-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 10 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008- Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

A. For the time being= For the present=

temporarily. "I don't know when the power
will be back. For the time being let's have
a candle." (Current á°æ¤p-úÌÆæ’hçüÓ ûÁ-L-ߪ’ü¿’.
v°æÆæ’h-û√-EéÀ, éÌ¢Ìy-AhûÓ í∫úø’-°æ¤ü∆ç)
A. Premkumar, Rajampet

And so = Therefore = Because of that.
Q. Please explain the following doubts and
I don't have enough money and so
their meanings with examples.
(therefore) I don't want to buy the car =

For the time being.
Because I don't have enough money, I

And so
don't want to buy the car.

As long as Kumar, Bhimadole.
Q.

As long as= Till something continues. à Ææçü¿-®Ωs¥ç™ 3rd person singular + have

Please explain whether the following Q. Advice Suggestion
As long as we are lazy, we can never
èπ◊ èπ◊ ûËú≈ ûÁ-©’°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. ¢√úø-û√¢Á÷ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
statement is true or false A. Advice Åçõ‰ Ææ©£æ…; suggestion eg. Let god have his way.
come up = During the time that we are
1 (A.V.) I shall be eating a mango. lazy we can never come up. (´’†ç (Pronunciation Ææï-¨¡aØ˛) Åçõ‰ Ææ÷. He might have done that.
(P.V.) A mango will be being eaten by ≤Ú´’-®Ω’xí¬ Ö†oç-ûª-é¬©ç ´’†ç °jéÀ ®√™‰ç.) †’Ny™« îÁß˝’. ØËîÁ-°æ¤h-Ø√o-†’í¬. Ø√ Ææ©£æ… BÆæ’éÓ. A. III person singular (He/ She/ it) have ûÓ ®√ØË-
me.
We don't use passive voice forms for ÉC advice. III person singular + shall/ should/ can/
®√ü¿’.
2 (A.V.) She will be watching a movie. future continuous tense (shall be +ing/ †’´y-™«-îËÊÆh ᙫ Öçô’çC? é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç– could/ may/ might/ must/ need etc ûª®√yûª
(P.V.) A movie will be being watched will be +ing). It looks very awkward. ÉC suggestion. ÉC-èπÿú≈ é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç– have ´Ææ’hçC. Åçõ‰He/ She/ it haveèπ◊ èπ◊
by her (is it correct or not) suggestion. ´’üµ¿u Ææçü¿-®√s¥-Eo-•öÀd °j ¢√öÀ™x àüÓ äéπöÀ ®√¢√L.
A. Rajesh brings in cash = Rajesh brings cash

He was ther e pr omptly at 10 in = Ñ È®çúø÷ äéπõ‰ = ®√ñ‰≠ˇ ¢√u§ƒ-®Ωç-™éÀ †í∫ü¿’

ûÁ≤ƒhúø’/ ûÁî√aúø’ °ô’d•úÕ Â°õ‰dç-ü¿’èπ◊.
Q. Cash comes into the business. Therefore
cash account is debited. Which account is
J. Bhaskar, Bangalore This is the summary of
to be credited? Rajesh is the giver. But one
Q. The task of recording business transaction his speech = Çߪ’† Ö°æ-
should not debit or credit the proprietor's
is described as the art of book-keeping. Ø√uÆæç ≤ƒ®√稡ç ÉC.
account. one should
Task
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
Åçõ‰ àN’öÀ? Please summarise the
Ñ ¢√éπuç™ í∫’Jç* N´-
A. Task = äéπ®Ω’ îËߪ÷-Lq† °æE 487 report = (Please give a
Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
A.
Q. Depreciation will be charged at 10% on the summary of the report) = †í∫ü¿’ ¢√u§ƒ-®Ωç™éÀ ´Ææ’hçC 鬕öÀd ü∆Eo ê®Ω’a™x
(debit) îª÷§ƒL. Å®·ûË á´®Ω÷ èπÿú≈ proprietor
book value of the asset i.e. on Rs.9000/- (i.e I want an acknowledgement for the book I've Ç E¢Ë-Céπ ≤ƒ®√稡ç
10,000 - 1,000) and so on. ,
Ñ ¢√éπuç Å®√nEo given you = O’®Ω’ °æ¤Ææhéπç BÆæ’-èπ◊-†oô’xí¬ Ø√èπ◊ M.SURESAN ûªßª÷-®Ω’-îË-ߪ’çúÕ. ™„éπ\™x ï´’©’ ê®Ω’a©÷ îª÷°æ-èπÿ-úøü¿’.
so, on (I want an acknowledgement = I One = á´-È®jØ√ ÆæÍ®. should = ûª°æpéπ îÁߪ÷uL.
°æü∆© Å®√n-©†’ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ N´-Jç-îª- ®√Æœ´yçúÕ Correspondent = äéπ ¢√u§ƒ®Ω/ Nü∆u-ÆæçÆæn
want you to acknowledge) One should know one's limits = á´-È®jØ√ ÆæÍ®
í∫-©®Ω’. ûª®Ω-°æ¤† Öûªh-®Ω-v°æ-ûª’u-ûªh-®√©’ ïJ-Ê°-¢√úø’/ News
A. ûª®Ω’-í∫’-ü¿©-†’ °æ¤Ææh鬙x †¢Á÷-ü¿’-îË-Æ œ† ÇÆœh N©’´™ He acknowledged the books I sent him =
paper/ magazines ™ ®√ÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx.
¢√J £æ«ü¿’l©’ ¢√®Ω’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√L.
10 ¨»ûªçí¬ ™„éÀ\-≤ƒh®Ω’. Åçõ‰ ®Ω÷. 10000 N©’´ ؈’ °æç°œ† °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ -ûª-†’ BÆæ’-èπ◊-†oô’x Çߪ’† One should follow traffic rules = á´-È®jØ√ ÆæÍ®
Sundry debtors, sundry creditors.
Ö†o ÇÆœh Å®·ûË 10] (1000) ûªT_ç*, 9000 O’ü¿ ûÁL-§ƒúø’. traffic E•ç-üµ¿†©’ §ƒöÀç-î √L.
™„éπ\-éπ-úø-û√®Ω’. É™«... Receipt = ®ΩQü¿’. Sundry = ÅO ÉO ÅFo éπL°œ. Q. By communication, we mean the process of
So on = É™«, Ñ Nüµ¿çí¬, ´Èíj®√, ´Èíj®√ Please give him a receipt for the money he There were a few books and sundry other passing information as well as understand-
He was saying that he had no money, that he has given you = Åûªúø’ O’éÀ*a† úø•’sèπ◊ ®ΩQü¿’ things in the room = Ç í∫C™ éÌEo °æ¤Ææh鬩÷, ing from one person to another. 1) It is
had to borrow to help others, so on and so É´yçúÕ. Éûª®Ω éÌEo (Åçûª ´·êuç é¬EN– ÅO, ÉO, -Å-Fo) involved in all human relations. 2) It is the
on.. = ûª† ü¿í∫_®Ω úø•’s ™‰ü¿F, Éûª-®Ω’-™„-´-JéÓ ≤ƒßª’ç Prompt = ÆæÈ®j† time èπ◊. ´Ææ’h-´¤©÷ ÖØ√o®·. nervous system of any organised group.
îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ Å°æ¤p-îË-ߪ÷Lq ´*aç-ü¿-F, É™« àüËüÓ ... He was there promptly at 10 = 10éÀ ÆæJí¬_ Åéπ\- In the mean time = Ñ™-°æ©. ¢Á·ü¿öÀ ¢√éπuç™ in áçü¿’èπ◊ ´*açC, È®çúÓ
(so on...) îÁ°æ¤p-éÌ-î √aúø’. úø’-Ø√oúø’ Åûªúø’. I'm sure = ؈’ í∫öÀdí¬ †´·t-ûª’Ø√o. ¢√éπuç™ nervous Å®Ωnç N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
Q. Acknowledgement - Acknowledge - receipt - Sundry creditors = *†o *†o ®Ω’ùü∆-ûª©’. A. Communications ü∆E™ îËJ ÖçC ÅE îÁ§ƒp-
prompt - summary - summarise, correspon- OöÀ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬-Lçûªèπ◊´·çü¿’ î√™«-≤ƒ®Ω’x N´-
dent - sundry-debtor, sundry-creditor - in the
(*†o, *†o ¢Á·û√h©’ Å°œp-*a-†-¢√∞¡Ÿx)
Jçî√ç– §ƒûª lessons îª÷úøçúÕ. ©çõ‰ in Öçú≈-LqçüË éπü∆.
The debt to sundry creditors amounted to
mean time - I am sure that .. involved in = äéπ-ü∆ØÓx îËJ Öçúøôç
Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ - Rs. 10 lakh = *†o, *†o Å°æ¤p-©¢√∞¡xéÀ-¢√y-Lq† Q. Rajesh brings in cash to provide capital for
nervous system = ´’† üË£æ«ç™E Ø√úŒ
his business. Ñ ¢√é¬u-EéÀ Å®Ωnç -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’
N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. ¢Á·ûªh¢Ë’ 10 ©éπ~©’.
A. Acknowledgement = àüÁjØ√ ´’†ç §ÒçC-†ç- Summary = ≤ƒ®√稡ç. í∫-©®Ω’. Brings èπ◊ cash èπ◊ ´’üµ¿u in ´Ææ’hçü∆? ´’çúø©ç. ´’† ®Ωéπh-v°æ-Ææ-®Ωùèπ◊ Ø√úŒ-´’ç-úø©ç áçûª-
ü¿’èπ◊, ´’†ç ÅC §Òçü∆-´’E îÁ°æpúøç/ ®√Æœ Summarise = ÆæçéÀ~°æhç îËߪ’úøç/ äéπ Ö°æ- Ééπ\úÕ Å®Ωnç é¬u≠ˇ™ ÅØ√? ü¿ßª’-ñ‰Æœ N´-Jç-îª- ´·-êu¢Á÷ äéπ ´uèπ◊h© Ææ´‚-£æ…-EéÀ communica-
É´yúøç. tions Åçûª ´·êuç ÅE.
Ø√uÆæç/ ®Ω ≤ƒ®√ç-¨»Eo ®√ߪ’úøç. í∫-©®Ω’.
K. Nagamani, Tadpatri
Q. O’®Ω’ éπçöÀ Ç°æ-Í®-≠憒 à ú≈éπd-®Ω’ûÓ îË®·ç-- Q. ؈’ ú≈éπd®˝ îËûª ´÷ Ŷ«s-®·éÀ öÃ鬩’ ¢Ë®·ç- Q. Åûª-úÕéÀ ÊÆdö¸ ¶«uçé˙™ ™Ø˛ É°œp-≤ƒh-†-Ø√o†’.
ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ûÁ©-°æçúÕ. èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’? î√†’. A. I told him I would get him/ help him to get a
Q. O’ûÓ Ø√èπ◊ ´·-ë«-´·" ´÷ö«x-ú≈-©E ÅE-°œ-Ææ’hçC. A. Which doctor did you go to for your eye A. I got the doctor to/ I had the doctor vacci- loan in SBI.
A. I feel like having a face to face talk with you operation/ who was the surgeon? nate my child. Q. £«ú˛-´÷Ææd®˝ äéπ-Ê°ü¿ Nü∆u-JnE úÕvU ´®Ωèπ◊ Ö*-ûªçí¬
Q. O’ûÓ ÉçTx≠ˇ îÁ°œpç--éÓ-¢√-©E ÅE-°œ-Ææ’hçC. Q. O’®Ω’ à ú≈éπd-®Ω’ûÓ éπçöÀ Ç°æ-Í®-≠憒 îË®·ç- Q. O’®Ω’ ú≈éπd®˝ îËûª O’ Å´÷t-®·éÀ öÃ鬩’ ¢Ë®·- îªC-N-≤ƒh-†-Ø√o®Ω’.
A. I wish to have English taught by you.
-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’? ≤ƒh®√? A. A Head master offered to educate a poor
A. Which doctor are you going to for your eye A. Will you have your daughter vaccinated (by student freely up to degree.
Q. O’ îËûª Éç-Tx≠ˇ ®√®·ç--éÓ-¢√-©-E-°œ-Ææ’hçC Ø√èπ◊. operation? / who is your surgeon? the doctor) Q.
A. I wish to have English written by you.
®ΩN äéπ 鬙‰ñ¸ éπöÀd-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’ Ê°ü¿-N-ü∆u-®Ω’n-©èπ◊.
Q. O’®Ω’ ߪ‚JØ˛ õ„Æˇd îË®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o®√? Q. ®√V Ø√èπ◊ Í®≠æØ˛ 鬮Ω’f É°œp-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’. A. Ravi said he would start a college for poor
Q.
A. (Have you) Had your urine tested? A. Raju told me he would get a ration card for me. students.
O’®Ω’ G.°œ. îÁé˙ îË®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o®√?
A. (Have you) had your BP checked?
Q. Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ≤ƒ\Eçí˚ B®·ç-îª-´’E ú≈éπd®˝ îÁ§ƒpú≈? Q. O’®Ω’ Çé˙q-°∂æ®Ω’f úÕéπ{-†-K©’ ûÁ°œp-≤ƒh®√? Q. ®√´· Ø√ ¶„jé˙ JÊ°®˝ îË®·-≤ƒh-†-Ø√oúø’.
Q. Åûª-úÕéÀ •xú˛ õ„Æˇd îË®·ç-î√®√? A. Did the doctor tell her/ to have a scan A. Are you going to get Oxford Dictionaries? A. Ramu said he would get my bike repaired.
A. Have you got his blood tested?/ blood test taken?/ advise a scanning for her? Q. O’®Ω’ Ñ ¢Á’úÕ-Æœ†’x áéπ\úø †’ç* ûÁ°œp-≤ƒh®Ω’? Q. ®√V ´÷ 鬮Ω’ JÊ°®˝ îË®·-≤ƒh-†E îÁ°œp, îË®·ç-îª-™‰ü¿’.
done? Q. ؈’ G.°œ. -îÁé˙ îË®·ç--èπ◊-Ø√o†’. A. Where do you get these medicines from? A. Raju said he would get our car repaired but
Q. Ç¢Á’èπ◊ ≠æflí∫®˝ îÁé˙ îË®·ç-î√¢√? áçûª ÖçC? A. I had/ got my BP checked. Q. O’èπ◊ àN’ ûÁ°œpç-îª-´’ç-ö«®Ω’? he hasn't.
A. Did you get her sugar checked? How much Q. ؈’ ™«u¶¸ õ„éÃo-≠œ-ߪ’-Ø˛ûÓ ≠æflí∫®˝ îÁé˙ îË®·ç-- A. What shall I/ we get (for) you? Q. -Ç-ߪ’-† É©’x JÊ°®Ω’ îË®·ç--èπ◊E ¶«úø’-í∫™ úø•’s
is it? èπ◊çõ‰ 100 / 170 Öçü¿-Ø√oúø’. Q. áéπ\úø †’ç* É™«çöÀ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ ûÁ°œpç--éÓ-´îª’a? °æô’d-éÓ-´’-Ø√oúø’.
Q. O’®Ω’ éπçöÀ Ç°æ-Í®-≠æØ˛ á°æ¤púø’ îË®·ç--èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’? A. I had my sugar checked and the lab techni- A. Where can we get these books from?/ How A. He told us to get the repairs done at our cost
A. When will you have your eye operation ? cian said it was 100 / 170. can we order these books? and deduct it in the rent.

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