ELEC 516: Advanced Wireless Communications

Hong-Chuan Yang
PhD., Prof., P. Eng.
Dept. of Elec. & Comp. Eng.
University of Victoria
Victoria, BC, Canada
E-mail: <hy@uvic.ca>
Oce: EOW 421
Phone: (250)721-8672
September 3, 2014
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Course Information
Lectures: TWF, 1:30pm2:20pm, in room ECS 108
Oce hours: W, 11:30am 12:30pm or by appointment
Course homepage: http://coursespaces.uvic.ca/
accessible with your netlink ID and password
Required textbook:
A. Goldsmiths Wireless Communications
Optional textbook: H.-C. Yang and M.-S. Alouinis Order
Statistics in Wireless Communications
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Prerequisites
ELEC 456 Mobile Communications and ELEC 500 Random
Signal or equivalent.
Essential materials:
Previous exposure to wireless communications over fading
channels.
Random variables and probability analysis.
Suggestion: review Chp. 2, 3, 5, Appendix A and B of the
prescribed textbook.
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Course Assessment
Assignments (30%)
Five to six problem sets.
Due before lectures on the due dates.
Mid-term exam (30%)
To be scheduled in the second half of the term.
Closed-book and closed-note but two single-side formula sheets allowed.
Project (40%)
Research project on various emerging wireless communication techniques.
In-class presentation in the middle of the term (10%).
Final report due by email on Dec. 16, 2014 (30%).
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Course Objectives
To investigate various advanced technologies for current and future wireless
communication systems, including
statistical modelling of wireless propagation channel,
digital communications over fading channels,
diversity for fading mitigation,
adaptive transmission techniques,
multicarrier transmission/OFDM,
MIMO and space-time coding,
advanced technologies, such as cooperative relaying, cognitive transmission,
multicell cooperation, etc.
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Dierence with Wireless Networking Courses
Wireless communication deals with the physical transmission of information
over the wireless medium and the controlled access of the medium.
Wireless communication addresses mainly the physical/link layer issues and
some medium access (MAC) layer issues.
Wireless networking deals upper layer issues, such as random medium ac-
cess, data routing (IP), end-to-end data delivery (TCP/UDP), etc.
The boundary is becoming vague as the idea of cross-layer design prevails.
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
OSI Protocol Layers
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Brief History of Wireless Communications
Denition: Any form of information transmission without wired connection
Information delivery over the air!
Smoke/ags signals in the pre-industrial age
First experiment of radio transmission by Marconi in 1895
Frequency modulation (FM) invented by Armstrong in 1935
Cellular concept developed at AT&T Bell Lab in 1960s
First packet radio network at U. of Hawaii in 1971
First cellular system deployed in late 1970 in Japan
Cellular system switched to digital in early 1990s
Still the fastest growing segment of the telecommunication industry
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Current Wireless Systems
Cellular systems
Provide voice and data services with international coverage.
Commercial systems evolving from 2G to 3G.
Wireless local area networks (LAN)
Support high-speed data transmission within smaller area.
Standardized by IEEE 802.11 work group.
Broadband wireless access
Provide alternative high speed Internet access for home and business.
WiMax based on IEEE 802.16 standard.
Bluetooth systems, ultrawideband (UWB) systems, satellite networks,
paging systems, broadcast systems, ...
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Duplexing
Types of communications services
One-way, e.g. TV, AM/FM radio, etc
Half-duplex two-way, e.g. walkie talkie radios
Full duplex two-way, e.g. telephone, video conference
Types of channels
Downlink (forward) channel: one transmitter with many receivers
Uplink (reverse) channel: many transmitters with one receiver
Duplexing schemes: achieving full-duplexing service
frequency-division duplexing (FDD), e.g. most cellular systems
time-division duplexing (TDD), feasible only with digital systems
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Multiple Access Schemes
Allocate dedicated channels to multiple scheduled users.
Frequency division multiple access (FDMA)
Use nonoverlapping frequency bands.
Examples: radio/TV, AMPS.
Time division multiple access (TDMA)
Use repeating nonoverlapping time slots.
Examples: GSM, D-AMPS.
Code division multiple access (CDMA)
Use dierent spreading code
Examples: IS-95, W-CDMA, cdma2000.
Spatial division multiple access (SDMA)
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Wireless Standards
Ensure products from dierent companies can interoperate
Allow for the economy of scale to reduce cost.
Developed by specic organizations or a group of companies, e.g.
802.11 a/b/g/n from IEEE
WCDMA/LTE from 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Projects)
cdma2000 from 3GPP2 (3rd Generation Partnership Projects 2)
International Telecommunication Union - Radio Communication (ITU-R)
species requirements for future generation wireless systems, e.g.
IMT 2000 for 3G cellular
IMT advanced for 4G wireless
Final adoption decided by national committees, e.g. Telecommunications
Industry Association (TIA) in US.
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Spectrum Allocation
Responsibility of government agency, e.g. Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) in US
Globally coordinated by ITU-R
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Cellular Wireless Systems
Provide full duplex nation-wide communication service.
Primary spur of the recent exploration of wireless technologies.
First generation using analog FM, e.g. AMPS, ETACS, and NTT.
Second generation (2G) switched to digital, eg. GSM, D-AMPS, and IS-95.
2.5G: 2G + data oriented plug-ins, e.g. EDGE and GPRS.
Third generation (3G) targeting at voice and data with three standards
WCDMA, cdma2000 and TD-SCDMA
Enhancements 3G: HSDPA and HSUPA for WCDMA; EV-DO rev. A and
rev. B for cdma2000.
Long-term evolution (LTE) is commonly referred to as 3.9G system with
peak downloading speed of 200 Mbps.
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)
Provide high-speed wireless connection within smaller coverage area.
Every new laptop or smartphone will have a WiFi card.
Most products follow the standards published by IEEE 802.11 working
group.
First standard for digital WLAN: 802.11b
CDMA based in 2.4 GHz unlicensed band
Data rate less than 10 Mbps
Newer standards with higher data rate: 802.11a/g
Both base on OFDM with data rate up to 50 Mbps
Operate in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz unlicensed bands
802.11 n: further data rate enhancement with peak data rate of 600 Mbps!
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Evolution of Broadband Wireless Systems
OFDMA + MIMO + IP core network!
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Where We Are
FDM CDMA OFDM!
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University of Victoria ELEC 516 Adv Wireless Commun.
Prof. Hong-Chuan Yang
Future Goal of Wireless Communications
Provide uniform broadband coverage with high spectrum eciency as well
as high energy eciency!
Design Challenges
Hash communication medium: fading, interference, and noise.
Multimedia trac with diverse quality of service requirements.
Mobile devices are limited in power and size.
Scarce spectrum resource.
User mobility.