DATAWAREHOUSE CONCEPTS

1). Why we are going to data warehouse?

Data warehouse is used for to store the large volumes of data. It can be used for future
forecasting. It is the collection of key pieces of information that can be used for to take the
decision by the managers.

The main aim of data warehouse is in analyzing the large volumes of data so that it can be
helpful in taking business decisions for reporting one day details also enough.but analysis
means we need comparision means we need some old data is called historical data.the data
ware house saves historical data ,we con't to any data base manuplations.

where is in normal databases we arte able to maintain some extent of data .after that for
entering new data u need to delete the old data.

BUT in Data ware house u are able to stote years of records no need to delete the old data

2). What are slowly changing dimensions & confirm dimensions?

a) Slowly Changing Dimensions are basically those dimensions whose key value will remain
static but description might change over the period of time. For example, the product id in
a companies, product line might remain the same, but the description might change from
time to time, hence, product dimension is called slowly changing dimension.
Where as confirmed dimensions are some thing, which can be shared by multiple Fact
Tables or multiple Data Marts.

b) Conformed Dimensions (CD): These dimensions are something that is built once in
your model and can be reused multiple times with different fact tables.

For example, consider a model containing multiple fact tables, representing different data
marts. Now look for a dimension that is common to these facts tables. In this example, let
us consider that the product dimension is common and hence can be reused by creating
short cuts and joining the different fact tables.
Some of the examples are time dimension, customer dimensions, product dimension.

c) Confirm dimension:
Confirm Dimension which is used to link more then 0ne fact table or data mart.

For example In our project, we have created five data mart of different subject area ,our
client requirements is to create a report by linking all the data mart or subject area .To
achieve that report we linked all the data mart through Person confirmed dimension .

d) A confirmed Dimension (CD) is a dimension which is shared by different fact tables.

For examples, there are different data marts are there say Loans, Deposits, Withdrawals
etc.....in this there is a dimension called Date which is common to all. We can link to
different data marts using a common dimension called Date in this example.

e) Confirmed Dimension, it is a dimension linked with two or more fact tables.
Suppose we have two fact tables like sales and production link with dimension product
dimension here Product is the confirmed dimension

f) A dimension that carries the same meaning across the different fact tables is called
conformed dimension. Confirmed dimension are a must to put a no. of data marts together
to create a enterprise data warehouse

g) In the schema a dimension which is shared by multiple fact table that dimension is called
confirmed dimension.

3).What is casual dimension?

One of the most interesting and valuable dimensions in a data warehouse is one that
explains why a fact table record exists. In most data warehouses, you build a fact table
record when something happens.

For example: When the cash register rings in a retail store, a fact table record is created for
each line item on the sales ticket. The obvious dimensions of this fact table record are
product, store, customer, sales ticket, and time.
At a bank ATM, a fact table record is created for every customer transaction. The
dimensions of this fact table record are financial service, ATM location, customer,
transaction type, and time. When the telephone rings, the phone company creates a fact
table record for each "hook event." A complete call-tracking data warehouse in a telephone
company records each completed call, busy signal, wrong number, and partially dialed call.
In all three of these cases, a physical event takes place, and the data warehouse responds
by storing a fact table record. However, the physical events and the corresponding fact
table records are more interesting than simply storing a small piece of revenue. Each event
represents a conscious decision by the customer to use the product or the service. A good
marketing person is fascinated by these events. Why did the customer choose to buy the
product or use the service at that exact moment? If we only had a dimension called "Why
Did The Customer Buy My Product Just Now?" our data warehouses could answer almost
any marketing question. We call a dimension like this a "causal" dimension, because it
explains what caused the event.

4) .what are the multidimensional analyses?

multidimensional analyses that can be used to wide view varities of data or information
Multidimensional analysis is the analysis of dimension objects organized in meaningful
hierarchies. A hierarchy is an ordered series of related dimensions.

Multidimensional analysis allows you to observe data from various viewpoints.

Multidimensional analysis means analyzing the data by looking at various view points.
In BO,In 2 ways we can do this.1.Slice and Dice
2.Drilling.

Multidimensional analysis is analyzing the data in different ways. There are two options are
available in BO,
1. Slice and Dice, it allows us to view data differently i.e.we can change the position of the
rows to columns and Columns to rows.
2. Drilling, using drilling option we can view data in different views i.e. we can know the
level details of any dimension. Suppose if we take Date dimension, we can use drill option
to view the next level of detail i.e. from year to quarter and from quarter to month and from
month to day.

5).What is data mart?

Datamart is nothing but a database. it can be stored data about the particular organization.

A data mart is a particular subject oriented block of data in the data warehouse in the
business line like production, sales, marketing etc. they are two kinds of datamarts are
there one is independent & Dependent datamarts.
sub set of datawarehouse is called data mart.

A data mart is a subset of data warehouse that is designed for a particular line of business
such as sales, marketing, finance, etc.

Data mart is of two types:
1) Dependent data mart, in which data can be derived from an enterprise-wide data
warehouse.
2) Independent data mart, in which data can be collected directly from sources.

In the industry when a organization goes for a enterprise wide Datawarehouse the cost
involved in setting
up . its maintenance and other overheads are also associated with it. So due to budget and
time constraints some organizations initially set up a Data Mart to facilitate there immediate
needs. These Data Marts are generally set up at department levels and in a future date if
utility arises then datamarts across the organization can be integrated and a full fledged
data warehouse can be formed.
In a way Data Mart is a subset of Data Warehouse.

6) What are common dimensions?
Common dimensions are dimensions with the same name occurring in the same universe.
Dimensions called Year that occur in a universe and an Excel spreadsheet are not common.
Desktop Intelligence will prompt you to link them.
7) What situations require you link data providers?
Desktop Intelligence automatically links data providers with a common dimension. Two
dimensions in separate data providers are common when they belong to the same universe
and have the same name. Desktop Intelligence prompts you to link data providers if there is
no common dimension between the data providers. If you simply want to add columns of
data to a report, use the Edit Data Provider command on the Data menu instead of building
a new query. This method lets you add result objects to the initial query; Desktop
Intelligence automatically inserts the new columns of data in the report or creates a new
report.

8) Which dimension should act as a link between data providers?
It is necessary that the dimension you use to link data providers be the same type (numeric
or alphanumeric) in both data providers. If not, two rows of data will appear for the linked
object when you create a table that uses the object.
Additionally you should use only dimensions that return the same type of values. It doesnt
make sense to create a link between dimensions with totally different lists of values (Year
and Region, for example).

9) What is difference between purging and deleting of data providers?
Purging means emptying a data provider of its results, deleting means getting rid of the
data provider for good an action that cannot be undone.
Why purge or delete a data provider? Purging reduces the size of a document, so is useful
when you want to send the document to other users, or save it on a diskette, for example.
You should only delete a data provider, however, if you are certain that you and other users
no longer need it.