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AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules
®

AutoCAD 2D
Module 25
Scaling and Stretching

Learning Outcomes:
When you have completed this module, you will be able to:

1. Describe and apply the STRETCH and SCALE commands to change the size and shape
of existing objects.

Stretching Objects
The STRETCH command has a great many uses. You can stretch objects on the drawing
either making them larger or smaller. Using this command is a good way to edit the shape of
objects without having to erase and redraw it or portions of it. Once you can identify when and
where to use STRETCH, your drawing speed and productivity will increase. You will be amazed
at the number of ways you can use this command, so always keep it in mind as you edit your
drawings.

AutoCAD Command: STRETCH

The STRETCH command is used to stretch an object(s) either larger or smaller.
Shortcut: S

2004-2008

2000-2002

The STRETCH command requires that you use a crossing window to select
the objects. It moves the objects that are totally inside the window and
stretches the objects that cross the window. You MUST use a crossing
window at all times with this command.

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Using the STRETCH and SCALE Commands

Step 1 Start a new drawing using the template Module Template A.
Step 2 Save and name the
drawing AutoCAD 2D
Workalong 25-1.
Step 3 Create the layers as
shown in Figure Step 3.
Step 4 On layer Object,
draw the object shown to the
left. See Figure Step 4.

Figure Step 4
Object to be Drawn
Step 5 Enter the STRETCH command
below to stretch the object. See Figure
Step 5A and 5B.
Command: STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window
or crossing-polygon...
Select objects:
Specify opposite corner: 4 found
Figure Step 3
(Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the Figure Step 5A. You MUST use a crossing
window.)
Select objects:
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 0,0
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @1,0
(The lines that the crossing
window cross are stretched 1
unit longer and the lines
totally inside the crossing
window are moved 1 unit in
the positive X direction.)
Command:

Figure Step 5B
Figure Step 5A
...continued on page 25-3

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Using the STRETCH and SCALE Commands - Continued

Step 6 Enter the STRETCH command below to
stretch the object. See Figure Step 6A and 6B.
Command: STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or
crossing-polygon...
Select objects:
Specify opposite corner: 4 found
(Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the Figure
Step 6A.) Figure Step 6A
Select objects:
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 0,0
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @0,1.5
(The lines that the crossing window crosses are stretched 1.5
unit higher and the lines and circles totally inside the crossing
window are moved 1.5 unit up.)
Command:

Step 7 Enter the STRETCH command below to stretch

the object. See Figure Step 7A and 7B.
Figure Step 6B
Command: STRETCH
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or
crossing-polygon...
Select objects:
Specify opposite corner: 3 found
(Use a crossing window and locate it as shown in the Figure
Step 7A.)
Select objects:
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: (end) P1
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: @1,0
(The lines that the crossing window crosses are stretched 1
unit, one longer and one shorter. The line inside the crossing
window is moved 1 unit to the right.) Figure Step 7A
Command:

Figure Step 7B
...continued on page 25-4

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Using the STRETCH and SCALE Commands - Continued

Step 8 Using what you already learned, use the
STRETCH command to stretch the object to
match Figure Step 7A. See Figure Step 8B as the
crossing window location.

Figure Step 8A

Figure Step 8B

Step 9 Using what you already learned, use the

STRETCH command to stretch the object to match
Figure Step 9A. See Figure Step 9B as the
crossing window location.

Hint: Use a Cross Polygon

window here. See Module
24 page 24-10. Figure Step 9A

Figure Step 9B
...continued on page 25-5

Scaling Objects
The SCALE command can be used in many ways. An object can be scaled either larger or
smaller by using a scale factor or by using a reference as you did in the ROTATE command. It
scales the object around a base point. This base point is the only location that does not change
as the object is scaled around this location.

AutoCAD Command: SCALE

The SCALE command is used to scale an object(s) either larger or smaller.
Shortcut: SC

2004-2008

2000-2002

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Using the STRETCH and SCALE Commands - Continued

Step 9 Enter the SCALE command shown below
to scale the object by 0.5 scale factor.
Command: SCALE
Select objects:
Specify opposite corner: 13 found
(Select the objects to be scaled in a window.)
Select objects:
Specify base point: (end) P2
(The end of bottom line is the base point. This point will
remain at the same coordinates and the rest of the Figure Step 9A
object will scale around it.)
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1.0000>: .5
(Scale the object by a scale factor of one-half.)
Command:
Authors Comments: You have to be careful when using a scale factor.
If you use a scale factor of 0.5 you are scaling the object by one-half the
height and one-half the width. Therefore, the object will be one-quarter
of the size it was before the scale. The same works when you use the
scale factor of 2. It scales 2 times the width and 2 times the height Figure Step 9B
making the object 4 times it size before the scale.

Step 10 Using the MIRROR command,

mirror the object as shown in Figure Step
10.

Step 11 Enter the SCALE command

and using what you already learned,
scale the object on the right to 0.25 scale Figure Step 10
factor. Use the base point shown in
Figure Step 11A. The finished drawing
should appear as shown in Figure Step
11B.

Figure Step 11A

Figure Step 11B

Step 12 Move the entire object so that the bottom

left corner is at the coordinates X1,Y7. See Figure
Step 12.

...continued on page 25-6 Figure Step 12

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Using the STRETCH and SCALE Commands - Continued

Step 13 The object should now appear as shown Figure Step 13.
Step 14 Using what you learned, scale the complete object to a
scale factor of 1.25. Use the base point shown in Figure Step 14.

Figure Step 13
Figure Step 14

Step 15 Enter the SCALE command shown below to

scale using the Reference option. See Figure Step 15A,
15B and 15B.
Command: SCALE
Select objects:
Specify opposite corner: 13 found
(Select the object on the right using a window as shown Figure
Step 15A.)
Select objects: Figure Step 15A
Specify base point: P3
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1.5000>: R
(Using a Reference.)
Specify reference length <1.0000>: P4
Specify second point: P5
(Instructs AutoCAD to measure the distance from P4 to P5.)
Specify new length or [Points] <1.0000>: P6
(Then calculate the scale factor to make it the size of P4 to P6.)
Command:

Figure Step 15B

Figure Step 15C

Step 16 The drawing should now appear as Figure Step 16.

...continued on page 25-7
Figure Step 16

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Using the STRETCH and SCALE Commands - Continued

Step 17 Draw the three circle with lines from quad to quad in each circle as shown in
Figure Step 17A and 17B.

Figure Step 17B

Figure Step 17A

Step 18 On layer Construction, draw a line from center to center

as shown in Figure 18.

Step 19 Rotate the large circle using the Reference option so that
the quad lines are exactly the same angle as the construction line.
See Figure Step 19.

Figure Step 18

Figure Step 19

Step 20 Rotate the medium circle using the Reference

option so that the quad lines are exactly the same angle as
the construction line. See Figure Step 20.

...continued on page 24-8 Figure Step 20

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Using the STRETCH Command - Continued

Step 21 Move the smallest circle to locate the end of a
quad line to the intersection of the circle and the construction
line. See Figure Step 21

Figure Step 21

Step 22 Rotate the smallest circle using the Reference

option so that the quad lines are exactly the same angle as
the construction line. See Figure Step 22.
Figure Step 22

Step 23 Scale the smallest

circle using the Reference option
so that the diameter of the circle
fits perfectly between the other
two circles. See Figure 23.
Figure Step 23

Figure Step 24 Step 24 Your finished drawing should appear as shown in

Figure 24.

Step 25 Save and close the drawing.

The Key Principles in Module 25

1. The STRETCH command requires that you use a crossing window to select the objects.
It moves the objects that are totally inside the window and stretches the objects that
cross the window. You MUST use a crossing window at all times with this command.

2. If you use a scale factor of 0.5 you are scaling the object by one-half the height and one-
half the width. Therefore, the scaled object is one-quarter its original size.

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Lab Exercise 25-1 Time Allowed: 45 Min.

Drawing Specifications
Name Template Units Text Style Font
AutoCAD 2D Lab 25-1 Module Template B Inches N/A N/A
Layering Scheme
Objects on Layer Name Color Linetype Lineweight
Construction Objects Construction 253 Continuous N/A
Text in the Titleblock Titleblock Text White/Black Continuous N/A
All Objects Object Red Continuous N/A
Instructions:
1. Draw the object below. Try to use the MIRROR command.

Part 1 Complete

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3. Copy the object 7 units in the X direction.

4. Using the STRETCH command only, change the object to match the dimensions shown below.
5. Complete the titleblock using the standards from Module 20, page 20-10.

Completed Drawing

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Lab Exercise 25-2 Time Allowed: 45 Min.

Drawing Specifications
Name Template Units Text Style Font
AutoCAD 2D Lab 25-2 Module Template C Inches N/A N/A
Layering Scheme
Objects on Layer Name Color Linetype Lineweight
Construction Objects Construction 253 Continuous N/A
All Objects Object Red Continuous N/A
Text in the Titleblock Titleblock Text White/Black Continuous N/A
Instructions:
1. Draw the object below using the ARRAY

Part 1 Completed Drawing

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Construction Hints
Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint(s). If you get
stuck and can't complete it on your own, use the following hint(s) to help you.
Hint 1
Figure Hint 1-1 - Draw the object as shown. If you draw 2 lines and an arch for the center, you
can then array it 16 times.

Figure Hint 1-1

Figure Hint 1-2 - Insert two fillets to draw the inside arcs. After you trim what you need, you
can then array it 16 times.

Figure Hint 1-2

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2. Copy and scale the original object in steps A to H:

A. Copy the center to X4,Y9. Scale the inside array only. Use the scale factor of 1.5. Use the
center as base point.
B. Copy the center to X4,Y13. Scale the whole object at a scale factor of 0.5. Use the center as
base point.
C. Copy the center to X9,Y13. Scale the outside array only. Use a scale factor of 1.25 Use the
center as base point.
D. Copy the center to X10,Y8. Scale the inside array only. Use a scale factor of 1.5. Use the center
as base point.
E. Copy the center to X16.75,Y6.7. Scale the whole object at a scale factor of 2. Use the center as
base point.
F. Copy the center to X16.5,Y13.5. Scale the inside array only. Use a scale factor of 3 and the
outside array at a scale factor of 0.5. Use the center as the
base point.
G. Copy the object and scale it to fit exactly between the
existing objects B and C. Scale it to fit exactly between the
midpoint on the arcs. Use the Reference option do not use
math.
Hint: Draw a construction line between the centers of B and
C. See pages 25-7 to 25-8.
H. Copy the object and scale it to fit exactly between the
closest distance between the two existing objects D and E.
Rotate the object so the midpoints of the arcs are touching
the existing objects. Use the Reference option do not use Completed Drawing
math.
Hint: Draw a construction line between the centers of D and E. See pages 25-7 to 25-8.
3. Complete the titleblock using the standards from Module 20, page 20-10.

Stretching and Scaling The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright © 1993 - 2007 Module 25