- Questions from every lecture

- Same nature as clicker questions

First Lecture:
Understand examples scientist, what they did, what does this mean (ecology of
forest birds macarther forest warblers and competition detailed observations,
large-scale experiments of schindler, what was the point, why did he show that
nitrogen was the limiting factor, why was this not clear in lab experiments, long
term studies of pollen by Davis)

Second Lecture:
Inclusive fitness - Hamilton
Altruism
Cooperative Breeders: African Lions (Packer and Pusey)
- When these groups are large, are they made of related or unrelated?
- First and second ranked males sire most cubs
- While third and fourth ranked males rarely sire cubs
- Males in coalitions of two or three are often unrelated while larger coalitions
are rarely made up of unrelated individuals
Sociality and Eusociality
Eusocial species ants and naked mole rats (similarities and differences)
Mate choice: guppies (Endler)
- Natural selection and predation (undistinguishable)
- Sexual selection (colourful)
Sexual Conflict in Water Striders

Third:
Trade-offs btw survival, offspring #, size
Classification of Life histories
- R and K selection
- (review the table)
- Understand Charnovs description of life histories (reproductive life span,
reproductive effort per unit adult mortality, relative offspring size)

Fourth:
Distribution Limits
Distribution Patterns
- when do you get random, regular, clumped
Metapoputlations
- Metapopulations and extinction risks (butterflies)
Commonness and Rarity
- 3 factors
- Geographic Range, Habitat tolerance, local population size
- 8 combinations, only 1 refers to a common species
- Know rarity I, Rarity II, rarity III
- Create a chart

Sixth:
Survivorship curves
- Look at the age composition of the population
- Type I (most mortality late in life), II, III (most mortality early in life)

Population growth:
Different types of growth
- Geometric (annual species that produces only once and dies)
- Exponential (overlapping)
- The graph is not noticeable
- These are both is resources are abundant
- Logistic population growth resources are limiting
- Growth rate slows and then stops
- When do we get the maximum productivity?
- Relate this to the fish examples that we had
Realized per capita rate of increase r
- Straight line that goes from rmax to r=0 at K

Competition:
Lotka Volterra equations
- Self-thinning in plants
- Selfthinning rule
- Understand the different LV plots

Herbivory and Predation:
- Hare and lynx example
- Trip trophic interaction (food resources, predators preying on the hare)
- Hares are able to affect their food resources

Origins of HIV
- How do we know it was spread from chimps to humans
- What factors are important

SARS
- herd immunity