AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN

NAME OF WORK:-

PKN

CANAL DATA
1

FOR AQUEDUCT (Vertical section)

0.6805 cumec

Discharge

0.6805 cumec

:1

F.S.D.

2.00

2.00

8 mm 2 ledge stirrups@ 300

Free Board

0.50

0.50

mm F bars@

140

Bed slope

10

mm F bars@

90

C.B.L.

256.58 m

256.58 m

16

mm F bars@

220

F.S.L.

258.58 m

258.58

Bed width

water Side slope

270

TBL 758.58

5000
2x 16 mm F top anchor bar

3.00

5.00

270

vertical :1

10

mm F bars@

F.B.

500

FSD

2000

180
F.S.L. 258.58

3000

1 in

1 in

3000

16

200

Hench
10

M.W.D.

10 Span

2.50

2.50

8.00

8000 mm

11 Concrete

Mscbc

20
7

12 Steel

sst

Inside

150

13 Water

mm F bars@

6 x Bars F

mm F bars@ 110

mm F bars@ 130

300
20
1.00

CBL 256.58

wt. of concrete 25000 kg/m3

m
300
13
Out side

sst

wt

720

200

190

200

9800 kg/m3

14 Reinforcement (in wall)

Main Vertical

10

mm F @

90

mm c/c

Disty.

mm F @

140

mm c/c

15 Reinforcement (in Slab)

Main

16

mm F @

110

mm c/c

Disty.

mm F @

130

mm c/c

Main bottom

20

mm f

Top anchor

16

mm Nos.

two lgd. Strrirps

16 Reinforcement (in wall Beam)

17 Distribution (in wall Beam)

Nos.

mm F @

300

mm c/c

18 Trough Wall thickness

270

mm

or

0.27

mtr

19 Trough Slab thickness

300

mm

or

0.30

mtr

pk_nandwana@yahoo,co,in

Nos.

AQUEDUCT TROUGH DESIGN

NAME OF WORK:-

PKN
FOR QUEDUCT
0.6805
cumec
5.00
m
vertical
2.00
m
0.50
m
3000
256.58
m
258.58
m
2.50
m
8.00
m
50
mm
40
mm

CANAL DATA
0.6805
cumec
3.00
m
1 :1
2.00
m
0.50
m
3000 1in
256.58
m
258.58
m
2.50
m

Discharge
Bed width
water Side slope
F.S.D.
Free Board
Bed slope
C.B.L.
F.S.L.
M.W.D.

Span (Proposed)
Nominal Cover
Effective cover
For HYSD Bars
for water side force
= 150 N/mm2
7
=
N/mm2
= 13
m*c
=
k=

1 Design Constants:-

sst =
scbc =
m

m*c+sst
1
j=1-k/3 =
0.5
R=1/2xc x j x k
=
sst =
scbc =
m

x
for out side force
= 190 N/mm2
7
=
N/mm2
= 13
m*c
=
k=

m*c+sst
1
j=1-k/3 =
R=1/2xc x j x k
= 0.5

Concrete M- 20
wt. of concrete = 25000 N/m3
wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
for water side force

13
x 7
13 x
7
+
0.378 /
3
7
x 0.87 x

150
0.378

= 0.378

0.378

= 0.874
= 1.155

J
R

=
=

0.874
1.155

wt. of concrete = 25000 N/m3

wt of water = 9800 N/mm2
for out side force
13
x
7
13 x
7 + 190
0.324 /
3
7
x 0.892 x 0.324

2 DESIGN OF VERTICAL WALL:The trough wall is to be designed as a beam having a span of of

between supports Hence thickness should be equal to span/30
span
8.00 x 1000
=
30
30
Max.depth of water
=
2.50 m
span
3
9800 x
2.50
wh
B.M.
=
=
6
6
25521 x 1000
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
Rxb
1.16 x 1000
Providing thickness "D"= 270 mm
cover =
50

= 0.324

0.324

= 0.892
= 1.011

J
R

=
=

0.892
1.011

8.00 m

270 mm say

8.00 m

270

=
=

25521 N-m
149

mm
25520833
n-mm

mm

mm, Effective depth = 220 mm

Steel required
Ast =

BMx1000
sst x j x D

using 10 mm bars =
Hence Provided

spacing =A/Ast
10 mm bars

minimum steel to be provided for

distribution
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

=
@
=

25521 x 1000
= 867 mm2
150 x 0.892 x 220
3.14 x 10 x 10
3.14xdia2
A
=
=
= 78.5 mm2
4 x
100
4
78.50 x 1000 / 866.94 =
91 mm
1.45 m from base
90 mm c/c half the bars will be curtailed at
0.1 (
27
10 )
0.3
=
0.25 %
10
45
-

Area of distribution steel

required

Steel of Each face

using

spacing =A/Ast
Hence Provided
8

679
2
A

Fixing moment at end of slab =

Max. possible segging moment

0.25

270
100

WL2
8

= 106752 s st =
Since tension face is out side
BM
Effective depth required
=
=
Rxb
Provided Effective depth
250 mm

Net B.M. at center of span of slab=

x 1000

679 mm2

50.2 mm2

339 mm2

3 Design of Horizontal slabe :The trough slab having a span of of

between walls Hence thickness should be equal to span/20
span
5.00 x 1000
=
20
30
Adopt effective thickness of slab "T" =
250 mm cover =
50
Effective span of slab = BW+ depth
Loading
Load of water column = mwd x
9800 = 2.50 x
9800
Wt of slab = wt of concrete x area of slab
= 25000 x
1.00
per meter length
2
9800 x
2.50
Total water pressure on vertical wall= wH
=
2
2
\

= 3.14xdia2
= 3.14 x
8
4 x100
4
=
50.24 x 1000 / 339.43 =
148 mm
mm bars @ 140 mm c/c Each face

mm bars

0.25 % of x section area

250 mm say

2.50

30115
190
76638
1.011
cover

76638

250

mm

Total thickness = 300 mm

5+
0.27 = 5.27 m

0.25

5.27
8

x
x
=

5.00 m

30750 x
=

mm
=

30625

2.5
3

5.27

=
=

24500 N
6250 N
30750 N

=
+

30625
0.3
2

= 30115 N-m

= 106752 N-m

kg-m The slab is design for this B.M.

J = 0.892 ,
R = 1.011
1000
= 275 mm
1000
providing thickness
50 mm
= 300 mm

Steel required
76637.50 x 1000
= 1809 mm2
190 x 0.89 x 250
3.14 x 16 x 16
3.14xdia2
using 16mm bars =
A
=
=
= 201 mm2
4 x
100
4
spacing =A/Ast =
201 x 1000 / 1809 = 111.1 mm
mm
bars
Hence Provided
16
@
110 mm c/c
30115
1000
x
Area of steel required at end (Near support) =
=
919 mm2
150 x 0.874 x 250
This is
< than half the steel provided at the center of span,However,
half the bars from the center of the span may be bent up at L/2 meter from supports.
Let us check whether this bending of half bars satisfies the enchorage and devlopments envisaged in
equation M1/V + Lo > Ld
1
1000 x
201
Where M1=
x
x 190 x 0.892 x 250
Ast x sst x j x d=
110
2
'6
=
38.71 x 10
N-mm
30750 x 5.27
V = shear force at the ends
=
= 81026 N
2
ls
ls
Lo =
x'
- 3 F + 16 F =
x'
+ 13 F
2
2
Where L s = Length of support
50
= 270 mm and x' = side cover =
mm
Ast = BMx100/sstxjxD=

M1
V
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

+ Lo

38.71 x 10'6
81026

270
2

50

13

16

= 771 mm

F sst =
4 t bd
46.88 x
771 >

x
150
See table
Concrete
F
= 46.88 F
3.4
4
x
0.8
M 20
=
16 = 750 mm
or
750
Thus the requirement is satisfied
minimum steel to be provided for
0.1 (
300
- 100 )
=
0.3
=
0.24 %
distribution
100
450
Area of distribution steel
0.24
x 300 x 1000
=
0.24 % of x section area =
= 729 mm2
required
100
729
Steel of Each face
=
= 364 mm2
2
mm bars
using 8
A
= 3.14xdia2
= 3.14 x
8
x 8
= 50.2 mm2
4
4
spacing =A/Ast =
50.24 x 1000 / 364.29 = 138 cm
mm bars @ 130 cm c/c Each face
Hence Provided
8
Ld

4 Design of side wall as Beam :live load from slab =

total load on slab x bw / 2
Self load =
thick.
mwd
x
wt
x
Max. possible segging moment=
using sst

190

Effective depth required

N/mm2

Actual depth '=

But providing thickness =
Steel required

WL2
8

= 30750 x
= 2.50 x

93750 x

8.00
8
0.324

5
/
2 = 76875 kg-m
0.27 x 25000 = 16875 kg-m
Total Load
= 93750 kg-m
8.00
= 750000 Kg-m

k=
J = 0.892
750000 x 1000
BM
=
= 1657 mm
Rxb
1.011 x 270
2.50 + 0.25 = 2.75 or 2750 mm
80
2750 mm - (2 x cover =
)= 2670 mm

R = 1.011

750000.0 x 1000
= 1657 mm2
190 x 0.892 x 2670
using 20 mm bars
A
= 3.14xdia2
= 3.14 x 20 x 20
= 314 mm2
4 x100
4
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A = 1657 /
314 = 5.28
say
=
6 No.
Hence Provided
bars of
20
mm F at Bottom
6
6
x
314
% of steel provided =
x
100 = 0.26 %
270 x 2670
total load x span
93750 x 8.0
Shear force
=
=
= 375000 kg.
2
2
Shear stress
shea force
375000.0
=
=
=
0.52 N/mm2
Beam Ht. x Beam Dt.
270
x 2670
Permissible shear stress for 0.26 % steel provided t c =
0.21 N/mm2 (See Table 3.1)
TV
Tc Hence shear reinforcement required
Shear reinforcenment required if
>
V c = shear resistance of concrete =
t c.b.d = 0.21 x 2670 x 270 = 151389
N
Vs = V - Vc =
375000
151389 = 223611 N
sst .d.Asv
Spacing of strirrups is
190
x 2670
Sv
Asv
=
=
= 2.27 Asv
Vs
given by
223611
While maximum permissible
2.175 x
fy
x
Asy
2.175 x 415 x Asv
<
<
< 3.34 Asv
spacing of shear stirip is
B
270
Sv
Hence
=
3.34 Asv
Hence using 8 mm dia
2 Legged stirrups A =
100.5 mm2
Sv
=
3.34 x 100.5 =
336 mm
subject to a max. = 300 mm
legged
shear
stirrus
Hence provideed
@ 300 mm c/c
8 mm Dia
2
Provide 2 x 12 mm F hoilding bars at the top.
Ast = BMx100/sstxjxD=

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

NAME OF WORK:-

270

PKN

TBL 758.58
5000
2x 16 mm F top anchor bar

270

F.B.

500

FSD

2000

10 mm F bars@ 180
F.S.L. 258.58

8 mm 2 ledge stirrups@

300

8 mm F bars@ 140
10 mm F bars@ 90
16 mm F bars@ 220
16 mm F bars@ 110
8 mm F bars@ 130
200

10 mm F bars@ 300
6 x Bars F
CBL 256.58

20
1.00
720

300

200

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

200

Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS

Grade of concrete

Tensile stress
2
N/mm

M-10

M-15

M-20

M-25

M-30

M-35

M-40

1.2

2.0

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

2

Grade of concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

Permission stress in compression (N/mm )

Bending acbc
Direct (acc)
(N/mm2)
3.0
5.0
7.0
8.5
10.0
11.5
13.0
14.5
16.0

Kg/m
300
500
700
850
1000
1150
1300
1450
1600

(N/mm2)
2.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0

Kg/m
250
400
500
600
800
900
1000
1100
1200

Permissible stress in bond (Average) for

plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
2

(N/mm2) in kg/m
--0.6
60
0.8
80
0.9
90
1.0
100
1.1
110
1.2
120
1.3
130
1.4
140

Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO

M-10
31
(31.11)

Grade of concrete

Modular ratio m

M-15
19
(18.67)

M-20
13
(13.33)

M-25
11
(10.98)

M-30
9
(9.33)

M-35
8
(8.11)

M-40
7
(7.18)

Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete

M-15

M-20

M-25

M-30

M-35

M-40

Modular Ratio
scbc N/mm2

18.67
5

13.33
7

10.98
8.5

9.33
10

8.11
11.5

7.18
13

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

1.214

1.474

1.734

1.994

2.254

m scbc

kc
jc
(a) sst = 140
N/mm2 (Fe 250) Rc
Pc (%)
(b) sst = 190
N/mm2

(c ) sst = 230
N/mm2 (Fe 415)

0.714

1.214

1.429

1.643

1.857

kc

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

jc

0.89
0.732

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

Rc

1.025

1.244

1.464

1.684

1.903

Pc (%)

0.433

0.606

0.736

0.866

0.997

1.127

kc

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

jc

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

Rc

0.653

0.914

1.11

1.306

1.502

1.698

Pc (%)

0.314

0.44

0.534

0.628

0.722

0.816

Shear stress tc
100As
M-20
bd
0.15
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.2
0.19
0.21
0.2
0.22
0.2
0.23
0.2
0.24
0.21
0.25
0.21
0.26
0.21
0.27
0.22
0.28
0.22
0.29
0.22
0.3
0.23
0.31
0.23
0.32
0.24
0.33
0.24
0.34
0.24
0.35
0.25
0.36
0.25
0.37
0.25
0.38
0.26
0.39
0.26
0.4
0.26
0.41
0.27
0.42
0.27
0.43
0.27
0.44
0.28
0.45
0.28
0.46
0.28
0.47
0.29
0.48
0.29
0.49
0.29
0.5
0.30
0.51
0.30
0.52
0.30
0.53
0.30
0.54
0.30
0.55
0.31
0.56
0.31
0.57
0.31
0.58
0.31
0.59
0.31
0.6
0.32
0.61
0.32
0.62
0.32
0.63
0.32
0.64
0.32
0.33
0.65
0.33
0.66

Reiforcement %
100As
M-20
bd
0.18
0.15
0.19
0.18
0.2
0.21
0.21
0.24
0.22
0.27
0.23
0.3
0.24
0.32
0.25
0.35
0.26
0.38
0.27
0.41
0.28
0.44
0.29
0.47
0.30
0.5
0.31
0.55
0.32
0.6
0.33
0.65
0.34
0.7
0.35
0.75
0.36
0.82
0.37
0.88
0.38
0.94
0.39
1.00
0.4
1.08
0.41
1.16
0.42
1.25
0.43
1.33
0.44
1.41
0.45
1.50
0.46
1.63
0.46
1.64
0.47
1.75
0.48
1.88
0.49
2.00
0.50
2.13
0.51
2.25

0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22

0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41

1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.60
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78

0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47

1.79
1.80
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.90
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2.00
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34

0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.40
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.80
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.90

0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15

0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51

Table 3.1. Permissible shear stress Table tc in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75

Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.44
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.44
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.44
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.44
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.44
0.51
0.57
0.6

3.00 and above

tc N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.2
0.2
0.23
0.23
0.31
0.32
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.62
0.62
0.63

Table 3.2. Facor k

Over all depth of slab

300 or more

1.00

275
1.05

250
1.10

225
1.15

200
1.20

175
1.25

Table 3.3. Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete

M-15
1.6

tc.max

M-20
1.8

M-25
1.9

M-30
2.2

M-35
2.3

M-40
2.5

Table 3.4. Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concrete M10
-tbd (N / mm2)

15
0.6

20
0.8

25
0.9

30
1

35
1.1

40
1.2

Table 3.5. Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars
Grade of
concrete tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F
0.6
58
M 15

tbd

H.Y.S.D. Bars
(N / mm2)
kd = Ld F
0.96

60

M 20

0.8

44

1.28

45

M 25

0.9

39

1.44

40

M 30

35

1.6

36

M 35

1.1

32

1.76

33

M 40

1.2

29

1.92

30

M 45

1.3

27

2.08

28

M 50

1.4

25

2.24

26

150 or less
1.30

in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

45
1.3

50
1.4