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English Language Certificates


The following pages offer helpful guidelines and assist in differentiating
between the growing 60 number of English language certificates.
Following a description of each certificate, you can find detailed
information about the respective test modules, test ranges and evaluation,
and links to Internet sites offering further information on the subject.
20 Certificates for pupils and students

list of English language certificates designed especially for students and
graduates.
12 Certificates for teachers

list of English language certificates designed especially for teachers and
instructors.
8 Certificates for young learners

list of English language certificates designed especially for younger
learners.
20 Certificates for special purposes

List of English language certificates designed for those studying English
for a specific purpose.
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Certificates for pupils and students

Examination for the Certificate of Competency in English (ECCE)

ECCE is an English language proficiency test at an intermediate level
that emphasizes communicative use of English rather than a formalistic
knowledge of English, and it is aimed at students who are able to
function and perform communicative transactions in all four skill areas of
the language (speaking, listening, reading, and writing).
Structure
Speaking; a structured oral interaction using picture prompts (15
minutes)
Listening; short conversations followed by a question with pictured
answer choices and extended talk that has been broken down into
segments (30 minutes)
Grammar, vocabulary, reading; three parts, multiple-choice, 100 items
(80 minutes)
Writing; printed prompt followed by a choice of letter or essay response
(30 minutes)
Results
Fail, low pass, pass, high pass
Current information about examination dates, place and fees can be
found on the following website:
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Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English (ECPE)

The ECPE was established by the English Language Institute at the
University of Michigan. The exam is an advanced-level general ESL/EFL
proficiency test that is designed to evaluate both oracy (listening-
speaking) and literacy (reading-writing) skills. The content and difficulty
of the ECPE reflect the English language skills required of a university-
level adult. The exam is not specifically designed for students wishing to
study in the USA, as it is not necessarily a language requirement exam
made for university admission. However, scores can be converted to a
Michigan English Language Assessment Battery result. Many
educational institutions and businesses in several countries recognize this
certificate as a sufficient proof of English language proficiency.
Structure
The ECPE Final Examination consists of the following parts:
Speaking test, in the form of a one-to-one interview, containing both
short interchanges and longer discourse (10-15 minutes)
Impromptu essay written on one of two assigned topics (30 minutes)
A 50-item multiple-choice listening comprehension test (30 minutes)
A 120-item multiple-choice grammar, comprehension, vocabulary and
reading test (75 minutes)
Results
Fail, pass, honors
Listening: below 60-65%, above 60-65%, above 90%
GCVR: below 60-65%, above 60-65%, above 90%
Writing: D, C B, A
Speaking: 1, 2

3, 4
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Michigan English Language Assessment Battery (MELAB)

The MELAB was established by the English Language Institute at the
University of Michigan. It is an English language proficiency test at an
advanced level designed for non-native speakers who need English to
study at a college or university level. The MELAB is considered one
alternative to the TOEFL exam. The examination measures the
candidate's ability in the four basic language skill areas: reading, writing,
listening and speaking. The test has duration of 2.5 to 3.5 hours.
Structure
Composition; 200-300 words (30 minutes)
Listening; 50 questions (25 minutes)
Grammar, comprehension, vocabulary, reading; 100 questions (75
minutes)
Optional speaking test; a conversation between an oral examiner and an
examinee. The examiner will consider your fluency and intelligibility,
your grammar and vocabulary, and your comprehension (15 minutes)
Results
There is no official "passing score" on the MELAB. However, different
institutions and organizations, which accept MELAB scores, may require
certain minimum scores for their purposes. A Final MELAB score of
between 80 and 85 with no individual score below 80 is usually required.
Validity
Scores are valid for up to two years. Students will receive an unofficial
copy of their results, whereas official reports will be sent to institutions
of the student's choice.
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Oral Assessments in EAL (English as an Acquired Language)

The Oral Assessments in EAL were established by the English Speaking
Board (International) Ltd. and are designed for non-native English
speakers. The certificate is available on different levels: pre-foundation,
foundation, intermediate and advanced. Each level from foundation to
advanced has three stages. Examinations at all levels comprise speaking
and reading tasks. The total testing time is four to 12 minutes (pre-
foundation and foundation), 12-18 minutes (intermediate), or 50-60
minutes (advanced).
Structure
Section 1: Presenting a speech; each candidate talks for three or four
minutes on a topic of personal interest.
Section 2: Reading to communicate; this reading should be prepared and
practiced beforehand.
Section 3: Meeting situations; the assessor will suggest a simple,
practical situation for each pair of candidates.
Section 4: Interacting within a group; the candidate is expected to enter
into conversation and brief discussion throughout the assessment,
communicating personal opinions.
Results
A full written report with the level of attainment is given to the candidate
after assessment. Grades include fail, pass, credit and distinction.
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Cambridge Key English Test

These are the world's leading range of certificates for learners of English
and are offered in five different levels. They all measure the ability of the
learners to use the different language structures and function in everyday
life situations.
The different levels of the exams are based on a scale of 1-5 (Level 1:
knowledge in English is low; Level 5: proficient knowledge in English).
The sequence of examinations is not compulsory; it is possible for one to
determine their own knowledge and to pass the exam for a certain level
accordingly.
Level
Low (1); KET is especially designed for learners, who have basic English
skills. Level A2 of the Council of Europe's Common European
Framework of Reference for Languages
Structure of exams
Listening (approx. 25 minutes)
Reading Comprehension and Writing (approx. one hour and 10 minutes)
Speaking - in a form of a discussion between two examiners and two
examinees (approx. 8-10 minutes)
Results
Pass with merit, pass, narrow fail, fail
Period of validity
The grade a candidate achieves does not have a limited period of validity.
It remains valid indefinitely.
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Cambridge Preliminary English Test (PET)

These are the world's leading range of certificates for learners of English
and are offered in five different levels. They all measure the ability of the
learners to use the different language structures and function in everyday
life situations. The different levels of the exams are based on a scale on
1-5 (Level 1: knowledge in English is low; Level 5: proficient knowledge
in English). The sequence of examinations is not compulsory; it is
possible for one to determine their own knowledge and to pass the exam
for a certain level accordingly.
Level
Low (2); PET is specially designed for people whose English is adequate
for many practical purposes, including work, study and social interaction.
Level B1 of the Council of Europe's Common European Framework of
Reference for Languages
Structure of exams
Listening (approx. 30 minutes)
Reading and writing (approx. 90 minutes)
Speaking (approx. 10 minutes)
Results
Pass with Merit, Pass, Narrow Fail, Fail
Period of validity
No temporal delimitation
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Cambridge First Certificate in English (FCE)

These are the world's leading range of certificates for learners of English
and are offered in five different levels. They all measure the ability of the
learners to use the different language structures and function in everyday
life situations.
The different levels of the exams are based on a scale of 1-5 (Level 1:
knowledge in English is low; Level 5: proficient knowledge in English).
The sequence of examinations is not compulsory; it is possible for one to
determine their own knowledge and to pass the exam for a certain level
accordingly.
Level
Average (3); FCE is especially designed for learners whose command of
English is adequate for many practical everyday purposes, including
business and study. Level B2 of the Council of Europe's Common
European Framework of Reference for Languages
Structure of Exams
Listening (approx. 40 minutes)
Reading (approx. 75 minutes)
Writing (approx. 90 minutes)
Use of English (approx. 75 minutes)
Speaking (approx. 14 minutes)
Results
Passing grades: A, B, C
Failing grades: D, E
Period of validity
No temporal delimitation
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Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English (CAE)

These are the world's leading range of certificates for learners of English
and are offered in five different levels. They all measure the ability of the
learners to use the different language structures and function in everyday
life situations.
The different levels of exams are based on a scale of one to five (Level 1:
knowledge in English is low; Level 5: proficient knowledge in English).
The sequence of examinations is not compulsory; it is possible for one to
determine their own knowledge and to pass the exam for a certain level
accordingly.
Level
High (4), CAE is specially designed for learners who are reaching a
standard of English that is adequate for most purposes, including
business and study. Level C1 of the Council of Europe's Common
European Framework of Reference for Languages
Structure of exams
Listening (approx. 45 minutes)
Reading (approx. 75 minutes
Writing (approx. 120 minutes)
Use of English (approx. 90 minutes)
Speaking (approx. 15 minutes)
Results
Passing grades: A, B, C
Failing grades: D, E
Period of validity
No temporal delimitation
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Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE)

These are the world's leading range of certificates for learners of English
and are offered in five different levels. They all measure the ability of the
learners to use the different language structures and function in everyday
life situations.
The different levels of exams are based on a scale of 1-5 (Level 1:
knowledge in English is low; Level 5: proficient knowledge in English).
The sequence of examinations is not compulsory; it is possible for one to
determine their own knowledge and to pass the exam for a certain level
accordingly.
Level
Very high (5); CPE is a very advanced level exam approaching a
standard of English similar to that of an educated native speaker. Level
C2 of the Council of Europe's Common European Framework of
Reference for Languages. As such it fulfils entry requirements for
university study in English and is recognized by many professional
bodies worldwide.
Structure of exams
Listening (approx. 40 minutes)
Reading (approx. 90 minutes)
Writing (approx. 120 minutes)
Use of English (approx. 90 minutes)
Speaking (approx. 15 minutes)
Results
Pass Grades: A, B, C
Fail Grades: D, E
Period of validity
No temporal delimitation
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Pitman Qualifications

The Pitman Qualifications are recognized internationally by many
employers and universities. The examination covers three important
certificates:
English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL)
The ESOL examination is suitable for learners who learn English for
general purposes and who live in an English-language area. The
examinee will have to demonstrate skills in reading, writing and
listening.
Spoken English for Speakers of Other Languages (SESOL)
The SESOL is ideal for those seeking to gain recognition for their ability
to speak English in everyday life. The examination consists of a one-to-
one interview which is recorded and assessed. ESOL and SESOL
together cover the four skills in English: reading, writing, listening and
speaking.
Young Learners English for Speakers of Other Languages (YESOL)
The YESOL is for young learners at basic and elementary levels. The
assessment includes topics that appeal to young learners aged between
eight and 13 years such as toys, hobbies, animals/pets and science fiction.
Structure
Basic level: knowledge is very low (1)
Elementary level: knowledge is very low (1)
Intermediate level: knowledge is low (2)
Higher intermediate level: knowledge is average (3)
Advanced level: knowledge is high (4)
Results
First class: more than 75% of all attainable points
Pass: more than 60% of all attainable points
Fail: less than 60% of all attainable points
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Graduate Management Admission Test Computer (GMAT CAT)

The primarily multiple-choice test is administered by the Education
Testing Service (ETS) and is used by management schools for admission
into their MBA programs. The GMAT program also assists students in
their transition to graduate education through a variety of services and
publications.
Structure of exam
Quantitative section; measures quantitative ability and includes 37
problem solving and data sufficiency questions (75 minutes)
Verbal section; includes 41 reading comprehension, critical reasoning
and sentence correction questions (75 minutes)
Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) section; measures proficiency in
analytical writing and includes two writing tasks (30 minutes each)
Results
Scores vary up to 800 points
Medium score: approximately 500
Excellent score: 600-800
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Graduate Record Examinations (GRE)

The GRE is designed to assess academic knowledge and skills relevant to
graduate study. As it is measured with known statistical properties and
high-quality technical characteristics, the scores from these tests can
improve graduate admissions and fellowship selection processes. The
examinee must be in control of standard written English and show good
analytical skills when evaluating text, relationships, etc.
Paper-based test
The paper-based GRE contains five sections. In addition, one
unidentified pretest section may be included and this section can appear
in any position in the test after the analytical writing section. Questions in
the pretest section are being tested for possible use in future tests and
answers will not count toward your score.
Analytical writing; one issue task (45 minutes) and one argument task
(30 minutes)
Verbal; two sections with 38 questions each (60 minutes)
Quantitative; two sections with 30 questions (60 minutes each)
Pretest; An unidentified verbal or quantitative pretest section may be
included and may appear in any order after the analytical writing section.
It is not counted as part of your score
Computer-based test
The computer-based test contains four sections, one of which is an
unidentified pretest section that can appear in any position in the test after
the analytical writing section and will not count toward your scores. An
identified research section that is not scored may also be included and
this section would always appear in the final section of the test.
Analytical writing; (60 minutes)
Verbal; A total of 30 questions (30 minutes)
Quantitative; A total of 28 questions (45 minutes)
Pretest
Research
Results
A verbal score reported on a 200-800 score scale, in 10-point increments
A quantitative score reported on a 200-800 score scale, in 10-point increments
An analytical writing score reported on 0-6 score scale, in half-point increments
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The International English Language Testing System (IELTS)

The IELTS tests the complete range of English language skills that are
commonly encountered by students when studying or training in English.
The exam is an entrance requirement for many higher education
institutions and gives the right to study at most English-language
universities. Reading and writing modules specific to either academic or
general training can be taken according to future plans. One should
choose the academic reading and writing module if they are planning to
undertake academic study in a higher education institution.
Level
Low (2) to very high (5), depending on the number of points acquired.
Structure of exam
Listening comprehension; a variety of question types are used for the 40
items, including multiple choice, short-answer questions, chart
completion, sentence completion, studying a diagram and matching
Reading comprehension; consists of texts of general interest dealing with
issues, which are appropriate for, and accessible to, candidates entering
postgraduate or undergraduate courses
Written expression; requires candidates to write personal semi-formal or
formal correspondence, or to write on a given topic as part of a simulated
class assignment
Speaking comprehension; five sections, including an introduction,
extended discourse on some familiar topic, a phase where candidates are
given a task card and encouraged to take the initiative and ask questions
to elicit information, speculation and discussion about future plans and a
conclusion
Results
The results are classified in nine levels (e.g. Level 1: non-user; Level 9:
expert-user)
The minimum score for permission varies depending upon the university;
the average required score for British universities is 6-6.5
Period of validity
The results of the IELTS are valid for two years.
Characteristics
The Australian government requires the IELTS-Exam as a proof of language proficiency for
an immigration request.
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SAT I - Reasoning Test

More than 80% of all four-year colleges and universities require SAT
scores as a part of a student's application for admission. Colleges and
universities (mainly in the USA) use SAT scores as an objective means to
compare students attending different high schools.
Structure of Exam
The SAT I is a three-hour exam. These test sections may appear in any
order and you will not be able to identify the experimental section. You
will see the following sections on your test day. The verbal section
includes three different types of questions: sentence completion, analogy
questions and critical reading questions. The math section includes three
types of questions: multiple-choice questions, quantitative comparison
questions and grid-in questions, also called student-produced responses.
Results
The SAT results are comprised of three different scores: a total score
(400-1600), a separate score for the verbal section (200-800) and a
separate score for the mathematics section (200-800).
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SAT II - Objective Test

The SAT II subject tests are one hour, primarily multiple-choice tests that
measure your knowledge of particular subjects and your ability to apply
that knowledge. Many universities may require you to take this along
with the SAT I.
Structure of exam
Writing, literature, American history and social studies, world history,
math IC, math IIC, biology, biology E/M, chemistry, physics, Chinese
listening, French reading, French listening, German reading, German
listening, modern Hebrew, Italian, Japanese listening, Korean listening,
Latin, Spanish listening, Spanish reading, English language proficiency.
Results
SAT results are comprised of three different scores: a total score (400-
1600), a separate score for a verbal section (200-800) and a separate
score for a mathematics section (200-800).
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Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)

Measures the ability of non-native speakers to use and understand
North American English for the purposes of learning in higher
education institutions. This means an advanced understanding of
the English language as it is written, heard and spoken in college
and university settings. TOEFL is the worldwide recognized
language test for university entry in the USA and Canada as well
as an entrance qualification for a variety of international degree
programs all over the world. It is possible to pass the exam using a
computer-based or paper-based version.
Level
Low (2) to very high (5), level depends on the number of points
acquired
Structure of exams
Computer-based TOEFL (approx. 240 minutes)
Listening comprehension; based on 30-50 questions and measures the
ability to understand English as it is spoken in North America.
Structure; based on 20-25 questions and measures the ability to recognize
language that is appropriate for standard written English.
Reading comprehension; based on 44-55 questions and measures the
ability to understand short passages that are similar in topic and style to
academic texts used in North American colleges and universities.
Written expression; based on the TWE (Test of Written English) which is
a part of the TOEFL examination and is in the form of an essay on an
assigned topic (approx. 30 minutes)
Paper-based TOEFL (approx. 210 minutes)
Listening comprehension; based on 30-50 questions
Structure; based on 20-25 questions
Reading comprehension
Written expression; based on TWE (TEST of Written English) which is a
part of the TOEFL examination and includes an essay on an assigned
topic (approx. 30 minutes)
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Results
The results are based on a points rationing scheme
Computer-based TOEFL: 40-300 points
Paper-based TOEFL: 310-677 points
The minimum score for permission varies depending upon the
universities and usually lies between 500-600 grade points in most of
them.
Period of validity
Results from the TOEFL Exam are valid for two years
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Test of Spoken English (TSE)

Examines the verbal expression ability of non-native speakers in the
university field to use and understand English in an academic or
professional environment. It provides accurate, valid and reliable
assessments for candidate of graduate assistantships, employent, or
licensure and certification.
Level
Low (2) to very high (5) depending on the number of points acquired
Structure of exams
Verbal expression based on nine questions (approx. 20 minutes):
Part 1: Tell a story on a six-picture sequence and answer a related
question
Part 2: Describe a graph and answer a related question
Part 3: Respond to two questions about ideas
Part 4: Respond to three questions by taking the part of someone in a
workplace situation
Results
The validation is based on a point system (scale 20-60). The evaluation
of the acquired points varies depending upon universities. There is no
general evaluation.
Period of validity
Results from the TSE Exam are valid for two years
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University Entrance Test in English for Speakers of Other

Languages (UETESOL)

The UETESOL was established by the Northern Examinations and
Assessment Board (NEAB). The UETESOL is designed to assess
language and related study skills required in undergraduate courses in
higher education; it is especially suitable for students intending to study
engineering, business studies, social sciences and science. The test is not
considered adequate for students wishing to pursue English or literary
studies.
Structure
Writing, editing and reading; The writing section consists of one paper
and tests accuracy, organization interpretation and discursive skills. The
editing section looks at the range of vocabulary, accuracy of grammar,
and the correction of errors. Reading addresses information retrieval,
manipulation of application of information and comprehension (two hour
and 45 minutes).
Listening; tests note-taking and ordering, interpreting and selecting
information, prioritising information and comprehension (45 minutes).
Speaking; An interview conducted by an external examiner. Tests
fluency, grammar range and accuracy, pronunciation, flexibility and
range of vocabulary and communication (10 minutes).
Results
Results of each of the skill areas are marked A-D, where A is the
command of formal English, B is functional English, but clearly not that
of a native speaker, C is minimally competent English, which will require
support form other skill areas, D is failing
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Oxford and ARELS Examinations

The Oxford Examination was established by the University of Oxford
Delegacy of Local Examinations (UODLE) and since 1995 is part of the
University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES). The
Oxford-ARELS examinations are designed as complementary English
language proficiency tests, serving as proof of the examinee's practical
communication skills. The Oxford exams test reading and writing skills,
the ARELS exams test speaking and listening skills.
The Oxford Preliminary Examination
The Oxford Preliminary Examination is based on the specifications for
the Council of Europe's waystage level. Candidates should be able to
communicate in English in a limited number of standard everyday
situations. The required level of proficiency is usually reached after a
minimum of 300-400 hours of English language tuition.
The Oxford Higher Examination
The Oxford exam is based on the specifications for the Council of
Europe's threshold level. Candidates should be able to deal with most
everyday situations in social contexts.
The ARELS Higher Examination
The ARELS Higher Examination is based on the specifications for the
Council of Europe's threshold level. The exam is comprised of six
sections: free oral expression, social responses, intelligible speech, aural
comprehension, sustained speaking and oral accuracy.
Structure
Oxford: reading and writing sections
ARELS: listening and speaking sections
Results
pass
pass with credit
pass with distinction
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UNIcert English

UNIcert English is a standard foreign-language certificate at the
university level that is recognised by universities and employers. To
obtain a UNIcert certificate, you have to take certain courses at the
university language centre and take a written and oral exam. UNIcert
consists of four different levels, and the UNIcert certificate at each level
can be acquired after taking a prescribed number of courses at that level.
The number of courses varies to a certain extent depending on the
language and level. You should have five to seven years of school
English. An entrance test must be passed in order to proceed to UNIcert.
Structure
Written part: writing and reading
Oral part: listening and speaking
Results
Pass/not pass. It should be stated clearly that at all four levels all
individual sections of the examination must at least have been passed if a
UNIcert certificate is to be awarded.
Current information about examination dates, place and fees can be
found on the web pages of the German universities offering this exam
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Certificates for teachers

The ARELS Certificate in Teaching One-to-One

The ARELS Certificate in Teaching One-to-One was
established by ARELS, and is certificated and moderated by
Trinity College. It is designed for teachers who have an initial
TESL/TESOL qualification. Candidates must have an English
language proficiency at a native speaker level; they should also
have some experience in teaching one to one. Full-time tuition
(25 hours) and a follow-up project must be completed.
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Certificate in English Language Teaching to Adults (CELTA)

The CELTA course is designed for candidates without any
previous teaching experience. Candidates must be 20 years old
and have a standard of education allowing entry to higher
education in their own country. CELTA courses are arranged by
the individual centres and are approved by UCLES. The courses
last four weeks (intensive courses), or from four months up to a
year (part-time courses) and include a minimum of 114 hours.
Structure
There is no final exam; candidates are assessed on a continuous
basis with regard to the following three assessment areas:
teaching practice, professional development and written
assignments.
Results
There are three grades: Pass, Pass 'B' and Pass 'A'.
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Cambridge Examination in English for Language Teachers (CEELT)

The CEELT was established by UCLES. The CEELT is an
assessment of the language competence (not the methodology)
of non-native teachers and student teachers of English. The test
is available at two levels of difficulty, upper intermediate (Level
1) and advanced (Level 2). Both levels include video-based
group oral tests. The CEELT can be taken at approved
examination centres in the UK and abroad.
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Certificate in English Language Teaching to Young Learners in

Language Schools (CELTYL)

CELTYL shows that you have the skills needed to teach English
to children or teenagers in language schools. This international
qualification gives you a solid basis in the fundamentals of
teaching language and the confidence to take control of young
learners in the classroom. A minimum of 100 course contact
hours, six hours supervised and assessed practical teaching, and
eight hours directed teaching are required.
Structure
Candidates will be assessed on a continuous basis in the
following areas: teaching practice, professional development,
and written assignments. There is no final exam. The certificate
is available for the following three age groups: 5-10 years, 8-13
years, and 11-16 years.
Results
To be awarded the Certificate, you must pass all three
components. There are three grades: Pass, Pass 'B' and Pass 'A'.
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Certificate in Teaching English for Business (CertEd)

The CertEd was established by the London Chamber of
Commerce and Industry. It is designed for teachers who have
little or no experience teaching English for Business (50 hours
tuition). It serves as proof of basic practical skills required to
teach in this area, including business and social communication
skills. LCCI (London Chamber of Commerce and Industry)
qualifications are recognized internationally by universities,
employers, ministries and professional bodies.
Structure
Assessed by a mixture of continuous assessment and written
assignment, candidates are expected to display a range of
practical knowledge and skills required to teach in this area
including: business communication skills, teaching one-to-one
and social English for business people.
Results
No final exam.
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Trinity Certificate in the Teaching of English to Speakers of Other

Languages (CertTESOL)

The CertTESOL is designed for teachers of English to speakers
of other languages who have had little or no teaching
experience. Candidates may be native or non-native speakers of
English; however, a high standard of English language
proficiency is required. Besides, candidates must have a good
standard of general education; depending on the individual
institution running the certificate course, candidates are
sometimes required to have graduate-level education or the
equivalent. Before a certificate can be awarded, candidates will
have to complete a certificate course with at least 120 tuition
hours.
Structure
Students are required to produce four or five written
assignments during the course and these may include a test of
grammar and/or phonology. You will also have to complete a
minimum of six hours teaching practice with genuine learners of
English. All the above will have to be completed to the
recognised standard.
Results
All key components of the course must be passed in order to get
a certificate.
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Certificate in the Teaching of English to Young Learners

(CertTEYL)

The CertTEYL was established by Trinity College London and
is designed for teachers of primary level children. Candidates
may be native or non-native speakers of English. Before a
certificate can be awarded, candidates will have to complete a
certificate course with at least 140 hours tuition.
Structure
Candidates are assessed on an ongoing basis in terms of
teaching practice, professional development and written
assignments. There is no final exam. The certificate is available
for teaching three separate age groups i.e. 5-10 years, 8-13 years
and 11-16 years.
Results
CELTYL courses are available at recognized centres and
successful students are awarded either a 'pass', 'pass grade B' or
'pass grade A'. Candidates who pass the CELTYL course
receive an endorsement of their CELTA award. Candidates will
need to contact the individual centres for course dates.
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Specialist Certificate in Teaching English for Industry and

Commerce (CertTEFIC)

The CertTEFIC was established by Trinity College London and
is designed for those foreign English teachers who already
possess the TESOL or equivalent. A minimum of six months
teaching experience is required. The certificate serves as an
additional qualification for those teaching Business English and
focuses on English business vocabulary and issues pertaining to
business, industry and commerce.
Structure
The tuition involves 50 contact hours and a post-course project.
Results
All key components of the course must be passed in order to get
a certificate.
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In-service Certificate in English Language Teaching (ICELT)

ICELT is ideal if you already teach English in a specific
context. This qualification can help you to deepen your
knowledge and develop your ability to reflect on and improve
your teaching. Your level of English should be at least level B2
of the Common European Framework of Reference for
Languages but ICELT is also suitable for native speakers of
English. ICELT is a new qualification, developed to replace the
Certificate for Overseas Teachers of English (COTE).
Structure
ICELT is divided into two modules. You can take module one
as a stand-alone module or progress to module two to achieve
the full ICELT qualification.
Module One: Language for teachers (assessment component 1);
you will complete four to six tasks designed to improve your
use of English for teaching purposes. The number of tasks
depends on whether you are taking module one only or in
combination with module two.
Module Two: Teaching (assessment component 2) and
methodology (Assessment component 3); You will complete
four classroom-related written assignments.
Results
You will be awarded an overall grade of pass, merit or
distinction as well as component grades of pass, merit or
distinction.
32

Diploma in English Language Teaching to Adults (DELTA)

DELTA replaces the Cambridge DTEFLA (Diploma in
Teaching English as a Foreign Language to Adults) and DOTE
(Diploma for Overseas Teachers of English). DELTA is
designed for both native and non-native speakers of English, to
provide specialized training for teachers of English with at least
two years of full-time teaching experience of ELT to adults
(1,200 hours). Candidates must be at least 21 years old and must
have a standard of education allowing entry to higher education
in their own country; usually candidates have had further
training in ELT. Courses are arranged by the individual centers
and are approved by UCLES. The courses have a duration of
two to three months (full-time courses), or of eight to nine
months (part-time courses), and include a minimum of 140
hours.
Structure
The candidates' assessment is comprised of two components:
course work (seven teaching and written assignments), extended
assignment (case study) and an examination
Results
To be awarded the Diploma, you must pass all three
components. There are two grades - pass and distinction.
33

Foundation Certificate for Teachers of Business English (FTBE)

The FTBE was established by the London Chamber of
Commerce and Industry and is designed as a supplementary
qualification for qualified teachers of general English, providing
them with an introduction to Teaching Business English (TBE).
For candidates, some experience of general English teaching to
adults is useful, but not required. Candidates should be either
native speakers with a language teaching or a basic English as a
Foreign Language (EFL) qualification; or non-native speakers
teaching English with a first degree plus a formal English
teaching qualification.
Structure
The exam covers the following areas: professional skills,
methodology and materials, and basic business concepts and
practices.
Results
The following pass grades are available: 'pass' (50%), 'credit'
(60%), and 'distinction' (75%).
34

Trinity Licentiate Diploma for Teaching English to Speakers of

Other Languages (LTCL TESOL)

The LTCL Diploma is for those with a first degree or equivalent
and at least two years of full-time ESOL teaching experience,
plus an aptitude for academic study. This examination requires a
high level of competence in spoken and written English as
appropriate for a teacher of the language. The LTCL Diploma is
accredited at Level 5 by the QCA (Qualifications and
Curriculum Authority) in the UK National Qualifications
Framework. Employers worldwide, including the British
Council, accept the LTCL Diploma as a full TESOL
qualification.
Structure
The exam consist of the following parts:
Part 1; written paper
Part 2; coursework portfolio
Part 3; interview
Part 4; classroom teaching
Results
To be awarded the Diploma, you must pass all four components.
35

Certificates for young learners

Senior English Test (SET)

The SET was established by the Associated Examining Board
(AEB). In April 2000, AEB was merged with the Northern
Examinanations and Assessment Board (NEAB), forming the
Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA).
Structure
The SET is an English language proficiency test designed for
students aged 14-16. Currently, two levels are available:
Level 1 (14-15 years)
Level 2 (15-16 years)
Both levels test reading and writing skills as well as listening
comprehension.
Results
There is no pass/fail. All candidates are awarded a certificate
indicating the achieved percentage for the individual test
sections. Results are available within 10 working days after
taking the exam.
36

Secondary School Admission Test (SSAT)

The SSAT is used primarily as an entry examination by
American boarding and day schools. The test is comprised of a
mathematical and a verbal section. The verbal section includes a
writing sample (essay) and multiple-choice questions. The essay
is not scored; it is sent to the schools and serves as a mean to
assessing the student's writing skills.
The SSAT test is administered on two different levels:
Lower (for students currently in grades 5-7)
Upper (for students currently in grades 8-11)
Structure
The test is timed and divided into five sections. You are given
25 minutes to complete the writing sample and 30-40 minutes to
complete each of four multiple-choice sections.
Part 1: Writing; includes one topic statement, which you will
be asked to support or argue, using specific examples from
personal experience, current events, history or literature.
Part 2: Multiple-choice sections; two math sections, verbal and
reading comprehension sections
Results
Results are given on a scale from one to 99 (maximum score).
The required minimum score for admission varies from school
to school. Reports are sent to schools within two weeks after the
examination; copies of the report will be sent to students four to
seven days after that.
37

Cambridge Young Learners English Tests (YLE)

These tests are an enjoyable and non-threatening way of
assessing the English of children between the ages of seven and
12. There are three levels:
flyers (at Level A2 of the Council of Europe's Common
European Framework of Reference for Languages)
movers (at Level A1)
starters (below Level A1).
Structure
Reading and writing; this is a paper and pencil test with texts
that are short and constrained by a specified set of words and
structures (starters: 20 minutes, movers: 30 minutes, flyers: 40
minutes).
Listening; this is also a paper and pencil test which includes
listening to short recorded dialogues involving both child and
adult speakers, and perform simple operations such as drawing
lines, selecting, matching and colouring (starters and flyers: 20
minutes, movers: 25 minutes)
Speaking; this is a face-to-face test with suitably qualified,
experienced and trained Examiners. Children perform various
activities in response to prompts and give simple information
about themselves (five to 10 minutes)
Results
There is no pass or fail. Every child who attempts all three
components will receive an award showing a number of shields
(Cambridge crests) up to five for each component. The
minimum award for children who have attempted all three
components is an award with one shield for each component.
Validity
Once awarded, Cambridge ESOL YLE certificates are valid for
life.
38

ARELS Examination and Oxford Examination-Junior

Counterpart

The ARELS and Oxford Preliminary Examination - Junior
Counterpart were established by the University of Oxford
Delegacy of Local Examinations (UODLE), which is part of the
University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate
(UCLES). The Oxford-ARELS examinations are designed as
complementary English language proficiency tests, serving as
proof of the examinee's practical communication skills. The
Oxford exams test reading and writing skills, the ARELS exams
test speaking and listening skills. The format and level of the
Junior Counterpart exam are identical to the ARELS
Preliminary Examination, the subject matter is adjusted for
candidates aged 12 to 17.
Structure
Social English
Aural comprehension
Extended speaking
Results
Results are available within seven weeks of taking the exam.
There are three passing grades: 'pass', 'good pass', 'very good
pass'. Candidates who pass both exams, Oxford and ARELS
Preliminary Examination (Junior Counterpart), can obtain a
joint certificate.
39

Junior English Test (JET)

The JET series was established by the Associated Examining
Board (AEB). In April 2000, AEB was merged with the
Northern Examinanations and Assessment Board (NEAB),
forming the Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA).
The JET series comprises English language proficiency tests for
children aged six to 14 years who speak English as a second or
foreign language. JET is available at five progressive levels,
designed for different age groups (however, there are no age
limits to take the JET).
Structure
Foundation Level (6-7 years)
Level 1 (7-8 years)
Level 2 (9-10 years)
Level 3 (11-13 years)
Level 4 (13-14 years)
The JET Foundation Level tests reading and listening
comprehension skills; Levels 1-4 test reading, writing and
listening comprehension skills.
Results
There is no fail/pass. All candidates are awarded a certificate
indicating the achieved percentage for the individual test
sections. Results are available within 10 working days after
taking the exam.
40

EAL for Schools (Certificate of Success for pre-school and school

children)

EAL qualifications are English language proficiency tests
established by the English Speaking Board (International) Ltd.
for non-native speakers. The EAL qualifications begin with the
Introductory Certificate of Success for pre-school and school
children and may be awarded at two different levels of
difficulty: Level 1 or 2. It allows the candidate to build in
confidence and develop competence in listening and speaking
skills.
Structure
The examination consists of an informal conversation with the
examiner where candidates are assessed in their learning groups,
sitting in a semi-circle with the examiner placed at one end.
Results
A full written report with the level of attainment is given to the
candidate after the assessment with a corresponding
achievement for each section of the syllabus. Grades include
fail, pass, credit and distinction.
41

Secondary Level English Proficiency Test (SLEP)

The Secondary Level English Proficiency Test (SLEP)
measures the ability of non-native speakers to listen, understand
and read in English. The SLEP contains multiple-choice
questions of eight different types.
Structure
Section 1: measures the ability to understand spoken English.
The questions are based on samples of spoken North American
English and test listening comprehension. They do not rely
heavily on written material.
Section 2: measures the ability to understand written English.
Questions cover grammar, vocabulary and reading
comprehension.
The time required for the entire test is approximately 85
minutes.
42

The Independent School Entrance Examination (ISEE)

ISEE is a three-hour test for entrance into private schools for
grades five through 12. The exam may only be taken once every
six months and only if admission to a specific school is planned.
Levels
Lower level for students currently in grades four and five who
are candidates for admission to grades five and six
Middle level for students in grades six and seven who are
candidates for admission to grades seven and eight
Upper level for students in grades eight to eleven who are
candidates for admission to grades nine through twelve
Structure
The lower level exam consists of the following parts:
Verbal reasoning; consists of 40 questions (25 minutes)
Quantitative reasoning; consists of 35 question (35 minutes)
Reading comprehension; consists of 36 questions (40 minutes)
Mathematics achievement; consists of 35 questions (40 minutes)
Essay written in response to an assigned topic (30 minutes)
The middle and upper level exams consist of the following
parts:
Verbal reasoning; consists of 40 questions (20 minutes)
Quantitative reasoning; consists of 35 question (35 minutes)
Reading comprehension; consists of 40 questions on nine essays
(40 minutes)
Mathematics achievement; consists of 45 questions (40 minutes)
Essay written in response to an assigned topic (30 minutes)
Results
The essay is not scored, but it is sent to each school as a sample
of your ability to express yourself in writing.
43

Certificates for special purposes

English for Business (EFB)

The EFB examinations were established by the London
Chamber of Commerce and Industry and are available on four
levels, ranging from basic language skills in written office
communication to the high level ability to write and understand
English regarding diverse business topics. LCCIEB
qualifications are recognized internationally by universities,
employers, ministries and professional bodies.
Structure
The exam comprises three sections: comprehension questions,
answer questions about a business dialogue and a writing task.
Level 1 (Pre-intermediate): Designed for candidates who, as a
part of their job, deal with English-speaking counterparts
regularly in a functional capacity. A basic functional level of
English language skills is required (90 minutes)
Level 2 (Intermediate): This examination is for candidates
whose work involves them in extensive contact with English
speakers. Expected skills include writing and understanding
familiar business correspondence, giving complex instructions
and explanations (two hours)
Level 3 (Upper-intermediate): This examination is aimed at
candidates for whom establishing and sustaining English
speaking business relationships is essential, and at those
considering relocation to an English-speaking country. The
skills attained at this level should be sufficient for the candidate
to participate in all complex areas of business (two hours 30
minutes)
44

Level 4 (Advanced): The highest level of EFB expects
candidates to be fully fluent and participate completely in all
areas of business. This includes reading, understanding and full
fluency expected when discussing and writing about business-
related topics (three hours)
An optional oral test can be included at Levels 2, 3 and 4.
Candidates are given five minutes to prepare for this discussion
and are graded on five areas: vocabulary, comprehension,
fluency and interaction, grammar and pronunciation. The oral
part of the examination is eight minutes (level 2), 10 minutes
(level 3) and 12 minutes (level 4)
Results
Pass / fail exam:
Pass with distinction: 1
Pass with credit: 2
Pass: 3
Fail: 5
45

English Language Skills Assessment (ELSA)

ELSA is aligned to the LCCIEB levels framework and the
Common European Framework. ELSA tests measure
proficiency in English in business related settings. The
examination assesses proficiency levels in all four areas of the
English language: listening, speaking, reading and writing. The
tests are available in both British English and American
English, and they cover all the language skills required for
business, therefore providing proof that candidates can use
English effectively in a business setting.
Structure
Exams consist of four sections:
Listening/reading; multiple-choice format with 60 questions
(two hours five minutes)
Writing I; multiple-choice format with 60 questions (45
minutes)
Writing II; essay (40 minutes)
Speaking; interview with seven parts, (45 minutes)
Results
Separate scores are provided for listening/reading, writing and
speaking test sections. Results for the listening/reading and
writing I sections are available by e-mail within 48 hours of
receipt of answer sheets at ELSA London. Results for writing II
are available by e-mail within 14 days and results for speaking
by e-mail within 28 days.
46

English for Commerce (EFC)

EFC was established by the London Chamber of Commerce and
Industry and serves as a proof of the candidate's knowledge of
written English for business purposes. The exam is available on
three levels, ranging from basic to advanced language skills. For
the advanced levels, candidates are expected to have a
knowledge of business practice and be able to discuss
commercial and economic issues. Non-native speakers are
required to take an oral test at levels 2 and 3.
Structure
Level 1: Designed for candidates with an understanding of
English in a commercial context who have the ability to use the
language at a basic functional level (two hours)
Level 2: This qualification has been developed for candidates
who need to communicate on general commercial topics with
minimal supervision and assistance (two hours 30 minutes)
Level 3: For candidates who possess advanced English
language skills and are comfortable writing a variety of
commercial and industrial documents to business standard
(three hours)
Results
Pass / fail exam
Pass with distinction: 1
Pass with credit: 2
Pass: 3
47

Spoken English Test for Business (Business SET)

The Business SET is a new certificate developed specifically for
candidates who need to use spoken English in the workplace. It
is ideal if you work in an English speaking country or for a
multinational organisational which uses English for internal
communications.
Structure
The exam covers six levels which correspond to the six levels of
the Common European Framework (A1 to C2). The test is
available in three versions, each covering a band of two levels.
The test takes up to 15 minutes. It is in four parts, designed to
let you show how well you can speak English in a range of
business related situations:
Giving personal information
Interacting in common business
Exchanging given information to standard prompts
Presenting a chosen topic related to current news
Results
The Business SET is conducted as a one-to-one structured
conversation with an interlocutor appointed by the centre where
you take the test. At each level a candidate can be awarded a fail
grade, pass grade or distinction.
48

English for Business Communication

The English for Business Communication examinations are a
suite of qualifications in modern, written business English. They
are designed to meet the needs of present day organisations for
fast and accurate communication internationally and test your
ability to perform in real business situations through the
medium of English. This qualification is ideal if you are
preparing for, or already working in an occupation requiring the
ability to read and write business communications in English.
Structure
You can enter the exam at an intermediate, higher intermediate
and advanced level. The examination paper consists of a
selection of realistic documents like letters, memos, e-mails,
faxes and reports. You will have to draft appropriate replies or
write similar documents in accordance with instructions. In
recognition of the realistic nature of the examination tasks, you
may use a monolingual (English-English) or bilingual dictionary
in the examination, and may use a typewriter or word processor
to complete the tasks.
Results
Candidates who have achieved a minimum of 60% of the
available marks are awarded a 'pass'. Candidates who have
achieved a minimum of 75% of the available marks are awarded
a 'first class pass'.
49

English for the Tourism Industry (EFTI)

The EFTI certificate serves as a proof of skills in oral and
written English for candidates who are working in the travel and
tourism sector. It is made up of written and oral components
available at first and second levels. Although written and oral
examinations can be taken separately, candidates are
recommended to take both parts where possible.
Structure
Please refer to the structure of the Spoken English for Industry
and Commerce (SEFIC), first or second level and the Written
English for Tourism (WEFT) for more details.
Results
The EFTI can be obtained by passing Spoken English for
Industry and Commerce (SEFIC), first or second level and
Written English for Tourism (WEFT), first or second level,
composed on the analogy with English for Business (EFB) and
based on tourism topics.
50

BULATS-English (Business Language Testing Service)

BULATS was developed in cooperation by UCLES, the
Alliance Franaise, Goethe Institut, ALTE (the Association of
Language Testers in Europe) and the Instituto Cervantes.
BULATS is used by organizations and companies as a language
assessment tool; it is designed to test the language proficiency
of employees and job applicants in business/professional
contexts.
Structure
The BULATS comprises several tests that can be taken
separately or in combination:
The Standard BULATS Test; testing overall language ability
(110 minutes: 50 minutes for listening and 60 minutes for
reading and language knowledge)
The BULATS Speaking Test; testing speaking skills in a one-to-
one interview with the examiner, presentation, discussion
(approx. 12 minutes)
The BULATS Writing Test; testing writing skills with results
available as group reports and examinees are placed on a scale
of five levels, based on the ALTE Framework: Level 1-
elementary, Level 2-lower intermediate, Level 3-upper
intermediate, Level 4-lower advanced, Level 5-upper advanced
(45 minutes)
The BULATS Computer Test, with a computer selecting each
question on the basis of the previous answer. As a result, the test
becomes progressively easier or more difficult until a consistent
level of ability is achieved. The Computer Test assesses
listening and reading skills, and knowledge of grammar and
vocabulary (approx. 60 minutes)
Results
51

The BULATS Computer Test produces a report with the
candidate's overall score (on a scale of 0-100) and level (on the
ALTE level system of 0-5, where five is the highest
achievement), and their score on each section of the test.
52

Practical Business English (PBE)

The PBE was established by the London Chamber of Commerce
and Industry. Practical Business English is designed to test a
candidate's ability to survive in a business environment using
English as the language of communication.
Structure
The PBE examination is a multiple-choice test, designed to test
the candidate's English language skills for business purposes on
an elementary to pre-intermediate level.
The exam comprises three sections: grammar, business
vocabulary and business interpretation. The total testing time is
one hour.
Results
Pass / fail exam
53

Euroqualifications - English

Euroqualifications was established by the London Chamber of
Commerce and Industry Examinations Board (LCCIEB). It is a
group of bilingual certificates designed for candidates doing
business in Europe. The examinations test linguistic skills as
well as practical business or secretarial skills and knowledge on
structure/activities of the European Union.
Structure
Euroqualification awards are available at three levels in English,
French, German and Spanish. After completing each level (each
comprising a series of individual examinations), candidates will
receive a certificate:
Commercial Language Assistant Certificate (CLAC / First
level)
European Executive Assistant Certificate (EEAC / Second
level)
Diploma in European Business Administration (DEBA / Third
level)
Results
The individual examinations required for each level have to be
passed within a period of five years to obtain any of the three
certificates.
54

Occupational English Test (OET)

The OET was designed to assess the English language
proficiency of examinees wishing to enter training programs or
take examinations in health professions in Australia. The OET
tests English knowledge in the medical/ health professions of
candidates.
Structure
The exam consists of four sections:
Reading; non-profession specific (60 minutes)
Listening; non-profession specific (60 minutes)
Writing; profession specific, 200 words (40 minutes)
Speaking; profession specific where examinees participate in
two role plays
Results
Results are available within four weeks following the exam.
Grades are A, B, C, D, where A is the highest achievement. The
Boards and Councils governing the health professions tested
decide what grade is to be achieved in order to apply for clinical
registration and whether that grade must be obtained in all four
sub-tests in one sitting.
55

Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board Test (PLAB Test)

The PLAB is relevant for international medical graduates as all
overseas doctors wishing to work in the United Kingdom are
required to pass the PLAB, unless exempted. The PLAB is
designed to assess the candidates' professional medical
knowledge. Before sitting the PLAB, all candidates are required
to pass the IELTS to prove their English language proficiency;
the required minimum overall IELTS band score is 7.0
(minimum).
Structure
The PLAB test has two parts:
Part 1 Consists of three medical written papers: multiple-choice
question examination, clinical problem solving examination,
photographic material examination It is necessary to pass these
three papers at a single sitting to pass Part 1
Part 2 This will test your clinical and communication skills.
You will only be eligible to apply for entry to Part 2 if you pass
Part 1 and you must take Part 2 within three years of passing
Part 1
Results
Pass-fail exam; results are valid for three months
56

Spoken English for Industry and Commerce (SEFIC)

SEFIC examinations assess a candidate's ability to communicate
in both a social and work environment. At the advanced levels,
specialist knowledge of business vocabulary is required. SEFIC
is an oral English examination for non-native speakers
developed by the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry
(LCCI) and is aligned to the Common European Framework and
the British National Standards for Languages.
Structure
Exams are conducted as one-to-one interviews. Tasks include
general conversation, role-play, listening and reading
comprehension.
Results
Candidates receive a full breakdown of all the scores on their
results slips which makes SEFIC a diagnostic test as well as a
test of overall oral proficiency.
57

Written English for the Tourism Industry (WEFT)

The WEFT was established by the London Chamber of
Commerce and Industry. The WEFT exams are taken by people
working or planning to work in the tourism sector. The exam is
available at two levels.
Structure
The first level is designed for airlines, hotels, tour operators,
desk and reception staff in travel agencies, national tourism
boards and tourist information centers
The second level is designed for people in administrative and
managerial roles in hotels, airlines, travel organizations, or other
organizations
Results
Candidates receive a full breakdown of all the scores on their
results; a pass / fail exam
58

Cambridge Business English Certificate

Preliminary (BEC

Preliminary)

The Cambridge Business Exams examine the communication
ability of candidates in a business context. With the help of
work-related situations and exercises, BEC examinations assess
reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. The exam is
designed for students who need to use English in the context of
international business . It is offered in three different levels each
corresponding to a level from the Common European
Framework. The levels are as follows: B1 for the BEC
Preliminary exam, B2 for the BEC Vantage exam and C1 for
the BEC Higher exam.
The level of difficulty of the exam is estimated on the basis of a
1- 4 scale where level is the lowest and level 5 is the highest.
Level
Level B1 of the Council of Europe's Common European
Framework of Reference for Languages.
BEC Preliminary is aimed at elementary and lower-intermediate
levels of competence.
Structure
Listening (approx. 40 minutes)
Reading and writing (approx. 90 minutes)
Speaking (approx. 12 minutes)
Results
Passing grades: A, B, C
Failing grades: D, E
59

Cambridge Business English Certificate

Higher (BEC

Higher)

The Cambridge Business Exams examine the communication
ability of candidates in a business context. With the help of
work-related situations and exercises, BEC examinations assess
reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. The exam is
designed for students who need to use English in the context of
international business. It is offered in three different levels each
corresponding to a level from the Common European
Framework. The levels are as follows: B1 for the BEC
Preliminary exam, B2 for the BEC Vantage exam and C1 for
the BEC Higher exam.
The level of difficulty of the exam is estimated on the basis of a
1- 4 scale where level is the lowest and level 5 is the highest.
Level
Level C1 of the Council of Europe's Common European
Framework of Reference for Languages.
BEC Higher is aimed at students at an advanced level. Learners
at this level will be expected to engage in extended
conversation, contribute effectively to meetings and seminars,
show profound understanding in correspondence and report
writing as well as negotiating successfully in a variety of
situations.
Structure of exams
Listening (approx. 40 minutes)
Reading (approx. 60 minutes)
Writing (approx. 70 minutes
Speaking (approx. 12 minutes)
Results
Passing grades: A, B, C
Failing grades: D, E
60

Cambridge Business English Certificate

Vantage (BEC Vantage)

The Cambridge Business Exams examine the communication
ability of candidates in a business context. With the help of
work-related situations and exercises, BEC examinations assess
reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. The exam is
designed for students who need to use English in the context of
international business . It is offered in three different levels each
corresponding to a level from the Common European
Framework. The levels are as follows: B1 for the BEC
Preliminary exam, B2 for the BEC Vantage exam and C1 for
the BEC Higher exam.
The level of difficulty of the exam is estimated on the basis of a
1- 4 scale where level is the lowest and level 5 is the highest.
Level
Level B2 of the Council of Europe's Common European
Framework of Reference for Languages.
BEC Vantage is aimed at intermediate students working in or
preparing to work in a range of business fields, from general
office work to production and financial services.
Structure of exams
Listening (approx. 40 minutes)
Writing (approx. 45 minutes)
Reading (approx. 60 minutes)
Speaking (approx. 14 minutes)
Results
Passing grades: A, B, C
Oral passing grades: 1, 2
61

Certificate in English for International Business and Trade (CEIBT)

High (4); the CEIBT is designed for people who use English at
work for professional purposes and for those who are planning
to enter the business world when their studies are completed;
the focus of the test is on the application of language in dealing
with real-world business situations and some of the most often
used business terms.
Structure of exams
Listening comprehension
Reading comprehension
Writing expression
Speaking expression
Results
Pass with distinction
Pass
Fail
62

ETS Test of Professional English (ETS TOPE)

The ETS TOPE is an English proficiency test that assesses
ability in four areas (listening, reading, writing and speaking)
and is designed specifically for adults in the international
workplace. It is mainly used by government offices, businesses,
training organizations and individuals interested in measuring
their workplace English ability.
Structure of exam
The ETS TOPE contains four sections; one for each skill tested
and lasts about two hours 30 minutes:
Listening; listening to announcements and discussions,
multiple choice questions scored by machine
Reading; reading work documents like letters, e-mails and faxes
and answering questions
Writing; perform tasks representative of those typically
encountered in the workplace or in everyday life
Speaking; talking about office and social activities
Results
Pass or fail
63

English for Office Skills (EOS)

EOS examinations are offered at different levels and designed to
meet the needs of organisations which value the accurate use of
written English in their transactions.
Structure
The assessment is undertaken mainly through practical tasks
based on realistic documents like memos, minutes and reports.
The principal skills tested are linguistic accuracy (spelling,
syntax, vocabulary and punctuation), comprehension (listening
and reading) and proof reading. Because spelling is one of the
principal skills tested, the use of dictionaries is not allowed in
these examinations. The exam lasts one hour.
Results
Candidates who have achieved a minimum of 60% of the
available marks are awarded a 'pass'. Candidates who have
achieved a minimum of 75% of the available marks are awarded
a 'first class pass'.
64

Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC)

TOEIC is a Business Examination and is a proficiency test for
people whose native language is not English. It measures the
practical everyday English skills of people working in an
international context.
Level
Low (2) to very high (5), level depends on the number of points
acquired
Structure of exams
Questions are based on examples from everyday business
environment (approx. 2-2.5 hours)
Listening comprehension; approximately 100 questions (45
minutes)
Part 1: Photographs: 20 questions
Part 2: Question-Response: 30 questions
Part 3: Short conversations: 30 questions
Part 4: Short talks: 20 questions
Reading comprehension; approximately 100 questions (75
minutes)
Part 1: Incomplete sentences: 40 questions
Part 2: Error recognition: 20 questions
Part 3: Reading comprehension: 40 questions
Results
The results are based on a point system, scale 10-990.
Period of validity
The results of the TOEIC Exam are valid for two years
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