in the future. The action will start before that moment but it
will not have finished at that moment. For example, tomorrow I will start
work at 2pm and stop work at 6pm

I will be playing tennis at 10am tomorrow.
They won't be watching TV at 9pm tonight.
What will you be doing at 10pm tonight?


PUT THE VERBS INTO THE CORRECT FORM (FUTURE PROGRESSIVE).
1. At midnight we (sleep) will be sleeping.
2. This time next week we (sit) at the beach.
3. At nine I (watch) the news.
4. Tonight we (cram up) for our English test.
5. They (dance) all night.
6. He (not / play) all afternoon.
7. I (not / work) all day.
8. (eat / you) at six?
9. (drive / she) to London?
10. (fight / they) again?


Fill in the verbs in brackets in Future Progressive.
1) Peggy to the party on Saturday. (to come)
2) We him tomorrow. (to meet)
3) This time next week he to South Africa. (to fly)
4) At 6 o'clock on Friday they the new song. (to sing)
5) It when I reach Bangkok. (to rain/probably)
6) Tomorrow at nine I a test. (to write)
7) Andy a video when I arrive tonight. (to watch)
8) You pizza soon. (to eat)
9) She when you telephone her. (to sleep)
10) They in Budapest just about now. (to arrive)

























PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE
In present, Positive, Negative and Interrogative.
ADVERBS OF FRECUENCY
(already, just, ever, yet, never, once, twice)

SIGNAL WORDS OF PRESENT PERFECT (PALABRAS INDICADORAS)
ALREADY, EVER, JUST, NEVER, NOT YET, SO FAR, TILL NOW, UP TO NOW

The use of ALREADY
Already is normally used with a present perfect; American speakers often use it with a
preterite.
Examples;
1 I've already been to London three times.
2 We already went to Chicago twice this year.
3 She already has three children
4 The box was already broken when I found it.
The use of JUST
Just is usually used only with the present perfect tense and it means a short time
ago.
Ive just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
Mikes just called. Can you ring him back please?
Have you just taken my pen? Where has it gone?
The use of EVER (Alguna vez, Nunca, Continuamente)
Ever means at any time in the past, present or future, as in:
Was he ever in the army? or If you ever need any help, just let me know
It is used mainly in questions.
Do you ever wish you were rich? (= at any time)
Have you ever been to England? (= at any time up to the present)
He has been unhappy ever since he left home. (= at all times)
The use of YET
Yet normally accompanied by NOT, implies non-commenced or non-terminated action. It is
most commonly found in negative statements - but it is not a simple negative equivalent of
still.
YET does not imply discontinued action, i.e. action that has finished.
For example:
1. The computer has not yet analysed the data.
4. I can't yet see him (he hasn't appeared).
The use of STILL
Still implies a continuing action, and is generally used in affirmative sentences; for
example:
1 The computer is still analysing the data.
2 They were still talking at midnight.
The use of AGAIN
Again always implies repeated action
1 I went to Paris last week, and I went there again this week.
2 You haven't broken your CD-player again, have you?
The use of FOR
We use For when we measure the duration when we say how long something lasts.
For + a period of time
To measure a period of time up to the present, we use the present perfect tense and not
the present tense.
I have known her for a long time. (Correct)
I know her for a long time. (Incorrect)
The use of SINCE
Since gives the starting point of actions, events or states. It refers to when things began.
Since + a point in time (in the past), until now.
I've been waiting since 7 o'clock.
I have known him since January.
The use of HOW LONG
How long? is used to ask questions about amounts or periods of time. Take a look at the
following:
'How long have you been waiting?' 'Only for a minute or two.'
'How long have they been married?' 'Oh, for a very long time. More than 25 years.'

PRESENT PERFECT
The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that stopped
recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.
Form of Present Perfect

Positive Negative Question
I / you / we / they I have spoken. I have not spoken. Have I spoken?
he / she / it He has spoken. He has not spoken. Has he spoken?

FOR IRREGULAR VERBS, USE THE PARTICIPLE FORM. FOR REGULAR VERBS, JUST ADD ED.
Use of Present Perfect
puts emphasis on the result
Example: She has written five letters.
action that is still going on
Example: School has not started yet.
action that stopped recently
Example: She has cooked dinner.
finished action that has an influence on the present
Example: I have lost my key.
action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking
Example: I have never been to Australia.

EXERCISE ON PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
PUT THE VERBS INTO THE CORRECT FORM (PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE).
1. I (not / work)

today.
2. We (buy) a new lamp.
3. We (not / plan) our holiday yet.
4. Where (be / you) ?
5. He (write) five letters.
6. She (not / see) him for a long time.
7. (be / you) at school?
8. School (not / start) yet.
9. (speak / he) to his boss?
10. No, he (have / not) the time yet.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE VS. SIMPLE PAST TENSE















Edwyn Collins: Girl like you (never met a girl like you before) song
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y7sEchp-n64

I've never known a girl like you before
Now just like in a song from days of yore
Here you come a knockin knockin on my door
And I've never met a girl like you before

You give me just a taste so I want more
And my hands are bleeding and my knees are raw
Cos now you got me crawlin crawlin on the floor
And I've never known a girl like you before

You've made me acknowledge the devil in me
I hope to god I'm talkin metaphorically
Hope that I'm talking allegorically
Know that I'm talkin bout the way I feel
And I've never known a girl like you before

Never, never, never, never
Never met a girl like you before

This old town's changed so much
Don't feel like I belong
To many protest singers
Not enough protest songs

And now you've come along
Yes you've come along

It's all right, yeah it's all right, yeah it's all right




LOCH NESS

Loch Ness is a lake between the Scottish
towns of Inverness and Fort Augustus. The
word loch is Scottish for lake. Loch Ness is
about 37 km long and extremely deep, the
deepest part is 226 m.
Loch Ness is famous for its friendly
monster, Nessie. Most people think that
this is only a legend, but every year tourists from all over the world come to Loch Ness
and hope that they will see the monster.

Grammar Exercise on the Text

Present Perfect Simple
We use the present perfect to express what has (not) happened so far. (Note that no time
in the past must be given otherwise you have to use simple past.) For further
information, check out our grammar section: Present Perfect Simple.

WRITE THE VERBS IN PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE.

1. Tourists from all over the world (be) to Loch Ness.
2. Most of them (see / not) Nessie, however.
3. Only very few people say that the Loch Ness Monster (appear) in front of them.
4. Even scientists (come) to Loch Ness to find the monster.
5. And the boss of the Guinness brewery (promise) to pay 500,000 Pounds to the
person who catches Nessie.

































PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
Positive, Negative and Interrogative.
Present Perfect Continuous (progressive)
(Presente perfecto continuo o progresivo)

USOS
Utilizamos el presente perfecto continuo o progresivo para hablar de una accin
que se desaroll durante algn tiempo en el pasado y que acaba de terminar. Los
efectos de dicha accin se hacen sentir en el presente.
El progresivo, indiferentemente de si estamos hablando del presente, del pasado o
del futuro, indica que una situacin est en curso, es decir que ha empezado y
todava no ha llegado a su fin.
She has been running
Queremos decir con esto que estuvo corriendo, acaba de dejarlo, pero
an se siente cansada.
Form (Formacin)
Como en el presente perfecto, usamos el verbo auxiliar "to have" adems de
"been" (el participio pasado del verbo "to be") y ms el gerundio del verbo.
Subject Auxiliaries Gerund
I, You, We, They have been
talking,
studying,
waiting...
He, She, It has been
talking,
studying,
waiting...
STRUCTURE (ESTRUCTURA)
Afirmativa: sujeto + have/has been + verbo acabado en -ing.
Hes been writing letters all morning.

Negative: sujeto + havent/hasnt been + verbo acabado en -ing
We havent been reading much lately.

Interrogative: Have / Has + sujeto + been + verbo acabado en ing?
You look hot! Have you been running?

Nos referimos a algo que hemos estado haciendo en un perodo de tiempo, por lo tanto,
usamos laspreposiciones de tiempo "for" y "since".
Si usamos el presente perfecto continuo sin un perodo de tiempo, significa "lately" o
"recently"
Ejemplos:
- I can't believe it is still raining. It's been raining for a week now! (No
puedo creer que todava est lloviendo. Lleva lloviendo desde hace una
semana!)
- John has been working at the bank since 2003. (John lleva trabajando en
el banco desde 2003.)


COMPLETE THE SENTENCES IN PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
1 of 5: I _______ (live) in Spain for 3 years now.
2 of 5: _______ you _______ (play) guitar much recently?
3 of 5: Steve _______ (not/practice) enough lately.
4 of 5: What _______ they _______ (do) lately?


Completa las frases con la forma de Present Perfect adecuada de los verbos
entre parntesis: Present Perfect Simple o Present Perfect Progressive.

1. Elaine (do) her English homework since tea time. She (do)
five exercises.
2. Simon (deliver) about one hundred newspapers today.
He (deliver) them since early this morning.
3. You (drink) coffee all day. You (drink) at least 5 cups.
4. Your hands are dirty! Yes, I (garden).
5. I (clean) the attic all afternoon and I (find) my teenager
diary. I (not see) it since I was 16. It (be) in my room all this
time.
6. Ted and his friends (play) tennis since lunch time. They
(win) 3 sets.







Positive Sentences
Write positive sentences in present perfect progressive.
1. Albert / squash / play
2. Hannah / the match / watch
3. we / in the park / wait
4. you / a song / sing
5. I / a magazine / read
6. it / rain / all day
7. Phil and Greg / a race / run
8. she / her teeth / brush
9. the Millers / in London / live / for three years
10. we / on the lake / sail

Negative Sentences
Write negative sentences in present perfect progressive.
1. we / not / in the mountains / walk
2. Beatrice / not / in Boston / teach
3. Ricky / not / the car / wash
4. she / not / a poem / write
5. we / not / tea / drink
6. we / not / our rooms / clean
7. the children / not / on the floor / sleep
8. Jeff and Linda / not / cycle
9. Christine / not / her home / decorate
10. the cat / not / on the chair / lie / all day


Questions
Write questions in present perfect progressive.
1. she / on the phone / talk
2. his brother / dinner / cook
3. Jane and Mary / badminton / play
4. Sue / in the gym / exercise
5. Robert / the room / paint
6. they / trees / plant
7. Henry / in the garage / work
8. they / in the lake / swim
9. how long / Boris / English / learn
10. how long / you / for me / wait


Escribe el verbo entre parntesis en "present perfect" o "present
perfect continuous" segn corresponda:

1)
This evening I two letters to my parents (to write)

2)
My daughter letters to her friends for hours (to write)

3)
This morning I breakfast for my wife (to prepare)

4)
Today Lucy her boyfriend three times (to phone)

5)
My friends around Italy for five months (to travel)

6)
I to music all evening (to listen)

7)
I English since I was a child (to learn)

8)
We are coming from the beach where my kids a sandcastle (to
make)

9)
Why are you so dirty? I in the garden (to work)

10)
I to Malaga for three days with my in-laws (to be)

11)
I my homework. Now I am going to rest (to finish)

12)
My brother TV for three hours (to watch)

13)
John since 3 o'clock (to study)

14)
The fatal accident just . The police haven't arrived yet (to
happen)

15)
you my watch? I have just lost it (to see)

16)
Emma is very tired; she all day (to work)

17)
My son two pages so far (to translate)

18)
What weather! It since yesterday (to rain)

19)
This week my team one match (to win)

20)
Today I my room (to paint)

21)
My kids at the beach all morning (to play)

22)
I in this town since last February (to live)

23)
The police the murderer (to arrest)

24)
What has happened to the neighbours? They for hours (to
shout)






































TAG
QUESTIONS


TAG QUESTIONS

Question tags ARE SHORT QUESTIONS at the end of statements.
They are mainly used in speech when we want to:
confirm that something is true or not, or
to encourage a reply from the person we are speaking to.

Question tags are formed with the auxiliary or modal verb from the statement
and the appropriate subject.

A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag.
Jack is from Spain, isn't he?
Mary can speak English, can't she?

A negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
They aren't funny, are they?
He shouldn't say things like that, should he?

When the verb in the main sentence is in the present simple we form the
question tag with do / does.
You play the guitar, don't you?
Alison likes tennis, doesn't she?
If the verb is in the past simple we use did.
They went to the cinema, didn't they?
She studied in New Zealand, didn't she?

When the statement contains a word with a negative meaning, the question
tag needs to be positive
He hardly ever speaks, does he?
They rarely eat in restaurants, do they?



Tags Question (Preguntas cortas)
Q1 of 6: David plays tennis, _______?

Q2 of 6: She has got 2 brothers, _______?

Q3 of 6: You can't swim, _______?

Q4 of 6: Megan is married, _______?

Q5 of 6: Kate doesn't teach Spanish,_______?

Q6 of 6: They aren't here, _______?


Aade las tag questions adecuadas para las siguientes frases.
1. Tony gave her a present for her birthday, ?
2. There's some milk left, ?
3. Nobody would want a used car, ?
4. Your parents are visting us next week, ?
5. She's been acting funny this week, ?
6. Everybody's here, ?
7. Let's forget about it, ?
8. Sit down, ?
9. She hardly spoke, ?
10. They should have arrived by now, ?

Put a QUESTION TAG on the end of each sentence.
Examples: Tom won't be late, will he? / They were very angry, weren't they?

1.
Ann is on vacation,

?
2.
You weren't listening to me,, ?
3.
Sue doesn't like onions, ?
4.
Jack applied for his new job, ?
5.
You have a camera, ?
6.
You can type well, ?
7.
He won't mind if I leave early, ?
8.
Tom could help you with the work, ?
9.
There are a lot of people here, ?
10.
Let's have dinner at 8:30, ?
11.
This movie isn't very interesting, ?
12.
I'm too fat, ?
13.
You wouldn't tell anyone, ?
14.
I shouldn't have gotten angry, ?
15.
They had to go home, ?
16.
He'd never seen you before, ?



































CONECTORS
OF
SEQUENCE
CONNECTORS OF SEQUENCE

Connectors of sequence show the order in which events happened.
The most widely used are:

first, then, next, after that, finally, first of all, bythe time,
eventually, at last, at the end, before, after and later.

First of all, we couldnt have a shower because there was no hot water.
By the time, we were ready, it was too late to eat.
Eventually, we took the train to town.
At last, we got to the park but it was very late.
At the end, we only had time for a quick game

EXERCISES:

1.PUT THE SENTENCES IN THE CORRECT ORDER TO MAKE A
PARAGRAPH

a. By the time we found out, there were no tables available.
b. First of all, we wanted to book a table, but we didnt know forwhat time.
c. Eventuall y, we pi cked another restaurant, but then Dad rangand said he
couldnt get home before 10 oclock.
d. Last week, we pl anned to take our dad to a restaurant

2. COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH WITH THE CORRECT CONNECTORS.
EVENTUALLY IN THE END FIRST OF ALL

Last weekend, we went camping on the beach. 1______________, it started to rain. Then
there was a strong wind and our things flew everywhere. We were cold and wet.
2. _______________, the storm ended, but our sleeping bags were wet and dirty.

3. _________________, we decided to spend the night at home. We were happy to
be warm and dry.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWERS.

Hello, I'm Bart and I had a great birthday
yesterday. 1 First / Next, I met my friends at the
shopping centre and they bought me a present. 2
Then /Finally, we had pizza at a caf. 3 Finally /
Next, we went to the cinema and saw a very funny
comedy. 4 Then / First suddenly, my parents
arrived. They took me to an amazing restaurant for
dinner. 5 Next / Finally, we went home and I
went to bed, tired but happy.

WRITE A PARAGRAPH USIG CONECTORS OF SEQUENCE.



























AGREEMENTS

AGREEMENT
(EXPRESANDO ACUERDO O DESACUERDO EN LAS
CONVERSACIONES)

Para expresar acuerdo en ingls (yo tambin/yo tampoco) con
oraciones afirmativas usamos los adverbios (too/so) y para las
negativas usamos(tampoco = either/neither)..

ADVERBIOS POSITIVOS : too, so
ADVERBIOS NEGATIVOS: either, neither
SO, TOO, EITHER Y NEITHER
Se usan para expresar acuerdo en ingls (yo tambin / yo tampoco); para acuerdo
afirmativo usamos (too / so- tambin) y para acuerdo negativo usamos (tampoco -
either / neither). Siempre van a ir acompaadas de un auxiliar (is, are, do, does, did,
will, can, must, may u otros dependiendo del tiempo de la oracin principal)

La diferencia entre SO y TOO es el orden en que se usan, aunque ambos significan
"tambin":
SO va primero, luego el auxiliar que corresponde y por ltimo el sujeto.
Ejemplo: I am afraid of spiders- le tengo miedo a las araas
So am I - yo tambin
Con TOO vamos a escribir primero el sujeto, luego el auxiliar y por ultimo TOO.
Ejemplo: You look good." - Te ves bien.
"So do you." or "You too." - T tambin.
Cuando deseamos expresar acuerdo negativo usamos NEITHER / EITHER los cuales
significan "tampoco".
La diferencia entre ellos es el orden ms la forma negativa-afirmativa.
Con EITHER: se escribe el sujeto, despus el auxiliar en forma negativa y por ultimo
EITHER
Ejemplo: am not tired, and my friends are not either
No estoy cansado y mis amigos tampoco.
Con NEITHER: es la contraccin de NOT mas EITHER por lo tanto el auxiliar debe
ir en forma afirmativa, ya que dos negativos no pueden ir juntos. Para responder:
neither va primero luego el auxiliar en forma afirmativa y por ltimo el sujeto
Ejemplo:"I don't have any free time."
- No tengo tiempo libre.
"Neither do I- Yo tampoco.



Expresando acuerdo
Con oraciones afirmativas - Affirmative (too/so)

A: "I'm afraid of spiders." - Le tengo miedo a las araas
B: "So am I." or "Me too." - Yo tambin
A: "I must hurry, it's late already" - Debo apurarme, ya es tarde
B: "Oh, Gosh! So must I." - Oh, Dios mo! Yo tambin.
Con oraciones negativas - Tampoco (either/neither)

A: "I don't have any free time."
- No tengo tiempo libre.
B: "Neither do I." or "Nor do I." or "I don't either." or "Me neither."
- Yo tampoco.
A: "We don't smoke." - No fumamos.
B: "Neither does he." or "Nor does he." - l tampoco.
A: "My husband wasn't very happy when I went shopping."
- Mi marido no estuvo muy contento cuando fui de compras.
B: "Neither was mine."
- El mo tampoco.



COMPLETE THE EXERCISE WITH EITHER, NEITHER, SO, TOO
I like cooking./ do I.
I hate ironing. / Me, .
I don't work at the weekend. / do I.
I don't have a dog. / Me, .
Se didn't go to the cinema last weekend. / He didn't go .
She plays the piano. / does he.
She didn't pass the exam. / He, .
She doesn't speak Japanese. / does he.
I didn't go to the party. / I didn't go .




Complete the sentences with so, neither, either, too. in the
correct form.

1. Shes learning Chinese, and her husband.
2. Ive decided to lose weight. .
3. I cant drive, and my wife.
4. I love travelling. .
5. Julie wont be at the meeting, and Stuart.
6. I bought an iPhone. Gary.
7. Hes tall and really attractive. his brother.
8. You look tired. you.
9. We werent surprised. we.
10. The hotel was terrible, and the food.

Exercise : Agree with the statements using so or neither.
1. I worked hard last week .
2. My sister has got a new job .
3. My friends havent gotten married yet .
4. Kim is going to have a baby .
5. They love studying English .
6. They didnt go to the mall last holiday .
7. My parents will travel on Christmas .
8. They arent going to the concert .
9. Rick speaks Spanish .
10. Nick is a good singer .




Exercise : Complete the sentences using the given words. Pay
special attention to word order.
1. a. too Marco has a mustache, and ____________________________.
b. so Marco has a mustache, and ______________________________.
2. a. either Omar doesnt have a mustache, and
____________________________.
b. neither Omar doesnt have a mustache, and
____________________________.
3. a. too Marco is wearing a hat, and ___________________________.
b. so Marco is wearing a hat, and _____________________________.
4. a. either Ivan isnt wearing a hat, and _________________________.
b. neither Ivan isnt wearing a hat, and _________________________.
Exercise: Complete the dialogues by agreeing Speaker B and
disagreeing Speaker C with Speaker As idea. Use so or neither.
Use I
1. A: Im tired.
B: __________________________. C: _____________________.
2. A: I didnt enjoy the movie last night.
B: _________________________. C: ______________________.
3. A: I always have coffee in the morning.
B: __________________________. C: _____________________.
4. A: I dont feel like going to class today.
B: _________________________. C: ______________________.
5. A: I havent eaten dinner all this week.
B: _________________________. C: ______________________.
6. A: Ive never been in Peru.
B: _________________________. C: ______________________.
Quiz: Either & Neither
Instructions: Choose the correct answer.
Q1 - She didn't like _____ of them.
either
neither
Q2 - Doesn't she like _____ of them?
either
neither
Q3 - I'm sorry, but I couldn't get through to ______ of them.
either
neither
Q4 - _____ of them told me about it so I didn't go.
Either
Neither
Q5 - Did you manage to speak to _____ of them by any chance?
either
neither
Q6 - If _____ of them can come, I'll be upset- I hope at least one turns up.
either
neither
Q7 - We use a negative verb with...
either
neither
Q8 - Neither...
...or
...nor
Q9 - Either...
...or
...nor
Q10 - We ____ a negative verb with 'neither'. use don't use

































POSSESIVE
Pronombres Posesivos en Ingls
Possessive Pronouns
Los pronombres posesivos indican posesin y son invariables. Nunca van
precedidos de un artculo.
PRONOMBRES POSESIVOS
(min) mine el mo, la ma, los mos, las mas
(irs) yours el tuyo, la tuya, los tuyos, las tuyas (de t);
el suyo, la suya, los suyos, las suyas (de ustedes)
(jis) his el suyo, la suya, los suyos, las suyas (de l)
(jers) hers el suyo, la suya, los suyos, las suyas (de ella)
(its) its el suyo, la suya, los suyos, las suyas (de l o ella, para cosas)
(aurs) ours el nuestro, la nuestra, los nuestros, las nuestras
(irs) yours el vuestro, la vuestra, los vuestros, las vuestras
(dirs) theirs el suyo, la suya, los suyos, las suyas (de ellos o ellas)

EXAMPLES:
Can you lend me a pencil? - I forgot mine.
Puedes prestarme un lpiz? - Olvid el mo.
This belongs to you. It's yours.
Esto te pertenece. Es tuyo.
I lent Bob my car and he lent me his.
Le prest a Bob mi auto y l me prest el suyo.
I forgot my book, so Susan gave me hers.
Olvid mi libro, entonces Susan me di el suyo.


ADJETIVOS POSESIVOS
(mi) my mi, mis
(ir) your tu, tus (de t); su, sus (de ustedes)
(jis) his su, sus (de l)
(jer) her su, sus (de ella)
(its) its su, sus (de l o ella, para cosas)
(ur) our nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras
(ir) your vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras
(dir) their su, sus (de ellos o ellas)
En ingls se usa el posesivo en vez del artculo delante de sustantivos de
partes del cuerpo y de objetos particulares: He hurt his finger (Se
lastim el dedo); I lost my book(Perd el libro).































PASSIVE VOICE
ACTIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE
La voz pasiva en ingls sigue la estructura general:

Sujeto + Verbo To be +Verbo en participio +Objeto. Por ejemplo:

EJEMPLOS:
a) The pizza is eaten by us. > "La pizza es comida por nosotros."
b) I was given a book. > "Me dieron un libro.

EN LA VOZ PASIVA SE ENFATIZA LO QUE FUE HECHO Y NO EL SUJETO
DE LA ACTIVA.

A continuacin se van a mostrar algunos ejemplos de cambios de voz activa a
pasiva :
VOZ ACTIVA VOZ PASIVA
Tom writes a letter
Tom is writing a letter
Tom was writing a letter
Tom wrote a letter
Tom has written a letter
Tom had written a letter
Tom will write a letter
Tom is going to write a letter
Tom can write a letter
Tom could write a letter
Tom must write a letter
Tom may write a letter
Tom might write a letter
A letter is written by Tom
A letter is being written by Tom
A letter was being written by Tom
A letter was written by Tom
A letter has been written by Tom
A letter had been written by Tom
A letter will be written by Tom
A letter is going to be written by Tom
A letter can be written by Tom
A letter could be written by Tom
A letter must be written by Tom
A letter may be written...
A letter might be written...

Reglas gramaticales sobre la Voz Pasiva.

La voz pasiva se forma utilizando el verbo to be + el verbo principal en
participio. Para transformar una oracin activa a pasiva tenemos en cuenta los
siguientes puntos:
El objeto de la oracin activa pasa a ser el sujeto de la pasiva
El verbo principal se sustituye por el auxiliar "to be", en su mismo tiempo,
junto al verbo principal en participio.
El sujeto de la oracin principal pasa a ser complemento agente de la pasiva.
Si hacemos mencin en la oracin al sujeto que realiza la accin (sujeto
agente), ste ir normalmente introducido por la preposicin by:

Tabla de cambios verbales en la transformacin de Voz Activa a Voz Pasiva.

Tomando en cuenta los puntos anteriormente mencionados, en este esquema
vemos los cambios que sufre el tiempo verbal de una oracin activa al ser
transformada a oracin pasiva.

Usamos como ejemplo: to write a letter (escribir una carta)
write (presente/present) / wrote (pasado/past) / written (participio/participle)



Tiempo verbal de
la frase activa
Frase activa Frase pasiva
presente I write a letter The letter is written
presente continuos I'm writing a letter The letter is being written
past I wrote a letter The letter was written
past continuos I was writing a letter The letter was being written
present perfect I've written a letter The letter has been written
past perfect I had written a letter The letter had been written
futuro I will write a letter The letter will be written
futuro I'm going to write a letter The letter is going to be
written

Usos de la voz pasiva

UNO DE LOS CASOS QUE SE DEBE UTILIZAR LA VOZ PASIVA ES CUANDO
QUEREMOS DAR IMPORTANCIA A "LO QUE PAS"; MS QUE A QUIN HIZO
LA ACCIN.
Ejemplo:
Her money was stolen. (su dinero fue robado)
Tambin se debe utilizar la voz pasiva para mantener un mismo sujeto en
varias frases, as como lo plantea el siguiente ejemplo:
Ejemplo:
I met that woman. I was surprised at how attractive she was... (Me encontr
con esa mujer. Me qued sorprendido de lo hermosa que era.)
En este ejemplo la persona se mantiene ella misma como sujeto.
El ltimo de los casos que se puede utilizar la voz pasiva como tal, es
para poder describir cualquier proceso cientfico es decir, como se encuentra
en el ejemplo que a continuacin se muestra:
Ejemplo:
The water is heated to a temperature of from 60 to 80 C.
El agua es hervida a una temperatura de entre 60 a 80 grados.
REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN PASSIVE VOICE.
1. He opens the door. - A door is opened by him.
2. We set the table. -
3. She pays a lot of money. -
4. I draw a picture. -
5. They wear blue shoes. -
6. They don't help you. -
7. He doesn't open the book. -
8. You do not write the letter. -
9. Does your mum pick you up? -
10. Does the police officer catch the thief? -

REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN PASSIVE VOICE.
1. She sang a song. -
A song wa
A song was sung by her.
2. Somebody hit me. -
3. We stopped the bus. -
4. A thief stole my car. -
5. They didn't let him go. -
6. She didn't win the prize. -
7. They didn't make their beds. -
8. I did not tell them. -
9. Did you tell them? -
10. Did he send the letter? -

The difference in meaning between the simple and
continuous
A new house is built in our street. (The house is finished.)
A new house is being built in our street. (They are building it these days, it is
not finished.)
Convert sentences from the active to the passive voice.

a) They grow coffee in Kenya.

b) A crocodile ate him in 1973.

c) They make fans in Spain.

d) The Romans built the bridge 2000 years ago.

e) Have they cleaned the swimming pool yet?

f) They sent her an invitation.

g) They asked him to leave.

h) They'll serve you lunch on the plane.

j) They fined him $100.

k) They will tell you your results next week.


THE FIRST SENTENCE IS IN THE ACTIVE VOICE. CHOOSE
THE MOST CORRECT WAY OF SAYING THE SAME THING IN
THE PASSIVE VOICE:


1. They were interviewing her for the job.
She ________________ for the job.
was being interviewed
was interviewed
has been interviewed

2. Tom is writing the letter.
The letter ________________ by Tom.
was written
is being written
has been written

3. Everyone understands English.
English ________________ by everyone.
is understood
has been understood
was understood

4. The employees brought up this issue during the meeting.
This issue ________________ by the employees during the meeting.
has been brought up
is brought up
was brought up
5. The professor told him not to talk in class.
He ________________ by the professor not to talk in class.
has been told
was told
was being told
6. They say that women are smarter than men.
Women ________________ to be smarter than men.
were being said
were said
are said
7. The fire has destroyed the house.
The house ________________ by the fire.
has been destroyed
was being destroyed
is destroyed
8. She would have told you.
You ________________ by her.
would have been told
would be told
were being told

9. She would reject the offer.
The offer ________________ by her.
will have been rejected
would be rejected
will be rejected
10. This surprises me.
I ________________ by this.
would have been surprised
will be surprised
am surprised

Form passive voice in appropriate tenses for the following exercise.

1.(TV / invent / Baird)
TV was invented by Baird.


2.(Pyramids / build / Egyptians)


3.(milk / produce / cows)


4.(coffee / grow / in Brazil)


5.(chopsticks / use / in China)


6.(plants / water / everyday)


7.(the robber / arrest / policeman / yesterday)


8.(injured marines / take to a hospital / now)


9.(the truck / repair / tomorrow)


10.(the letters / send / last week)