í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 14 -Çí∫Ææ’d 2008-
A. 1. No error. But there is a difference
Kishore, Chemudugunta
Q. 1. Don't forget sending me your new
address and the mobile number.
¢√éπuç™ àüÁjØ√ ûª°æ¤p Öçõ‰ îÁ°æpçúÕ.
2. You have occupied my seat.
What is the part of speech of 'my' here.
Are there any other variations in using the
same word as different parts of speech.
B.Bhaskar, Nandyal.
Q. Please explain 4 types of sentence with
two examples and telugu meanings. 1.
assertive sentence, 2. Interrogative sen-
tence, 3. Imperative sentence, 4.
Exclamatory sentence
A. 1. Assertive sentence- A sentence which
states something=
äéπ N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo îÁÊ°p ¢√éπuç.
a) Vijayawada is on the banks of the
Krishna
= Nï-ߪ’-¢√úø éπ%≠æg äúø’f† ÖçC.
b) India is not a small country
= ¶µ«®Ωû˝ *†o-ü˨¡ç é¬ü¿’.
2. Interrogative sentence
= v°æ¨¡o©’ ¢ËÊÆ ¢√é¬u©’
a) Where is your father? = O’ Ø√†o áéπ\úø?
b) Is she a good singer?
= Ç¢Á’ ´’ç* í¬ßª’-ØËØ√?
3. Imperative sentence: ÇïcL´y-ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úË
¢√é¬u©’:
a) Get out = b) Don't move =
¢ÁRx§Ú, éπü¿-©èπ◊
U.Srinivasa Rao, Zarugumalli
Q.
äéπ ¢√é¬uEo ûÁ©’-í∫’™ áØÓo ®Ωé¬-©’í¬ éÀçC-
N-üµ¿çí¬ îÁ°æp-´îª’a.
1. Åçü∆© †ô’úø’ ¨¶µº-Ø˛-¶«-•’†’ îª÷úø-ö«-EéÀ
îÁØÁjo ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’.
2. ؈’ ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊Ø√o îÁØÁjo Åçü∆© †ô’úø’
¨¶µº-Ø˛-¶«-•’†’ îª÷úø-ö«-EéÀ.
3. îÁØÁjo ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊Ø√o ؈’ Åçü∆© †ô’úø’
¨¶µº-Ø˛-¶«-•’†’ îª÷úø-ö«-EéÀ.
4. Åçü∆© †ô’úø’ ¨¶µºØ˛ ¶«•’†’ îÁØÁjo™ îª÷úø-
ö«-EéÀ ¢Á∞«x-©-†’-èπ◊Ø√o.
Å™«Íí ÉçTx-≠ˇ-™-èπÿú≈ äéπ ¢√é¬uEo frame îËÆœ
ü∆ØËo ¢Á†èπ◊\, ´·çü¿’èπ◊ A°œp ´÷ö«x-úø-´î√a?
´÷ö«x-úÕûË Å®Ωnç ´÷J-§Ú-ûª’çü∆?
1. I want to go Chennai to see the pretty/
beautiful actor Sobhan babu.
2. To see the beautiful actor Sobhan babu
I wish to go Chennai.
A. ûÁ©’í∫’ ¢√é¬u-©™ ´÷ô© ´®Ω’-Ææ-éπçûª v§ƒ´·-
êuç-™‰ü¿’. à ´÷ô sentence ™ áéπ\úø
´*aØ√ Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰í¬ Öçô’çC, O’®Ω-†oô’x
N¶µºéÃh v°æûªu-ߪ÷© ´©x. O’J-*a† Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù™‰
Åçü¿’èπ◊ Eü¿-®Ωz†ç. Å®·ûË English sen-
tences ™ word order ´÷JûË Å®Ωnç ´÷Í®
v°æ´÷ü¿ç ÖçC.
1) Sachin hit the ball, 2) The ball hit
Sachin - Ñ È®çúÕçöÀ Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰ é¬éπ-§Úí¬,
°æ‹Jh ´uA-Í®éπç éπü∆.
Å®·ûË O’®Ω’ îÁ°œp† English sentences ™–
1. I want to go to Chennai, to see..
2. To see Sobhan babu I ...
O’®Ω’ ´÷JaçC, sentence ™E words
é¬èπ◊çú≈ clauses †’. Clauses/ phrases
position ´÷JÊÆh meaning ´÷®Ω-éπ-§Ú-´îª’a.
word position ´÷JÊÆh ´÷vûªç meaning
´÷®Ω’-ûª’çC. I want to go to Chennai to
Sobhan babu ņúøç, I want to go to
Sobhan babu to see Chennai - È®çúø÷ äéπõ‰
é¬ü¿’ éπü∆? ÉD í∫´’-Eç-î√Lq N≠æߪ’ç.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛
between 1) Don't forget sending me your
address .. and 2) Don't forget to send me
your address. Sentence no. 1) means, you
have sent me your address, and don't forget
it. Sentence no 2) means, I don't have your
address, I need it and don't forget to send it.
Ñ So, strictly speaking the sentence, Don't for-
get sending me your address is correct.
2. 'My' here is a possessive adjective. This is
the only part of speech of 'my'
I- nominative
me - objective
mine - possessive
}
pronouns
Exclamatory sentence = Ǩ¡a-®√uEo, ÖüËy-
4)
í¬Lo ûÁLÊ° ¢√éπuç.
a) How tall he is! = Åûª-úÁçûª §Òúø’íÓ!
b) Alas! How she suffered!
=
ÅßÁ÷u! Ç¢Á’ áçûª ¶«üµ¿-°æ-úÕçüÓ!
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
489
I wish I had the wings of a dove
Y. Gayathri, Asifabad
Q. God, Govt., India etc., ¢√éπuç ´’üµ¿u™ ´*aØ√
capital letters ®√≤ƒh®Ω’ éπü∆. God èπ◊ Ææç•ç-
Cµç* Åûª-úø’, Åûª-úÕéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*† ņo-°æ¤púø’
he, his èπÿú≈ capital letters ®√ߪ÷™«?
A.
´’ûªçûÓ Ææç•çüµ¿ç ™‰èπ◊çú≈, Åçü¿®Ω÷ éÌLîË äÍé
üË-´¤úø’ ÅØË ¶µ«´çûÓ Å®·ûË, God á°æ¤púø÷ G
(Capital G) ûÓØË ®√ߪ÷L. Ñ ¶µ«´çûÓ God èπ◊
•ü¿’©’, He/ His/ Him ņo-°æ¤púø’, Capital H
¢√úøû√ç. Å™«-é¬-èπ◊çú≈ ¢√ߪ·-üË-´¤úø’, ´®Ω’-ù-üË-´¤úø’,
vÊ°´’-üË-´¤úø’ (´’†t-ü∑¿’úø’) ™«çöÀ NNüµ¿ ®Ω鬩 üË´¤-
∞¡x†’ í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«xúË-ô°æ¤púø’ small 'g' ØË ®√≤ƒhç.
Ñ god èπ◊ plural èπÿú≈ Öçô’çC. ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈
god of love, god of success - É™«çöÀ god
´·çü¿’, the ´Ææ’hçC. ÅüË äÍé üË´¤úø’ ÅE ´u´-
£æ«-Jç-*-†-°æ¤púø’, the ®√ü¿’ God ´·çü¿’. Ñ god,
gods èπ◊ •ü¿’©’ ®√ÊÆ pronoun, he/ him etc, èπ◊
small h ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç.
Q. Economy, Economics OöÀE áé¬-†N’, áéπ-Ø√-
N’é˙q ÅØ√™«? Éé¬-†N’, Ééπ-†-N’é˙q ÅØ√™«?
ÆæÈ®j† Öî√a-®Ωù ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
A. Economy - Éé¬-†N’ –'鬗– ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
Economics - -ÑéπØ√-N’é˙q– Éçü¿’™ 'Ñ— éÌClí¬
ûªèπ◊\-´í¬, 'Ø√— ¶«í¬ ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
Pronunciation ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊ dictionary ™ ¢√úË
R.Balu, Miryalaguda
Q. ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ äéπ °æü¿ç áçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ Öçô’çC. äéπ
¢√éπuç™, Ê°®√-ví¬-°∂ˇ™ äéπ °æü∆Eo í∫’Jhç-îªúøç
ᙫ?
A. °æü¿ç Åçõ‰ English ™ word- DØËo ´÷ô ÅE
èπÿú≈ Åçö«ç. Å®Ωnç ÉîËa ¨¡¶«l© éπ©-®·-éπ†’ °æü¿ç/
´÷ô/ word Åçö«ç. The book is on the table
= Ñ sentence ™ the, book, is, on, the table-
OöÀ™ v°æA äéπ\öà °æü¿¢Ë’/ word.
Q. ¢√éπuç™ articles èπ◊ independent status
Öçô’çü∆ ™‰ü∆ ¢√öÀ ´·çü¿’ Ö†o °æü¿çûÓ éπLÆœ
äéπ °æü¿çí¬ à®Ωp-úø-û√ߪ÷?
A. Öçúøü¿’. A/ an, the- ÉN English ™ articles.
A/ an = äéπ/ àüÁjØ√. The = Ç. É™« OöÀéÀ Å®√n-
©’-†o-°æp-öÀéÃ, OöÀE independent í¬ sentence ™
¢√úøç. OöÀ Å´-ûª© Ö†o °æü¿ç Å®√nEo ÉN
-N-´®Ωçí¬ -ûÁ-L-ߪ’-ñ‰≤ƒh®·.
Anthati Penchalaiah, Rajampeta
Q. 1. Please explain correct answer and
meanings for the following questions.
It is easy to preach others.
Preaching others is easier.
To preach others is easy.
It is easy to preaching others.
With others preaching is easy.
2.
Ñ ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ Å®√n-©†’ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.
Some snakes are only poisonous.
Only some snakes are poisonous.
A. 1. First of all, 'preach' should always be fol-
lowed by 'to'. For this reason, all the sen-
tences you've given are wrong. Any of
the following is correct.
' ∂' í∫ ’®Ω’h, rural ™«çöÀ
´÷ô™x, 'a' ¨¡¶«lEo Ææ÷*-
Ææ’hçC. Ñ ¨¡•lç 'Å— èπ◊ ü¿í∫_-
®Ωí¬ Öçô’çC é¬E 'Å—
é¬ü¿’. 'Å— °æL-Íé-ô-°æ¤púø’,
ØÓ®Ω’ °æ‹Jhí¬ ûÁ®Ω’≤ƒhç. é¬F
'∂' ûÁLÊ° ¨¡¶«lEo Öîªa-Jç-îË-
M.SURESAN
ô-°æ¤púø’ ØÓ®Ω’ î√™« éÌClí¬
ûÁJ*/ ûÁJ< ûÁ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈ 'Å— -Å-Ø√-L.
Q.
éÌEo úÕéπ{-†-K™x Öî√a-®Ωù éÓÆæç must not - must-
n't - mdsn- ÅE Öçô’çC. ᙫ Öîªa-Jç-î√™
ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ.
A. Mustn't ØÓ®Ω’ ûÁ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈ ´’Ææ-Ø˛dÅE °æ©-
éπçúÕ. Å°æ¤púø’ N†-°æúË Ææ ¨¡-•lç™ '∂' NE-°œ-Ææ’hçC.
Q. Environment - áEy-®√-Ø˛-¢Á’çö¸ éπÈ®é¬d áØ√y-Ø˛-
¢Á’çö¸ éπÈ®é¬d Åçõ‰ R silent í¬ Öç-ú≈-™«?
A. Environment - pronunciation ÉØ˛-¢Áj-®Ω-Ø˛-´’-Ø˛ö¸
–®ΩØ˛, ´’-Ø˛-ö¸ – OöÀE Éçü∆éπ ûÁ-L°œ-†ô’x, ØÓ®Ω’
ûÁJ< ûÁ®Ω-´-èπ◊çú≈ °æ©-éπçúÕ – '¢Áj— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©-éπçúÕ.
Contribute - kon- trib'u-t, cooler - ko''l'er. Åéπ~-
Q.
®√-©-°j† '–— Öçõ‰ ᙫ Öîªa-Jç-î√L. üËEéÀ D®Ω`ç,
üËEéÀ D®Ω`ç-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ Öîªa-Jç-î√™ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
A. O’®Ω’ îª÷Æœ† dictionary v°æ鬮Ωç, Åéπ~-®√-©-°j†
' " — Öçõ‰ Ç Åéπ~-®√©’ ûÁLÊ° ¨¡¶«lEo ØÌéÀ\,
book = A book =
°æ¤Ææhéπç, äéπ °æ¤Ææhéπç egg =
An egg =
í∫’úø’f, Boy =
äéπ í∫’úø’f, °œ©x-¢√úø’. The
boy there is my brother = Åéπ\-úø’†o Ç ¶«©’úø’
´÷ ûª´·túø’. É™« articles, ¢√öÀ ûª®√yûª ¢√úË
°æü∆© Å®√n-©†’ °æJ-N’ûªç îË≤ƒh®·.
Q. Precis writing ™ ´‚úÓ ´çûª’ °æü∆-©èπ◊
èπ◊Cç* ®√ߪ’-´’ç-ö«®Ω’. Precis ®√ÊÆ Nüµ∆-Ø√Eo
ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
A. Precis writing èπ◊ É*a† ¢Á·ûªhç °æü∆-©†’, a,
an, the ûÓ Ææ£æ…– É´Fo words (°æü∆©’) 鬕öÀd,
ü∆Eo ´‚úø’ûÓ ¶µ«Tç*, ÅEo ´÷ô-©èπ◊ èπ◊Cç-
î√L.
Q. °æü∆© ´·çü¿’ àßË’ °æü∆-©’çõ‰ ¢√öÀéÀ indepen-
dent status Öç-úøüÓ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ.
A. °æü∆-©-Eoç-öÀéÃ, ûÁ©’-í∫’™™« independent status
Öçô’çC. Å™« ™‰éπ-§ÚûË ÅN °æü∆-™„™« Å´¤-
û√®·?
2
1) It is easy to preach to others
2) Preaching to others is easy
3) To preach to others is easy
all of them have the same meaning =
Éûª-®Ω’-©èπ◊ ¶Cµç-îªúøç Ææ’©-¶µº¢Ë’ ÅE.
2. Some snakes are only poisonous = They
have the only quality of being poisonous;
they don't have any other quality. This is
meaningless, so the sentence is not cor-
rect.
Only some snakes are poisonous = of all
the snakes in the world, some only are
poisonous, not all of them.
D®Ω`çí¬ °æ©-é¬L. ' ' — í∫’®Ω’h Ö†o Åéπ~-®√-©†’, ØÌéÀ\
°æ©’-èπ◊û√ç – D®Ω`ç ™‰èπ◊çú≈.
' – — Ñ í∫’®Ω’h O’ dictionary v°æ鬮Ωç, u †’ 'Å—
™« (fun ™ ™«) é¬èπ◊çú≈, 'ߪ‚—™« °æ©-é¬L ÅE
Ææ÷*ç-îËçü¿’èπ◊ ÖçúÌa. Oxford/ Cambridge
™«çöÀ dictionaries pronunciation †’ Ææ÷*ç-
îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ¢√úË í∫’®Ω’h©’ ¢ËÍ®, Å¢Ë standard.
Q. Phrasal Verbs †’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ à´’ç-ö«®Ó ûÁ©’-°æ-
í∫-©®Ω’.
A. Phrasal Verbs †’ véÀߪ÷ Ææ´÷-≤ƒ©’ ņ-´îª’a.
Q. éÀçC¢√öÀ™ àC éπÈ®éÓd ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
1) "Is there anything I can get you? " (or )
"Can I get you anything?"
2) "Can you open the window? " (or)
"Do you open the window?"
A. È®ç-úø÷ correct, ¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ Å®√n-©ûÓ;
1) ØËFoèπ◊ ûËí∫-L-Tç-üË-´’Ø√o Öçü∆?
ØËFo-Íé-´’Ø√o ûÁîËaü∆?
2) éÀöÀéà é¬Ææh ûÁ®Ω’-≤ƒh¢√?
†’´¤y ≤ƒ´÷-†uçí¬ Ç éÀ-öÀéà ûÁ®Ω’-≤ƒh¢√?
(ûÁJîË Öç-û√¢√?)
R.Ramakrishna, Vijayawada
Q. I wish I had wings of a bird.
I wish I had the wings of a bird.
È®çúÕç-öÀ™ àC éπÈ®èπ◊d?
A. I wish I had the wings of a dove,
correct. Wings of a dove ņo-°æ¤púø’,
àwings question
Å-ØË wings of a
èπ◊
dove answer
Å-ØË
the
´≤ÚhçC éπü∆?
Åçü¿’-éπE éπ*a-ûªçí¬ Å´-Ææ®Ωç Åéπ\úø.
Q. ü¿®Ω-ë«-Ææ’h©’ ®√ÊÆ-ô-°æ¤púø’ *´-®Ω™ I
request you to ... ÅE ņ-ú≈-EéÀ
•ü¿’©’ I request that I may be ...
ÅØ√-©E NØ√o†’. àC ÆæÈ®j†üÓ ûÁ©’-
°æçúÕ.
A. I request you to/ to be kind enough
to I request that
Å-†-úøç™ ûªÊ°pç-™‰ü¿’.
I may be ... éÌç-îÁç ņ-´-Ææ®Ω §ƒçúÕûªuç.