FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
STUDENT KIT
LAB MODULE
TM
Program: EE241 Sem : 3
Ownership : Centre for System Engineering Studies (CeSES)
FE !" id : !ate #ssued : 2$$%
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY III
COURSE CODE: EEE430
FREQUENCY RESPONSE WITH MATLAB
&uthors
Prepared 'y :
(i) *ohd &sro+ &+ias
!ate : 2, !e- 2$$%
1
st
.e/ision : !ate :
2
nd
.e/ision : !ate :
Endorsement 'y Center of Studies
Chair : !ate :
Signature :
MODULE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this experiment, students should have the:
MO1 : knowledge and understanding on the characteristics and behavior of the frequency response
MO! : ability to perform task using Matlab software
MO" : ability to apply tools such as #ode $lot, %yquist $lot to study control system stability
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND:
&onsider what happen when we connect a process measurement to a controller, but do
not connect the controller output to the control valve 'his situation is as illustrated in
Figure 1 is referred to as having the control loop ie process plus controller in an open
loop state M(')(# is stand for Matrix )aboratory and it is a high performance
language for technical computing *t is an integration of computation, visuali+ation and
programming M(')(# features various solutions called toolboxes 'hese toolboxes
are comprehensive collections of M(')(# functions that extend the M(')(# usage to
solve particular classes of problems 'he area that the toolboxes can be used includes
signal processing, control systems, neural networks, fu++y logic, wavelets and
simulation
Figure 1
,e can have a process #ode -iagram that gives the relationship between the input
ad.ustment, / and the output measurement, 0 of the process ,e can also consider the
system open loop bode diagram which relates the unconnected valve signal which is
the system output, 0 to the actual valve position which is the input, /
1ain of the system, G can be defined as:
G 2 change of output signal, 0
change of input signal, /
,here both input and output signals are in the same units: voltage, power level,
pressure, etc and their ratio is non3dimensional
*n some controllers the input and output signals may be in different units, eg a change
in temperature producing a change in pressure, and to avoid conversion factors the
output4input relationship may be expressed as 5proportional band6 'his can be defined
as the range of input signals that will cause the controller to operate over its full working
range, and is expressed as a percentage of the range of controlled condition, which the
measuring unit is designed to measure
$hase lag is the angle in degrees by which the output signal lags the input signal:
2 time lag, input to output signal x secs x "78
period of signal, secs
'he relationship between gain and percentage proportional band is9
G 2 188
: proportional band
;uppose the magnitude and phase plot of the #ode diagram and %yquist diagram for
the process alone is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively
Figure 2: Magnitude and $hase #ode $lot for the system
Figure 3: %yquist -iagram for the system
RE!LAB "ORK:
1< 1iven a transfer function: draw the bode plot =magnitude and phase<
!< -efine i< Open )oop 'ransfer >unction ii< >eed3>orward 'ransfer >unction and iii< &losed3)oop
'ransfer >unction
NOTE:
Students/Group leader has to get your instructor to approve all your PRE-LAB work e!ore co""encing
the e#peri"ent$ Su"it the pre-la work together with the report$
E#ERIMENTAL "ORK:
A$$%r%&u':
1 $rocess 'rainer $'"!7 with computer equipped with M(')(#
! Oscilloscope
" >unction 1enerator
1
'&
E($eri)e*&: OEN LOO SYSTEM
1 Make the connections and switch settings on the $rocess 'rainer $'"!7 as shown in
Figure 4 below
! (d.ust the 5set value6 to "?&
" (d.ust the 5blower throttle control6 to @
@ $lace the 5detector probe6 in the 11A position
? ;et the switch on the side of $'"!7 to 5heater6
7 On the oscilloscope, set the amplitude of channel 1 to !B4div and connect to socket
5/6 on $rocess 'rainer $'"!7 and set the amplitude of channel ! to !B4div and
connect to socket 506 on $rocess 'rainer $'"!7
C ;et the oscilloscope time base to 18sec4div internal trigger
D On the function generator set to sine3wave output, !B amplitude, 81 E+, and
connect to socket 5/6 on the $rocess 'rainer $'"!7
F ;witch on the $rocess 'rainer $' "!7 and ancillary equipment
18 Measure the amplitude and phase of the system over a frequency range 81E+ to
"E+
11 'abulate the results in T%+,e 1=in result section< and plot the %yquist and #ode
diagram =Magnitude and $hase<
1! >rom both of the diagrams, obtain the phase and gain margin of the system and
discuss the stability of the system
1"
2
*-
E($eri)e*&: CLOSED LOO SYSTEM
1 Make the connections and switch settings on the $rocess 'rainer $'"!7 as shown in
Figure . below
! (d.ust the 5set value6 to "?&
" (d.ust the 5blower throttle control6 to @
@ $lace the 5detector probe6 in the 11A position
? ;et the switch on the side of $'"!7 to 5heater6
7 On the oscilloscope, set the amplitude of channel 1 to !B4div and connect to socket 506
on $rocess 'rainer $'"!7
C ;et the oscilloscope time base to 18sec4div 'riggered by >unction 1enerator
D On the function generator set to square3wave output, !B amplitude, 8! E+, and connect
to socket 5-6 on the $rocess 'rainer $'"!7
F ;witch on the $rocess 'rainer $' "!7 and ancillary equipment
18 (d.ust 5: proportional6 band to the value derived from the frequency response test using
the equation:
a
11 -etermine the value of proportional band, which is .ust sufficient to cause the system to
oscillate
1! Observe the output response $lot on the graph paper provided
1" Obtain the stability of the system from the : proportional band determined in step 11
1@ 'abulate your result in T%+,e 2=in result section<
3
r-
E($eri)e*&: MATLAB /r&i/* 0&/ /+&%i* &1e &r%*'2er 2u*3&i/*4
1 >rom the #ode $lot obtained in experiment G@b, determine the transfer function of the
system =show all the steps in obtaining the transfer function<
! Berify the transfer function obtained using M(')(#
" Obtained the value of 1ain Margin =1M<, $hase Margin =$M< and determine the stability
of the system from the #ode $lot using M(')(#
@ &ompare the control system parameters from Gxperiment G@b with that obtained from
M(')(# software
REPORT SECTION
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
STUDENT
LAB REPORT
Program: EE241 Sem : 3
Ownership : Centre for System Engineering Studies (CeSES)
FE !o-"#! : !ate #ssued : 2$$%
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY III
COURSE CODE: EEE430
FREQUENCY RESPONSE WITH MATLAB
NOTE: SUBMIT REPORT IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE LAB SESSION!
Prepared 'y : Student #! :
1"
2"
3"
4"
0"
1roup : 2a' !ate : Su'mission !ate :
2a' #nstru-tor :
RESULTS:
1 -ata from 1
st
Gxperiment: O$G% )OO$ ;0;'GM
'abulate your result in T%+,e 1
! -ata from !nd Gxperiment: &)O;G- )OO$ ;0;'GM
'abulate your result in T%+,e 2
" -ata from "
rd
Gxperiment: M(')(# $ortion =to obtain the transfer function<
=a< 'ransfer function of the system =show all the steps in obtaining the transfer function<
=b< $lot the magnitude and phase of bode diagram and show its M(')(# programming
DISCUSSIONS:
1 -efined 1ain Margin and $hase Margin and how it affects the stability of the system
! &alculate the 1ain Margin =d#< and $hase Margin of the system from the #ode -iagram
&omment on the stability of the system
" >rom the #ode $lot and transfer function, describe on the characteristics of closed3loop
control system
@ Gvaluate on the stability of the system
CONCLUSION:
&onclude in detail the findings and the outcomes of this experiment 'his should include the
summary of the experiment as well as the comments and discussion of the results, errors and
their possible sources
REFERENCES:
1< ;olving Gngineering ;ystem -ynamics $roblem with M(')(#, Hao B -ukkipati, %ew (ge $ublisher,
!88C
!< GGG"?1 &trl ;ys * )ecture %otes =>requency Hesponse 'echnique<
"< GGG?7! Glectrical Gng )ab =>requency Hesponse (nalysis, and ;ys*- I&trl *<
END
GRADING SECTION
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
STUDENT
LAB GRADE
Program: EE241 Sem : 3
Ownership : Centre for System Engineering Studies (CeSES)
FE !o-"#! : !ate #ssued : 2$$%
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY III
COURSE CODE: EEE430
FREQUENCY RESPONSE WITH MATLAB
NOTE: RETURN THE GRADED REPORT TO THE RESPECTIVE LAB
(DUE 2 WEEKS AFTER SUBMISSION DATE!)
Param!r Mar"# Param!r Mar"#
Pre32a' 4or) (105) 6ui7 (105)
.esu+ts (3$5) Con-+usion (1$5)
!is-ussions (3$5)
1roup : !ate : T$!a% Mar"# (&''()
COMMENTS:
&ssessor: Signature: