For internal use only; Not for distribution

Shashi Prakash

(October 2014)
A Treatise on
Creating an Enterprise Information Architecture

2013 NET SERPENTS LLC ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
For internal use only; Not for distribution

CONTENTS
2013 Net Serpents LLC All rights reserved

Definition

Business Drivers

EIA Capabilities

Creating the information Architecture

EIA in relation to Business and Technology Architecture

Deliverables and Approach
For internal use only; Not for distribution

ENTERPRISE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE DEFINITION (1/ 2)

Enterprise Information Architecture (EIA) is the part of the
enterprise architecture process that describes through a set of
requirements, principles and models the current state, future state
and guidance necessary to flexibly share and exchange information
assets to achieve effective enterprise change.
Source: Gartner (http://www.gartner.com/it-glossary/enterprise-information-architecture)

IA is the art and science of organizing information so that it is findable,
manageable and useful. There is also a perspective from enterprise
architecture that views information architecture as an enterprise wide
activity that includes such aspects as data architecture, metadata
management and knowledge management
(Stiglich, 2007).


2013 Net Serpents LLC All rights reserved
For internal use only; Not for distribution


Organization of information to support findability,
manageability and usefulness from the infrastructural level to
the user interface level.
Source: Downey, L., & Banerjee, S. (2011). Building an Information Architecture Checklist. Journal of
Information Architecture. Vol. 2, No. 2. [Available at http://journalofia.org/volume2/issue2/03-downey/]


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ENTERPRISE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE DEFINITION (2/ 2)
For internal use only; Not for distribution

BUSINESS DRIVERS (1/ 2)

Better management of information leads to
Agility ability to implement changes to data structures and analyze impact of changes
quickly
Conformed/Integrated data across the organization
Better Data Quality, Integrity and Security
Cost Savings
Better use of information can reduce overheads associated with information management
Better utilization of licenses on BI / Analytics & related technologies
Reduction in training costs
Reduction in support and maintenance costs

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For internal use only; Not for distribution

BUSINESS DRIVERS (2 /2)

Improving customer relationships
Better access to information promotes customer intimacy and maximizes the
relationships value for both the customer and the organization
Higher Productivity
Through improved utilization of shared information resources
Efficient Operations Management
Improved decision making with better information availability
Better communication within the organization
Improved Regulatory Compliance
Through harmonization between business processes tied to regulatory data

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ESSENTIAL CAPABILITIES
! Identification and
Classification
! Standardization
! Access & Storage
! Integration
! Governance & QC
Primary Components

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2013 Net Serpents LLC All rights reserved
For internal use only; Not for distribution

EIA CAPABILITIES (1/ 5)
! Identification and
Classification
! Standardization
! Access & Storage
! Integration
! Governance & QC
Identification and Classification


Data identification and classification provides a framework for defining
and classifying organizational data based on its level of sensitivity,
business value and criticality to the organization.


Benefit:

Promotes visibility across the enterprise
Common nomenclature reduces mis-interpretation
Creates an efficient framework for sharing data
Promotes harmony between business units
Promotes regulatory compliance

Use Case:

Establishing a taxonomy that categorises data into Master Data, Meta
Data, Transactional Data, Secure Data, Structured Data, Unstructured
Data, Planning Data, Setup & Design Data, Submission Data,
Analytics Data etc
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! Identification and
Classification
! Standardization
! Access & Storage
! Integration
! Governance & QC
Standardization


Data standardization means converting and storing data in a manner
that promotes commonality and consistency in selection,
definition, structure, format, transformation and transfer across
systems.

Benefit:

Makes data reliable
Makes data identifiable
Makes data understandable

Use Case:

Using CDISC (SDTM) standards during data capture reduces errors
during submission and makes it understandable to FDA

Following the DIA reference model for electronic Trial Master Files
establishes a common understanding of data contained within trial
files

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EIA CAPABILITIES (2/ 5)
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! Identification and
Classification
! Standardization
! Access & Storage
! Integration
! Governance & QC
Access & Storage


Data access and storage is the process of securing data from various
transactional systems, market vendors, business partners and internal
entities into efficient, integrated data centric repositories well governed
with security


Benefit:

Improves application performance
Allows for devising security controls
Reduces time to implement data changes
Reduces down time for data migrations
Aids the ETL process (Extract, Transform, Load)
Enables efficient data transport between systems

Use Case:

Creating a global data warehouse for storing data and granting access to
it based on business roles

Using an HDFS file system to store large datasets

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EIA CAPABILITIES (3/ 5)
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! Identification and
Classification
! Standardization
! Access & Storage
! Integration
! Governance & QC
Integration


Data Integration is the implementation of business processes that
leverage interface technologies to source data from disparate systems
and provide that data consumption by downstream systems.

Benefit:

Reduces project integration costs
Improves project time to market
Enables business agility through reuse
Reduces duplicate information stores
Improved visualization of data across business functions and units
Prevents duplicate processes

Use Case:

Using a Service Oriented Architecture for sharing data between business
units
A hub and spoke model that collects data from multiple sources and
makes it available to multiple target systems
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EIA CAPABILITIES (4/ 5)
For internal use only; Not for distribution

! Identification and
Classification
! Standardization
! Access & Storage
! Integration
! Governance & QC
Governance and Quality Control


Governance and quality control refer to the overall management of
data in order to serve the purpose of improving data quality,
protecting sensitive data and enabling sharing of data across the
enterprise

Benefit:

Improves financial performance
Enables regulatory compliance
Protects data from unauthorized use
Improves efficiency of operations

Use Case:

Implementing Master Data Management and Meta Data
Management
Implementing policies for data retention and archiving

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EIA CAPABILITIES (5/ 5)
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CREATING THE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE
(1/ 4)
Business
Architecture
Information Architecture
Technology Architecture
First This
Then This
This Last
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CREATING THE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE (2/ 4)
Business
Architecture
Information Architecture
Technology Architecture
First This
Then This
This Last
Define Capabilities
Define the Process Flow
Map Processes to
Applications

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For internal use only; Not for distribution

CREATING THE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE (3/ 4)
Business
Architecture
Information Architecture
Technology Architecture
First This
Then This
This Last
Define Capabilities
Define the Process Flow
Map Processes to
Applications

Create Process-Data Entity Matrix
Create Application-Data Entity Matrix
Create Source-Target Map
Define and Classify Data
Define Data Standards
Define System of Record
Define governance process
Create data models/ canonicals
2013 Net Serpents LLC All rights reserved
For internal use only; Not for distribution

CREATING THE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE (4/ 4 )
Business
Architecture
Information Architecture
Technology Architecture
First This
Then This
This Last
Define Capabilities
Define the Process Flow
Map Processes to
Applications

Define H/W infrastructure
Define Software Platforms
Define Network Topology
Map data to Storage Devices


2013 Net Serpents LLC All rights reserved
Create Process-Data Entity Matrix
Create Application-Data Entity Matrix
Create Source-Target Map
Define and Classify Data
Define Data Standards
Define System of Record
Define governance process
Create data models/ canonicals
For internal use only; Not for distribution

EIA IN RELATION TO BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
ARCHITECTURE
Business architecture is
composed of Business
capabilities driving
business processes
Information Architecture
comprising of Data
generated from business
applications and services
Technology Architecture
consisting of storage
devices, servers and
networks
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For internal use only; Not for distribution

DELIVERABLES AND APPROACH
Deliverables
Data Definition & Classification
Data Standards
System of Record
Governance process
Process-Data Entity Matrix
Application-Data Entity Matrix
Source-Target Map
Data Models/ Canonicals
Define the
teams

Plan Meetings

Plan Workshops

Identify
Architecture
Tools


Create
Architecture
Deliverables
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Approach