Name: Choong Mel June

Student ID: 12WAD00443

Group: AA1
Sube!t: AAC"3214 "#od#$er%#t& and '!olog&
Date: 24 June 2013
'(per#ment 1
)#tle: Stud& o* "r&oph&ta
+be!t#$e%:
1, )o ob%er$e the %tru!ture% o* "r&oph&ta,
2, )o d#**eren!e bet-een mar!hant#a and mo%%,
D#%!u%%#on:
Mo%%e% are .u#te d#**erent *rom mar!hant#a%/ but #t #% not ea%& to e(pla#n e(a!tl& ho- the& d#**er, )h#% #%
be!au%e/ although mo%%e% are a *a#rl& un#*orm group/ mar!hant#a% are $er& $ar#able and %ome are .u#te
%#m#lar to mo%%e%, S#n!e there are $er& *e- !hara!ter#%t#!% !ommon to all mar!hant#a%/ !ompar#%on% are
d#**#!ult,
1, All mo%%e% ha$e both %tem and lea$e%, 0en!e/ #* there #% a *lat thallu%1l#2e plant/ #t !annot be mo%%,
2, Mo%%e% ha$e the#r lea$e% arranged normall& #n t-o/ three/ *our/ e#ght or numerou% ro-%, +r el%e/
the& are %p#rall& arranged, 3ea*& mar!hant#a% normall& ha$e t-o ro-% o* lea$e%: one at ea!h %#de/
plu% an add#t#onal ro- o* under lea$e% 4amph#ga%tr#a5, In the%e lea*& mar!hant#a%/ the lateral lea$e%
are pla!ed at an angle 4obl#.uel& #n%erted5/ %o that the& u%uall& o$erlap, Mean-h#le/ the under
lea$e% are pla!ed a!ro%% the %tem 4tran%$er%el& #n%erted5/ %o that the#r ba%e #% at r#ght angle% to the
ma#n a(#%,
3, Mo%% lea$e% are ne$er lobed or d#$#ded #nto t-o part%/ -h#le %ome lea*& mar!hant#a% are %o
d#$#ded,
4, Mo%% lea$e% ma& ha$e a m#d1r#b 4ner$e5 or e$en t-o ner$e%, Mar!hant#a lea$e% ne$er ha$e a
ner$e/ although a mar!hant#a thallu% ma& ha$e a m#d1r#b, 0o-e$er/ not all mo%% lea$e% ha$e
ner$e%,
6, Mo%% %tem% o*ten ha$e th#!2ened %upport#ng !ell% #n the !entre, 3ea*& mar!hant#a %tem% la!2 th#%
%upport,
7, In a mo%% the outer part o* the *emale organ 4ar!hegon#um5 brea2% #nto t-o part% a% the %eta
elongate%, +ne part #% !arr#ed up to *orm the !al&ptra -h#le the other rema#n% at the ba%e o* the
%eta to *orm the $ag#nula, In mar!hant#a%/ the %eta doe% not !arr& up the !al&ptra%,
8, A mo%% %eta #% a tough/ long1la%t#ng -#r& %tal2/ o*ten redd#%h or purpl#%h #n !olour, It% elongat#on
ta2e% %e$eral da&% or -ee2%, A mar!hant#a %eta #% a -ea2 tran%parent %tru!ture/ -h#te #n !olour, It%
elongat#on ta2e% onl& a *e- hour%/ a*ter -h#!h #t !ollap%e% and d#e%,
9, A mo%% !ap%ule #% u%uall& pear1%haped or !&l#ndr#!al/ green -hen &oung and -#th a d#%t#n!t l#d
4oper!ulum5 -h#!h #% %hed on matur#t& to re$eal the per#%tome teeth, )he%e teeth u%uall& re%pond
to !hange% #n hum#d#t& to open or !lo%e the mouth, A mar!hant#a !ap%ule #% ne$er green 4e(!ept
Antho!ero%5 #% round or globe %haped and o*ten %pl#t% #nto *our part% -hen r#pe, It doe% not u%uall&
ha$e a l#d,
:, Spore% o* both mo%%e% and mar!hant#a% germ#nate to g#$e protonemata/ but that o* a mo%% #% mu!h
more e(ten%#$e and g#$e% r#%e to numerou% mo%% plant%, A mar!hant#a protonema g#$e% r#%e to a
%#ngle plant,
10, ;h#<o#d% o* mo%%/ the& are man& !elled and bran!hed, Mean-h#le/ rh#<o#d% o* mar!hant#a/ the&
onl& !on%#%t o* one !ell -h#!h unbran!hed,
Con!lu%#on:
Mo%%e% are d#**erent *rom mar!hant#a%, It !an be d#**erent#ated through the#r lea$e %tru!ture/ %tem
%tru!ture/ organ %tru!ture/ %eta/ !ap%ule/ %pore% and rh#<o#d%,