A)

1. Localitation
Singapore is a small, heavily urbanized, island, city-state in Southeast Asia, located at
the end of the Malayan Peninsula between Malaysia and Indonesia. It lies off the
southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, located about 137 kilometers north of the Equator.
It consists of 1 major island and 59 small islands.

2. Size and population
The country has a total land area of 714.3 square kilometers.
The Singapore area comprises mainland and other islands. The mainland of Singapore
measures 50 kilometers (31 mi) from east to west and 26 kilometers (16 mi) from north
to south with 193 kilometers (120 mi) of coastline.
The Singaporean population is diverse, the result of considerable past immigration and
represents 3 major ethnic groups. Ethnic Chinese make up almost 77 percent of the
population, Malays make up 14 percent, Indians 7.6 percent, and other ethnic groups
1.4 percent.
The population is entirely urban and is estimated approximately at 5,567,301.

3. Geographical features that influence trade
Singapore is situated at the center of a major sea route connecting the Far East to
Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, which gives the country its strategic importance.
Singapore is blessed with a natural harbor and deep water anchorage on the Straits of
Malacca, making it strategically significant for shipping on the sea route between Indian
Ocean and South China Sea. Singapore has very limited non renewable resources.

B)
1.Is the country a member of the World Trade Organization? If so, since when?
Singapore places the highest priority in the multilateral trading system which is
embodied in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Singapore became part of the
World trade organization since 20 August 1973. It is a country with a very complete and
successful market economy . It has steady prices and is almost free of corruption.
The economy of this country is based on trade, shipbuilding, oil refining, electronics,
finance and a little bit of tourism. But mostly, the economy depends on exports.
Since the late 70s the trade began to proliferate through the creation of Economic
Developement Board as an active instrument of promoting industrialization and the
establishment of a very liberal regime for foreign investment in the industry in order to
attract American and other countries manufacturing companies to the country.
Singapore is one of the most important financial centers of the world and the home to
the Asian dollar market. The country counts with an active stock exchange, the second
most important in Asia, after Tokio.
Singapore has had a spectacular economic growth over the past decades and its
manufactured products have penetrated international markets, making big and notable
changes in the production worldwide.

2. What does it trade? (Both import-export) Give figures or percentages.
Singapore is the 14th largest exporter and the 15th largest importer in the world.
To go back, Singapore's economy depends heavily on exports. Due to its geostrategic
location and developed port facilities, a large volume of Singapore's merchandise
consists of re-exports.
The main export products of the country are refined oil with 28%, being its main
product of export. Also exports IC, better known as integrated circuits, with a figure of
7,9%, computers on 4,3%, medicine 2,1%, gold 2,1%, telephones 1,5%, and so on. In
addition, Singapore is also dedicated to import products like, equipment and electric
materials with 35,30%, machinery and mechanics equipment 18,62%, mineral fuels
13,55%, food 10%, optical devices 3,09%, etc.
Singapore's economic dynamism compensates for the lack of natural resources. The
agriculture is poor. Plants and vegetables are cultivated, but most of the food and raw
materials are imported from abroad.

3. What countries does it trade with? Name countries and give figures or percentages.
The primary export partners include Hong Kong (11.6 percent of total exports),
Malaysia (11.5 percent), US (11.2 percent), Indonesia (9.7 percent), China (9.7
percent), Japan (4.6 percent). Singapores imports were valued at US$310.4 billion.
The US was Singapores primary source of imports (14.7 percent of total imports)
followed by Malaysia (11.6 percent), China (10.5 percent), Japan (7.6 percent),
Indonesia (5.8 percent), South Korea (5.7 percent).

4. What is its BOT? Is it favorable or not?
To understand what its the BOT of Singapore and know if its favorable first We
have to know what is BOT. The BOT is the balance of trade, It compares the value of
a country's exports of goods and services against its imports. When exports are greater
than imports, that's a trade surplus, which is generally considered a favorable trade
balance. The opposite, when the value of imports outweighs the value of exports, is a
trade deficit, and this is generally considered an unfavorable trade balance. However, it
all depends on where the country is in its business cycle, how long the deficit or surplus
has been ongoing, and the reasons behind it.
In Singapore We can considered that the BOT is favorable because the size of
its exports are higher that imports. Specifically in Singapore the exports have figure to
2, 024 % and imports to 1,801%. We can note that this country has an evolution in the
foreign sector because it has a moderate pace of exports and a low growth rate of
imports.
5. What is its GDP and/or GNP?
In economy are something called the gross domestic product (GDP) this is one the
primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy. It represents the
total dollar value of all goods and services produced over a specific time period.
Usually, GDP is expressed as a comparison to the previous quarter or year. For
example, if the year-to-year GDP is up 3%, this is thought to mean that the economy
has grown by 3% over the last year.
In Singapore we can said that the gross domestic product for 2013 grew by 4.1 %
compared to 2012.

5. What kind of FDI does it have? With what countries?
To elaborate on Singapores foreing direct investment, better known as FDI, it is
necessary to highlight that this country has a highly developed and successful free-
market economy.
Singapore has created and ambitious and sophisticated integrated policy to attract
investment. First, it has focused on attracting transnational companies that make
intensive use of knowledge, and second, it has continued to improve the physical and
human infrastructure, with the purpose of increase the attractiveness of the country.
Since the early sixties, the country focused its efforts on job creation, the formation of a
structure productive and attracting FDI. In the seventies the industrial base gains
strength, and then the country focus on the development of the manufacturing and
service sectors, as a key for economic growth.
Singapore is the world's eighth largest destination of FDI inflows, with a figure of $
552,800,000,000
Singapore has a FDI with so many countries of Asia, Europe, America and Oceania but
the more important are: Brunei Darussalam, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia,
Netherlands, United Kingdom, Switzerland, United States, Australian and British Virgin
Islands.

C)
1. The importance of trade to Singapore
International trade is so important for Singapore, as it has virtually no natural
resources. A big percentage of trade is conducted to meet domestic demand for
energy, food, and other necessities. Singapore also regularly engages in entrepot
trade, whereby industries and businesses in the country import raw materials, before
refining them for re-export. 47 percent of Singapores exports consist of re-exports.
Singapore is the 14th largest exporter and the 15th largest importer in the world.
According to the WTO, Singapore has the highest trade to GDP ratio in the world at
407.9 percent.
As a strong advocate of free trade, Singapore has relatively few trade barriers. Trade
partners with Most Favoured Nation (MFN) have zero tariff rates applied to their
products apart from six lines for alcoholic beverages. There is however some import
restrictions based mainly on environmental, health, and public security concerns. The
import of rice also requires import licensing in order to ensure food security and price
stability.
Also Singapore has the fourth largest foreign exchange market in the world.
Remarkably, despite not having a single drop of proven oil reserves in the country,
Singapore is the 18th largest exporter of oil in the world. In 2010, Singapore exported
1.374 million barrels of oil/day.
Already said this, we can conclude that of course that Singapores influence has been
favorable for the world economy.