Present Tenses

1. Simple Present Tense

Present tense refers to something you do over and over or a constant state of being.
It also refers to facts and things that are always true.
Examples: I exercise every day, and Im strong.



2. Present Continuous Tense
Present Continuous refers to something that is happening in the moment.
Examples: I am reading a book and Are they playing?



















PAST TENSES
1. PAST SIMPLE TENSE
Past simple tense refers to something that you did over and over before, or a state of being that you used
to have but do not have anymore.
It also refers to things that used to be facts, and things that are not true anymore.
Examples: I exercised every day, and I was strong.


2. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Past continuous tense refers to a short action or a short state of being that happened in the past.
Examples: I was waiting for you, and We werent talking.



















Present Perfect Tenses
1. Present perfect (simple)
The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that has stopped recently, but
has an impact on the present. It also puts emphasis on results.
Examples: She has written five letters, and School has not started yet.


2. Present perfect (continuous)
While Simple Present is used for statements about the present, Present Perfect Continuous is used to
describe how long an action has been going on in the present.
Examples: We have been talking all day, and I have been sleepy for an hour.



















Past Perfect Tenses
1. Past perfect (simple)
We use Simple Past to talk about past events in the order in which they happened. We use Past
Perfect to look back at a certain time in the past to tell what had happened before.
Example: Before her sixth birthday, Jane had never been to the zoo, and I had never been to
London.


2. Past perfect (continuous)
The Past Perfect Continuous puts emphasis on the time length of an action taking place before
another time in the past.
Examples: I had been waiting for an hour., and They had been playing.


Future Tenses
1. Future Simple
This tense shows something that will happen for a short period in the future. We can either use will
or going to to show that this action will happen in the future. Will expresses a sudden decision
or assumption about the future, while going to is more firm.
Example: I will meet him later, and We are going to see him later.

2. Future Continuous
This tense shows an action that will be happening for a long period in the future.
Example: I will be waiting there at five oclock, and Will he be staying at home?

Future Perfect Tenses
1. Future Perfect Simple
This tense shows that an action will complete before something else in the future. It can also show
that something will happen before a specific time in the future.
Examples: By tomorrow, she will have finished her homework., and Sam is probably going to
have finished dinner by 8:00 tonight.

2. Future Perfect Continuous
This tense shows how long an action will continue until a particular time in the future, as well as to
show a cause and effect relationship between two actions in the future.
Examples: How long will you have been studying when you finish school?, and Jason will be
tired when he gets home because he will have been working for the whole day.